DICTIONAR-JURIDIC-ROMAN-ENGLEZ.doc

English/Romanian Legal Glossary DICTIONAR DE TERMENI JURIDICI

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1203.03 PC MOTION – Request to cancel, modify, change or terminate probati on. MOTIUNEA PC 1203.03 – Cererea de anulare, modificare, schimbare sau incheiere a unei perioade de proba.

1203.4 PC MOTION – Request to take back guilty plea or set aside a guilty verdict, and dismiss the

accusations or information. (Made after probation has either terminated or defendant was discharged discharged from probation prior to termination.) MOTIUNEA PC 1203.4  Cererea de retragere a pledoariei de vinovatie sau ridicarea sentintei de vinovatie si anularea acu!atiilor si a informatiilor. ("acuta, sau dupa terminarea probei, sau cind acu!atul a iesit de sub perioada de proba, inainte de terminarea ei).

170.6 PC MOTION  Request

to disqualify the assigned #udge from hearing a matter.

MOTIUNEA PC 170.6- Cererea de descalificare a unui $udecator de a #udeca un ca!.

995 PC MOTION – Request made by a defendant to dismiss a count of information. MOTIUNEA PC 995  Cererea facuta de catre un acu!at de anulare a unei anumite acu!atii.

ABANDONMENT  %hen a parent leaves a child without enough care, supervision, support, or parental

contact for an e&cessive period of time. ABANDON – 'asarea unui copil de catre parinte, fara ingri#ire sau supraveghere, fara suport ori contact, pentru o perioada indelungata de timp.

ABATE – o put an end to to cancel out.

(****) * + sfirsi ceva a anula.

ABATEMENT OF ACTION – + suit which has been set aside and ended.

(****) * n proces care a fost incheiat.

ABDUCTION  he offense of taking away a wife, child, or ward, by deceitful persuasion, force, or

violence. RAPIRE  'uarea prin inselaciune , forta sau violenta a unei sotii, copil sau a unui minor care se afla in gri#a tribun alului si nu a

parintilor.







































ABROGATE – o repeal or cancel an old law using another law or constitutional power. power. ABROGARE  + retrage sau anula o lege veche prin folosirea unei alte legi sau puteri constitut ionale.

ABSTRACT  + summary of what a court or government agency does. 1n raffic, document that is sent to

the 2epartment of Motor 3ehicles (2M3) to update driving record. (****) * Re!umatul a ceea ce face un tribunal sau o agentie de guvern. 1n rafic, un document trimis la 2M3 pentru a reactuali!a datele.

ABSTRACT OF JUDGEMENT* 4ummary of the court5s final decision. Can be used as a lien if you file

it with the county recorder. (---- - Re!umatul deci!iei finale a ribunalului. 6oate fi folosit ca 7lien8 (ve!i lien), daca este inregistrat la arhiva, de County.

ABSTRACT OF RECORD - 4hort form of the case. (---- - Re!umatul sau forma scurta a ca!ului.

ABUSE – (9) immoderate or improper use (0) to do physical, se&ual, or psychological harm to someone. ABU! – (9) "olosirea improprie sau e&cesiva (0) vatamarea fi!ica, se&uala sau psihica a cuiva.

ABUSE OF PROCESS – Misuse of the power of the court. ABU! DE PROCES – "olosirea abu!iva a puterii legislative.

ACCESSOR" - + person who helps someone else commit a crime, either before or after the crime. COMP#ICE- : persoana care participa la comiterea unei ilegalitati, inainte sau dupa comiterea ei.

ACCIDENT OR MISFORTUNE – +n unintentional event unforeseen event causing misfortune. ACCIDENT SAU NENOROCIRE – n eveniment neintentionat intimplare nepreva!uta care cau!ea!a o nenorocire.

ACCOMP#ICE – + person that helps someone else commit a crime. Can be on purpose or not. COMP#ICE – : persoana care a#uta la comiterea unei infractiuni 6oate sa fie intentionata sau neintentionata.







































ACCORD – + satisfaction agreed upon between the parties in a lawsuit, which prevents further actions after the claim. ACORD – +#ungerea la o intelegere satisfacatoare, intre partile implicate intr*un proces, aceasta prevenind continuarea procesului.

ACCORD AND SATISF SATISFACTION ACTION  +greement +greement by the parties to settle settl e a claim or dispute in which the parties typically agree to give or accept something. ACORD SI MU#TUMIRE MU#TUMIRE – : intelegere intre parti de a incheia un proces sau o disputa, (cearta sau neintelegere), in care , de

obicei, partile accepta sa dea sau sa primeasca ceva.

ACCRUA# – he total amount of child support payments that are owed or that are late.

(****) * 4uma totala a pensiei alimentare datorate.

ACCUSATION – + formal charge against a person. ACU!ATIE – 1nvinuirea unei persoane.

ACCUSED – he person that is charged charged with a crime and has to go to criminal court. (4ee 2-"-<2+<). ACU!ATU# – 6ersoana acu!ata de violaea legii si, care trebuie sa se infatise!e la riunal.

AC$NO%#EDGEMENT – 4aying, testifying, or assuring that something is true. RECUNAOSTERE – + declara, marturisi sau confirma un adevar.

AC$O%#EDGEMENT OF SATISFACTION SATISFACTION OF JUDGEMENT – + court form that the person who

wins the case must fill out, sign, and file with the court when the #udgment is fully paid. 1f there are no liens, the back of the Notice of Entry Entry of Judgment can be signed and filed with the court (4ee $2/M-< CR-21:R, $2/M-<.) (****) * n document legal, care trebuie sa fie completat, semnat si inregistrat de ribunal, cind procesul este finali!at si platit. 2aca nu e&ista nici o datorie, documentul legal poate fi semnat pe verso, (spate), si inregistrat la ribunal.

AC&UIT – o legally find the innocence of a person charged with a crime. o set free, release or

discharge from an obligation, burden or accusation. o find a defendant not guilty in a criminal trial. AC'ITA – + gasi nevinovat pe cineva care este acu!at de o infractiune. +elibera , de!vinovati sau scoate

de sub acu!atie. + gasi pe un acu!at, nevinovat intr*un proces legal.







































AC&UITA# – %hen a #udge or #ury finds that the person on trial is not guilty.

(****) * Cind un #udecator sau grupul de #urati gaseste o persoana, nevinovata, i ntr*un proces legal., este o.

ACTION – 1n court, when one person sues someone else to, defend or enforce a right, stop something bad

from happening or fi& something, or punish them for a crime. ACTIUNE – 'a ribunal, cind o persoana da in #udecata pe cineva, pentru a apara sau intari int ari un drept, a preveni un rau, sau a pedepsi pentru o infractiune.

ACTION IN PERSONAM – 6roceeding against the person for the recovery of a specific ob#ect, usually

an item of personal property such as an automobile. PROCES CONTRA PERSOANEI – 6rocedura impotriva unei persoane de a recupera un anumit obiect,

de obicei un bun personal, cum ar fi un automobil.

ACTION IN REM – 6roceeding >against the thing> as compared to personal actions ( in personam).

sually a proceeding where property is involved. PROCES CONTRA UNUI BUN – 6roces contra unui 7obiect 7prin comparatie cu un proces contra persoanei. 2e obicei, un proces care implica un bun imobiliar, (proprietate).

ACTIE STATUS – + case that is in court but is not settled or decided has active status. (4ee

2146:411:<, 6-<21
ACTUA# #OSS  his is a showing that the plaintiff pl aintiff or in#ured party has undergone some loss of property

or other thing of value by reason of fraud, fraud, forgery, forgery, or other illegal action. "or the crime of forgery the e&istence of a specific intent to defraud is an essential element however, there is no requirement of actual loss to complete the crime. PIERDERE DE FAPT – +ceasta +ceasta arata ca reclamantul sau partea vatamata, a suferit o pierdere a proprietatii sau a unui obiect de

valoare, fie prin inselaciune, u! de fals, sau printr*o alta actiune ilegala. Culpa de plastografie implica e&istenta unei intentii de frauda, ca element esential cu toate acestea, savirsirea unei infractiuni nu presupune neaparat o pierdere.

AD #ITEM - Comes from 'atin meaning for the >purposes of the lawsuit.> "or e&le, a guardian ad litem is a person appointed by the court to protect the interests of a minor or legally incompetent person in a lawsuit.

(****) * 6rovine din 'atina, insemnind 7in scopul procesului8. 2e &eemplu, un tutore ad litem este o persoana desemnata de ribunal, sa apere interesele unui minor sau o persoana incompetenta legal, intr*un proces.









































ADD-ON  Refers to an additional matter that i s added to a specific calendar at a time after the initial preparation of the calendar. calendar. (---- - 4e refera la o problema aditionala care este adaugata la un calendar, dupa pregatirea initiala a calendarului.

ADDENDUM – + thing added or to be added. ANE)A – n lucru adaugat sau care va fi adaugat.

ADDICTION – + person who has become emotionally dependent on the use of a drug and the effect is an

irresistible need to continue its use and has developed a tolerance to the drug and requires larger stronger doses. doses. DEPENDENTA – : dependenta emotionala de folosire a unui drog drog care are drept efect efect nevoia ire!istibila

de a continua folosirea lui si care s*a de!voltat o toleranta la drog si cere do!e mai mari si mai puternice.

ADDITUR – he power of a trial court to increase the amount of an award of money to one party made by #ury verdict, as a condition of denial o f motion for new trial. he defendant must consent to th e increased money award, the plaintiff need not consent.

(****) * 6uterea unui ribunal de a mari suma unei recompense banesti, date uneia din parti, printr*un verdict al #uriului, ca o conditie a negarii unei motiuni pentru un nou proces. 6iritul trebuie sa consimta la marirea recompensei, reclamantul nu tebuie sa consimta.

AD'ESION CONTRACTS – Contract where one party has no real choice as to its terms.

(****) * Contract in care una din parti nu are posibilitatea de a alege termenii.

ADJOURNMENT – o put off a court hearing until anot her time or place. AMINARE – + amina un proces pina la o alta data sau un alt loc.

ADJUDICATE – %hen a #udge hears and decides a case.









































ADMIN PER SE – 'atin meaning,“by itself, inherently.” R equires the 2epartment of Motor 3ehicles (2M3) to automatically

suspend or cancel the driver5s license of a driver whose blood alcohol content measures more than .AB, or who refuses to take a test to measure hisher blood alcohol level. (****) * 'atin insemnind 7 prin sine insusi8. Cere 2M3*ului 2M3*ului sa suspende sau sa anule!e automat permisul de conducere al unui conducator auto a carei alcoolemie masoara peste A.AB sau care refu!a sa faca testul de alcoolemie.

ADMINISTER  (9) to manage (0) taking a drug by in#ection, inhalation, ingestion, or any other means,

to the body for that person5s immediate needs. ADMINISTRA – 'uarea unui medicament prin in#ectare, inhalare, inghitire, sau pe alte cai, pentru nevoile immediate ale unei

persoane.

ADMINISTRATIE PROCEDURE – he way an e&ecutive government agency makes and enforces

support orders without going to court. PROCEDURA ADMINISTRATIA – Modul prin care o agentie guvernamentala e&ecutiva face si intareste ordinele pentru

spri#in, fara a merge l a ribunal.

ADMINISTRATIE REIE% OR *AR+  + review of the welfare of a child in long*term foster care by a panel of people selected by the state 2epartment of Dealth E Duman 4ervices (2DD4). he review is conducted at least once a year, in place of a @*month placement placement hearing by the Court. he panel reviews a report from 2DD4. he review is open to the parents of the child, parentsF attorney and childFs childFs attorney. INSPECTIE – : revi!uire a situatiei copilului aflat in plasament de adoptiune, de catre un comitet selectat

de catre 2epartamentul de 4tat pentru 4anatate si 4ervicii 4ervicii mane,(2DD4). Controlul este facut cel putin o data pe an, in loc de o data data la @ luniGGGG..Comitetul revi!uieste un rapotr al 2DD4. 1nspectia este accesibila pentru parintii copilului, avocatul parintilor si avocatul copilului.

ADMINISTRATOR  9. Man who represents the estate of a person who dies without a wi ll. 0. + court

official. (****)  Harbat care administrea!a proprietatea unei persoane care moare fara sa lase testament. : persoana









































ADMISSIB#E EIDENCE – -vidence that can be legally and properly be used in court. EIDENTA ADMISIBI#A – 2ove!i, probe care pot fi folosite legal la ribunal.

ADMISSION – 4aying that certain facts are true. Hut not saying you are guilty. (Compare with

C:<"-441:<). RECUNOASTERE – + declara ca ceva este adevarat, dar nu a spune ca esti vinovat. (Compara cu

M+RR141R-).

ADMONIS' – o warn, advise, or scold. AERTI!A – + sfatui, a convinge, a certa.

ADMONITION – +dvice or caution by the court to the #ury respecting their duty or conduct as #urors, and

the purpose for which evidence may be considered. AERTISMENT – 4fatuirea sau atentionarea #uriului de catre ribunal de a*si respecta sarcinile si conduita ca #urati si de a

respecta scopul la care servesc probele.

ADMONITION TO JURORS  %hat the #udge says to the #ury about w hat they must do and how they

must behave, what evidence they can use to make their decision (called >admissible> evidence), and how they can use that evidence to make a decision. SFATUIREA JURATI#OR – Ceea ce spune #udecatorul #uratilor cu privire la ce trebuie sa faca si cum trebuie sa se comporte, ce probe sa foloseasca pentru a lua deci!ia, ( numita 7evidenta admisibila8), si cum trebuie sa foloseasca acele probe pentru luarea deci!iei.

ADOPTION  he way to make the relationship between a parent and child legal when th ey are not

related by blood. ADOPTIUNE – Modul de a lgali!a o relatie intre un copil si un parinte care nu sint inruditi prin singe.









































ADERSAR" S"STEM * he system system of trial practice practice in the nited 4tates and some other other countries countries in which each of the

opposing (or >adversary>) parties has the opportunity to present and establish opposing positions before the court. (****) * 4istemul #udiciar in 4tatele nite si alte citeva tari in care fiecare din partile opuse, (sau 7adversare8), are oca!ia sa*si pre!inte si sa*si stabileasca po!itii le opuse, inaintea ribunalului.

ADERSE %ITNESS – + person called to testify for the other side. MARTORU# OPO!ITIEI – : persoana chemata sa marturiseasca m arturiseasca pentu partea opusa.

AFFIANT – + person who makes and signs an affidavit.

(****) - : persoana care care face sau semnea!a un 7affidavit.8 7affidavit.8

AFFIDAIT – + written statement that someone swears to under oath in front of someone that is legally

authori!ed, like a #udge or notary public. (***) * : declaratie scrisa sub #uramint, data in fata unei autoritati, cum ar fi un #udecator sau un notar public.

AFFIRMATION AFFIRMATION – %hen an appellate court says that the lower courtFs decision was right. CONFIRMARE – Cind Curtea de +pel spune ca deci!ia ribunalului a fost corecta.

AFFIRMATIE AFFIRMATIE DEFENCE – %hen a defendant or person responding to a civil case has a reason that t hat

would make him or her >not guilty> or not at fault and gives the court new evidence to prove that. he defense has to prove what it says (called HR2-< :" 6R::"). he defense has to e&plain this defense in their +<4%-R. (****) * Cind un pirit sau o persoana civila are o proba de nevinovatie si pre!inta ribunalului dovada respectiva. + pararea trebuie sa dovedeasca ce spune, (numita /R-+-+ 2:3-J11). +pararea +pararea trubuie sa e&plice aceasta proba in raspunsul ei.









































AGENC"  :ne person acts for or represents another by authority. 1n raffic, raffic, the department issuing the citation. AGENTIE – +utoritate abilitata sa repre!inte pe altcineva. 1n rafic departamentul care eliberea!a citatiile.

AGGRAATION – Circumstances that may be considered as magnifying, or adding to, the degree of

punishment. AGRAARE – Circumstante care sint considerate de a mari sau adauga la gradul de pedeapsa.

AGGRAATED ARSON – 2eliberately 2eliberately setting fire with specific intent to cause in#ury or damage

structures where defendant has been previously convicted of arson, the damage e&ceeds L?m, or at least ? residences were damaged. INCENDIERE INCEN DIERE PREMEDITA PREMED ITATA TA – + da foc in mod intentionat cu scopul vatamarii persoanei sau a proprietatii, unde reclamatul a

mai fost #udecat pentru incendiu, iar paguba depaseste L?m, sau cel putin ? case au fost distruse.

AGGRAATED BATTER" - nlawful use of force against another such as using a dangerous weapon. ATAC IN FORTA – "olosirea ileagla a fortei impotriva cuiva, cum ar fi folosirea unei arme periculoase.

AGGRAATED MA"'EM  Causing permanent disability or disfigurement with specific intent to

cause the in#ury and with e&treme indifference to well*being of other person . MUTI#ARE – Cau!area unei debilitati permanente sau desfigurarea cu intentia precisa de a provoca vatamare si cu o

indiferenta e&trema fata de binele celeilalte persoane.

AGGRAATED TRESPASS – nlawfully entering property of another with specific intent to carry out

prior threat of serious bodily in#ury. IO#AREA GRAA A PROPRIETATII PROPRIETATII – 1ntrarea ilegala pe proprietatea cuiva cu scopul de a duce la indeplinire o amenintare de

vatamarea trupeasca a cuiva.











































AGGREED STATEMENT OF FACTS  4tatement of all i mportant facts, which all the parties agree is true and c orrect, and which

is submitted to a court for a decision. (****) * : declaratie in care partile sint de acord ca toate faptele sint adevarate si corecte, care este data la corect in vederea unei deci!ii.

AGREEMENT  %hen the people involved in a legal dispute agree about somethi ng. ACORD – Cind persoanele implicate intr*o disputa legala cad de acord asupra unui lucru.

AID AND ABET  to help or assist, in committing committi ng a crime. AJUTOR – +a#uta sau incura#a comiterea unei infractiuni.

AIDER AND ABETTOR  :ne who has criminal intent and assists another t o commit a crime. INSTIGATOR – Cineva care are o intentie criminala sau a#uta pe cineva sa comita o infractiune.

A##EGE  o o say, declare, or charge that something is truce even though it is not proved yet. PRETINDE – + pretinde ca ceva e adevarat inainte de a se fi dovedit.









































A#IMON" – Money the court orders you to pay to a spouse or e&*spouse. (4ee 46:4+' 466:R). PENSIE #AIMENTARA – 4uma de bani pe care o stabileste ribunalul ca trebuie sa fie platita sotieisotului sau

fosteifostului sotiisot.

A##OCUTION – 2efendant5s statement to try to reduce punishment. A#OCUTIUNE – 2eclaratia reclamatului prin care i ncearca sa reduca pedeapsa.

A#TERATION, FORGER" B"  +dding, erasing, or changing a document with the specific in tent to

cause it to appear different from what it originally was intended to be to cheat another person. A#TERARE, A#TERARE, P#AGIERE – + adauga, sterge sau schimba un document cu scopul precis de a*l face sa para diferit decit cel

original, in intentia de a insela o alta persoana.

A#TERNATIE A#TERNATIE DISPUTE RESO#UTION (ADR – Methods of resolving disputes without official court proceedings. hese methods include M-21+1:< and +RH1R+1:<. +RH1R+1:<.

(****) * Meotde de resolvare a disputelor fara safie necesare procedurile # uridice. +ceste metode include in clude Medierea si +rbitra#ul.

AMEND – o add to or change a claim that has been filed in court.









































ANNU#MENT – + legal action that says your marriage was never legally valid because of unsound mind, incest, bigamy, being too

young to consent, fraud, force, or physical incapacity. ANU#ARE – : aciune #uridica prin care casatoria este declarata ilegala datorita lipsei de ratiune, incestului, bigamiei, sau

imaturitatii de a consimti, frauda, forta, sau incapacitate fi!ica.

ANON"MUS – %hen someone5s name is kept secret. ANONIM – Cind numele cuiva este pastrat secret.

ANS%ER – + statement that a defendant writes to answer a civil complaint and says what defense they

will use. RASPUNS – : declaratie scrisa de catre reclamat penru a replica unei plingeri civile civil e aratind ce probe va folosi fol osi apararea.

ANTICIPATOR" BREAC' – %hen a person who is to perform as set forth in a contract, clearly

indicates to the other party that he will not or cannot perform. INCA#CARE ANTICIPATORIE - Cind o persoana care trebuie sa onore!e un contract stabilit, indica in mod clar celeilalte parti ca

nu va putea onra contractul.

APPEA# – %hen someone that l oses at least part of a case asks a higher court (called an a n >+66-''+>+66-''+-

C:R>) to review the decision and say if it is right. his is called >to appeal> or >to take an appeal.> he person that appeals is









































APPE##ATE – Daving to do with appeals. +n +66-''+- C:R can can review a lower court5s (called

a >R1+' C:R> or >superior court.> 2ecision. "or e&le, California Court of +ppeal review the decisions of the superior courts. APE#AT – Care are de*a face cu apeluri. : Curte de +pel poate revi!ui deci!ia unui ribunal sau ibunal

4uperior. 2e e&emplu Curtea de +pel a Californiei revi!uieste deci!iile ribunalului ribunalului 4uperior.

APPE##ATE COURT – + court that can review how the law was used to decide a case in a lower court. CURTEA DE APE# – n irbunal care poate revi!ui cum a fost folosita legea, in hotarirea luata intr*un tribunal.

APPE##ATE JURISDICTION – he appellate court has the right to review and change the lower court

decision. JURISICTIA CURTII DE APE# – 2reptul unui ribunal de a revu!ui si schimba deci!ia unui ribunal.

APPE##EE – + person that answers an appeal in higher court. INTIMAT – 6ersoana care raspunde unui apel facut intr*un ribunal 4uperior.

ARBITRATION ARBITRATION – %hen a person that isn5t involved in the case looks at the evidence, hears the

arguments, and makes a decision. (Compare with M-21+1:<.)









































ARRAIGNMENT  %hen a person that is accused of committing a crime is taken to court, t old about the charges, and asked to plead

>guilty> or >not guilty.> TRIMITERE IN JUDECATA – Cind o persoana care este acu!ata de o infractiune este dusa la ribunal,

1 se pre!inta acu!atiile si 1 se cer sa plede!e 7vinovat8 sau 7nevinovat.8

ARREARAGE – Child support that is overdue or unpaid. RESTANTA – 6ensie alimentara neplatita.

ARREST – he legal capture of a person who is charged with a crime. AREST – Capturarea legala a unei persoane care este acu!ata de o infractiune.

ARREST OF JUDGEMENT – 6ostponing the result of a #udgment already entered. SUSPENDAREA SENTINTEI – +minarea unei #udecati facute de#a.

ARSON – he malicious burning of someone5s own house or of someone else5s house, or of someone5s

commercial or industrial i ndustrial property. INCENDIERE – +rderea malitioasa a casei personale, casei altcuiva sau a unei proprietati comerciale sau industriale.











































ASSIGNMENT ASSIGNMENT – Choosing Choosing someone to do something. something. sually forN forN Cases * when the court uses a calendar calendar to give (or

>assign> >assign> cases to #udges 'awyers 'awyers * when lawyers are chosen (or >appointed>) >appointed>) to represent represent #uveniles, #uveniles, conservate conservatees es or defendants and $udges * when #udges are sent (or >assigned>) to different courts to fill in while other #udges are on vacation, sick, etc., or to help with cases in a court. DESEMNARE – + insarcina pe cineva sa faca ceva. 2e obiceiN Ca!uri  cind un ribunal foloseste un calendar pentru a da sau a

transfera ca!uri la #udcatori +vocati  cind avocatii sint alesi sau desemnati sa repre!inte persoane #uvenile sau reclamati $udecatori  cind #udecatorii sint trimisi sau desemnati sa mearga la alte ribunale si sa tina locul altor #udecatori care sint in concediu, bolnavi, etc., sau sa a#ute la diferite ca!uri la ribunal.

ASSIGNMENT OF SUPPORT RIG'TS – %hen a person who gets public assistance agrees to give the

state any child support they get in the future. future. he person gets money and other benefits from the state. 4o the state can use part of the child support to pay for the cost of that public assistance. (****) * Cind o persoana care primeste asistenta sociala este de acord sa dea 4tatului orice pensie alimentara vor primi in viitor. 6ersoana









































ATTAC'MENT – (9) 2ocument attached to court papers to give more information (0) + way to collect #udgmentN by getting a

court order that says you can take a piece of property. SEC'ESTRU - 2ocument atasat de actele legale pentru mai multa informatie un mod de a obtine ce s*a stabilit prin sentinta prin

folosirea unui ordin legal de a lua o parte de proprietate.

ATTAC'MENT FOR DEFAU#TER – +

process by the court for the arrest of a person other than a defendant. (4ee ++CDM-<, H-
ATTEMPT – +n effort to do an act or commit a crime. TENTATIA – n effort de a face ceva sau a comite o infractiune.









































AUDIT – %hen records or accounts are looked at to check that they are right and complete. BI#ANT – Cind actele contabile sint revi!uite si verificate pentru a fi corecte si complete.

AUT'ENTICATE AUT'ENTICATE – o give authority or legal authenticity to a statute, record, or other written document. AUTENTIFICA – + da autoritate sau autenticitate legala, unui statut, act, sau orice alt document scris.

AUTO TAMPERING – he manipulation of an automobile and its parts for a specific purpose.

(****) * Manipularea unui automobil si a partilor componente, cu un anume scop.

AUTOMATED AUTOMATED ADMINISTRATIE ENFORCEMENT OF INTERSTATE CASES (AEI)  6art of









































BAI# – + security deposit (usually money) given to release a defendant or witness from custody and to make sure that they go to

court when they5re supposed to. CAUTIUNE – n depo!it (de obicei banesc), dat pentru eliberarea din custodie unui acu!at sau martor, care asigura ribunalul ca

acestia se vor pre!enta la tribunal la data stabilita.

BAI# BOND – + legal paper that you buy from a bondsman and give to the court instead of bail. he

defendant signs it and is let go. Hut if they don5t come to court when they5re supposed to, they must pay the amount of money on the bail bond. GARANTIE – : :bligatiune pe care o cumperi de la un garant, si pe care o pre!inti la ribunal in loc de depo!it. Reclamatul o

semnea!a si este lasat sa plece. 2aca nu se pre!inta la ribunal la timp, va trebui sa plateasca suma de bani pentru garantie.

BAI# BONDSMAN – 6erson who is responsible for paying the bond for the defendant5s release from #ail.









































BAI# RECEIPT – + written statement that the court gives a defendant that says bail was paid. C'ITANTA DE GARANTIE – : hirtie scrisa pe care ribunalul o da reclamatului confirmind plata garantiei.

BAI# REIE% – + hearing established to re*evaluate the bail amount that was originally set for the

accused. REI!UIREA GARANTIEI – : audiere stabilita pentru reevaluarea sumei grantiei, care a fost stabilita, initial pentru acu!at.

BA##ARD MOTION – + motion for psychiatric e&amination of prosecutorFs witnesses (victims).

(***) * Motiune pentru e&aminarea psihiatrica a marorilor acu!arii (victime).











































BASE TERM  + term of imprisonment selected by the court according to the 2eterminate 4entencing

'aw. (****) * n termen de puscarie selectat de ribunal, in de acord cu 'egea de 2etermin are a 4entintei.









































BENC' TRIA# - rial without a #ury. he #udge decides the case.

(****) - 6orces fara #urati. $udecatorul decide ca!ul.









































BIFURCATE BIFURCATE – o try issues separately, separately, such as guilt and criminal responsibility in a criminal proceeding

or liability and damages in a civil action. BIFURCARE – + #udeca situatiile separat, cum ar fi vinovatia si responsabilitatea criminala intr*un proces criminal sao obligatii si pagube intr*un proces civil.









































BOND – + certificate or evidence of a debt.

(****) * Certificat sau evidenta a unei datorii.









































BREAT'A#"!ER BREAT'A#"!ER TEST * esting someone5s breath to see how much alcohol is in their blood.

(****) * estarea estarea respiratiei cuiva pentru a determina cantitatea de alcool din singele si ngele lor.





























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































E)C#USIONAR" RU#E * he rule preventing illegally obtained evidence to be used in any trial. REGU#A DE E)C#UDERE E)C#UDERE - : regula care impiedica folosirea evidentei ilegale in orice #udecata.

E)C#USIE JURISDICTION * he matter can only be filed in one court. JURISDICTIE E)C#USIA - n process poate fi deschis doar la un tribunal.

E) CONTRACTU * +rising from a contract.

(****) * Care deriva de la un contract.

E)CU#PATOR" EIDENCE * -vidence which tends to indicate that a defendant did not commit the

alleged crime. EIDENTA DISCU#PATORIE - -videnta care indica faptul ca un reclamat nu a comis infractiunea de care este acu!at.

E)ECUTE * (9) o carry out all terms of a contract or court order (0) to sign (a document) (;) to kill. A E)ECUTA – 9) + indeplini toti termenii unui contract sau unui ordin al tribunalului 0) a semna (un document) ;) a ucide.

E)ECUTION - he name of a court order issued to a sheriff, marshal, or constable authori!ing and

requiring him to carry out the #udgment of the court. E)ECUTIE -
indeplineasca sentinta unui tribunal.

E)ECUTION OF SENTENCE SUSPENDED - 1mposing a sentence that will not be served. his is

frequently ordered in combination with grants of probation. 1f the defendant is subsequently found in violation of probation, the suspension will be lifted and the sentence carried out. SUSPENDAREA E)ECUTARII UNEI SENTINTE – 1mpunerea unei sentinte care nu va fi e&ecutata. +ceasta este ordonata

frecvent in combinatie cu o peroada de proba. 2aca reclamantul este in consecinta gasit ca violea!a probarea, suspendarea va fi ridicata si sentinta e&eciutata.

E)ECUTOR * 6erson or company named in a will to carry out the will5s instructions and requests. he

e&ecutor is usually supervised by the probate court. E)ECUTOR - 6ersoana sau companie desemnata intr*un testament sa indeplineasca instructiunile si cererile testamentului.

-&ecutorul este de obicei supravegheat de un tribunal de legali!are.

E) DE#ICTO * +rising from a wrong, breach breach of duty (4ee :R.)







































E)EMP#AR" DAMAGES - Monies awarded to the plaintiff that e&ceed the normal or e&pected amount. 4erve as punishment for

willful or malicious acts by the defendant, rather than act of negligence. (****) * Hani acordati reclamantului care depasesc suma normala sau asteptata. 4erveste ca o pedeapsa pentru actele voit rautacioase facute de reclamat in comparative comparatie cu un act de negli#enta.

E)EMP#IFICATION * +n e&tremely formal type of certification in which the Clerk signs the

certification of the document or record. he 6residing $udge then signs attesting to the fact of the identity of the Clerk, and that the signature is authentic. "inally, the Clerk signs again, this time attesting to the fact that the #udge is a $udge of that countyFs /eneral $urisdiction Court, and that the signature is authentic. (****) * n tip foarte simpl u de certificare in care functionarul semnea!a certificarea documentului. $udecatorul care pre!idea!a semnea!a apoi confirmand identitatea ofiterului si ca semnaturaeste autentica. 1n final, ofiterul semnea!a din nou, de data aceasta confirmand ca #udecatorul apartine de tribunalul de #urisditie generala al districtului si ca semnatura este autentica.

E)'IBIT * + document or an ob#ect shown and identified in court as evidence in a case. E)PUNERE – n document sau obiect aratat sau identificat la tribunal ca evidenta intr*un proces.

E)'IBIT, E)'IBIT, PEOP#E/S * -&hibit andor evidence that is offered by the prosecution.

(****) * -&punere sau evidenta oferita de catre acu!are.

E)ONERATE * o clear of blame or to relieve from responsibility. A E)ONERA - + indeparta vinovatia sau a elibera pe cineva de o responsabilitate.

E) PARTE * + court procedure with only one side. "or emergencies only.

(****) * : procedura legala cu o singura parte, numai pentru urgente.

E) PARTE PROCEEDING * he legal procedure in which only one side is represented. PROCEDURA *E) PARTE+ - 6rocedura legala in care este repre!entata o singura parte.

E)PERT TESTIMON" * estimony given in relation to some scientific, technical, or professional matter

by e&perts, i.e., person qualified to speak authoritativ ely by reason of their special training, skill, or fami liarity with the sub#ect. MARTURIA UNUI E)PERT – Marturie data de e&perti in legatura cu o problema de stiinta tehnica sau profesionala, e&. 6ersoana

calificata sa vorbeasca despre subiect ba!at pe calificarea sau pregatirea in materie.







































E)P#OSIEDESTRUCTIE DEICE – +ny substance, or combination of substances, the primary or common purpose of which

is detonation or rapid combustion, and which is capable of a relatively instantaneous or rapid release of gas and heat, or any substance, the primary purpose of which, when combined with others, is to form a substance capable of a relatively instantaneous or rapid release of gas and heat. E)P#O!I  P#AN DISTRUCTI – :rice substanta sau combinatie de substante al carei scop primar este sa detone!e sau sa arda

rapid si care este capabila de dega#area instantanee a unui ga! si caldura, sau orice substanta al carei scop primar, cand este combinata cu altele, este sa forme!e o substanta capabila sa dega#e instantaneu si rapid ga! si caldura.

E) POST FACTO * 'atin meaning, >after the fact.> he Constitution prohibits the enactment of e& post

facto laws. hese are laws that permit conviction and punishment for a lawful act performed before the law was changed and the act made illegal. DUPA FAPT - 1nsemnatatea 'atina 7dupa fapt8. Constitutia inter!ice aplicarea legilor 7dupa fapt8. +cestea +cestea sunt legi care permit

condamnarea si pedepsirea unui act legal inainte ca legea sa se schimbe si actul sa devina illegal.

E)PUNGEMENT * :fficial and formal erasure of a record or partial contents of a record. DISTRUGERE - 4tergere oficiala si teoretica a unui dosar sau al continutului partial al unui dosar. Circumstante atenuante.

Circumstnte care fac ca o crima sa fie mai putin grava, odioasa, sau reprobabila decat ar fi in mod normal.

E)TORTION * he act of obtaining the property of another person through wrongful use of actual or

threatened force, violence, or fear. E)TORCA - +ctul de obtinere a proprietatii unei alte personae prin folosirea fortei sau amentintarii cu forta, violentei sau temei.

E)TRADITION * Hringing a person that is in custody in one state to the authorities of another state where

that person has been accused or convicted of a crime. E)TRADARE - +ducerea unei personae care este in custodia unui stat in fata autoritatatilor unul alt stat, unde persoana afost

acu!ata si condamnata de o infractiune.

E)TRAORDINAR" %RIT * + court order, order, often issued by an appellate court, making available

remedies not regularly within the powers of lower courts. hey include writs of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition and quo warranto. ORDONANTA E)TRAORDINARA – :rdin al tribunalului, adesea eliberate de o curte de apel, care pune la dispo!itie remedii

ce nu se afla in puterea tribunalelor inferioare. +cestea contin ordonante de Dabeas Corpus (pentru garantarea libertatii individuale), madamus, prohibitie si qua garantie.

E"E %ITNESS * :ne who saw the act, fact, or transaction to which he or she testifies.







































FACTUA# BASIS * he underlying facts supporting a defendantFs guilty or <:': C: <-<2-R- plea.

(****) * "aptele d ba!a care sustin pledoaria de vinovatie sau <:': C:<-<2-R-, ale unui reclamat.

FACTUA##" INNOCENT -
offense. NEINOAT NEINOAT DE FAPT –
FAI#URE TO APPE AR * he act of not appearing in court after being presented with a subpoena or

summons. NEPRE!ENTARE – +ctul de a nu aparea la tribunal dupa ce ai fost somat sau citat.

FAI#URE TO COMP#" * he act of not following an order that is directed by the court. NECONFORMARE – +ctul de a nu se supune care este impus de tribunal.

FAIR 'EARING * + hearing in which certain rights are respected such as the right to present evidence, to

cross e&amine and to have findings findi ngs supported by evidence. AUDIERE EC'ITABI#A – +udierea la care sint respectate anumite drepturi, cum ar fi dreptul de a pre!enta evidenta, de a

contrae&amina, si de a face descoperiri ba!ate pe evidenta.

FAIR MAR$ET A#UE – he cash value price that the property would have brought at the time it was

taken. A#OAREA EC'ITABI#A DE PIATA – 3aloarea monetara pe care ar fi avut*o proprietatea in momentul cind a fost luata.

FA#SE ARREST * +ny unlawful physical restraint of another5s personal liberty, whether or not carried out by a peace officer. AREST I#EGA# – :rice restringere fi!ica, ilegala a libertatii unei persoane, fie ca este facuta de un ofiter sau nu.

FA#SE IMPRISONMENT * he unlawful restraint by one person of another person5s physical liberty. INTEMNITARE INTEMNITARE I#EGA#A – Restringerea ilegala a libertatii unei persoane de catre o alta persoana.

FA#SE PRETENSES * Representation of some fact or circumstance which is not true and is calculated to

mislead, by which a person obtains another5s money or goods.







































FA#SE TO$EN – +ny tangible ob#ect or a document that is not genuine, is not what it appears or claims

to be, and is intended to be used and is used to deceive the person to whom it is presented. DOADA FA#SA – :rice obiect tangibil sau un document neadevarat, care nu este ce apare sau pretinde

sa fie, si se intentionea!a sau este folosit sa insele pe persoana careia i se pre!inta.

FAMI#" FAMI#" A##O%ANCE * + small amount of money kept from the estate of the deceased to provide for

the surviving family members during the administration of the estate. INTRETINERE FAMI#IA#A – 4uma mica de bani pastrata din proprietatea decedatului pentru a intretine pe membrii, in

viata, ai familiei, in timpul administrarii proprietatii.

FEDERA# EMP#O"ERS #IABI#IT" ACT – "ederal workersF compensation law which protects

railroad employees. (****) - 'egea de recompensa a muncitorilor federali care prote#ea!a pe anga#atii cailor ferate.

FEES - + specific amount of money that5s paid in e&change for a service, such as filing a court paper. TA)E – : anumita suma de bani care se plateste in schimbul unui serviciu, cum ar fi deschiderea unui proces.

FEE SIMP#E * he most complete, unlimited form of ownership of real property, which lasts until the

current holder dies wit hout an heir. (****) * Cea mai completa si nelimitata forma d proprietate imobila, care durea!a pina cind detinatorul curent moare fara a avea un mostenitor.

FEE %AIER * 6ermission not to pay the court5s filing fees. 6eople with very low income can ask the

court clerk for a fee waiver form. TA)A DE RENUNTARE – permisiunea de a nu plati ta&ele legale. 6ersoanele cu venit mic pot cere functionarului de tribunal

formularul de renuntare la ta&a.

FE#ON" * + serious crime that can be punished by more than one year in prison or by death. (Compare

1<"R+C1:<, M142-M-+<:R). DE#ICT – 1nfractiune serioasa care poate fi pedepsita cu int emnitarea pe un an sau cu moartea.

FE#ON" MURDER * + murder committed during the commission of a felony such as robbery, burglary, burglary,

or kidnapping. TI#'ARIE – :morire care poate fi savirsita in timpul comiterii unui delict cum ar fi #af, spargere sau rapire.









































FIDUCIAR" * + person that acts for another person5s benefit, like a trustee or guardian. 1t also means something that is based on

a trust or confidence. (4ee also R4--.) FIDUCIAR – 6ersoana care actionea!a in folosul altei persoane, cum ar fi un gardian sau tutore. 2e asemenni inseamna ceva

ba!at pe incredere sau confidenta.

FIE#D SOBRIET" TEST * + method of determining whether a person is into&icated using a motor skills

test which is administered by testing the driver5s speaking ability andor physical coordination. TEST DE EBRIETA EBRIE TATE TE - Metoda de a determina daca o persoana este in stare de ebrietate folosind un test de abilitate, care este

administrat prin testarea abilitatii soferului sisau test de coordonare fi!ica.

FIFT' AMENDMENT * +mong other rights, the "ifth +mendment to the .4. Constitution guarantees

that a person cannot be forced to present self*incriminating testimony in a criminal proceeding. AMENDAMENTU#CINCI - 6rintre alte drepturi, +mendamentul Cinci al Constitutiei 4..+.

garantea!a ca o persoana nu poate fi fortata sa depuna marturie incriminatorie fata de sine intr*o procedura infractionala.

FI#E * %hen a person officially gives a paper to a court clerk and that paper becomes part of the t he record of a case.

(****) - Cand o persoana pre!inta official un document la un ofiter al tribunalului si documentul devine evidenta in dosarul sau.

FIND GUI#T" * "or the #udge or #ury to determine and declare the guilt of the defendant. A GASI INOAT – $udecatorul sau #uriul determina si declara vinovatia unui reclamat.

FINDING * %hen a #udicial officer or #ury says something is a fact. DESCOPERIRE - Cand un ofiter #udecatoresc sau #uriul declara ceva ca fiind fapt.

FINDINGS OF FACT - +n oral or written statement by a #udge after a review of the evidence stating that

the facts given are found to be true.









































FINGERPRINT * he distinctive pattern of lines on human fingertips that are used as a method of identification in criminal

cases. AMPRENTE - n sistem distinctiv de linii pe degetele umane care sunt folosite ca mod de identificare in procesele infractinale.

FIREARM * + weapon which acts by force of gunpowder, such as a rifle, shotgun or revolver. ARMA DE FOC - : arma care actionea!a prin forta prafului de pusca, cum ar fi pusca, pistolul, sau revolverul.

FIRST APPEARANCE * he initial appearance of an arrested person before a #udge to determine whether

there is probable cause for his or her arrest. /enerally, the person comes before a #udge within hours of the arrest, and are informed of the charges against him or her and of his or her rights to a preliminary hearing, to counsel, and to bail.
FITNESS 'EARING  + court hearing to decide if a #uvenile (minor) should be tried as an adult.

(****) * : audiere la tribunal pentru a se decide daca un minor trebuie sa fie #udecat ca un adult.

FORCIB#E AND ATROCIOUS CRIME – +ny felony that by its nature and the manner of its

commission threatens, or is reasonably believed by the defendant to threaten life or great bodily in#ury so as to instill in him a reasonable fear of death or great bodily in#ury. Murder, mayhem, rape, and robbery are all forcible and atrocious crimes. CRIMA ATROCE SI DE FORT FORTA A - :rice delict care prin natura si modul comiterii comiterii lui ameninta sau reclamantul reclamantul crede ca

ameninta ameninta viata sau cau!ea!a cau!ea!a vatamare trupeasca trupeasca in asa fel incat sa instighe!e instighe!e in el o teama re!onabila re!onabila de moarte moarte sau vatamare trupeasca grava. ciderea, mutilarea, violarea, sau #efuirea sunt toate crime atroce si de fortare.

FORCIB#E ENTR" AND DETAINER * :rdinarily refers to a summary proceeding for restoring

possession of land to one who has been wrongfully deprived of possession.









































FORFEIT * o lose, or lose the right to. 1n raffic  to forfeit means to enter an implied guilty plea and pay total bail to close a

case. CONFISCARE - + pierde dreptul la ceva. 1n trafic  sanctiune  inseamna sa intri o pledoarie de vinovatie si sa platesti

cautiunea pentru incheierea incheierea procesului.

FORFEITURE * %hen a person must give up money or property because he or she didn5t meet a legal

obligation. (4ee also H+1' ":R"-1R-). PIERDERE – Cand o persoana trebuie sa renunte la bani sau la o proprietate pentru ca nu a indeplinit o obligatie legala.

FORGER" * he act of claiming one5s own writing to be that of another. FA#SIFICARE - +ctul de a pretinde ca scrisul cuiva apartine altcuiva.

FORMA# PROBATION * Court*ordered terms and conditions placed upon a defendant instead of a

sentence. "ormal probation involves supervision of the defendant by a probation officer. 4ummary probation involves no probation officer the defendant is responsible directly to the court. PROBARE OFICIA#A * ermeni ermeni si conditii ordonate de tribunal plasate asupra unui reclamat reclamat in locul sentintei. 6robarea initiala

implica supravegherea reclamatului de catre un ofiter de proba. 6robarea 6robarea in instanta nu implica nici un ofiter de probare. Reclamatul este direct responsabil fata de tribunal.

FORUM NON CONENIENS - + doctrine patterned upon the right of the court in the e&ercise of its equitable equitable powers to refuse the imposition upon its #urisdiction #urisdiction of the trial of cases even through the venue is properly properly laid if it appears that for the convenience of litigants and witnesses and in the interest of #ustice the action should be instituted in another forum where the action might have been brought.

(****) * 2octrina stabilita pe dreptul tribunalului in e&ercitarea puterilor sale #uste de a rfu!a impunerea asupra sa a #udecarii proceselor chiar daca #urisdctia a fost a fost crect stabilita, daca se pare ca pentru convenienta partilor in litigiu si a martorilorsi in interesul #ustitiei actiunea ar trebui instituitaintr*un alt forum unde actiunea sr fi putut fi adusa.

FOSTER CARE * + program that gives money to a person, family, or institution to raise someone else5s

child.









































FOURTEENT' AMENDMENT * +mong other matters, the 9=th +mendment to the .4. Constitution prohibits states from

depriving any person of life, liberty, or property without adequate 2- 6R:C-44. AMENDAMENTU# PATRUSPRE!ECE - 6rintre altele, +mendamentul 9= al Constitutiei S.U.A. inte!ice fiecarui stat sa

prive!e orice persoana de libertate, viata sau proprietate fara un process adecvat necesar. necesar.

FRAUD * 2eceiving someone on purpose in a way that financially hurts others. FRAUDA - + insela pe cineva intentionat aducand in felul acesta pre#udicii altora.

GAG ORDER - :rders restraining parties and counsel to a criminal proceeding from talking about the

case to the press or public. ORDINU# *GAG+ - :rdine limitind partile implicate si avocatul la o procedura infractionala de a nu vorbidespre process cu

presa sau publicul.

GAMB#ING * he act of staking money, or other thing of value, on an uncertain event or outcome.

(****) * +ctul de a risca banii sau un alt lucru de valoare, pentru un eveniment anume sau pe un r!ultat.

GARNIS' * o withhold a debtor5s money, and turn it over to another in order to pay a debt. ypically, the

one withholding the money is the debtor5s employer. A#DAMAS – + retine banii unui datornic si a*1 da altcuiva pentru a plati datoria. 2e obicei, cel care retine banii este patronul la care este anga#at datornicul.

GARNIS'MENT * + legal process that allows part of a person5s wages or property to be withheld for

payment of a debt. (****) * 6roces legal prin care o parte a salariului unei persoane sau o parte a proprietatii pot fi retinute pentru plata unei datorii.

GENERA# ASSIGNMENT * he voluntary transfer, by a debtor, of all property to a trustee for the benefit of all of his or her creditors.









































G#UE SNIFFING * he act of inhaling glue in order >to get high.> IN'A#ARE A #IPICIU#UI - +ctiunea de inhalare a lipiciului pentru a se droga.

GOOD CAUSE * + good reason. "or e&le, a person must have good cause (better than not having a

car or a baby*sitter ) for not coming to a court hearing. O CAU!A BUNA – n motiv bun. 4pre e&emplu, o persoana poate sa aiba o cau!a buna (mai buna decat decat

a nu avea masina sau baby sitter) pentru a nu veni la process, la tribunal.

GOOD FAIT' * +n honest belief, the absence of malice, and the absence of design to defraud. BUNA CREDINTA - : incredere onesta fara rautate si fara intentie de frauda.

GOOD SAMARITAN RU#E * :ne who assists a person in imminent and serious danger, though

negligence of another cannot be charged with negligence in attempting a rescue. REGU#A BUNU#UI SAMARITEAN - Cineva care a#uta o persoana intr*un pericol iminent si serios cu toate ca negli#enta altcuiva

nu poate fi #udecata ca negli#enta de a incerca salvarea.

GOOD TIME * + reduction reduction in sentenced time ti me in custody as a reward for good behavior. 1t usually is one*

third to one*half off the ma&imum sentence. TIMP BUN - : reducere a perioadei de sentinta din custodie care este data ca urmare a unui bun comportament. 2e obicei

repre!inta o treime sau o #umatate din sentinta ma&ima.

GRAND JUR" * + group of 9@ to 0; citi!ens that listen to the prosecutor5s evidence of criminal

allegations and decide whether there is probable cause to believe a person committed a crime and to charge them with that crime. MARE#E JURIU - n grup de 9@ pana la 0; de cetateni care asculta la evidenta acu!arii despre acu!atiile criminale si decide daca

e&ista o cau!a probabila de a crede ca persoana a comis crima sau infractiunea si a o acu!a de acea infractiune.











































GREAT BODI#" INJUR"  1n#ury which involves a substantial risk of death, serious permanent disfigurement, or loss of function of any part of of an organ organ of the body. 1s a graver and more serious than ordinary battery. ATAMARE TRUPEASCA GRAA - 3atamare care implica un risc foarte mare de moarte, desfigurare permanenta grava, sau

pierderea functiei oricarei parti a unui organ al trupului. -ste mai grava si mai serioasa decat o bataie obisnuita.

GROSS NEG#IGENCE – + negligent act(s) which is reckless or flagrant and which is such a departure from conduct of an ordinary, prudent person under the same circumstances as to be contrary to a proper regard for human life or to constitute indifference to the consequences of those acts. acts. he facts must be such that the consequences of the negligent act(s) could reasonably have been foreseen and it must appear that the deathdanger to human life was not the result of inattention or mistaken #udgment, but the natural and probable result of reckless or flagrantly negligent act. NEG#IJENTA CRASA - n act de negli#enta care este imprudent sau flagrant si care este in afara conduitei normale a unei

persone prudente sub aceleasi circumstante, contrar respectului pentru viata umana si care constituie indiferenta fata de consecintele acestui act. "aptele trbuie sa fie astfel incat consecintele actului de negli#enta sa fi putut fi preva!ute in mod re!onabil si trebuie sa apara ca moartea sau pericolulu pericolulu fata de viata umana nu a fost re!ultatul unei #udecati neatente sau gresite, ci re!ultatul probabil si natural al unui act negli#ent, flagrant sau imprudent.

GROUNDS * + foundation or basis points relied on. MOTIE - : fundatie sau o ba!a puncte de spri#in.

GUARDIAN * + person appointed by will or by law to assume responsibility for incompetent adults or









































GUI#T" * + court decision that a defendant committed a crime. INOAT - : deci!ie #udecatoreasca ca reclamatul a comis o infractiune.

GUI#T" P#EA * %hen a person admits in court that he or she is guilty of a crime. P#EDOARIE DE INOATIE - Cand o persoana recunoaste in tribunal ca este vinovata de o infractiune.

'ABEAS CORPUS * he name of a writ used to bring a person before a court or #udge to decide whether

that person is being unlawfully denied his or her freedom. he term comes from 'atin. (****) *
'ANDCUFFS * Chains or shackles for the hands to secure prisoners. CATUSE - 'anturi pentru a securi!a pri!onierii.

'ARASSMENT * %ords, gestures, and actions which tend to annoy, alarm, and verbally abuse another

person. 'ARTUIRE - Cuvinte, gesture, sau actiuni care tind sa irite, sa alarne!e si sa abu!e!e verbal o alta persoana.









































'EARING, CONTESTED * + hearing held for the purpose of deciding issues or fact of law that both parties are disputing. AUDIERE CONTESTATA - : audiere tinuta cu scopul de a decide aspecte sau fapt de lege pe care le disputa amandoua partile.

'EARING DE NOO * + full, new hearing. AUDIERE DIN NOU - : noua adiere completa.

'EARING, PRE#IMINAR" * he hearing given to person accused of crime, by a magistrate or #udge, to

determine whether there is enough evidence to warrant the confinement and holding to bail the person accused. AUDIERE PRE#IMINARA PRE#IMINARA - +udierea unei personae acu!ate de o crima, de catre un magistrate sau un #udecator pentru a

determina daca e&ista suficienta evidenta ca sa imputerniceasca intemnitarea si retinerea pentru cautiune a persoanei acu!ate.

'EARSA" * 4tatements by a witness who did not see or hear the incident in question, but heard about it

from someone else. Dearsay usually can5t be used as evidence in court. !ON - 2eclaratii prin care un martor care nu ava!ut sau a au!it incidental in chestiune, dar a au!it despre

el de la altcineva. Jvonul, de obicei, nu poate fi folosit ca evidenta la #udecata.

'EIR - + person that has the right to inherit money or property from someone who dies without a will. MOSTENITOR - : persoana care are dreptul sa mosteneasca bani sau proprietate de la cineva care moare fara sa lase testament.









































'O#OGRAP'IC %I## * + handwritten will. he court needs to see proof of the person5s handwriting.
notari!e a handwritten will. TESAMENT O#OGRAF - n testament scris scris de mana. ribunalul necesita necesita o dovada a scrisului de

mana a persoanei respective.
'OME MONITORING * +n alternative to imprisonment where an individual is confined to his or her

home and monitored electronically. SUPRAEG'EREA DOMICI#IU#UI - : alternative la intemnitare unde individul este inchis in casa sa

si este monitori!at electronic.

'OME SUPERISION  emporary house arrest for a minor while awaiting the courtFs final decision.

+lso used as punishment after the courtFs final decision. SUPRAEG'ERE #A DOMICI#IU - +rest temporar la domiciliu al unui minor in timp ce se asteapta deci!ia finala a

tribunalului. 4e foloseste de asemenea ca pedeapsa dupa deci!ia finala a tribunalului.

'OMICIDE * he unlawful killing of one human being by another. OMUCIDERE - :morirea ilegala a unei finite omenesti de catre o alta.

'OSTI#E %ITNESS * + witness whose testimony is not favorable to the party who calls him or her as a

witness. May be asked leading questions and may be cross*e&amined by the party who calls him or her to the stand.









































IGNORANCE OF FACT- he lack of knowledge of some some fact or facts relating to the sub#ect sub#ect matter at hand. May sometimes be

used as a defense or ground for relief. IGNORAREA FAPTU#UI - -ste lipsa de cunoastere a unui fapt sau a unor fapte legate de subiectul problemei in chestiune.

6oate uneori sa fie folosita ca aparare sau ba!a de eliberare.

I##EGA# * +gainst, or not authori!ed by law. I#EGA# – 1mpotriva sau neautori!at de lege.

IMMINENT PERI# – Certain, immediate, and impending danger. PERICO# IMINENT - 6ericol sigur, imediat si inevitabil.

IMMUNIT" * + right right to be e&cepted from duty or penalty. (4ee also 6R131'-/-.) IMUNITATE IMUNITATE - 2reptul de a fi e&ceptat de la o datorie sau pedeapsa.

IMPANE# * o seat a #ury. %hen voir dire is finished and both sides have e&ercised their challenges, the

#ury is impaneled. he #urors are sworn in and the trial is ready to proceed. EMPANE# – + ruga #uriul sa se ase!e. Cand #uramantul m artorilor este terminat si amandoua a mandoua partile au e&ercitat atributiile lor,

uriul este empalat. $uratii depun #uramant si #udecata urmea!a sa inceapa.











































IMPRISONMENT – he act of putting or confining a man in prison, or the restraint of a manFs personal liberty. INTEMNITARE INTEMNITARE - +ctul de a pune sau a inchide o persoana in inchisoare, sau restringerea libertatii personale a unui om.

INADMISSIB#E * Cannot be admitted as evidence in a trial or hearing. INADMISIBI# -
IN CAMERA * + hearing held in the #udge5s chambers or in a court with all spectators (including the #ury)

e&cluded. "rom the 'atin that th at means >in chamber.8 chamber.8 IN CAMERA - : audiere tinuta in camerele unui #udecator sau in tribunal e&clu!and tot publicul (inclusiv #uriul). 2e la semnificatia

din limba 'atina 7in camera.8









































INDEMNIF" * 'iability for loss is shifted from one person held legally responsible to another. COMPENSATIE COMPENSATIE - Responsabilitatea pierderii este transferata de la persoana legal responsabila la alta persoana.

INDEMNIT" * +n obligation to provide compensation (usually money) for a loss, hurt or damage. INDEMNITATE - : obligatie de a oferi compensatie (in general bani) pentru o pierdere, vatamare sau pagubire.

INDEPENDENT E)ECUTOR * + special kind of e&ecutor, permitted by t he laws of certain states, who

performs the duties of an e&ecutor without int ervention by the court. E)ECUTOR INDEPENDENT - n anume tip de e&ecutor, acceptat de legile unor anumite state, care indeplineste indatoririle

unui e&ecutor fara o interventie de la tribunal.









































INDORSEMENT - hat which is written on the back of a negotiable instrument. 1t is also used with reference to writs, writs,

insurance policies, certificates of stocks, etc. AUTORI!ATIE - Ceea ce este scris pe spatele unui instrument negociabil. -ste de asemenea folosit in ca!ul citatiilor, politelor de

asigurare, certificatilor de aprovi!ionare etc.

IN FORMA PAUPERIS * %hen the court says a person does not have to pay a filing fee because the

person can5t afford it. 1n 'atin, means >in the manner of a pauper.8 (****) * Cand tribunalul decide ca o persoana nu trebuie sa plateasca ta&a de inscriere datorita faptului ca persoana respective nu isi permite. 1n 'atina, inseamna 7in the th e manner of a pauper.8 pauper.8

INFORMANT * +n undisclosed person who confidentially discloses material information of a crime to the

police, which is usually done in e&change for a reward or special treatment.









































IN'ERITANCE IN'ERITANCE TA) * + state ta& on property that an heir or beneficiary under a will receives from a deceased person5s estate.

he heir or beneficiary pays this ta&. TA)A DE MOSTENIRE - : ta&a de stat pe o proprieate pe care o primeste un mostenitor sau un beneficiar prin testament din

averea unei persone decedate. decedate. Mostenitorul sau beneficiarul plateste aceast aceast ta&a.

INITIA# APPEARANCE * 1n criminal law, the hearing at which a #udge determines whether there is

sufficient evidence against a person charged with a crime to hold him or her for trial. he Constitution bans secret accusations, so initial appearances are public unless the defendant asks ot herwise the accused must be present, though he or she usually does not offer evidence. +lso called "1R4 +66 -+R+








































IN PROPIA PERSONA (IN PRO PER * %hen a person represents himself or herself without a lawyer. his comes from the 'atin

for >in one5s own proper person.> (4ee also 6R: 6-R +<2 6R: 4-.) (****) * Cand o persoana persoana se repre!inta pe sine fara avocet. 6rovine din 'atina 7in proprie personae8. personae8. (3e!i (3e!i de asemenea 6ro 6er si 6ro 4e).

IN REM * + procedural term used to designate proceedings or actions instituted against the thing in

contrast to actions instituted 1< 6-R4:<+M or against the person. (****) * n termen de procedura folosit pentru a determina procedurile sau actiunile instituite impotriva unui lucru spre deosebire de actiunile instituite 1n 6ersona, sau impotriva personei.

INSANIT" P#EA * + claim by a defendant that he or she lacks the soundness of mind required by law to

accept responsibility for a criminal act.











































INTER#INEATIONS - he act of writing between the lines of a document. SCRIERE PRINTRE RANDURI - +ctiunea de a scrie scrie printer liniile unui document.

INTER#OCUTOR" * 6rovisional not final. +n interlocutory appeal concerns only a part of the issues









































INTESTATE - o die without making a will wil l or leaving instructions for disposal of your property after death. (4ee -4+-.) -4+-.) INTESTAT - + muri fara a lasa testament sau cedare ced are a proprietatii personale dupa m oarte. 3e!i 3e!i a

estata.









































IRRE#EANT * -vidence not sufficiently related to the matter at issue. IRE#EANT - -videnta care nu este suficient de repre!entativa fata de problema in chestiune.

IRREOCAB#E TRUST * + trust that cannot be changed or cancelled after it is made.









































JOINT AND SEERA# #IABI#IT" * + legal doctrine that makes each of the parties who are responsible for an in#ury liable

for all the damages awarded in a lawsuit if the other parties responsible cannot pay. (****) * : doctrina #uridica prin care fiecare dintre partile care sunt responsabile pentru o vatamare, sunt facute responsabile pentru toate pagubele atribuite unui proces, daca celelalte parti responsabile nu pot p lati.









































JUDICIA# COUNCI# - he constitutionally mandated body responsible for improving the administration

of #ustice in the state. he council is made up of #udges, court e&ecutives, attorneys, and legislators. 1t was established to standardi!e court administration, practice, and procedure by adopting and enforcing court rules. CONSI#IU JUDECATORESC - Corpul insarcinat prin constitutie de a imbunatati administrarea #ustitiei





























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































PURGE * o clean or clear, such as eliminating inactive records from court files with respect to civil contempt, to clear the

noncompliance that caused the contempt finding. A ISPASI - + curati sau a clarifica prin eliminare dosare inactive din arhivele tribunaluli in ce priveste nesupunerea civila a sterge

insubordonarea care a determinat acu!atia de nesupunere.

&UANTUM MERUIT * 'atin meaning >as much as he deserves,> and describes the e&tent of liability on a

contract implied by law. (****) * 1n latina inseamna 7atat cat merita8 si descrie e&tinderea responsabilitatii unui contract preva!ut de lege.

&UAS' * o overthrow, overthrow, to vacate, to annul or make void. A ANU#A - + rasturna,a goli, a anula, sau a anula.

&UASI JUDICIA# * +uthority or discretion vested in an officer whose actions are of a #udicial character. ASA !IS JUDICIAR - +utoritate sau discretia investita intr*un ofiter ale carui actiuni sunt de un character #udiciar.

&UID PRO &UO * 4omething for something giving one valuable thing for another.

(****) * Ceva pentru ceva. + da un lucru de valoare pentru altul.

&UO %ARRANTO * + writ issuable by the state, through which it demands an individual show by what

right he or she e&ercises authority which can only be e&ercised through a grant from the state or why he or she should not be removed from a state office. (****) * n ordin dat de catre stat prin care se cere ca un individ sa arate cu ce drept sa e&ercite autoritatea care poate fi e&ercitata doar cu permisiunea statului si de ce aceasta persoana nu ar trebui sa fie indepartata din oficiul statului.

RAP S'EET * + written summary of a person5s criminal hi story. story.

(****) * n re!umat scris al istoricului criminal al unei persoane.

RAPE * nlawful intercourse with an individual without their consent. IO# - +ct se&ual illegal cu un individ fara consimtamantul acestuia.

RAPE, STATUTOR" * 4ee 4+:RO R+6-.

(****) * 3e!i 4tatutory Rape.







































RATIFICATION

a previous act done either by * (he confirmation or adoption or adoption of a by the party the party himself or himself or by by another.

RATIFICARE - Confirmarea sau adoptarea unui act precedent sau anterior facut de catre partea in sine sau de catre altcineva.

RATIO DECIDENDI * he ground or reason of the decision in a case.

(****) * emeiul emeiul sau motivul moti vul unei deci!ii i ntr*un proces.

RE - 1n the matter of in the case of. REFERITOR - 1n ca!ul sau in chestiunea de.

REA# EIDENCE * -vidence given to e&plain, repel, counteract, or disprove facts given in evidence by

the adverse party. EIDENTA REA#A - -videnta data pentru e&plicarea, respingerea, respingerea, contracarearea, sau tagaduirea faptelor date ca evidenta evidenta de

catre partea adversa.

REA# PROPERT" * 'and and buildings. PROPRIETATEA PROPRIETATEA IMOBI#IARA - eren si cladiri.

REASONAB#E DOUBT, BE"OND A * he degree of certainty required for a #uror to legally find a

criminal defendant guilty. +n accused person is entitled to acquittal i f, in the minds m inds of the #ury, his or her guilt has not been proved beyond a >reasonable doubt> that state of mind o f #urors in which they cannot say they feel a persisting conviction as to the truth of the charge. DINCO#O DE ORICE INDOIA#A - /radul de certitudine cerut de la un #urat pentru a gasi in mod legal

un reclamat drept vinovat. : persoana acu!ata este indreptatita la achitare daca in opinia #uriului vina san u a fost dovedita dincolo de orice indoiala po!itia #uriului in care nu poate sa spuna ca este o convingere persistenta cu privire la adevarulacu!atiei.

REASONAB#E PERSON * + phrase phrase used to define a hypothetical person who e&ercises quali ties of

attention, knowledge, intelligence, and #udgment that society requires of its members for the protection of his or her own interest and the interests of others. hus, the test of negligence is based on either a failure to do something that a reasonable person, guided by considerations that ordinarily regulate conduct, would do, or on the doing of something that a reasonable and prudent (wise) person would not do. PERSOANA RATIONA#A - -&presie folosita pentru a defini o persoana ipotetica care e&ercita calitati de atentie, cunoastere, inteligenta si #udecata pe care societatea le cere membrilor sai pentru prote#area interesului propriu si al intereselor altora. +stfel, testul de negli#enta este ba!at ori pe omiterea unui lucru pe care o persoana rationala ghidata de o conduita considerenta le*ar face sau pe infaptuirea a ceva pe care o persoana rationala si prudenta nu le*ar l e*ar face.







































REBUTTA# * -vidence presented at trial by one party in order to overcome evidence introduced by another party. COMBATERE - -videnta pre!entata la #udecata de catre o parte pentru a respinge evidenta introdsa de catre o alta parte.

RECA## * Cancellation by a court of a warrant before its e&ecution by the arrest of a defendant also, a

process by which a retired #udge may be asked to sit on a particular case. A ABROGA - +nularea de catre un tribunal a unui mandat inaite de e&ecutie prin arestul arestul reclamatului. 2e asemenea un proces prin

care un #udecator pensionat poate fi chemat sa asiste intr*un anume proces.

RECEIING STO#EN PROPERT" – :ffense of receiving any property with the knowledge that it has

been feloniously, or unlawfully stolen, taken, e&torted, obtained, embe!!led, or disposed of. ACCEPTAREA DE BUNURI FURATE - 2elictul de a primi orice proprietate cu buna stiinta ca a fost furata intr*un mod

delictuos si illegal, luata, e&torcata, obtinuta, delapidata, sau inlaturata.

RECIDIISM  he continued, habitual, or compulsive breaking the law after having been convicted of

prior offenses. (****) * Calcarea continua, habituala si impulsive a legii dup ace persoana a fost condamnata de dlicte anterioare.

REC$#ESS DRIING  :peration of a motor vehicle that shows a reckless disregard of possible

consequences and indifference of otherFs rights. CONDUS PERICU#OS - :perarea unui autovehicul care arata nepasarea de posibilele consecinte si indiferenta fata de

drepturile altuia.

REC#ASSIF" - o change the #urisdiction of the case from 'imited (up to L0?,AAA) to nlimited (more

than L0?,AAA) and vice versa. REC#ASIFICARE - + schimba #urisdictia unui proces de la 'imitat pana la 0?, AAA de dolari, la
RECOGNI!ANCE  he practice which enables an accused awaiting trial to be released without posting

any security other than a promise to appear before the court at the proper time. "ailure to appear in court at the proper time is a separate crime. RECUNOASTERE - 6ractica prin care un acu!at care asteapta # udecata este eliberat fara nici o cautiune,

ci doar trebuie sa promita ca apare apare la tribunal la timpul potrivit omiterea de a aparea la tribunal la timpul potrivit constituie o infractiune separate.







































RECORD  he official papers that make up a court case. DOASR - 2ocumentele oficiale care compun un proces legal.

RECUSE  %hen you remove yourself or are removed from a criminal or civil proceeding because you

have a conflict of interest. "or e&le, a #udge can recuse himself because someone in the case is a friend or business partner. partner. A RECU!A - Cand esti inlaturat dintr*o procedura civila sau criminala, din cau!a unui conflict de interese.

2e obicei un #udecator se poate retrage pentru ca cineva dintr*un process este prieten sau partener de afaceri.

REDACT * o adapt or edit for public record. A REDACTA - + adapta sau edita pentru informatia p ublica.

RE-DIRECT E)A MINATION MINATION  :pportunity to present rebuttal evidence after oneFs evidence has been

sub#ected to cross*e&amination. E)AMINARE REDIRECTIONATA - 6osibilitatea de a pre!enta dovada combativa dup ace evidenta cuiva a fost supusa la

e&aminarea colaterala.

REDRESS  o set right to remedy to compensate to remove the causes of a grievance. REDRESA - + indrepta a remedia, a compensa, a indeparta i ndeparta cau!ele unei plingeri.

REFEREE  + person appointed by the court to hear and make decisions on limited legal matt ers, like #uvenile or traffic offenses.

(****) * : persoana numita de catre tribunal sa #udece sis a ia deci!ii in chestiuni legale limitate, cum ar fi delicate #uvenile sau de trafic.

REGU#ATION  + rule or order prescribed prescribed for management or government. REG#EMENTARE REG#EMENTARE - : regula sau ordin stability pentru administrare sau guvernare.

RE'EARING  +nother hearing of a civil or criminal case by the same court in which t he case was originally heard. REJUDECARE - : alta #udecare a unu ca! civil sau infractional facuta de acelasi tribunal n care ca!ul a fost #udecat in principiu.

REINSTATED * o bring back to a previous condition. %hen bail that had been forfeited, e&onerated, or

reduced is reestablished in its original amount.







































REJOINDER  :pportunity for the side that opened t he case to offer limited response to evidence presented during the

R-H+' by by the opposing side. RASPUNS #A INCU#PATU# - 6osibilitatea partii care a deschis ca!ul de a oferi un raspuns limitat drept evidenta pre!entata in

timpul combaterii partii opuse.

RE#EANT  -vidence that helps to prove a point or issue in a case.

(****) * -videnta care a#uta la dovedirea unui punct de vedere sau unei chestiuni intr*un ca!.

RE#IN&UIS'MENT  + forsaking, abandoning, renouncing, or giving o ver a right. PARASIRE - 6arasirea, abandonarea, renuntarea suu cedarea unui drept.

REMAND  (9) %hen an appellate court sends a case to a lower court for further proceedings (0) to return a prisoner to custody. REMITE - (9) Cnd o Curte +pelata trimite un proces la un tribunal inferior pentru continuarea procedurilor (0) a trimite

un detinut inapoi la inchisoare.

REMED"  he means by which a right is enforced or the vi olation of a right is prevented, redressed or compensated. REMEDIU – Modul prin care este aplicat un drept sau modul in care violarea, redresarea sau compensarea unui drept este prevenit.

REMITTITUR * he transfer of records of a case from a court of appeal to the original trial court for

further action or other disposition as ordered by the appellate court. (****) * ransferul unui dosar de la o curte de apel la tribunalul initial pentru continuarea actiunii, sau altei dispo!itii, asa cum este ordonat de catre curtea de apel.

REMOA#  he transfer of a state case to federal court for trial in civil cases, because the parties are

from different states in criminal and some civil cases, because there is a significant possibility that there could not be a fair trial in state court. MUTARE – ransferareaunui process de stat la un tribunal federal, pentru #udecare in procesele civile, pentru ca partile vin din

state diferiye in unele proceseinfractionale si ciile, pentru ca e&ista o posibilitate semnificativa ca #udecar a sa nu fie dreapta in tr* un tribunal de stat.

REP#EIN  +n action for the recovery of a possession that has been wrongfully taken.

(****) * +ctiunea petru recuperarea unei posesiuni care a fost luata in mod abu!iv.









































REP#"  he response by a party to charges raised in a pleading by the other party. REP#ICA – Raspunsul unei parti la acu!aiile aduse de catre partea opusa.

REPORT  +n official or formal statement of facts or proceedings. RAPORT – 2eclaratie oficiala sau neoficiala a faptelor sauy procedurilor.

RES - + thing an ob#ect a sub#ect matter or a status. #UCRU - n lucru un obiect o problema, sau o stare.

RES IPSA #O&UITUR * 'atin meaning >a thing that speaks for itself.> 1n tort law, the doctrine which

holds a defendant guilty of negligence without an actual showing that he or she was negligent. (****) * 1n latinaN ceva care vorbeste pentru sine doctrina care il face pe un reclamat vinovat de negli#enta fara sa arate in fapt ca persoana a fost negli#enta.

RES JUDICATA * + rule of civil law that once a matter has been litigated and final #udgment has been

rendered by the trial court, the matter cannot be relitigated by the parties in the same court, or any other trial court. (****) * : regula a legii civile care spune ca odata ce o prolema a fost litigiata si tribunalul a decis aupra uneui verdict, problema nu mai poate fi litigiata de nici una dintre parti in acelasi tribunal, sai in orice alt tribunal.

RESCUE DOCTRINE – Rescue doctrine is that one who has, through his negligence, endangered safety

of another and may be held liable for in#uries sustained by third person who attempts to save other from in#ury. DOCTRINA DE SA#ARE - +pare in ca!ul in care o persoana, din negli#enta proprie, a pus in pericol

pe altcineva si poate fi considerat responsabil pentru vatamarile sustinute de o a treia persoana, care incearca sa ii salve!e de la o alta vatamare.

RESPONDEAT RESPONDEAT SUPERIOR * >'et the master answer.> he doctrine which hol ds that employers are

responsible for the acts and omissions of their employees and agents, when done within the scope of the employees5 duties.









































REST * %hen a party in a case has presented all the evidence it intends t o offer. INC'EIERE - Cand o parte intr*un proces a pre!entat toata evident ape care a int entionat sa o ofere.

RESTITUTION * /iving something back to its owner. :r, giving the owner something with the same

value, like paying to fi& his or her property. RESTITUIRE - + da ceva inapoi proprietarului. 4au, a da proprietarului inapoi ceva de aceeasi valoare, ca

si cu ai plati pentru repararea proprietatii sale.

RESTITUTION 'EARING * + hearing hearing that may be requested to dispute the amount of restitution

ordered by the court. JUDECATA DE RESTITUIRE - : #udecata cre poate fi ceruta pentru a disputa suma de restituire ordonata de catre tribunal.

RESTRAINING ORDER * + court order that tells a person to stop doing something for a certain amount

of time, usually until a court hearing is held. ORDIN DE RESTRICTIE - n ordin al tribunalului care spune unei persoane sa nu mai faca un anumit lucru pentru o anumita

perioada de timp de obicei pina la #udecare.

RETAINER * +ct of the client employing the attorney or counsel. +lso, the fee the client pays when he or

she retains the attorney to act for him or her. A#EGEREA UNUI AOCAT, AOCAT, ONORARIU ON ORARIU - +ctul de a anga#a un avocat de catre client. Mai este de asemeni ta&a pe care o

plateste un avocat pentru a actiona in dreptul sau.

RETA#IATION  1nfliction upon someone in response to an in#ury that he she has caused another. REANSA - + recurge la represalii ca raspuns la o vatamare care a fost cau!ata de cineva.

RETURN * + report to a #udge by police on the implementation of an arrest or search warrant. +lso, a

report to a #udge in reply to a subpoena, civil or criminal.









































REERSE * +n action of a higher court in setting aside or revoking a lower court decision. INERS - : actiune a unui tribunal superior in a pune de*o parte sau a revoca deci!ia unui tribunal inferior.

REERSIB#E ERROR * + procedural procedural error during a trial or hearing sufficiently harmful to #ustify

reversing the #udgment of a lower court. (4ee 6R-$21C1+' -RR:R.) EROARE REERSIBI#A - : eroare de procedura in timpul unei #udecati care este suficient de daunatoare pentru a #ustifica revocarea deci!iei unui tribunal inferior. (3e!i (3e!i -roare 6re#udiciala.)

REOCAB#E TRUST * + trust that the grantor may change or revoke. TUTE#A REOCABI#A - : tutela care poate fi schimbata sau revocabila.

REO$E * o change or take back. A REOCA - + schimba sau a lua inapoi.

RIG'TS, CONSTITUTIONA# * he rights of a person guaranteed by the state or federal constitutions. DREPT CONSTITUTIONA# - 2repturile unei persoane garantate de stat sau constitutiile federale.

RIOT – + public disturbance involving acts of violence by persons where three or more persons are

gathered. REO#TA - : rasculare publica care implica acte de violenta acolo unde sunt adunate trei sau mai multe persoane.

ROBBER" * he act of taking money, personal property, or any other article of value that is in the possession of another by means of force or fear. fear. JAF - +ctul de a lua bani, proprietate personala, sau orice alt articol de valoare care se afla in posesia cuiva prin forta sau infricosare.









































RU#E OF COURT * +n order made by a court having competent #urisdiction. Rules of court are either general or special the

former are the regulations by which the practice of the court is governed, the latter are special orders made in particular cases. REGU#A DE #A TRIBUNA# - n ordin facut de tribunal tribunal si avand o #urisdictie #urisdictie competenta. Regulile de

la tribunal sunt generali!ate sau speciale prima este regula prin care este guvernata practica tribunalului, iar a doua repre!inta ordine speciala date in anumite ca!uri.

RU#ES OF EIDENCE * 4tandards governing whether information can be admitted and considered in a

civil or criminal case. REGU#I DE EIDENTA - 4tandarde care stabilesc daca informatia poate sa fie acceptata si luata in considerare intr*un ca! civil

sau criminal.

SANCTION * + financial punishment meant to make someone obey the law. "or e&le, a #udge can

order someone to pay for not following court orders. SANCTIUNE - : pedeapsa financiara care determina pe cineva sa respecte legea. 2e e&emplu un #udecator poate sa

ordone!e cuiva sa plateasca pentru ca nu a respectat ordinul tribunalului.

SATISFACTION SATISFACTION OF JUDGMENT - 6ayment of a #udgment amount by the losing party. SATISFACTIE DE JUDECATA - 6lata unei sume de #udecata facuta facut a de catre partea care a pierdut.

SEA#ING * he closure of court records to inspection, e&cept to the parties.

(****) * 4upunerea dosarului pentru inspectie cu e&ceptia partilor.

SEARC' AND SEI!URE * + person or place is searched and evidence useful i n the investigation and

prosecution of a crime is taken. he search is conducted after an order is issued by a #udge. PERC'E!ITIE SI CONFISCARE - : persoana sau un loc sunt cercetate si evidenta care este folositoare

in investigarea si acu!area unei crime este luata. 6erche!itionarea este facuta dupa ce un ordin a folst eliberat de catre un









































SE#ECTION AND IMP#EMENTATION IMP#EMENTATION 'EARING * he hearing conducted post*reunification

failure according to %elfare and 1nstitutions Code 4ection ;@@.0@, to decide whether to terminate parental rights and free the child for adoption, order a legal guardianship, or order permanent planned living arrangement. JUDECATA SE#ECTIA SE#ECTIA SI DE IMP#EMENTARE - $udecata condusa dupa esuarea reunificarii in de acord cu sectiunea ;@@.0@ a

codului bunastarii si institutiilor pentru a decide daca trebuie terminate drepturile unui parinte si sa dea copilul in adoptie, sa ordone!e un tutore legal, sau sa ordone!e aran#amente permanente de vietuire.

SE#F-DEFENSE * Claim that an act was legally #ustifiable because it was necessary to protect a person or property from the threat or action of another. AUTOAPARARE AUTOAPARARE - 6retentia ca un act a fost legal #ustificat pentru ca a fost necesar sa prote#e!e o persoana sau o proprietate

de amenintarea sau actiunea cuiva.

SE#F-INCRIMINATION * +cts or declarations by which one implicates oneself in a crime. AUTOINCRIMINARE - +cte sau declaratii prin care cineva se acu!a de o infractiune.

SE#F-PROING %I## * + will that is signed under penalty of per#ury by two people who will not get

anything from the will. Oou do not have to get an affidavit from the witnesses. (****) * n testament semnat sub #uramint de pedeapsa facut de doi oameni care nu vor beneficia de testament.
SENTENCE * + #udge5s formal pronouncement of the punishment t o be given to a person convicted of a

crime. SENTINTA - 6ronuntarea oficiala a pedepsei data unei persoane condamnate de o infractiune.

SENTENCE REPORT * + document containing background material on a convicted person. 1t is prepared to guide the #udge in the i mposition of a sentence. 4ometimes called a 6R-*4-<-
pentru a*l a#uta pe #udeator in impunerea sentintei.











































SENTENCE, CONSECUTIE * wo or more sentences of #ail time to be served in sequence. SENTINTE CONSECUTIE - 2oua sau mai multe sentinte de inchisoare care vor fi servite consecutiv.

SENTENCE, SUSPENDED * + sentence postponed in which the defendant is not required to serve time

unless he or she commits another crime or violates a court*imposed condition. SENTINTA SUSPENDATA - : sentinta aminata in care reclamatului nu 1 se cere sa petreaca timp in inchisoare decit daca

comite o alta infractiune sau violea!a o conditie impusa de tribunal.

SENTENCING * he hearing where the court determines a person5s punishment. A DA O SENTINTA - $udecata in care tribunalul hotareste pedeapsa unei persoane.

SEPARATE SEPARATE MAINTENANCE * +llowance ordered to be paid by one spouse to the other for support

while the spouses are living apart, but not divorced. (****) * : pensie care trebuie sa fie platita de un sot celulalt pentru suport, in timp ce sotii traiesc separat, dar nu sunt divortati.

SEPARATION * +n arrangement where a husband and wife live apart from each other while remaining

married either by mutual consent or by a #udicial order. SEPARARE - +ran#ament in care sotul si sotia traiesc despartiti unul de altul in timp ce ramin casatoriti

fie prin consimtamint mutual sau prin ordin #udiciar.









































SERICE OF PROCESS * he delivery of legal papers to the opposing party. he papers must be delivered delivered by an adult aged 9B or older that is not involved in the case and that swears to the date and method of delivery to the recipient. SERIREA UNUI PROCES - 1nminarea documentelor legale partii opuse. 2ocumentele trebuie sa fie inminate de un adult de 9B

ani sau mai in virsta, care nu este implicat in proces si care inminea!a prin metoda si la data stabilita sub #uramint documentele recipientului.

SETT#EMENT * %hen both sides reach an an agreement that solves the case before before the #udge or #ury makes

a decision. ARANJAMET - Cind amindoua partile a#ung la o intelegere care re!olva ca!ul inainte ca #udecatorul sau #uriul sa ia o deci!ie.

SETT#OR * he person who sets up a trust. +lso called the /R+<:R .

(****) * 6ersoana care stabileste o t utela. 4e mai numeste cesionar.

SEERANCE DAMAGES – Compensation, which may be recovered in the courts by any person who has suffered loss or

detriment as a consequence of being cut off from something (i.e. employment). PAGUBE DE SEPARARE - Compensare care poate fi recuperate in tribunale de o persoana care a suferit

o pierdere sau un detriment ca si consecinta a faptului ca a fost separate de ceva. (-&emplu..* +nga#are sau 4lu#ba)

SE)UA# ABUSE  ASSAU#T ASSAU#T * nlawful se&ual contact with another person.









































SE)UA##" IO#ENT PREDATOR PREDATOR * a person who has been convicted of a se&ually violent offense against two or more victims

and has a diagnosed mental disorder that makes him or her a danger to the health and safety of others. (****) * : persoana care a fost condamnata de infractiunea de violenta se&uala impotriva a doua sau mai multe victime, si care diagnosticul de bolnav mintal, care Kil face un pericol fata de sanatatea si siguranta altora.

S'ERIFF  -lected officer of a county whose #ob is to conserve peace within his or her territorial #urisdiction as well as aid in t he criminal and civil court processes. SERIF - :fiter ales intr*un sector a carui datorie este sa apere pacea in #urisdictia sa teritoriala sis a a#ute in procesele infractionale si

civile la tribunal.

S'OP#IFTING  he willful taking and concealing of merchandise from a store or business with the

intention of using the goods for oneFs personal use without paying the purchase price. FURT - 'uarea sau ascunderea voita de marfa dintr*un msga!in cu intentia de a folosi bunurile pentru u! personal fara sa plateasca pretul de cumparare.

S'O% CAUSE  + court order telling a person to appear in court and present any evidence why the

orders requested by the other side should not be granted or e&ecuted. (****) * n ordin de tribunal spunind unei persoane ca trebuie sa apara la tribunal sis a pre!inte orice evidenta prin care ordinele cerute de catre cealalta parte pot fi respinse.









































SO#ICITATION – /etting someone else to commit a crime. SO#ICITARE - + deternina pe altcineva sa comita o infractiune.

SOEREIGN IMMUNIT" * he doctrine that the government, state or federal, is e&empt to lawsuit

unless it gives its consent. IMUNITATE IMUNITATE SUPREMA - 2octrina ca guvernul, fie de stat sau federal, este e&ceptat de la darea in #udecata daca nu isi da

consimtamintul.

SPECIA# CIRCUMSTANCE - +llegation that a case or charge warrants the death penalty. CIRCUMSTANTA DEOSEBITA - +legarea ca un proces sau o acu!atie garantea!a pedeapsa cu moartea.

SPECIA# ERDICTS – + verdict that gives a written finding for each issue, leaving the application of

the law to the #udge. ERDICTE SPECIA#E - 3erdict care da o hotarire in scris pentru fiecare problema l asind aplicarea legii

in seama #udecatorului.

SPECIFIC INTENT CRIME - + crime which requires a specific mental state. INFRACTIUNE CU INTENTI SPECIFICA - : infractiune care presupune o anumita st are mentala.









































SPOUSA# SUPPORT - Court*ordered support of a spouse or e&*spouse also called > maintenance> or

>alimony.> PENSIE A#IMENTARA - 6ensie ordonata de tribunal pentru sotsotie sau e& sotsotie.

SPOUSECO'ABITANT BEATING – 4ee 2:M-41C 31:'-
STA#$ING – he act or an instance of following another by stealth the offense of following or loitering

near another, often surreptitiously, with the purpose of annoying or harassing that person or committing a further crime such as assault or battery. battery. A URMARI - +ctul sau faptul de a urmari pe cineva in secret infractiunea de a urmari sau a !abovi in #urul cuiva, adesea pe furis, cu scopul de a infuria sau hartui persoana sau a comite o i nfractiune cum ar fi un asalt sau bataie.

STANDARD OF PROOF * here are essentially three standards of proof applicable in most court proceedings. 1n criminal cases, the offense must be proven H-O:<2 + R-+4:<+H'- 2:H, the highest standard. 1n civil cases and neglect and dependency proceedings, the lowest standard applies by a mere 6R-6:<2-R+
(****) * -&ista trei standarde esentiale de dovedire aplicabile in cele mai multe proceduri #udecatoresti. 1n ca!urile criminale, delictul











































STATEMENT, C#OSING * he final statements by the attorneys to the #ury or court summari!ing the evidence that they have

established and the evidence that the other side has failed to establish. +lso known as C':41
o si evidenta pe care partea opusa nu a putut*o stabili. 2e asemeni cunoscut drept +rgument +rgument 2e 1ncheiere. 1ncheiere.

STATEMENT, OPENING * :utline or summary of the nature of the case and of the anticipated proof

presented by the attorney to the #ury before any evidence is submit ted. +lso known as :6-<1
ca evidenta sa fie luata in considerare. 2e asemeni cunoscuta drept +rgument 2e 2eschidere.









































STATUTOR" ACTIONS  +ctions relating or conforming to, or created, defined, or required by a statute. ACTIUNI STATUTARE - +ctiuni care se refera sau sunt in conformitate cu, create, definite, sau cerute

de un staatut.

STATUTOR" STATUTOR" CONSTRUCTION * 6rocess by which a court seeks to interpret the meaning and scope of

legislation. (****) * 6roces prin care tribunalul cauta sa interprete!e insemnatatea si scopul unei legislatii.

STATUTOR" #A% * 'aw enacted by the legislative branch of government, as distinguished from C+4-

'+% or C:MM:< C: MM:< '+%. '+%. #EGE STATUTARA - 'ege stabilita de ramura legislative a guvernului care se deosebeste deosebeste de 'egea

Ca!ului sau de 'egea Comuna.









































STRIC$EN EIDENCE – -vidence that has been removed from the record. EIDENTA RADIATA - -ste evidenta care a fost eliminate eli minate din dosar.

STRI$E * (9) to delete delete or remove. (0) o dismiss an allegation before before sentencing. (;) + serious violent felony prior conviction that

is charged as a prior allegation, e.g. a second strike, or third strike. (****) (****) * 9. + sterge sterge sau a elimina elimina 0. + anula anula o declaratie declaratie inainte de darea darea sentintei ;. n delict violent, serios serios inainte de condamnare, care este considerate ca o declaratie cu precedent, de e&emplu prima sau a doua lovitura.

SUA SPONTE * sed to describe when a #udge does something without being asked to by either party.

'atin meaning >of one5s own will.> (****) * "olosit pentru a descrie ce se intimpla atunci cind un #udecator face ceva fara 1 se ceara de catre nici una dintre parti. 1nsemnatatea latina este 7prin vointa proprie.8









































SUBSTANTIA# PERFORMANCE – %here a party has honestly and faithfully performed the essential and material portions of the

contract and the only non*performance consists of technical or unimportant provisions. PERFORMANTA SUBSTANTIA#A - Cind o parte a indeplinit in mod cinstit si cu credinciosie partile materiale esentiale ale unui

contract si singura non*performanta consta in detalii tehnice lipsite de importanta.

SUBSTANTIE #A% #A% * he law dealing with rights, duties, and liabilities, as contrasted with

6R:C-2R+' '+%, '+%, which governs the technical aspects of enforcing civil or criminal laws. (****) * 'egea care se ocupa cu drepturi, indatoriri si responsabilitati in contrast cu 'egea 2e 6rocedura care guvernea!a aspectele tehnice de impunere a legilor civile si infractionale.

SUCCESSION - he acquisition of title to the property of one who dies without disposing of it by will. SUCCESIUNE - +chi!itionarea titlului de proprietate al proprietatii cuiva care a murit fara sa lase proprietatea prin testament.









































SUPPORT TRUST * + trust that instructs the trustee to spend only as much income and principal (the assets held in the trust) as

needed for the beneficiary5s support. (****) * utela care instruieste pe tutelar sa cheltuiasca doar cit este necesar pentru intretinerea beneficiarului.

SUPPRESS * o stop or put an end to t o someone5s activities. 4ee also -C'41:<+RO R'-. A SUPRIMA - + opri sau sfirsi activitatile cuiva. 3e!i de asemenea -&clusionary Rule.

SUPPRESSION 'EARING * + hearing hearing on a criminal defendant5s motion t o prohibit the prosecutor5s use of evidence alleged to have been obtained in violation of the defendant5s rights. his hearing is held outside of the presence of the #ury, either prior to or at trial. he #udge must rule as a matter of law on the motion. JUDECATA DE SUPRIMARE - $udecarea unei motiuni infractionale a acu!atului pentru a inter!ice ca acu!area sa foloseasca

evidenta care se presupune ca a fost obtinuta prin violarea drepturilor acu!atului. +ceasta #udecata este tinuta fara pre!enta #uriului











































TANGIB#E * Capable of being perceived, especially by the sense of touch. TANGIBI# - +ct de a fi perceput in special prin simtul tactil.

TANGIB#E TANGIB#E PERSONA# PROPERT" MEMORANDUM (TPPM * + legal document referred to in a









































TESTAMENTAR" TESTAMENTAR" GUARDIAN - + guardian appointed by the last will of a father for the person and real and personal estate of

his child until the child reaches full age. TUTE#A TESTAMENTARA - : tutela create inttr*un testament. utela nu e&ista pina cand moare persoana.









































T'REE STRI$ES #A%  'aw that sub#ects person convicted of felony who has two or more prior serious or vi olent felonies

to a life term in prison. (****) * 'egea care supune o persoana la inchisoare pe viata condamnata de un delict si care are doua sau mai multe delicate serioase sau violente.









































TRANSFERRED INTENT  2octrine under which original malice is transferred from one against whom

it was entertained to person who actually suffers consequence consequence of unlawful act. %hen one attempts to kill a certain person, but by mistake or inadvertence kills a different person, the crime, if any, so committed is the same as though the person originally intended to be killed, had been killed. (****) * 2octrina prin care rautatea originala este transferata de la cel care a intretinut intentia de rautate, la persoana care de fapt









































TRIA#, SPEED" * he 4i&th +mendment of the Constitution guarantees the accused to an immediate trial in accordance with prevailing rules, regulations and proceedings of law. JUDECATA RAPIDA - +mendamentul @ din Constitutie garantea!a ca acu!atul sa aiba o #udecata imediata in de acord cu

regulile, regulamentele, legile si procedurile legale dominante.



















































































































































































































































































































































































































DICTIONAR-JURIDIC-ROMAN-ENGLEZ.doc

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