DIFFERENT PARTS PARTS OF THE GLOBE •
minutes, and seconds, of a point east or west of the Prime (Greenwich) Meridian. Lines of longitude are often referred to as meridians. LATITUDE - an angle which ranges from 0° at the !uator to "0° (#orth or $outh) at the poles. Lines of constant latitude, or parallels, run east%west as circles parallel to the e!uator. Latitude is used together with longitude to specif& the precise location of features on the surface of the arth.
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LONGITUDE - (shown as a vertical line) is the angular distance, in degrees,
NORTH POLE – also 'nown as the Geographi North Pole or Terre!trial Terre!trial North Pole, is (suect to
the caveats e*plained elow) defined as the point in the #orthern +emisphere where +emisphere where the arths a*is of rotation meets rotation meets its surface. he #orth Pole is the northernmost point on the arth, l&ing diametricall& opposite the $outh Pole. Pole. t defines geodetic latitude "0° latitude "0° #orth, as well as the direction of true north. north . /t the #orth Pole all directions point south all lines of longitude of longitude converge converge there, so its longitude can e defined as an& degree value. /long tight latitude circles, countercloc'wise is east and cloc'wise is west. •
SOUTH POLE – also 'nown as the Geographi South Pole or Terre!trial Terre!trial South Pole, is one of
the two points where the arths a*is of rotation intersects its surface. t is the southernmost point on the surface of the arth and arth and lies on the opposite side of the arth from the #orth Pole. $ituated Pole. $ituated on the continent of /ntarctica, /ntarctica, it is the site of the 1nited $tates /munds $tates /mundsen-$cott en-$cott $outh Pole Pole $tation, $tation , which was estalished in 2"34 and has een permanentl& staffed since that &ear. he Geographic $outh Pole should not e confused with the $outh Magnetic Pole, Pole , which is defined ased on the arths magnetic field. •
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SOUTHERN HE"ISPHERE - is the half sphere of arth which is south of the e!uator. t contains all or parts of five continents, four oceans and most of the Pacific slands in 5ceania. NORTHERN HE"ISPHERE - the half that is north of the e!uator. 6or other planets in the $olar $&stem, north is defined as eing in the same celestial hemisphere relative to the invariale plane of the solar s&stem as arths #orth pole. EASTERN HE"ISPHERE - a geographical term for the half of the arth that is ea!t of the Prime Meridian (which crosses Greenwich, ngland, 1nited 7ingdom) and west of 280° longitude. #ESTERN HE"ISPHERE - a geographical term for the half of the earth that lies $e!t of the prime meridian (which crosses Greenwich, 17) and east of the antimeridian, the other half eing called the astern He%i!phere. E&UATOR - an imaginar& line around the middle of a planet or other celestial od&. t is halfwa& etween the #orth Pole and the $outh Pole, at 0 degrees latitude. /n e!uator divides the planet into a #orthern +emisphere and a $outhern +emisphere.
PRI"E "ERIDIAN - an imaginar& line that, similar to the !uator, divides the earth into eastern and western hemispheres. t is sometimes referred to as the Greenwich Meridian .
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'ONTINENTS OF THE #ORLD
() ASIA he largest continent on arth, /sia9s total si:e is roughl&, (*+,(,+./ !0uare %ile! (..+1*2+ !0uare 3ilo%eter!) or ;0< of the planet9s total landmass.
/rea= (*+,(,+./ !0uare %ile! (..+1*2+ !0uare 3ilo%eter! )
,) AFRI'A /frica is the worlds second-largest and second-most-populous continent. /t aout 4)4 %illio5 3%6 including adacent islands, it covers si* percent of arths total surface area and >0.? percent of its total land area.
/rea= 4)4 %illio5 3%6
4) NORTH A"ERI'A #orth /merica is a continent entirel& within the #orthern +emisphere and almost all within the @estern +emisphere. t can also e considered a northern sucontinent of the /mericas. /rea= ,.)*( %illio5 3%6
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SOUTH A"ERI'A
$outh /merica is a continent situated in the @estern +emisphere, mostl& in the $outhern +emisphere, with a relativel& small portion in the #orthern +emisphere.
/rea= (*)/. %illio5 3%6
1) ANTAR'TI'A /ntarctica, the southernmost continent and site of the $outh Pole, is a virtuall& uninhaited, ice-covered landmass. Most cruises to the continent visit the /ntarctic Peninsula, which stretches toward $outh /merica. t9s 'nown for the Lemaire Ahannel and Paradise +aror, stri'ing, iceerg-flan'ed passagewa&s, and Port Loc'ro&, a former British research station turned museum. he peninsula9s isolated terrain also shelters rich wildlife, including man& penguins.
/rea= (. %illio5 3%6
7) EUROPE urope is a continent that comprises the westernmost part of urasia. urope is ordered & the /rctic 5cean to the north, the /tlantic 5cean to the west, and the Mediterranean $ea to the south.
/rea= ()(/ %illio5 3%6
*) AUSTRALIA /ustralia comprises a land area of aout /+7+ !0uare 3ilo%etre!. /ustralia is the planets si*th largest countr& after Cussia, Aanada, Ahina, the 1nited $tates of /merica and Bra:il. t is also the onl& one of the largest si* nations that is completel& surrounded & water.
/rea= /+7+ !0uare 3ilo%eter!
JORGINE
