Desmond Morris the Nature of Happiness

the nature of

happiness 1t last, a highy itelligen , serious explorao of a sbject as versal as it is mysteros a imating ad asiating read: T ms .

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W s ppnss, xcty? Dos t l  t rs sgt o  wbor cd? Or t m o  ogd-or bton? I T Nt r H ppss, Dsmod Morrs cks t qston do. Drwg o rso to xp t gb d t motoa  ors  togtprovokng xporo o t vros mys d ras o l knds o pp ppnss nss  om  bs bss s stt o t ovr ovr to t t ss ppss o  dost n v t high rcd b  drg takr T sgts  ts boo wll enabl  yo  yo to drstd t p9c o comt  your 

o Ro  h   h 01 ov l  c  y L Bok Ld. Th etio Th  etionn blhd n  Unud Kndo n y 8 Cathn Pac, oon SWE 6H 098641 T cot    Dsond Mr gn and ay cogh  by L ok  lga lga _" No p of s  y b pe or uz  y  or b ay m<. c o c g n g o b y fo   i  wh  po  on of h pbsh A CIP e r h    avab &  Brh L BN: I 35 35 57 2 Th ao  pbhr  b ga  y in inrma rmao a  t t   png  don p-da  Ag  onab  h et n  o of     pb,  n   c acp y ab  y onsrQlncs s   u hro o m on on 

  to: i   e p  ' M  Lu f j   des Ped  b  k Cdn

COTES 7

IRODUIO H SOURCE OF HAPPINESS

II

H CLASSFAO

3I

OF

HAPPESS

 ARE F HA

127

HAPIESS

149

DEFNTON OF

NODUCON

h ar  Ha ss

One u way o m me unhap is o eu me on ow o m my ife apper You wgaer om  ha  Natu  Hapinss  no one of oe efprovemen ra a ie o uy u no a roune of appnening exerie or aemp o enro you on oure o appeoag Nor wi i ai you in 'aeing your enurin appess w a genera appne queionnaire Wa i oe o s o prie  expaaon of e variou oures of appine  in  way  ep yu o ersa e eusve emoiona onion a we refer o n onary speeh a beng appy ten i i ha uneraing a may evenuay ep you o ive a happer e n oer wor tis book oe no preah o you inng ha you beave n a eran way o gan happine bu raer ve you kowee a yu an ue f you wsh o make you apper Tere i more han one way of aevg appines a ea as s engts an is weakneses Some way wi appe o yu an some wno



rdu

he peope who run ae n 'nreang your hane of ang happne mgh we be urred by queon uh a 'Why doe oane make a drugaddc happy? 'hy doe bowng peope o bi brng a ae of b happne o a ude-bomber or 'hy doe ning pain reae a rge of happne n a ad d ye hee are  vad quere f one  o underand he ue naure of happine Evey knd of happne mu be ondered  even hoe ha mo of  vew a repuve anoa or dangerou Ony whe we an he whoe ane of pobe  we hope o ge o grp wh he ruh of h ompex phenomenon

9

H SOCE OF HPPNESS



h Natr H ss

Te ru nure o ness s equen msun derstood t s on consed wt cntnent stscon or c o md. Te es w to e te dfernc s to scrbe conenen s  mod wn  s good we ss s e snsn w xerence w fe sudden gts r. t te ver momn wen somtng nd ens o us e   sue o moton  sensn f ense eur  os  seer deg  nd  s e mmn wen we re ru . Sd  dos no s vr ong. Inense pness s  trnsen eng senso We m contnu  fee good r que  w ut t jo en s quck os. s one cnc ut  le s rooged mser errued b ref mmns o ness.  w cuses ese ef neudes? To nd e nswr we ve o ook ck t h w our sces evovd over  mon ers ur rmote csors wre tdwlers fdng most on frus nus nd nscs. Lke oer monks te dd not ernc mn ek moments n ter do



he urce  Hess

es Bu en e ook  new eouonr roue, w rom  o er ose rees Te ndoned e more gene reee, u-ckng w o e n e rees d ook o e more srenuous, demndng esle o ck-uners on e s Ts swc demded  new men de Tere d o e  ncree n cooeron, communcon, negence, courge, nd e  o onenre or ong erods o me on  secc go Te cooeron w needed o dee owe re ms Communcon w needed o  ng seges nd orgnze e ccs o e se d k Courge ws requred; or  un rme o em o ecome  e redor requred serous rskkng o  knd en o our monke oreers  e rs sgn o dger, e c recon o  monke s o ee u no e se o e rees Our ncesors d o reress ose c resonses nd ce u o e zrds o unng n n enre new w Concenron w eeded ecuse, comred w ckng  u,

3

he Natre  Happes

illing pey is a long-tem actvty. Ou ancestos ad to deveop conceted focused pessence of a ind as new t piates In ode to cay out tis dangeous new feedng aten successy we so ad to becoe muc oe ateic: ungy fo vus pyscal actvity Oce tmpt, e ew element had t be inoduced ino ou soci ife  we ad to deeo food-shaing. o some eason best known to tei pesna teapss Holywod m poduces always seem o want to ptay pestoc ma  a vcousy compettie, saagey voent ben, foeve bbg s companons ove te ead n ee ba suabbles. Of cuse, suc incdets occasny t place d stll d bt  tey ad been te ode of te day we coud neve ae suvved as a speces in te ealest pase of ou evolutn Vlence wii e gup ad to be te exceptn t te le o tee wold ave been caos. Te dominant mood must ae been one of muual id coopeatio d sang Wtout it we cud neve ave pspeed.



Th u o Happ iss

Readig o newspapes today ad watcig o televisio scees, we get te impessio that we  iv i bta, vient times. But is is a distotion f te tut most as geat as tat f te ywod podes w gave s te g-g, hmptmp ves f  pmeva ests.  we take t act te poplatn levels we have aaed d e xeme leve of oewg t wic we e ow exposd we ae eay a astnsngy peacel, amicabe speces. If you dobt tis, ty cuting te tousads of miions f u beigs wo woke up is mong d made it thg te day wiot pnhng see in the ace Lcly fo ou speces, mst epe e lk ta cky  he ewstes, thee is a ty ity f e 6000 mi f s w d,  ae occasos, thow a bick  expode a bomb  eoug, at y ate, to keep te newscast led Bt we must eve lose sigt of the fact tat te vast majoiy of us, f mst  e me, ae mc me cnceed wit te est  hapness ahe ta dging in sme  d  cel.

5

he Nate Happ ie

Anothe consequence of ou switch to a hunting way of ife was a damatic cease n ou cuosty. We deveoped an aost obsession ue to expoe nd investgate the wod ound us One sees this  the playness of young monkeys, but by he me they ae aduls it sts to fde. We on the ohe hand, extend hs ldhood playness no adult life whee it mtues nto an e to alyze and cass e eements of ou envionment Oy n this way coud we have deveoped the necessay knowedge of ou tba huntng gounds nd the behaviou of ou pey speces. As a bonus, ou ntense cuos led to nvenveness, ou nventons led to innovtons, nd ou innovatons led o eooc dvces hese technologca advances eventualy  ae a miion yeas o so of moulding s tibal untes  oo us ove a statng new theshod. he peva hunte bece a fme. By contoling ou pey d mog  to s o nee, d by modg ou lnt foods nd conollng hose, oo, we eed a stae abo en hosnd yes go when,

6

he urce  Happie

for the rst tme we had a food supls. ood gettng had become so ecient at it w o longer necessay fo  membes of he ibe to be oved n t Ths meant that specialists cold develop patclar sls at a dramatc ate Ths neolithc revolutio saw vllags grow io tows d ows nto cities. Te smal tibal its became swolle nt spertribes Te powe crosy acor  hutys gea nvetveess  was now give   en Happness meant a new oy a new bable, a new mateal, a new gadget, a new fom f anspo a new style of bldng. Sadly, it so et a ew weapon and a new dgeon Te peael, b e  ow de conside e pssre. Many of hs behavo pattens  ned to he lt by hs new spebal exsence. Te ban ape  a ovea e and e made e terbe ges Hs sccess stry w g ead of  d he fnd t had o develop te new menalty eeded for s novel way of lfe T start wth, te delicate balance between



he Ntre  H ess

compeeness and coopeaion was disubed swii in faou of inceed compeiion. e lare populaions in e cien owns ad ciies ad become moe impesoa Bonds of iendsip were bei looseed ose idiidus wo becae loc leades wee able o use ei powe wi moe ulessness an befo Slae casses emeed. or e majoiy appess wn ino a sap decline Een e loies of acien Geece wose paises we ae so oen sini wee based on a slae sae ily aiosips also suffeed. I ou on ig pase we ad made a impoa bioloica sif owads paibondin In oer wods ou acesos became poed o fa in oe. is was a ial sep in e proecion of e sowowin youn  especially wen you ecal a e es were away fo o periods of ie on e un ad ad o be ily bonded o eir femes i ode o eun o e ome base o feed and care fo em d ei offspin In e ew uban sucue wi specialiaion ad diision of labou ain led o adin and

1

he uce  H e

bagainig  a way of life it was inevitable tat fly ties wold also become a atte of bsiness ate th love. Aned mages bece a new tading device ove bonds tat did not sit tem wee tlessly sppessed. oe napi ness spead in tis ot e of intmae pesonal elations. But te uman anm is ingy esiien. ey tie new social tends began to p  away om te cental emes of o bioogical ineitance, some inne steng n ou  natue eed to tg s bac aain And te spising feae of e last ten tosand yeas of te m stoy is at t as been  on stuge o etn to a soc cndition siml to tat in wic we ad existed in eistoic times. Smla, but not of cose, te se. ac new tecic advce as meant tat we ave ad to nd a new way of playing te game of being uman. I once descibed civation  a staid it cied on te soudes of te ned ape wic was so

19

he Ntre  H e

eay tat t caused blstes on s feet  tat eed rs a. e naed ape te man m s lys tryn o e ba to ts boocal norm but wthout gng up ts new tappngs. We are ade n ts decate oeraton by  aby tat stems om o lngustc deelopmens. Fo we hae become rea symbolzers. We not only se symboc speec but aso mae symboc euatons n eey spee of ou aces. d we e so od at symbolzng at we can expeence an ense apness om a sbolc success a apness jus as real  f we we enaged n te ognal pea model of w te sbolc ac s a copy o e a personal exaple one of my geat oys s on on a boo-ut Fndng a rae boo  despeately want ae a long sea acung t ad cyg  ome wt me s a symbolc equalent of a prmeal unt fo ey. Yes I sll need to unt becase  am man but no I do not ae o k a wd an o sats y cen bolocal untn rge



h ue  Hppiss

A v popoon of he ctves we engge n today e symboc subses fo he pmev hun hs beg s soon s he cu evouon emoved hunng  a suvv devce. As soon  suvvhutg vsed  w epaced by spo hng n wh wd bets wee sugheed   aste e of e ase w ned by e veo of bood spots. ate, when g ows nd ces beg o gow gge d gge he bn popton found sef ube o enjoy he e, so e un ws bough o he ctes n  couped fom e aen dspay. Te Coseum  bu  cent Rome, and huge umbes of  we bught hee o be sa fo the easue of he paced udece. O ts openg y, netee hunded yes ago, no fewe than ve ousand anms peshed s fom of aughe becme wdesped and s nges on n  moed fom s te Spsh gh And we  ow bout the anua buunnng n mpo, wc damcay eceaes the ges of e hun.



h Nt  H 

 y ctes sphug stshes  a vaey f fms as thgh he cvg pcess had eve cced. he hg uge s s stg  us that eve  e weyst cey  ca sl eplde  ts bld ogal fom ad peple sti eed help t ase the symblc euats  a me hme evel. pp he ld aea bd spts hav lagely bee eplaced b ea ball spts he suads f aml klles ave bee eplaced b eams of spsme. ch b spt has develped ts w hghly styled ves f the pmtve hu  fbl the pey has becme a gamuth tha has  be symbcally ed wh a ftbl Because the ge s t esy  ht w he msse t hs  be pteced  me he gme ectg hs ptecto s povded by the defedg plyes f a ppsg eam. Whe egh gs have bee sced (egh pey has bee kled) te wg tem f psedohutes caes ff  phy ad aes t bc t he bal heades whee t s dsplayed t he

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e ce  Haness

ib olowes om te boy o te ocl tow . is y oug edbe ss ymbo cy o te tbe  te bquet tht oow  get ootb rium. e tg ogy s cer eogh e de ve  hged bu the bs mood s s ere: te g ad stegy e c d dge e sc eor d jury e grup ooperto d boe  e cmctic mng   tge n  ey  ode sos voe ete g o hsig te wo dme eemets o the imev u.   w to wt te poes d expressos o ese, derous pies wtc e ctos  e yes d e ns wen  st-mue wig go s ored n  mortnt mtc. I dub  y mev uer ever e  e  with sh bdoe joy Moden sport hs eeed   bst om  ome hutg seqece eg to re momes o con y ess

3

he Nt H ess

For may of us these sporting vents may see ratr rud as sources of inspirig apiness We may prfer more sube and comp substiutes for the hut The bsnessa ooses to mak a killing n the city; te actor goes on stage to slay his audien; he chity workrs re dightd when hy hav rasd nough money to met thi target'; the politici anouces hat o rlive h suffri of he poor is his aim'; he rsar scientst deos his ife to tracking daw a cure for aer th artst ries to trap' on cvas the perft picre ad s on and so on Te os we use to exress our mor motiatons ae veag: kng sa a  rang down rap We ar  sboc hters weaig   hats ome of us war sevral a and nd hppiness in a vrie of pursuits (and there is other htng  pursut) Others rfer to spcaze ad may sped a whole ifetie doggedly ig ar a sie pry oe tpes of syboc hu an tae a oe

24

e ce  Hness

eme I am a pree vg  he houe  hch he Oxfod ngsh Dion a compe by r Jame Muray He pe over ry yea og o he huge co  h goa h mae pre, mu have bee o reach he e o e eer Z I  h grea ae a ee o a omea happe o a oe cover a e e a e ee  e a okg o e or o a he e  ever ve o expe ece he pure oy o compeg he eo o zymurgy Wha a cmac mome o happe a wou have bee appe mea may hg o dee ope a ye I ee o have bee eg gey o oe ype I have bee eg he appe a come om ag or bac e o hu o prey, hch ha bee a me a eevae o o ma g a ave pu oay. I have oe h becaue I eve a a gea ea o he uape e ee  ha bee caue by a o o  q  he  o o ma o u Thoe o  ho have

25

e Nae  Ha ess

reave ves  of vaety and aenge, w  vsbe  vsb e goas goa s a w we a a am our ou r effo ef for rss  we are te uk ones We an ve n he wa umas evoved to ve pang, strvg, aevng a rss Bu e agruura revouo ef a terre gh n a rge se  humn. Large numbers of ndvduas were ad  some ounres s are, odemed o endess, borg, reeve  n he es he work was t for grassewng ae bu no for tege, goa rened, nvetve me and wom W e dusra revouton, e suao grew wore For he faory worer here wast even a sk aoe he as he toed Ther jobs beame eve ore mdess, ad an sor o ed produt goa was beond them here was o oy o be ad n su abur We may have aboshed te rea saves of anent Greee, bu a we dd was o repae tem w the wgesaves of moder tmes For hem, omes of happness ad o e onned exusvey o aes ousde ter wor And yet t ws ther wor

6

e ce ce  Haness

ha bough home he bacon n ohe wod i a hei boing epeiive wok ha wa uppoed o be ubiuing fo the hill of he pimeval hun The mao pa of hei live wa pen in aiviie h wee inuling o he gea bain tha nele inide hei kull: he geae bain in he whole hioy of evoluion hi eible ebak fo uc a lage lice of humy met hat happin h o b fon i obbie an holiay in he one of hei live ahe han in i cene We ae loly oeing hi now bu fa oo oly venuay compue tenolog wil epae h wagelave wih unfelig mehanial lave o mo of he mindnumbingy imple duie d i i he ak of moden ociety o ee ha hi a he effe of eduing h amount of boingy epiive wok o a minimm withou educig ncoe he inceaed eienc of ou avaing nologie hould ake hi poible, b if we ihae he iuaion we may en up ih he nighae of houand pu ou of wok by

2

e Nae 0 Haess

eent, stike-oo obots The ossby o  new goden ge s thee o te tkng  ony the wod o pots oud ttt the moe imgte sts among us. It s gh tme tht tht ots took the toube to nd out wht knd o m spees humn bengs beong to nd wht mkes them ee hy om s gy ondensed stoy o ou sees t s e tht thee e  numbe o my soues o humn hiess The st s wht mght be ced get pness'  t nd tht stems om ou ent huntng st Tee s so Comette Hness', te joy o wnnng, tht  deed om ou so bkgod, s we eoed n sm tibes Oosed to ths s Cooetve Hness', bsed on ou need to supot one nothe to sue. We dd not ose ou od boog uges  to et dnk, mte nd kee wm  nd these e st esent to ge us ou ous oms o Sensul Hness' In ddton, ou nesngy omex



e urce o Ha ess

rn ge us mrn surces f Cerer Hness n wc cs f negence ecme er wn rewrds. Tese e sme  e mjr cegres f ness nd geer w  few ers e me u  se cscn f 'ess-es. I s wr mnng em ne  ne.

29

TE CCATON OF A

TARE ANESS e Aev

s h ee staes t antcpatory, t appettv  e consatory ng te kn of as we a  ntensely cos, eoatoy an nventve  we are constanty antcpatn new poects new experences an new chaens an ter contlaton maks s hapy hn, whn we start to wok at te, f or work s chalenn an vae, we enoy te busness of smpy en sy an proctve hen, at the n of eac vente, f we ae scess, we can noy an almost oasmc appness wt te sen satsfacton we fe A sort ase a we ae off aan

3

he Clsa  a ess

This is the hnters hinss tht stms rom or votio st s risktking edtors d it is er ht icesing he hiess  mkind i the te deds rge on ding moe d mo gt ws o cretig sboic eqivets o the cient hig tte with which to rocc o eg sohsticted outios If we i to do is d isted ree boedom d ustin the w m se me  the d boodstined sbstittes he hoice is ors but we mst ws remmber ht hiness is  eetig iig dnmi thig As I sid t th outset iess is ot wh thigs r good; it is w the re etig be Oe imot st o et hiess coces w high o set our sights. Some individs im  high d ve ot thir ives in  moe or ess emet sed disoited coditio s is t I cod hve be  oert iist / ost /gret ctor i it hdt b or m sick er /chid/demdig rter' sdom

33

 Ne o ness

Oers aim  w ad wase eir aens Tis is he  enjy singng bu   n gd enugh  fae a auene sme Ly  e s w  t g ug  ma ir pen The ruh  ha, e a ur mern are are sybic,  reay es maer w grand r w me r ams are s  as ey ae es we uree ser  be pr  a minr s ins he  a ajr ari, e wi aways be a aure  hmse£ And i a majr ars  e s a inr ris, he  may ai beause he eer  udeaes  majr r d neer sees mse  he   if a minr aris nws he is a mr aris ad aceps is ru e ay n be abe  sueed  a ar sws a aiee happness a is mes ee  a mar aris acceps a e as smeing grea  er en e ca die ise n  erae bgger an bgger heges And r ais yu ca rea niner r spkeeper r any her upain

3

CMPEIIVE APPNESS The Wier Because is has to do wih reach a triumhat coclusio it is related to the las category but there s a e fferece Taret Happe depes o reachig a ersoal gol but ot ecessarily at te epee of a rival With competitive haiess w s alwas a he eee of a rva usuay ouh he edre of hue effort I  alys ed by the elated codito of a heavwet boxer whe he is tervewed mmeatel aer w a ruellig eeroud cotest The face hat ha bee elled so brutally with blow er arr blow s there o your televso scree  close-u osively low wth hapies ad ri aely as though it had ust see a viso

3

e Nre  Hness

nstead of a ae goved st appoachg reeatedy wth te spee o ght and the foce o a sedge hame. It s a speca knd of se that we see on the faces o a wnnes egadess of how hey have us conquee the opponents and t s alost mossbe o mate I ec he nte Fans acon syng o e one dy I've go the scea aght but I a' get he sme' Quates of sng n momens of nns hapnss a the hardes fo ass and actos to aue u hey are que unmsakabe when we oseve them The most vcous eo of haness I have ome across s e ne  says Hppness s n agl sensaon arsn om conempag he sey of anohe I s mes us suer we shoud eca ta evey tme we augh a a joe we ae uy of  d veson of hs because n aos okes there s a vct whose scomot amuses us coutes o one d of baaa-skn o anoe A ess wryng om o  denn s: Hapness s a eas not she w ers  In both ese cses we ae eng w comeve

36

h l  H 

hanss, wh w shamlssy o sham ak ou hanss om ng on u. h xm fom o hs  of hainss s h mos unasan knd of .  s h hass of h sads an h o o h h ncon of ain on a hss vcim ovids h uma su of asu. I is h hssnss of h vim a s h ky o h aicar  of aciv. If h vcm an and dos gh bak, h asu s uind. Wha hy sk s com suugaon. his nsanly ansoms h sadis o h o no h domnan gu n h laonsh. hs maks him h owadn wnn, and h coninus o loi his siuaion y inicing ain on h viim. Each im h dos his h vsb sufrg of h vc nfocs h ous eing of ow ov oh ng. hs s h owads way of bing a wnn h a fou main soucs o hainss hrough cuy mna ou hysca ou, a d ud. Mna ou  oo on gvs au

37

h Ne  Hiness

to  tyrnnial indidul wo i in  poition o oil uperiori Te arognt toon te ou bo the higher mlitary rnk  the c impoe their rue o ubot who  n no poition to rette hee ubordinte n turn at ei weker companion in n ttempt t regain eir own elrepect er uffeing humition hi h beome known  the oebo kikd the t yndrome wher cruel art at t top o  oial iech d end at te bottom he mot omon vi e wv d chln who  too weak to ght b In the United State or eple wr arte o e ben kpt it  emed at e   two mllo ce o baed men pored to the pole uall There re now een hunred battered-women helr  tat country to pde anctuie for e wort e. Fi peren  te mele women in eri  egee om dmetic be Peple lig  app fe end to nk o t kd of lene a  e r S it i not

3

COOPRAV APPNESS he epe h  he oe d o he co e hae aways  o empe ou compeeess wh ooerao bcause, as ba aas we cou aely succeed as ioaed didus n addon o a deepseaed e o w, we ao eied  equay c, o ure o hel oe ohe Morss  o  crei or  u he uh i h eig ep s n our ae.  bng  happes  no becuse o-gooders hae augh us mora essons  how o behe, bu eau booicy we are ogammed o hep oursele by hepng ohes. ope eour may pp o e sess, b    i j    ompee behaour

9

e N  H ess

 we ga a suge o happness om, say, hepng our rends hs s because eouon has ensured ha rba members suor one aoher as a deence agans grop aure. A snge nddua coud no k a lae prey; nor coud a snge nd dua bud a hu, m a eas, or roec a sele men nddu memers o he prmea group could ony hre  he whole rbe  success  hs demded ace cooeraon. Psse cooeraon, oaned y threas and ulg, was no enough we had o go one sep rher. Een e mos domnan memers o he e  ose who had won he compee srugges  had o oer rewards o her suordnae n order o keep he gro workng ecenly ogeher. n modern mes, we see hs cooperae ure a work n may dere cones or mos osses, gg ther sa a payrse or a onus s a hppy eperence, whereas gg an empoyee he s or a py-c s no The ress ss, who, n wedng he carro and sck, aways aours he sck w suy rn ou o be a mserale nddual, abe,



h Clsscn o Hness

fo some peson eason to enoy he pleases of coopeatve happness n ival ways sma coopeative gestes c bing  stangely pleasing eetng moment of happiness  as when a dve n a c am allows a ca stck in a sdesteet into the man ow of tafc he wve of appecaton s wo a ot  t goed se of tton

O a gande scae thee  the wdesped phenom eon of dong good woks Some peope by smbolc mens ae ble to see the whoe of umty s membes of the pesonal tbe hey can hen se abot helpg e be on a mssve ale A hmantaan oganzations opeate on is bass he happiness they feel when povding od fo a stavn conty on the othe sde of e wold s based on the ablty to see them as n enson of thei own communty Ofciay they my  to be opeatng accoding to some moa  eligos code, t  eaty they e obeyng a mdied fom of n ancent, pmeval coopeative

41

The te  Happ ess

impetive' The re t being help ecue te hve been tugt  be help; the re beig elp becue ey beg   help pecies ere  a even mre extreme vesn f ti tpe  cpetve hppie Mny pele re ble  exte te cmpi  umi t her pecie Cer vtiit pe their lives yig t prtec cerin kis f nmls fr exici  n welfe wrkers  thei bet  ce f suffeng dmeic  Amg uch iiviu, he psin f helping he pecie frequen beces intene,  the gret ge f hppie t ccur we  cptive im i reture t the wil,  re anial s sv r extincin,  fr a is given eer livig cnitin, r  bdne p is f  new hme, i mee F hese pepe, he mbic equtin is seched t e limit with the pecte  dig  fr iba meme Suc i the pwe  m blic tugt tt e re e t wie  ces f pp



The Classf  Hess

ticy  s wy. Sge, howee, wen I evied people who e deeply involved in these tivties, I soo discoveed  wekness in the ook.  eoy hey shou e e cheer vus. They hve iresed he souces of ooperve hppess so grely ht hey shoul d eir lves iensel rewig. In re, wever hey e oen sessed  epressed sted f un w e  o eig knd on  grnd sce. I found  er emple of ths hen ineviewn  won wo h evoted er whoe lfe to svig y cs Over the yers se hd escued literlly uss of feles om strvion, dsese nd eig dehs. She hd set p  huge sctury   wi tey wee house gven med cre n d new homes. ver ct sved d success oused shold hve gven her  surge of ness, t sted l she coud t out e he cts se h ile to sve. Se ws r  cheerl nd ws iste uted y her es, re tn mde hp  e sccesses.

4

h Ntr £ H 

hs is h sk inhnt n a such acvtis h aims o th pocts takn ar so ig that thy can nvr b mt oth woman ori by  cu tant o a doy that sh obsv wn on hoiay in oth Aca, stting a pojct to sv hs dgh nm h ndd up wth ovr th thousa o hm on a ug arm compx a o whi a to b givn mica atnon ad hn had o  d and ard o  was suun by aty dos, a iving tstmony to h hvmns n vatg ima suing but a sh cou thik about w th ons si iing to b sav. vn  s boght hm a d addd huds o housds o hm to  a, sh cod not succ bcas as soon  s pai o an abusd oy, its own usd th mony o uy a youg on and stat gan Again s ha st rs  impossib ts This s aactstic o a w acivitis Th sus o appinss ar nry awys ovpow by pgs o sadnss o th knowg o wat



 Clssfc  iss

ha not bee achieved he ecet wth coopeave happine i to et oneelf ealtic goal, but ti i had to do The eaon fo thi dfuty i that e people o mal being helpe e not e  ee of a ml tbe of mited be, bu bolic equivalent of hoe iba membe A ymbo, thei numbe ae ot limited by the  aual be-ize of the ha pecie n peval time, when evouio wa layng down  ibo uitie, ha tibe wee vey mal ne emate ee them  oniting of ony eigh o a hued a twenty idiviual At the vey ot they w only hve onted of a few hud At hat cae, helpe i a pacia poiili ping the whole of hity o the whoe of e i wo, i oe matte o be uce y eod, oopeative hppie mut d  ppopate ae  wa bought home to me when  wa ivolved  e mang of  m bout the poblem of bnzaton cled  Humn Zoo  had aue

45

e Na o Happ ess

at te eormous sie o e ci supertie ad ad e eect o icreasing compeitieess and decreasig coperi rmatiy uaci te reaisip ewee tese wo asic uma uges I order o es is idea we carried ou a spe experime o e srees of bo ig ciies and sma iages Te roduer of e   oeered o fdown d ie iert on a ci aemet and te n oter day t do e same i a smiage We e appead o copse ad e y moioess on e paemen in a ciy cenre e w repeaey igored y e sressed uranies  tey uried abou eir busiess Some ooed awy d preeded no o see  Some ganced a is body d e wd aroud m oerig  e o is seemy sri form Dozes of ies psed  in s way efore aer about e minues someone pused e down d offered ep  In e iage i sar corast tere were ediate ofers o ep, as soo as te ae gure was spoed I order o e sure t ese

4

T Cassi  Haess

 were p reos e fg dow roue ws repeed l oer e llge Eery me ere w e se ues respose O he  oo,  old ldy eered o er oge o offer elp. Wt  beg se se be oer e prosre gre d sd:  ou re e n wo keeps olpsg Do come   e  up o e Ts ome reee h  lgs ee o erely dduy elpl bu  word d go ud te ouy   so ws n roube  eed sise Ts s he  of oopee beour t s  de feure of u nure d wh operes eey, ee ody roidg we e s1l  sml gops le or e esors.

7

GENETC HAPPINE The Reve thn he e of  oopeon hee s  spe soue of hghnesy hppess he oys of he epodue fmy un. The uge o epoue one's o knd  su  poe boog mpetve h suess n th endevou bgs momet of get genet hppness. Ea phe of he poess  fng n oe p-bodg gvg h d suessy eg the offspg  hs he poen o ee g wves of pme hppess. f goe e these k moents ee su  poe emoo espose th they esu n vvd memoy tes t st  feme o poe e hey tht sy whe hey go wong h met ss n so  fo  feme

4

 Clssfc   ess

Th lo or  rtr or  chld xcd ytg s  ordr trb ds bc o  gtc ctor old. T sc o rrodcto s t g o o gc trl to r grto d  or to wo do ot bl  t rlgo ro o th rl tr  t rsurg tog tt tr osrg w t ls rod  wt  gtc ortlt Flg  lo'   owr moto xrc  ur sc  o t t s rt om or o d . I  rd mtod t w or ct ctor dotd  ls l o hrgherrs th hc rto o  utg m d  oo-gtrg m crtd w rbls t wr kow to or rt socts  m d o wat to rr  h h smt w th o o  ht d tr ms d to wt to b r wh y dd o.  oluto o  wrl bod o t bw dl ls d  reor ld to sr t t w q h dso o bour workd cl.

49

h Na Hass

Bu here was more o ang n oe' h hs The seng u o r-bonds aso ad he eec o doulng he renl care o he osrng. A cl monke ba s reared sole b s moher A h u bab, wh s gre exended chdhood s reared   moher an s aher B oerng s growng nans aerna oe n addon o merna loe, he humn seces ws ale o ge sl a majo sura boos d roe he oung wh much greaer oecon. Ths gae he gre enlged h u ran e o become  rograe' wh exeences eoe sexual mur and adulhood arred on he scene Al hs was a al ar o he h u eoluona success sor nd resuls n a ajor new source o hum hanss h s lacng  oher ones an aes: he delrous haess o he oung lers durng he nense rocess o arormao Alhough loe d sx are nmael relaed  s er ha he jo o loe nd he jo o sex ar wo dsnc sensaons.  s ossbe o l  l wou hag sex ad o hae s wou lng n

5

e Cc o Hess

ove. The sensu appness of oveless sex can e powerl enough and te ore eterel pleasues of atonc ove have een weocuented ut  wen the two  cobned te esult n tes of eotona ntensty can e exposve an cn povde what ae oay te most acute oments of ppness kown to uman engs qupng our sees wt ths extree fo of pssonate expeence has gone a long way to hel n ensun the stenth of the paenta emotons tat follow naray upon the heels of sxual love When the paonde couple poduce he st y tere s agan  weng-up of owel lng oton. Both h fae and he moe ae ge c pgred to espond songl to e ava of  new opng d to pte nd n  is s et othe majo souce of genetc hapness The unusu ongevy of ou speces  geate tn t of ny othe knd of rmae  appeas o ve evolved n pat as a gandpaental suport syste To undest he need fo ts t  to

51

e Na  Haess

be remembered , unquel, te umn emle produces  seril ltter Oer prmte emes produce  bby, rer  o independence, nd hen str oer gn w he prn ce. Te shor cildood o heir ospr mkes is esble But wit hn oprin,  wole decde o cildood s been dded o the le cycle  owing or the progrn o e gint compuer  e skull  is crees  spei breedn problem or o species  u emes ied for their rs osprng o become independent beore srting to produce  second one is would drsc slow dow e repduce ye. he soluton d e cose o eouon w  erl e epende ospn s  res, he u eme mus ce e k o rerng  whole fly of un, o rng es bu  i  stte o prolonged dependenc

52

e Cassca  Haess

This eates a atenal uden so heavy that she needs  te elp se an get. The soution is te extended fmy' d e additon ot oy of a ptetive ahe ut aso of ang gdpaets Tis ipotant gadpaeta oe (so ofte  wakeed y mode ua onditios) eate yet note potent soue o get genet appiess: he oy of aing fo one's gandhild

5

SSUL HPPNSS he Heo Ma peope he ake ha br hem a momen of happine menio he svouin of  eous ea, a sexu exeene o oe oher peasure of he es r Johson s ha hpnes wa a goo vern The ree of he hedonis  h e hou l ve ouseves u o hee pmr boo peaues s oen  a ony  oe The mo nese om of ensu hppne , hou queon, e ors o spee n uvve hou a mve �bu rewr for he key mome o eprouon mong our eave, e monke an pes, he o is onned o



 Cassfa o Happ ss

te maes, t i hs it occurs i te femaes as we, ad thi diferee requires a expaatio. I ypica mokey ad apes e fae comes ito eat at t tme of ovatio ad is ivoves te dveopmet of a s wig ud er git Tis is visuay ospicuou ad excites e aes ho r to mout her ad copuate wit er We e me juats (usuy ar oy a few secods of atg)  reaces is momery pe of sexu happies ad wadrs of£ e fma raes o su max ad remas sexua used   peod of eat passes d her  weg es dow Now she wi os he s apptite d e to b sl atv uti er ext sweig ocs, i a mo's tme asmig se has ot eom prgat Wit humas, a ew matg syste ha voved The femaes do ot dveop ay sxua seigs ad giv o idiatio tt t a ovuatg Stragey,  hde is vi moet from teir aes Furhermore, they ema sexuay attractive



h Ntr o H 

ad ai  og x ppi  im whn h a o ovaing h a capab o xa aoa v whn h a mai o a pgna A ch im h maing c  o co doomd o b o-pocaiv h m o hav om oh cio   ha dig h co o h voion fm xali h b co-opd  p o  p-bodig poc; i h ia bcom ovmakig A aad mniond ic mo ad ap do no fom bdig pai b pic hm big do d h xndd xa acivit appa o ha bcom pa o h moioa cmn ha p o hod h cop ogh h h ma i wdd b bing b o hav x wh hi ma i o ovuaig h mal i wadd b bing ab o xpc  cimcic ogm a i a th of h mal So fo h hma pci, h poni fo xa hapin ha bn g id a  bioogic v I ha alo bn h highd b cual mblihm a imp xl acivi bcom

6

h Caf o Hpp 

reed o advanced d prolonged forms o ercsm. For hdeds of years ere e have been nsucon mnals avaabe ha descrbe he y posures movemens d cesses ha can be explored o rolog and nens the momes of h sexua hapness From he m   hcenury nda o te Ksey reports ad  J  S of e modern wesern wod, d couness works of sexu con om  ages ere s ways been a rc source of ormaon for ayone wsng o ncrease her sexual leasres em o res sch normaon have merely driven  underoud kg  om the eegantly eroc o he crudey ornograhc As a sorce o inese hu appness sexua acvty s fr oo bc o be restrced for vey on  s te same  ood d drk. Oban food hen you are saving or waer whe u are dying  hrs mus rovde momens o hanes as ene  ng ele aae. Foaely, mos of us never reach uc exemes bu we c s enoy te day leaures o he abe.

S

e Nre  Hness

Ev if w ar ot parcularly hngry or thrsy we oti to eat ad drik  sch is th intnsty of ths yp of ara atviy Jst  w hav largd or basc rprodct ctitis to vlop  advacd world of hu oticism, so av w belsd basc fding d drinng tvts o dvop th dvacd word of t gormt d th imbbr For thosads of yas t avors of or foods ad or dris hav b articiy ipovd in a dd difrnt ways aing si povd, wid foo of  id joyd by o cit acstos fo a iio yars is ow coparativly r Wi so Aic bs, it s sti poss oday to wac th itns appinss of  grop of ters wo idatey followig a ki procd to drn t prys ot bood dirt rom i fall body O a mch widr sc, t is also possbl to obsrv th oy of oystr-ats  ty dor thir shlsh iv Bt ths prmv forms o aig ar today th xcpto rathr th th r Most at s tn om modd, domst anals ad



h Cafc  Hap 

most boaca ood s obaed om mpoved domestc oms o pat Food pepao has aso bee deeoped o a ot whee mos tems on he me have bee ansfomed  some wy as pat of a gob movemet towads tes  g he happess of he pmeva acv o eag. The cookg of food sated bc   Od toe Age b at that sage was coed o the oastg of mea The,  the New toe Age abot te thosad yeas ago, bog d gdg wee added to o cay epeoe  st 'mpoved foods, ae asted mea wee sch hngs as podge, bscs ad ces By he ro ge, ao hee hosad yeas ago  eay Egypa wod have had he choce o ove thy dffeen kds of bed d cakes, ad moe tha a doze dfere vegetabes. As ctes gew ance cse was nceasgy eaboae and geat easts became a soce of gomet happess on  gand scae. Te peaaon of acohoc dks s aso ace

59

he Natr  Hass

Th ast ods o tiatd gapns dat o aound 60 BC  th Mid ast And th uias  h  innim B noyd as any as nit dt nds o b Stong spts appad at ing o ag about on husad yas ag usay ccocd by bd ons to i th tdum f i ibat nti xisn By t thtnt cntuy A, i was aady bg codd at th sa o appss  th btto f a gass was catg a sious soci pob O th cuis oh pasus  th sh ha iudd aius s of bathng oing ad assagg and ipod ig qip that ofd gat oot o th way T odst nwn bathtub found n th isand  C n th Mno paac at Knossos is isx und yas o It w pad in a batiy doatd ns bathoo n th qus apat nts and cay poidd h wth a ssua uxu appopat o h an n ancnt G xhaustd tas w o gtd with th

6

 Cassfa  Ha s

dli of  o b compnid by a no rbb do i prmd ol by hi Coml bahig  polar  aci Rom, nd Trih b ar ill i s o hi dy I modrn im  sl pmpr of th h bo s ro o a mor idstry d my popl d i  or of hpp o rl a i bodr o  ril (se pg 92)

6

CEEBAL HAPPNS The Inteecta Becaue he hman rain  become so enaed dng the curse f evoltin, i has nw eached he age where i ca creae a eeg o happie sipy by aying games wth itse£ These games var om he ms ivia - cad game d coputer ges  o e os roud: asc ceaivy d cetic resear. There are those wh wi ae that su avies ave a teio motive (winning a coes makg money or advcig ne' caree) ut these a yprducts The essence o  these eoccpatins is that they execse he ran and vove com tgh cesses hat ae at ae,  end in theseves



 lssc o Hpp ss

Scec reserc s  good exmpe o ousders, s s ws see as  cre ped procedre w udabe ed-gos  w bee mkd  re, s  sces w dm we pessed, e re rof rese s pg w ompced me pzes Beeg d s su o woe o e reserc ps  order o fcae  resear gr e rue pesre  carrg o resec es  e eecua pesre of skg ew quesos d dg ew swers e mome of ppess arrve, oe expec ed, we someg oe s dscovered s ma or m o ee mak f  does so, s s me  ous Frey, e grees scoees of  come o m g orsred, pp reser, bu om seemgy p, pur sec, oe for s ow ske Govere g-gvg bodes are o wys y awre of hs, wh e res  e ed p sposog  or dvces, we mssg ou

63

h Natr o Happ 

o h maor ons Scnss ar a thr bs whn y  l o hr  dvcs nding mom o tns cbral appnss as hy pay nds wh hr mar and wlylly ag our wold dramatcally  th procss Aga, wth sc ratv  grats av mns  o mad n th ara of sly poducd commrcal ar ut i  on rsal wod o n art Grat arss do not  abou how much a pang wl s or or hw mu t wll pl ohr popl y rk py or hmslvs on  h cra owld tha wha hy ar dog wl o b popular or v salab In hs nr lf Van Gogh sold ony o pctur y today hs works hav ftchd h hghs prcs a aucon o ay ars n h hsory o h world H was o drv by ulror movs bu by h passoa mdgams h was playg wh hmsl£ Wh ach w cavas h s out o cra mags ha sasd hm ad ga m a massv burs o crbral happss a h

6

h Cls o Happss

oe o successfu copeto Sa, any artists ean so uch of thesees that they n such omens o intense oy extreey rar But when they o occu, hey ake  the abour a epration worthwh  For those who enjo the resus of these arisic abous, ther is toa  enorous rage o possi bties or xpeiencing oents of ense aesec happiness Wit countess useums, xhbitions and t pubicatons aaabe to us,  hae no excuse if we aow his for o ceeba peasure to pass us by Te sae is rue of other art ors. Modern recorn techniques, for exape hae aance to su a state hat we co,  we wished, enoy he abstract son patterns at e efer t as usc, o waking to seeping eer y. At the ess ntense ee of poa indoor gas, the bain ses tse tasks that  w n fcut but not ipossibe The pressure is off in such cases beuse the gaes hae no eaning outside ther spec sphee Interesn, ths te o

S

 Ntr o Hppss

aciv s fa o big a oe pheoeo W kow fo achaolog ha boa-gas of vaous s hav b aou fo liall housads of as  hue-gah soces i ica wh h e ud fo he hu h passed  ga dal of h pa i plaig mahaca gaes ivolvig couig a saeg of usig i oe ha pebbls a holes scooped  h goud Ths phsoc pasie spad all ov ica  socaved xapls hav be foud i Egpia eps ag fo 1400 B. Toda i s of pla o beaul cav wood boads  is popua  lall huds of dffe bs d hs alos as a ave as bu i s o opula kow as Macala

 acie bod-gs cu h igl coplca G of Tw uas iscovee i h al os a U a ag o 5 B  Se  fore of backgo kow  2B Th if apese gae cl Go was og ve b he hise peo Su

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 Cafa o app s

who ed betwee 2255 ad 2206 BC  who dese  scaly  e e ece of  so The s- e of  or e orates m gt ad daes m 60 B. Mos os of  he dges lye o a board is obtedly chess ad oer the years t has exercsd soe of he mos rla ha bras I a be ayd or a les etee ceries; h ldestkow chessm carv from ory a datg om the secod cetry A were cey fod  Rss hogh t w oy desd o demostrate miary sraegy it was the Ara batle cry Shh M aig 'Th g s Dad ha gav s th  checkat) it has lo sice becom a gam  pre crebral actvty wh  ltror otve or raccal alcao The moms of ese haiess voled  as w makg a cleer expeced moe for examle  have o ale whaer beyod he game tsel£ M e sae s e wh oher or ames s a backgo ele cry) or (seeh

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 Ntr  Hppss

cen), ws  seenh ceny, cibbge seen een eny), bdge ( neeencen ene men of whis), do rodced  he nineeenh cen s  sened ersion of e cien Inn gme of pisi) Scbbe (nodued  1931 d  hos of oers Some peope see  of hese   ompee we of ime bece ey o no ed ywhee  ey  no supposed o do so They  mere deies h ow he pys o experence momen of ense ceeb hppess when ges e pyed we o e pss, ddng high ss o he pocedgs spy dess e i of he gms e inoo ges pzzes poide hge opou nies fo i foms of eeb hppnes These ange fom uizes  in-eses o su hings a he Rbiks e iened  1979 and osswod puzes (inened in 9 3 ompeg    e �  beome n  mno soe of hppess o ods of pope en ogh hey e y  h  does no me hem wines in  cones, bings hem no



h Cf o Happ s

c rewrd d ha o ume ogerm e It  purey  ed  e  exerce fr he r, wh he puer pg h or her w ag he dever of he roword



HYTHMIC HAPPINE e Dancer Ter is a speca kind o apne actd wit intensey rytmic actvtie We see ti n muic, dancing singng, aerobic, gymnatics, aetcs nd ven n su odd actvties as revvas regious ceebraton syncrnized swmmng dervi wiring vod possesn rtus, and miiary marcn Werever a uman actvt invoves  'be, tere is e potentia or dng onese carried  ito a strey vertignou sens o eupria  ineecua contr i abandoned and gvn ovr to te tyranny o te eat. Tere s  udden ure o peasure  te rytm ake hod and  ee s momenry oten Saring ti wt oters es o inteni t experenc



 Cassfa o Happ ss

Te an t te o onert wih teir arm i e ar, waying togeer om ide to ide; te oot a ntig d apng in yncroy i uport o teir ea; te gooeteg odier on eremonl duy; he ileelt aithl winging  d orh  ey y ogeter; te eal nt rang ogeter eroclly n he gymnium n erh o e urn:  exerene a niqe kind o ryti ie a a  ec uaity tey d ard to dee. etiy t ha to do wit ging onee u to a prie yc eno  wi the br wte o e ger cen or a we (nd wth th wg  epoy remoe  e  e  worrie o e dy d allow e mue o e ody o ejy  ong erie  eeny eated ao O core our ey e ae rytcy conoed y or etea nd reatng rate  aie we wre mored y eig ed  ad ort  ou ae or  or e . I olow a i a  we   e o whole oe  e ae y e e pg o omeg ly el.

1

h Nat 1 Happ

Som pop manag to go tgh hir who i wiho r ging hm r o i paricar knd of happin. Thy ar h on who cannot fac th thogh of n briy abandoning thir itca contro nd ting go For thm th ry concpt of hhmc happn wi b ain o thir thinkng En if thy attn a mic concrt i wi b to in o mic tha xcit h highr cntr of ir brain ortr mic withot a ady bat and wih compx ariaion in p d patrn. By con,  pr fomic of  ib gahng, anc ha, or pop concrt w, dpt i thmic aon, ry haiy on pog   rhm on bo i prormr d i n. In h mo xrm form fond a 'ra concrt  i i hmaic ariation  h mic hag bn impid o it mor hn a dafning, hmpig ba ndr t ii bombant, th rar way d gyrt i  tat tha   far rmod om inc db  i  poib to gt. Thi i rhmc hpp  it mo pr.



he Clsc 0 ess

Udeg s e o hess s  phsoogc reco o he body vovg  crese  he reese o edorhs hese e the bods r kers chemc reed o morhe, (he word edorh' s  corco o edogeos morhe meg he bodys r morphe d her mc s o cree  mood o eorc webeg her cvo moves dcy s he bod reches s hghes se o ese rhyc exresso, d s c hs bee sed o ex he exsece o w s ced he rers hg  d so h some exercsecs become so ddced o her eergec worko regmes Reserch  he Georg Iste o echoog  Aec hs however sggesed th  dere chemc, so reesed b eergec rhthmc cv es s e key cor voved  creg e rer's hgh I s  recey dscovered  regor ced dde ( erm derved rom he Ssk wo meg er ss d   bee ed o h hs sbsce s cosey reed o the cve grede  cbs



 Nat Happ 

he reserhers herefore ses h e hppess hh of he ercse  d he hppess hh of he ns mor e very smr cp perhps wh some rm h hs dscovery mh m h wrgs s cs-se mh ow so hve o be pped  eere exerse remes hey hve ee qk o sse  de of s s: I exercse here s  reso why he [dde] ssem s ved Oe s o de wh  psc sessr d he [dmde sysem s s purpose Smo m s  dffe sory hs s  r se of he sysem o eded  e sed hs wy y evo

7

PAIU HAPPISS h Mochst For any w-baancd ch nddu ths s h most dcult orm o happss to comphnd ow cn ann dop a stat o d tat uats pa wth ps? vot  dwd us wth a mrncy aarm ystm tat nds pan sgnas to t bran as a warnng tat w ar pycaly or mntaly at rs As cdrn, w ucy an to avd toung mtng tat s vry ot r xposng ousvs to taton tat caus mnta agony T s a t s-potcton systm tat hlps us to scap jury o dstrss t s t mst bac o srv systms ad on ca  t pratng vn og t wst rm o anma  And yt, dpt th som strang h adults trn hs systm on ts had and s



Te Nt o app ness

o pa as a mas o ag a s of saic pasr I barr sadomasosic rias, y hav msvs d p ad ba,  pysay ormd i ohr ays. Ths s a ra form of happiss b for hos ivovd i as a gra d, ad ao b gord.  a owr vl of isiy, hr is h ma masocis of h pri ad h prd. Fo hs iivda, happss coms  h for of slf da. Thy dvop a m ooo ha ss ay form of dg as dsgsig ad wid. If ag chocoa or icram provds a mor form of pasr, h hy ms b avoidd a  coss Major prs, s  ic s ad ag  sricy orbid. coo ms popl far oo happy, so  ms b ad. hs s  masoisi happss of h i hdos. h or ga, asr ad prohiiv  a b mad, h grar ir happss. I orig, hr aid is sy bor of h ary dsry ha hr popl ar hag  ad y



Te Clfc o H e

n.  hey cn hae  en eg ne m mew e cere  n ae prin. The ar  den emee peare   enjy e a f enia a a frm f ra er  new rnnemen f a ern peure eme acmpanie b a pg f mugy ae ane Th re ne egun n eay ecae  reh ee  elfagean  efreran ha reuc  fe f he mena m   ned e exerene a  a raey of hman exence. 

a hee ran fana   er wn e i heir wn che and heir wn mfrune   oe n ay  ere.  o fen h exreme anene f he an-eni  n cnne  h r her wn behair Aem are een mae  mpe  n eerne ee a we an a hi n  beme a erniciu nrn n e fe f ey a rge The American rna H. . Mencken  e  up we wen e ad here  ny ne hne e a e m f anm and ha 



Te Nu o Hppie

the se to nsh he an wth a seror caacty for haness: hen Prtans starts to take hod of a hoe ontry, n no ie at al here s a growng yranny of rohibied acites Han easres becoe anted as debached, dssolte, extraagant excesses. Pb gres and socia eaders, fear of beng aced of harborng wyward o saacio references, fee the need to ge ( secrety rectant sort to the waes of rancal rebeion hat they see sreading arond the Beore ong, the entire ctre has beoe infected and the anti hedonists hae won Ther seca for of asochstc haness has taken hod A casc exae of this n recent years was the re of the Taban in Afganstan, where een the oonace sorces of daiy haness sh a stening to sic, watchng teesion, danng, or isting the cinea were baned Fnding ent n iosng sery on others  th way sonds, serciay, raer ke sads,

8

h sfa o Hap ss

t this is ot the cse The primry motie o he prohibitors is no to e pere i hring ohers t rher o iect hem with he sme  o mschistic hppiness tht they hesees he come to eoy. hey wnt to shre their se-ei pleres wh eeryne ese el moists cme i seer orms There e h heth ics, he ieses, e eeers, he egs, he ti-smoker  he ceites ech with his r her ow speci cs  interest.  here re others wih  mre gener erest in prsig the gl wy  lie in  its pect O crse here is oe  sm price o py or indgig i the heistic pesres, b or the miserymers this price becomes eggerte  hosd times  hey dwe o it enessly Soethig they preer o igore is tht their cim to e geery heier th pett heiss is no spporte by the c A sy  peope who he mged to ie or mre thn  cery h reele tht  greter lgeiy is nt -



Te t o Hpe

tee by ay of th sel regmens Ieed, the mochstic tempermet that s eee or self ia sems to shorte life raher th nd  Ticay, e 0pl ivius sm to be rahr eeand-ey  e attes t foo k  other ic pleus Mame Je Cent, e Fren o  e oldest peron ve to hav ved,  g ea bo, smog ies a ig o foe gr d Pe� stew ugh out he og lfe Whn she eacd te age o 1 17  atempt  ae o stop he g por  smoking, bt she id her bst to o he ocors d  s ingig hersef whr sh go e ace, iht p to her dea at the ag o 122 o e air Mae Clmet  ver cessive n er pursit o pleasue bviosly, i you eat, k or smoke too mu, you hel w suffer But uy, i  become obsessivey sciplned   see, you wi also ru h rsks The ide soution i moraton raer  excess or enia

8

Te fcn o  e

Whav vgas ma cam hi  is i a o o ha o o who o a m a i Human s i o ov  varias   succ caus  ix ma a vga s o ca a hah omioos  houh h os ma  goo o avi ma s o  hum iog o ha smoig s a a   occa sioa c or - c s o a t   hm A ha g i s a , u a so of hol a  a  enia So i h n h xagga ssa ha rs haiss as on mn ism apas   far ss waig ha i raiios wo hav ou v hirs is a masi riggish om o hainss as on a is ha i  og  os mor ham  oo. Fia o xrm om o Pai Haiss that sa co  igo a is h suicia haiss o h os his s h ma frm o s-ii ai wh h igis

8

Te Nre �pp ess

fanatc ows hmsef (or herse to bts  order to kl an mam members of the eemy socety Th act s cared out n a state of blss an the mment of pesng the uttn s accmpane by a sue f unmgnabe happness, because the brawashed bober has bee doctrated wth the dea that to e  ths way s the path to hoy marydom tha w esure  sw psge   heaveny state of etern happness n the aefe he egus cncept of the aftelfe has a ot to aswer for



ANEROUS HAPPNSS Te RskTer Delerate ountary rskakng s a soure o appness for ertan dduas o d lfe ag  r enges As ready aed e rmea untn estene turned u anent esors nto reg kk ready to aep e g of pursung e pry We eame rae n a y tat  un  eedeg mys My peope tay are perfey ontent to aod as o braery and to enoy a uet e ta s as rskee  possle  some nd ts too tame  estene and rae te exteents of surg se psed azards Te aness omes, f urse

8

The tr o Hpp ess

ot  facig the chaege ut  successy overcomg t The moment of safety foowg he rsk is he time whe a sue of prmval appess courses hroug he veis. Thee e two wdey opuar forms of rsktakg oday: gamblg ad exreme spors. Gamblg puts he bak balace a risk but does ot damage e riskkers ody A g w t e roee e e poker ge the atoa otery the go prou he tombol or the races produces suc a ssive 'high for he iveerae gmer tt e 'lows are momerily forgote. uc s te mpact of this surge of happess hat t eiforces the gig urge eve f te toa wigs om the few 'hhs are ouweged te imes y e ot dec om he may ows. Wth exme spots he poso s raer det. A sie 'low hee c cos he risker s o her ife ad te game s ove fo good. Nay govermets  to protec people om her ow selfimpose foies by ouawig vaous daerous



he Clfn o pp ne

po,  hi f o op  moe adveno n No fo em e appvd of faiud n an ig-dipe iding, o oe eiouy, mounaincng and kiing Fo m iegaiy i amo a equied condiion of an exeme o fo i  povie e uiae joy of dange-uviva Mounaineeing up e id of all uilg, fo exampe o paauing om  op of , ae oh oular ang  ikaddicd inoi evn oug ee acivii ay incu e wa of  auoii mong e o geou of  e new exem po a oe a involve ing on  ouide f undegoun aiway cariage. I New ok  i known a uwayung and in Londo a u ung Yog en clg on o h op o ack of ciage d y o avoi g  off a e rain ped aong y do o alway ucceed, wi ea eul In cen yea ee a en an aming poi feaion n dangpo, d i a  in



e tre o pp ess

he esablse o orgazaos suc a he Dagerous or Club ad e xeme ors Assocao To gve some dea o jus ow ved e ques or s e o  haess hs becoe here s  ls o jus a ew o he sor volved.  re we-esblsed and leg ed ohers are no base-jumg bod-boardg brdge jumg bugeejug cag cave-vg dr-bordg ggdg e-boardg e surng ad-sang Le Parour mcrogg otan-ordg aragldg sd-boardg s ordg s-dvg ssurg sobodg see-sg see luge s ogo suodg we-boardg wewaer rang wg-wag d wgsu sg The exoens o ese sors are cear abou her movaons Te are o seeg ae or orune le mase sorsen Isead he have s her objecve e more hn e eceen o avodg e gers e ave osed o hemseves To erorm oe o er elos d come ou uscahed a he end o  s eough d hey have



Te Clf  pp e

moos s a Te key o appiess s eedom ad e key o eedom s corae ad 'Measre ie b he hngs a e our brea away  no by e nmber o breas o ke Tey are sca abo ose wo are oo sared o ake par i er acies adsg To aoid persoa ijry, carey oow ese nsrcios say inside, say i bed, do fa o of e bed, do ong b seep I seems neabe ha e more sociey sres o coowoo s abas, e more seek of daeros appess we sa see As we beome icreasny cosseed n a seabeed, seeme wor, here w aways be ose wo w rebe by expos emsees o e exlarao o ife reaein asimes Tis is ye aoer way n wic e gos o e crageous, rime uner ans  s.



ELECTIVE APPNES The sterc Ths is happness that depends on ignon the horrors of fe  around one. Peope ho suffer fro depreson eee th hey ae the on one wo  seeg e d in i e g d at hap peope  si sin  or deib on  he ere poe an p of exence The cnot underand ow anone c eer eno a oents hapiness when there are s ons, tote pon,  een poued enonent o waee paicuar dsaer area hey are ost concerned wth. Ths has ed see peope to dene happness n os uncopear er. No e a peson ha Entein refered to hapness a te deal of he

8

Te Clif o pp e

pigsy  wh y yuu  a phgaphs f  f h gra sa fac fac f  f    gis gi s yu ca s s  ha h was was xacy xacy a aug aughh a miu mi u  w  muc muc   appy a  appy icapa f swiig swi ig  ff ha ga ur ur f  f wg wg v v f a if mm Os w a simila viws ha  happiss as hysic vi ic i cc c uiigc uiigc a  sriy sriy f  f f fs s T is a upsi a a si  hysic appiss Th upsi is ha hs xhig h hyri pali  y mr    wi Th si si is t y ca ca as fr s u hm Bcaus y s  cg h pl a  ws a m, y   t is i a se se f b �ess ess Th  sayi sayigg u N g wi Rm  cms t  s  capl f  f havg a g m  wh wh isas is  au m Evuy Evuy f cus, i ca ca up wi wi  u f f  mm mm,, y y    igr i f y pp  hav ug a, hy may  fiv f igg h as,  v vy i ms hm  s

8

Te Nure Nure o Hiness Hines s

An elely Dc artis  once nw, wo lived ad pane in a small cotage in te mile of a fores, once said o m, f  dd evryng  ad o do,  wold never get aning doe a e mea was a if e kep is sdio sed n tiy elt fciny wi is corrspodnc, a pa atenion o ll te oter aly rva tat mos people consier essential o eir welleig, e wod vr av e m or gy to s a s easel paining is pcres His sye f pnng was fcl a emaning a took many ors of nns concenrion. f e a no ignore e oer aspcs of is daily life, is mportant wor wol ave sffere. t e was realy ony a semiystrc, ecase e  we f e fac t e  gnorg   e consiered o be a A boodied ysc is no ven ae of  e is oring e ages o lo  o cmpleely. Te smi ysrc, we gaining a power ppiness om eig ef o s reg wr nvereess as a fin worry at e a of is m aot 

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Te Cssf o Hpp ss

the cplce humm dtes he y y ght  be pefmg l eveyne ee ut s wly gnng n e t ee hs specl gol The s Fcs c  nohe exmple of sene wh w cpbe f gg the dy n hs psut p sut f  f the exty exty At the the tme tme le  hs lf l fee whe hs h s pntgs pntgs wee seg f f sevel mll mll  pud pudss e e e w w st ccup ccupy yng ng  sml bedstg m next to hs cmped stud Hs bth  n hs tiy tiy kten d te ms wee wee t by ned lgbubs At he celebtns f hs eghte bhdy he  gve bues f wes by wewshe but cented wyy ow dcs  I m not the st f pesn wh hs vses Een hs lundy hd t be ned f hm b hs t glley F mny ce cette e pep pe ple le tee tee s  stubb stubb  es esl l t wste tme n eveydy mtes nd se le cn shw  emkbe bly t bot t hg tt dstc them

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TANQUIL HAPPINESS The Meor Th s he for of hne h  ne  cnelon nd oln o he cre of he wo The er gol s o n  ner ece I  reed  he  cegor  here ere   delere hhcl or relgo shng o of the res f e word   rnng  on eel rher t  er eeng f wl roem T n eoe h e of hnes pers ot f ne wh re hmn re If h engs re  her er nure ctie riing lorory ns  of crot  ene he e h hgher e f concoes cn e

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h afca 0 Happ 

obaned by eg he md go b s hd o undesad om  evouonay on of vew o ypcay eneec ndvduals  seems ha eve f he medaos ae havng a happy me nsde he skus  s moe key ha eveyone ese s havg a mu beer me ousde whee he acon s he medos wod may be pevaded  a sense of seen  hs is oo psve fo mos of us here s no sue of emoion o ous eaon merey a quie feeg of deame Wi a deamen he medaors may we expeene a sense of am; fo some eope  coud  enormousy g shug  off m he caes of he o Bu for me  oun o  escape m ai aer  he dscey of a new ner eay For me d  spec fo e mjo of h begs e wod  oo excng a pce o be shu off by an ind ookng hoso  o be  hose o racie he puui of rqu hpiness  a seo peocao do have oe ge e he rs of  f ey have a -

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Te Na 0 Happ ine

cetly seree type o pesoalty oe that allows tem to stc o uma cuosty or log periods o tme they ca  te  successl  ter edtatios acee a ore proloe state o appiess tha he rest o us. For te more typcay actie uma beis tere are og strtes o atcpatio wth oly occa so peaks o tese sug appess ut  medtators ca truly d appiess  ter er searg te tey ca  teory sustai ts or uc loger perods o te. s is sed up well i e teachigs o udda. e key to is piosop is 'he Middle Way whch  bee se a olws 'Realizg bot te seldestructeess o tose o dey ter desres ad te sery o tose wo ollow teir esres te uda saw tat tere s a Mde Pat w s sply to lose oes desres I oter wors e Bdha reected the masosm o sef-dei d the may eitable sappot mets o the outa-ot eoist, ad ocse



The Clssifi o a iess

o e cenrl zone beween ese wo eremes Vew cicy is is o more   posopy f compromse of 'moern in l ngs: e de  ne k s good for ou bu wen wi o your live ec mi resnts nse of svge ones or mil ugences sed of eue oes Bu  is no uie w te ud  n mn e  no envisge Te Mie W   moere epressn of desire u rer of e loss of desre logeer Rer  seeng e 'specum of esi s  kin of se om o nbe o o uese e sw  se s wo oppose emes eween wc ere is  cmpee neu poin we o desi es     regon e n nds pece n  se of Nirv  eep ner feeling of eeom d no en f is c bing rui ppiess o e meior en  eory   e vge of beig longlsing rer n eeing Bu weer  is possie o mii ove  og

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e tre o e

pe, te testy f te sge f y tt te est f us feel e we expeece  pe mme f ppiess, seems utl Trul ppess, t  t e s, sus te lke te pece f det tut y f te uples tess f yg

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VOUT APPINESS The elieer eey rigios iiias caim o  a scia ki o spria hapess we hey experiece er mos reere momes I e iee moos eir o is aki o Tra aiess b  he eror o ther more passioae orms o worshp hei haess s mch more acie   sometimes ee eec Whe  mio Msl pgrims ra Mecca o grea hrogs o Chrisias rie a oes y o the icps exerece a moo o regios ecsay as hey  hemsees scmg o eei o heg oo o eir sce eiies The me b  es   thse es  sme sor  eao The y elme  s e o happess is a

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h Nt  Hass

tota, bid ait i e eets o a ticuar reigio.  aaytica toug, reasoed discussio, scieic deae, or ev everyday commo ses ered e scee,  wod be os  deitis ivoved ms b amigty ad aowr ad eir divie w ms  obeyd at  times A mass dmosraio by te ai oowes o ir dvoio o tei aicar godgur rovides t bes ace or xeriecig t breatess assio o sacred or siritua aiess. sseiay wa is aeig i suc cases is a switcig o, at u bas,  ogos iatie securiy, take ro ose momes we a tiy id es  ga ueig o iess i e teder, ovig ebace o a rotctiv, aowe are. s is soeig tat we a screy miss or ad more as w gow , and wic we cosciosy cotiue to desir throughout our ivs Our maturd egos ad our adu resosiiiis orce us o suress or die to cy out or areta aid Bu i we a d a ew kid o symboic suearet te

8

Te Clsfn  ppness

w  on gn njoy a  now trnfrmd  ifnti ro  s o id trfor t for ousds of yr  mor dis v b ow by arnl tl su  T Motr Godds T Gr Motr  rt Motr nd ltr on ar n unfortunt g a God  Ftr T u of mrn nd trnl n wn rfrrin to t dit  o bn borrowd by som of tir rvant  n  as of  l) Mtr Surors nd s) rits wo  msv Ftrs y ndivdu wo s bl of momnrl sus dng rson and of ng uon  surntur surarn for l my b bl to nd gr ins  t rvron to  trustng ds of nfny wn t m id  oml ft n i iologial rnt nd mmditly ru to  wnv troul tr u  srd urart r vr rn i t s ty r iab of dmortg any of  usu

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The Ntre  ppess

waksss  al uma pats Ty ma al wt th mssags a t acigs passd   t clde by astut mdle m wh gaz specal cmal gathgs at whic th ahl ca wk o ah up  a srd ass f zealus dev ad dve zy e sesas epecd by tse aul psu cile a al ugh h aithl  el waes f j pass tug t bods  t j gth  hug th ges, a te Deut appess  tu blvs ca b lkd It udeles yt aga te tt t wic uma lut as b a us t tey big t pcss y wc a amal acs aul stats while etag jul uals W a all ods l t wul sm   w we ae  u dag



NGATE HAPPNESS Te Suerer Sigmund reud avurd i rac, aying at Men try t btain ainess by eiminaing unains t is a s ru at being ecstaticy ay i ard t uain e ng erid an beg mieraby uay  an indiidua sustains a mar tragey in i ( r r) ie, uc a te   a arner r  e  a ci, e may nd e unabe t regin a state  ceern r a ery ng ime One min rr w et nibe r te de  i n w bsered t re ntirey in bc r te rt  i ie. n cmt cntrat, ad  managed t nat i n m e aws  dat, e wud ae et  uge urge  aines immediatey arward,



The Nte 0 ppne

bt hi itee feelig o joy wod o hae lated  a imilar way, he mierabe aermath of a biter diorce c eit for year, wherea he cotro abe otbrt o happie hat accompae the proce of faig i oe oo meow d oe i eoioal iteity ie ea wod owly bt it diipate appie more wi I i o  reo t tate  apie e  re  pcatio  e  etece  ere bewee or b d o dea he be we ca ope for i to have a plety coteted eace of md for mot of e te iterrpted oy by peak mome of o itei For my peope, hweer (eeciy he kd who eded  o red' co) ife i a gat deert of meta guh, wih y  ccaio oi of peaue r hem,  Feud poned ot e qe for happe i a e for  to exp heir  ad ate  or other, who lie i pyica raer t meal pai, happie come i he ape of a botle of paiiler he i i ime o take the pi agai,

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 Csfn  pp ness

the moment f relief m he prolonged pain is te classic moment of 'negaive happiness. For hose wh are heahy, eng pan-ee is he norm an s barely ntice Bu for e chronicaly  momens of panrelef brn them up to what is for hem a pe of happiness The suerers peak is the ahletes baselne. Fr man eope, who m not be n menal rmoi or physc agon daly le my s al ar short f bng a plesan xperience They my e bored lackng in irecton nscre aious r sresse and heir peak ments of happinss my b o trva r too rare o compnsate for r enera eein f malase For hem asumng hy are ncapable f restrucurng her lives thr are w speca soluns hey ca ncrse r ppess quoten (un hppness  order) by resrtn o thr chmca happness r fantas happness In ohr wrs h ca scape nt a wrd of cemca reamn r aydreng  by usng ugs r by escpng io a word of cn

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CHEMICA HAPPINE The DrugTker My pepe he sugh  bur  hpess w he d o  ec substce o sme d Drug ng  been use r usds o yers  n reme ep  he ues or  ppy se  md A re use  nccs cn be oke un  n me h  rky exprn  senry pne  n mre hn  stsg  h uy Regr ue hwer s mre ke  ure  nd dy e suceny sug O  my be  persn misery  nern rm cn cree   erdng eeng  depressn or esr  the ny hpe  g ese  re s  escpe   ecy cnre w  new nd nense senn Fr s ube peope

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h assfa  Happss

oy a ao-dd sa  sht off h pa og oh for thm  c brif o of phora ad th wllg p of a powrl oio sat of happiss Uforaly hr s a havy pr o pay for his joyl sap wh srios aditio sig hard drgs) aks hold Th rr  hah rali, wh  ffs of h drg w of is so sssg ha aor dos s soo sogh, d aohr d aohr Othr asps of day lf b igor halh sffrs, ad a dowwrd spira o g dpdy bgis o dsry  ads s Brif o of hca happinss  sd of ors, w a   o srgr dos bt s o  owighd by  appss ha foows To b fair, thr ar ay so- 'so rgs that o pid o of happss wihot cag oo m arg Ta, coe obaco d oho  wiy s o a gob sal d  acp by os rs a g fors of hial

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h Natr  p e

haness Even wth these hwever ecessve use e eads t damaged health he sad truth s tat thse ndvdus wh are mst lely t turn t cemcal ads n the rst lace are as tse w are st ey t ece addcted n te secd lace Mderat s nt a wrd tha sts easly  any deate n drug-tang Deste deseate atemts y vernmet aur tes t suress dru use t stl ushes  er he wd n a vt sce d h de s fr thusds f ers d tere are y dfferent nds f hay lls aalale m the hara ceutc ndusty ut  s a cmaratvey new enmen lder drugs wt a ng sc st c y cnst e aced a t he eaest cv atns d even end t hstrc tes Sme f the mst r es e  fws F cetues may Meca da rbe cudng he ce tecs have emlyed cera nds  mushms as a suce f hallucgenc exeeces he mst pula speces s Pi

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Te Csf < Hiess

micaa  m wny-coloe mhoom h  fo  mhy lce Dng elgo ceemone e Id e bo  dozen of hee A  hee e nlean enaon b ee oon ge wy o n nenely hy e ha  fo a eo of eel o, an ng wc he bjec exeece  mang nge of exonay on Th  followe by  eo of menl d ycal eeon

Reled g w ml hllcnogec effec e meclne obne fom e eyoe cac Lora wllamsi n D-2 lly efe�e o ly  'c, obned fom e ye ng go, Cicp pra The m-leng effec of D-2 wee no coee n 1943 when e w cem yg  ccenlly ngee ome. I becme a ol eceaonl g n he 960 Alhogh  d no ea o hycl con o whwl yom, le ohe owel ncoc  d  oe mo wb:  mc w hghly

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The Ne  Hppine

arile d reiabe r e aer  SD here might be a brst  inese hiess wie r anher, ting  idenica e here cd be an xeiec  re rrr Amng he ndin an  he Ade in Sh Ameia a wiey se arcc is btained m e ee  the cca , En cc The eae ae picked, reared d hen hewed a a 'wad The cie gredient is ccaie a reed rm o whi is o exrted t er prs  the wd whe i hs becme a cn recreai r I wrk dircy  e en er system  here i a se o 'ec haiess t s r ab   r I mderai i apy h ew  eec bt i i   e e  exces, leag t ismia ate ie c d i snred a a wder e dei  he inerir  he e. An imred ersi  hi dg, wn s cccae becae  e  ie i s wen it is eaed)  become r  rce yes

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 Caifan  Hppss

Crakoae sers speak of epereg a wholeboy orgam  a es of happess ompleely oe he orm rage of hma eperee However ths eepoal hgh s soo folowe by a massve low volvg aey epresso rrably fage a paraoa aabs s he e of a hemp pla fo orgally  hna  cenl Asa Caais saiva poes a res ha  hloge  s kow by ove wo hre ames the mos ooy se beg maraa bhag hashh ghaa po or grass. s aroc effe have bee exploe fo oer ve  hosa yes a s se ahogh lleg  mo plae s ow wowe s mpa s o reae a sesao f ole reamy relae waw om real  offers ea happess  he fom of a ghheae ephora  whh sesory awaeess s heghee whle the ere for ao s ereae s ma savaage are ha  ases sore eph peepo a mpare phy oorao



T a o Happ nss

s meas a atempts t perfrm mealy mplex as su as drg a ar r peraig er kds f maery are ardus e f e dest dugs kw pm as bee s use se prestr imes A milky lqud s extrated m e pum pppy Papr smnm. ad dred  fm a bw  We smked ts  quly reaes a sae f em appiess y dramay redug axety ad pa f ta is preset ad by dug a sesa f eupra Its dwside s ta  s auses bt metal ad pysal mparme apay ad sleep e sube s experees reasig lerae t te dug s at larer d ler dses ae  e take t bta e desred effe urtemre,  s gly addce w see wtdaw symptms I  83 mrpe a aie gedet f pum was islated ad pressed t use medally as a pwerl pakier e  897 i Germay e was i  ded m mrpie A wte pwder fu ies as strg as mrpe i ee

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he ssfc  ss

uay ecame  ijece ar rg o coice or ads  er e wor spersedig opim os verywer ep  cera egos o ou Asia ero iiiay rewards e rg-aker y creag a amos orgasmc reacio oowe y a meay eac sae of iese raxaio. Cemica appies s acieve y wig o a fars xes ad igs o epresso For idi vids suerig a mserae or sress xisece i ceary provies a massve reie  ere s a a Pysica depedece soo deveops an more an more o e rg is ee o sais e adics cravig. Wio e drg ere ar ow errib widrawa sympoms d wa sared ou  a qes or mic pasre is w a esprae rugge o avoi pai ug p  qso o emica appies  ms b cocud ha here is ohig  favur of a iesye a ses  gaiig of sor rm appess a  xpse  ogerm msry eaus o his aaced equaio govers  over  wo have mae e akg o ar

III

h r  Ha ss

rugs iegal It has o be si howeer ht this step s bee rgely usuccessl ad rugra ckig reis to ths ay a as lol enerprse. (I h bee estiae tha o gie one exple o fewe  30 io people ody use cabs n e for or another.  desc soluo to  proe is oe tat sees er socety uergoi a or s  ephasis   si wh esures that the ha ppulaio  a le s able  eoy  chaegg lifestyle a is welle to the aeurous eirig spiri of ua aure so tha eerye c ge ig  aly fe a hae no eed  so o eicly inuce prees. Bu  truth  s litle ore a ae wsh hkg. Despe ll our ter scal aaces te gloal pursui o eial happiess  a h pobe a oboy ha ee egu o resole.

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FAAY HAPPI he adreamer uman es ave the unique at t enj bol houh proesses Ever sne our estrs nvented anguae we ave een ae t ake ne in sand for oher Wen we sa ee we immediate nure up an mae f a ge woden shape isng up nt the air vered  leaves e eters t , e e a te sun te  when we sa hem e o relaion to the  ooden et and t we are ae t use the e o stan fr e oer We take is s muh fo aed d et it is he asis f ne f ur mar ures o happness n he mdern wrld

II

h Nat  a ss

Bcause te devopment of vrba language ne tud us to the use of symbols we ar all ow prpared o accept a ction as if i were a act. n acit tims tis began wit dayreaming and sile storytellig. As civilizatio advcd i ten evelope into teatre and ctina writing ad evetually into adio lm and televisio  a tes cass t uman brai is capable f enoyg a great surg of appies as some drama r comdy is layd ut i a way that appeas to us W know tat the vents are nt real bu w a able o suspe our sense of ralt just lg ough to ejoy them I ou adul lis w sd coutess hay ou radg noels watcing soap operas on V going to th movies, or aivi moets of esoal ly i our day-ams. Ee as hildre w ejoy te trills of fairy tales cartoos ad bdtim stois he est tl lots ae desiged spcicly to ge us hos moets of pea appinss tat are liky to b missing om uc of our hudum daily livs Whe the vla dis

14

The Clssifci  Hiess

 rs ss or  wg uhs w r r  our igons xncg hs ns on  scond hnd  h chc hanss fansy hnss s  sc o ry Unk mc nss r hr s o dr hah hzr Thr s   on causd by h roongd o o  fnsy c  oo u s (e couch ao synro) c ad o aby uscs  bu   no nvb Th nov-rdr h cna  d h vson vwr r   to ak  of hhy xrc a ohr  of h  Th  for xng fass cno b a fo as a or  au h ar so sf d so hrss fas  bco h or our of hass n  czon Wh rasgy soh  oogy hs r ooks s o grow nd w t s asy o an a r whr ry v oo h on hug a on hch    rf hr-sion ag

S

Th Naur  Hap ss

itig n the como o ou homes, we wil  e ae o eoy epeae sges o iese happiess as o aties ae lily ealized o us o is plasma wa he oly dowsde o his ieviale evelopme is h loss o e, aive ivoveme i e ramas tha we wat unodig eoe us. Bu his loss s oly tempoay  hie e ae n ou aiee mo  a s eaves s ompeey ee o use ohe hous i the day eoyg ealiy ahe ha aasy

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COMC HAPPINSS The agher henever w g, omeing ge appen ie  J  a rief moen we fee ighy eher, a a e o happine pae hrogh u. f a oeiona oeian m  ag agan  a, e e e become a gow  we d ee il g a we me or way hme e k of hu  a ophice ineeca ce u here i oehin m moe aic, oe ioogi akng pe a we agh o . An iporan biocecal hange i ocug in  ye. Enorph are ecree inie u ha hae pg peie. tho, ct  a e Unvei  ion  e Une



h Na 1 Hppss

States ha shown that 'the part of the brain at controls hapy emotions c stiuat the mmune syste to work arer: (Perhaps ths eplains why comeds Bob Hope d Geo Burns boh lived o be 10) In an experiment at niana State Univesi one grp of peope was shown comey s whe a scn gp w ma t wach solmn cumen ares Aeards ess reveed ha hos wo ad been enjoyng the cmedy  had h activity o thr un systms oostd by fr percnt an had thir stress ormons ecreae o if w  feing under he weathr a fw good jokes w biocy mae  fel a ite ber This fac s now being expoe in the Uned Sats at ce caner c uly cosumd ccs cowns are sent arond  wr to me e paten lagh ot lou despte the pain  ss they are felng  tey l i her beds poyg comdans to enteran eople who e di of ancer may soud lik a si joke  more senss



 Cassfcan  Happ nss

a one ut the truh is that suh unorthodox procedres o auay work. They do not ure cacer of corse, ut they make he ain mu ier o bear f gher ases hainess bo at te erebr v  he bioemia ev en why dot we evoe mo of our time to beg used? That ud seem a r ane o e  oious y f ineaing hainess in e wod but  is her e usiveness of e mood we ca hainess s a massive sanner nto e orks Fr hapiness es o be epoitd If we d meg that mes us ha and e ee on eaig i, i soon as The ense joy of e r pac soon eomes d eaure d, ly dom If oe- goes on, hou aer hour   aer day i soon sts o fee shao d  I o ive a ivia xp of a dern sor f peene, we fe a sm ang of haines hen e e he season's rs sraerries we  soon coe jaded i the if w gore on



Th r  Hss

te at me ae me. I o te at  we wll be sreg tat we ever wat t see oer sraw berry as log as we ve Wt s t about jokes d ny stoes at s s agh? T ders s it eps o  ba to e t te tat laut occs   le   dvua Wt te m bay rg s rse om bt as a roe dve wg ets at se s wro d e t atto Lagtr o te oter a, es t arrve  e  o ou o o l ad aes to ave vlve out o ryg  a se way  seveal ses e w actos  very s (ad  oe sek  'lag t  cre) L c la volves a tes o  cles, a wde oeg o e ot a lg ba te s a exageated breatg At g stes b acts ao cude a eddeg o te e ad a terg o e eyes Bt te aomayg voaatos  strgly ft agte s less rasg ad ot s g-ted s

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T Cssfc o Hpp ss

g aoe  he sons are shorer an oow

e noher more ray. I s as hogh he ong a o he crng na has become choe  o e eces  a e sme me h grow moher an ower So, hogh he aca ons o cryng  ng are ery r, he accomanng oc sgnas are esy o gs om oe noer e s sg a agher s o o eeo o  yng aears hen he moher sars o ay  er baby, ng   hg swngng  n he , or gong 'eeka-oo nsea o rng wh  e ay gures wh easre he reaso  hs oes no haen n he nn s abou  mons o s ecase, eore a age,  oes  rcogne s moher nuay as a sec ron. he eworn rec o  as  muc  sme way. B he or-monho baby has w ecome wy o sangers n s srongy ne on s moher, who  sees, a hs sage,   ersona roecor So  eels safe w s moer an has a ee eeng o rus n her



Th Nar  Happ nss

hs meas ht, f she oes someg py tht sttles her aby, the t l e gettg to ss at oes. Oe sys, here is smething sy here n mes he ay t to ; ut he oer sys, 'his is your mother so  s e, here s nothn to er he resut s tht te  reog zes t something s ghteg ut  e sme tes kws tht i oes ot he to be e serousy he result s tht t gies  ite r   gurle of mterl reogito, ot t the sm tme. It is this tht retes the gu ry r 'segmente  tht we  'ughter. o he th o ghter  the t ye   omes wi e reoion   he exped  ger tht is t  t s  gt rele to e aby to o t some ppy g aons   e, pey se d, a  gs u,  xpoits ths y g y n ugh happy when t s uht, or hg  e g   s s n t y,  erso of seriou ttes beome  mor soue o e happess

22

T Cassfa  anss

e ay pay ess whe we ecoe adt,  we ee ose e cpaci o ejoy 'safe fe, d hs s wt he poessiol comed offes s. We ow e is a comic d ht othig he sys is to e a seioy, so we ow we ae sae d, ike e aby we agh d ah s we is to his ageos coes coes  os o which coai coai a a  o soe o o of athoi athoiyy  we ejoy the the lease of cootig o es i  compeey e coex, ad ee  se of happiess g thogh o odes osely eated o is is the peae hide ge om dig he g dippe  he -fai hey my se  te pge hogh he i,  ey ejoy it becse, oce gai, t s a safe fea, d e ae eay aways cosed wih aghe  hey sep off t he ed of he ide I a sia y ode hlde ejoy hoo s ecase, he hey scea a he ose, hey do so owg  we a they ae peecy safe  e ciea seas

12

  0 Hppss

ACCDENTAL APPNES e Founae Susgy ts s e ogna de  e wod because 'ess cmes om 'ay wc cmes m 'a wc comes om e Od Nose ad meas 'god u  scty seng  yu  a gusc us you shoud oy ee hy we you ve seed om some luy ace ee su a wng e ey  dg a bnoe n e se

12

Th lssfc o H  ss

f o have woed had fo o omnt of ss, hen  shod b cad somhg   hs s oo naow a dnion fo  oday As a goo ap of acideta ess, m esona faoe s h feg u a whe a a og ad g gh o a b t it s yo scas that comes  s   caos.

125

TE NATURE F APPINE

T Nr 0 Hpss

 su up y denitin f appiness is te sudden sue f peasue we fee wen eting gets bette. Te key t undestading appine i tat it ny eists in an intense f wen tee  just been a daatic ipveent in e apect f  ives. hi ent f ipveent can be yng  a a epeence, uc a te aval f a new baby, t seting as tva as a cd dink n a t day cause it is ined t cange tense appe i nt a tig senatin but ate a eeting ne Wen a ptan i teviewed e wnng  iptant tpy, d  aked w e fees, e en ens tt 't nt sunk n yet Wt he eay es  that he is ti in tat etina cnditin f acute appiness nd at it  bltted ut y kind f atin anysis  is aeveent  wt it igt ean t is e caee. He is st n e iatin, etinl 'ig tat accpanies e ent sate we ca appness Ony wen he h ced dwn whi ytca bai take ve agan and tt  tudy hi new atin In e e y,



T   Hpp ss

e te who bes wth delghtd pd at h st sght of hs ew baby esh o hs wfes b h al pacc hoghts bashd o hs d by the tese happess that s y oet  Woes ove d appes ad sleepless ng  totaly abst at ths pot.  s aso ea t happess coes  ay fos d a be od  dffet cotts or soe e aeveet of a o bgs a pow et of soetes ovheg happess Fo o who set h sgh to hgh e aby  a he oy goals ca ely code the to a lfe of sef-posed fae d dsappoet Fo   os who  o odest   goals  c by cot be y  o of ess that togeth  ad p to a gat de g a sge fe e secet of ceasg 'tt happess les  eg ha  h spces s o sed to a lfe  va epettve behavo hat s lacg  us eges Of couse, we a have hd

129

Th ar  Happ nss

duties o perform day  dy bt tese mus no be aowed o domiae or les e need to set asde par of our daily eney for more longterm prsui with a na reaable goal hat goa ms be reisic  not too hig d no too low  and suited to our personal potential. If ou ofca work  our profession or employment  is aried and engig ten we  te uy ones who w need lile mor in the way of aes o keep us apy.  f or daly work is a monot ono grid g  y d of ong-tem aeen or if we he been forced o go into a cosy but boing reiremen en we need o ent a saree enge o some d a w gie us a persona ae h sis or pac aents Oy in his way can we ope to enjoy he thri of consing a smbolic chase d ssing ou pre rograng as bal uners or hose wo  dly competiie, g bgs te s  os ones c eily st in g losse ta may suppss happiness for a



T atr  Ha

g erod o te Te oettve e tat ve  o to d exove oet o tu , owever be ate  a tod o way e o w eed be te too eroy Moet rt  ge  gve  te oortty  joyg y oet o oettve ae tot erg too  we we oe We  w a ge we a ove oreve tat t w ey ortat bt we we oe we a qy ove orelve tat te otoe o te tet w ot realy  ay great gae  'obet  ard to do  te ae  r otet but t a eay be arred  wt  oe ad  t way we  greaty reae o res o oettve aes n lete oto to t  te ae ed o atyg or reva ge to eate wt e ater: te jy o bg  ad arg eeay to oe w g bt a to  eber o e 'tbe T  etg tat oralt y take redt , lag tat t  oy te teag tat ave



T at  Hpps

stled ness n us. n realty howeer t  a basc eeent  han aur for whch we should th our eolutonary pt. jng he ferg  loe to a er a ch o  randchld s soehng hat can brg wth t gret wes o ntense ness bt or thse who he bee uuy  oe or y atters ths or o jy ay be consousy absent. n su cases ere are was to be had o oferg es oe to a subste of soe nd et as such s dogs d ca  ths vod for  pele and becoe subst dre wh  great oten or brgg cooperate hapess o ope who ght ohse suffer o  ate a o oegng Because hey e oy substtutes peole who sea of ther ets as ther babs or her  ren ar soets hed up to rcue but ths s thoughtless and ar Oher vdus who seek  oulet for ther bor coerate es c d e  e regon of any chartes when soe spec category of



 Na  Happss

 beg -  ,  deprved, e hngr  smtng ls o heplesns ht  ey r nt fo th cootve ue of hoe o  mo fornte. Sdy,  s no s of du, o humn  , who e  nd  hep, d t  sy nough, w  tl o to  ose to a oa ont whe ooratve pnss c be nce

Bas we ae nms, abt uusuay nllgent s w st e trogly to h y caal  of s, fod, dk d ody cofor  t ha w do hare the apetts wh other ml h e t, foolhl, om people el  ag f lt whe ndgg them hs stems   om ne of regous tg hat has gratd imal  sought to evat mans to e mgay, hgh plae Huas e ad to sess somg c  soul', w t  sstd t m ck t mag ngrednt. Ts now y nred ccept has gve e, ot ony  cene of n abu, but so to he d t nng we mght sr w o anma 



 a ' Ha ss

somehow suspec  nferor Despe he obvou uh of Ds heoy of evoluon he ghos of relgons magned chasm beween human a mal s hauns soce As a resul here s for m people a lneg sense of ease wheneve e n hemselves unconollab enjg some or or  or even ev en mor carnal c arnal peure e o wa o ncre cna happess s erefo o la hs ghos b eamng he oos of nal gul  seeng  for wa  s: an uecessa fear kep alve b  ouoe form of prmve suprson or hose nvduals who are unable o ee hem selves om hese ancen nocrnaons an aler nave souce of happess s o be foun n he her cenres of her lae bans n nelecual pursus hese range om ndng euaons ha wll solve e rdles of e unvese o plang smpe mngames uzzes an puzzles For ose wose day ork s no nelecua emanng  s  oo eay n moern mes w  hune eevson chanels o choose om o s



T au o Happ nss

k ad let te ran go gently ot of focus or m, cerea appiess ca be givn a kck-start  dng dng soe sot of tiviy tiviy  o tte tte how vl  tt tt forces forces te te to coine fts fts of mory it aalytcal tougt proesses A lr ndlence n su acvtes ca do for te n wt execis n workout egies do for  msles og ey ve en treated sepately ere, t s morat o elze at tese two, vey t t sources of o f gret gret joy  sensua appiss d cee ceer rl l ppness ppness  are not not ut utua uall llyy sve man egs ae n e fortunate o of ben abl o o bot t the   de that sensul indviduas are essentialy ced volupties wiout  g tog   ads or a crera idvls e vly ey so o a sr or ga  e m sc peasues s a popua myt n ty oev some of te geatest ras ve   teir pvae lvs oved to e excepio  ve  r rs f ca peasrs

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Th r  Hp ss

ilit gs s as Baac By, Gaugi, edy, Picass, Send, TuseLauec, Va Ggh Ws a Wde e  cy ey acv. ac,   s, vud his vs as v ciy a he jyd a gd ' ' but dsie  w b    uea itery u Bys s cesss, hi incud is, nces  a seam f pss, vers, issses ad yung ys ee is. Gugin   nce c csci cs  h behai f his hreya-  evnay e   u S , ee h rpred  s bed w  eve ni y g ussis ug : Dsit his  c aserpieces h revuniz mdern  Psin Keedy c ae t h ser  severe eadces es he ad  e an every day, eerby   a tie. Despie  he ge  be   he s spirainal ssen  the tih cny Picss's su guty as accri   iend, sessiv, b despie  srig  misresses he as abe 

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 r  Ha 

pee ve fueen husan panngs  an g pu f ay as. An s he s ges . ena, TuseLarec Van Ggh  We wee  aace  pses  he s f a ulece, bu hey wee as abe  uce gea wrs Oeay ne y  ncreae   sum f happess s  cee e e f surces m wch e deves     cana a ceeba pusu hee s  ha specal nd  physca happess  be ed m nugn n hyhmc acves    ance uc d he vau venus us Many me ubanes needessy gve   e f acv an heey emve hs cua suce f haess  e ves F bal pele make hs mse Any suy f  sces s rveas a ch ven  cey, ban a ual ha ypcay ces c pefrmances f sng, ance msc  ee I se ances he expeences e becme s nese ha he pefmes see  ee an as ancele sae Ths s a pe f

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T t Hpp ss

ppiness tt in its ess exteme vesions, s open to nne  n ddtnl soce of physcl joy,  becse o the insidios sped o sceenwtng (ciem, eevson, compte) i es nd es comon n conempoy life, i sees, fnsy ppiness gs e yc-ppnes loes To some   sffeing mioiy  thee s plese to e gined m pin happiness om deni, nd oy om steity Fo tes tee s  ew to be od in sccesl iakng, wee ppines is gned, not om pn, t om pin avoided Socl fe tody s ncesgly estctive s egds te nbe o ks o w peope  owed o epose temseves Socil lede do ei best o nstl  hei comunties te de t se s be' Whee te k-kng conened i nwig d ocs og ignoce, is s  sond pcce, t wee  s pplied to conscos, deb eate i-ki   hm on e peome, e wsdom o stct social esicos demds close sctiny f yong men, in pl, ae

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Te tre o H ess

ologcally progrmed to tke rsks s tey eem o e ten socety would do well o provde he wth ccepte otets n de to vd em tkng mters nto ther wn hnds nd evsng uncceple lterntves Polcly ere s wde scope  ncesn te ppness  e gned o the de fos f rsk-tkng. or soe ctzens there s n usuly develped  to gnre the unplesntess  dy lfe d to see only he hgh pnts Stl ohes n complete const ece ssse wth he hs of lfe d look upon appness s e e experence of  ceston o sery ne solton n delng wth te  o le s  wdrw no n nner ste  medttve qull nd t nd  r  cntepltve ppness here hee hs oen een the feelng  ts type of hppess at e medtor ust gve up hs or e ctve lfe alst entrly n er to gn the res of ner conepltn u hs s ot te cse It s possle to otn

19

h are  Happ

ranqui happiness from oy oasonal bouts of quet serenty For those who lead highy sressed lives  overrowded, over-noisy and over-ave  a ref sesson of conepaion w om tme o me, pde a srprisngly rih soure of ths uiue kid of happiness If oing a meditao group of some kd is fel o be oo awkward, ther are privae ways of obtaing a smlar stae eve f the press s  mre t alowing the bra o go off-line' we takg a long, ho ba, or whe otng n a swimmg poo or hose who cno face ral, oe popu soluon s to esape, ether ino e heiy induced hapinss of drugs, r the fanty od  cio ay, aost  known dugs carry  sproporonate cos for he brief spels of happess they brng, but ure reseach may yet disover  new ype o drug that can ofer ighs whou a subsequent lows Domestc ats, raher sprisny, have aeady aed hs desrabe ste. hey a ga a condon of ecsasy smply by rog i a anip pan, wiou any pleas



   Hp nss

erefects I tis respect rter embarrssgly, ey re well  dvce o our reserc cess. y, tere s e uniue ppess o e  ed momet o gret good lu By deto,  s no way we c cree s orm o joyl  cept perps by buyg more lottery tets *



T a  Happ nss

n dang wh eah o h yp o happe  hv ed o how ha h  no oe bu many ou h  ovde u wh h o vlu o mna ae  i no up o m o inu you a o whh ype you youe ould aemp o ouag  a way o eng yu oa ore o happy omen Som wui yo ome w no  oo oe we e ou ou in ie in a don h do o u u nd whh bing u oly uaon ad e ng l the deen way n whch ome peope hav ound happine m   hod opn a w ath h d h and ov wheever poble hoe ee o gul ha ae ch enemie o a happy lie Th  o genea pnip  mge om a evoluiony udy o happe and ha i ha wheeve he condon n whch we nd ouelv happe o mach up wih ome aic eaue o hma naur he ace a moen o ae wl occur i rey inreaed Te craeii I ave n nd are c ing a crioi amiion compeive-



 t  Hppnss

ss, pnss, socabiiy, paynss ad mag aion  te qitis a, ogter, make e a specs so xcing. f w iv rptv, dadnd, monotonos vs a eny s or gntic brrg, w may maage o srvv ad o srgge on om day o day,  we w nd orsvs xisg n a joyss, serabe sae o mn or mc o or span. r a, wn w pt criminas in prison w s tem by gvng m prcsy tis  o xstence, rmovng o m a my socs of piss as possib. y, fo my wabdg ciens wo av n n  a,  ca b aost  boig eir iy rk-ks  so rpitive and agave tat  sy do no ofr ay pona or m ppss S dvids y no b i prson, b y my nvrss d svs connd i  visib cags of  moder  zoo I teir  of r appns is o icreas, i ca oy  so by r aing n a ew ob or by sqezg



 Nr 1Hpp  ei ppy momens no spe-e cives Cony o popu opnon, eves of ppness e no inked o edcon, e o bnk bnce e nedce re s a e o d hppness a e schoy hey my nd i in deen wys, b ey wi nd . my, e yog d he od hve ei on speci wys o bein hppy  nd, fo h mte, nhp nd e ,  eees, e oy miny hppe n e poo ven if  ic n s  osnd es moe money   poo one, he  poby ony be en pecen ppie n his y fe    e my ve ny moe wys o inin ppy moens, b he w e so bsy m hs money h he w rrey hve ime o enjoy s oens Dieences in ene eves of ppiness seem nsed o e m mo concened  eences in nvid pesones n oe wos, e h ein ppes o ave s or her own sepo' eve  e popens o ppness is rgisted on  sce o sy, one to ten, en  w



h ar Happ ss

 possble to nd ndvida who ristr  ght'  a nin, readess o wha h wd hrws at m, we oters c mge ony a o' or  e', even wen vrythig in ie ppear to be ong wel T rst s  r, ap-golu, optst exet o  nd d peaur n t  ituation Te secod  a dour, own-the-dup, pssstic ntrrt wo sees  worst n any stuati I the e type s  bad xpriee, yo know at e wl son bce ba; f  mier has a good xperin,  now that e wsoon b abe to d ome  aw n it ow o tse tw e se, nd ow xd re y? Te answer t t rst of se quetn  n b fod i childood. Te cer dut baby had Ye' p and te dour dut obabl had No' p. Wen e ld sks  Ys pnts C  pa  ge? e answer s by Y' (OK Lt's ptd to  .  ')  Whn e l sks t No pens C w pay a e' e  s ly N' Sorr, I'm too y o .   ) 



T r  Hpp ss

e r ci grow u o e oiive  o ejo  active iagiatio we e ecod d coe o acce a ie as ite o o oer it. Sc atite a apear to e ed for ife but   o te cae e a e ifcu o i t it can be oe f te ceerl pero er a aor raa i ca caue eriou logatig age A i e ere are coace  eure eekig te c evea be ragged ou of e rog io wc e ave uide a o er a aretig  oter word parnta eacig can leave ee car (or dee leing) bu te ca be oie b ater iuece i lt life.

4

 Nt 0 Hpp ss

or ose wshg t crease ter score o te happess scae te best swer is to rese to ccept that ere s oy oe kd o apess d stead to reeae alteratve sources of happess tat are avaabe to te Tere ay e  rch ve o haess to be foud  soe are f e tat has ever eve occurred o the f ths oo oers soe gudace  directg te to e of thse utapped sources, the t w have oe s ob



FNIIONS OF PPINSS

y person ew of appness, presented n ts ook s not te ony one. teray undreds o entons o appness ae een ecoded e e yeas y many orgnl mnds Te folowng s  sleton of tese, rrnge aorng to te an featre empaszed y e o te tors

 Nt  H 

APPNSS is F'S PURPOS A nmer  hos hoose o dne he rsi  hiness s he min osession  he hmn 

Happie i    te peccpati  ie Ruth Beed

Happine i te y ancti  e. ege Sty

Happe i     we ave tie . We avet ie  be ueve. lbert mu

Happine     e eet ive   en d W Je

Happine  e ega ende  e  R  Igerll



Dfniins  Hpp inss

appiess s e y gd .  . uaty te ny reg.   Iger

appess . . .  e greatest umber is te at  ras d egisat. Jeremy  appiess s   . te st uerrate u bert ui Steve

appness keeps te whees steadiy turing h d beauty at.  ey

appness s . .  te purpse f fe. e Daa La



T N  pp ss

HANE is AN ATD M auho hav ma h poi ha   h sa  mid  h idivdual ha is allimpoa i oaiig haiss

Happiness is no e nber o bessings bu ony our ade os e. er Soenyn Hapiness cn be achieved ugh reshping our iudes nd ouook. he alai Lama Hapiness is no a ae o vens; i deends pon he ides o he ind. e Mee Hainess is  he se nd no n he hings. u de la Rohefouaud

Hapiness is   . deerined more by he sae o one's ind an by. .  evens. he ala La Hainess deends ess on exerior ings an os supose. W Coer Hapiness c be aieved hrugh e syseaic ning o or hers d inds he Daai Lama

52

Defis o Hpp ess

ppness is    nowng at yo do not neessar require appiness Wii aroan appnes    . not te  o se   oters bt w sees s to   S

pess is    te onvon th we are oe or rselves  loved in spe  ourselves r ugo

ppness wi never be ny greer tan e e we have o  aue Maeelin

ppness s itse a nd o grttude ep Woo Cru

ppiness    o some eton s to oters ere stagnaton Am Lowe ppess n on be fe f yo do set y ondton Ahur Rubinsein ppness s not  rew t is a onsequence  G ngeoll

3

T e o Hppss

HAIN  LTING S ahr h phas h   s hass

Happness s brie It w not sta God batters at ts sas. Euripies Happness too swi es. Thma  Happness kes p n heht what t as n ength. Robe ros Happness is ie a btter whh appears and deits s or one bre moent. Anna avlva

Happness s a sooth a te wate on e vee of the aarac. George A liss Happness s so epsod. Ru Benedc Happness s s bea as e rainbow hat sn ghtr of h sr. Gee s Hppiness nbron s  bre t sho ave s ps and owns. re

154

Defniins 0 Hpp iness

APPINE is ELUSVE A  auhors hav go a sprh poig ou a, o   hass afg ssaio, u ha i  aogiv

aie i like yig  l wae i or s elgel Antnn apie i  ge i pusuit bu a od i oes Gerge Ass Hapie i like  subeam whi e les haow itere Chnese pve Hapiess i    arrie uiusl like  lass e to he brim ues Baey 0'Auevy Happie is    iult to esribe  impsibe  e char Chch

aie i iee a Euyie vishig  oo a gaed upo Dens de gen



Th Natr 0 Ha s

HAPINESS is NPUABLE  autho s on hf ha hais canno b ma a goal in is I is sthing that  mustn no s

Hppness n e cptured ly by t pursun . E L. Luas Hppness s nt  rse  yu cn ess t. ssi prverb

Hppness s nt est cheved y thse wh seek  drectly. Berrd ussell Hppess s . . .  yprduc yu get  e press  kn seh else. Aldus ley

Hppness s  . . te   pdse tht lhts y n te nd  des t rsp. J Berry Hppess . . . ces ncdenly. Mke  e bje  pursut d t s never ned thel whrne

Hppness, we usut s e ud. Geoe Aiss 

Ds  Hppss

APPNE  MPOLE thr autho go   cmg rthr pssmiically at,  rli, hass s a ilus  c r u r ay rmsacs  , posi, ah O ca  n  h knd  s hs autho mus ha .

Happes s an magnary conon ormery arbe by he vng o e dead  Sz

appness ca be reae ony n heaven  aves

Hapness s e he ae of Iss, whose vel o ora eer rased  S andr Happnes s b a dream and sorrow a reay Vltare

Happnes  ke he mrage  he deer Gee Arls

Happnes  a aera an sfferng a reay A. openhaer

apness    does exs Charle de Gae 15

 Nt o Hpp nss

HAPPNS  ACHMNT  a he ce te an pocpion wih aiing  a ngt gal  a cal  in. l  phas ha a oe  goal  b  ha a  ab on. Oth  on  act tha, wit biti ivis, t  a s  hinss in th anicaion  act    hena cl c. Hppness is to do  s tru work. rcu Aureliu

Hppness is    twee hours o work on one ouption Wi e Hppness onsist n tit  t s  nning stre not  stgnnt pool. . . Gd Hppiness i . .  lening erning  ernng. Llia Gh

Hppies is . . . knowng tht or wort shot is sgin t e p g. eica golfr Jhy ier



Dfnis  pp ess

appess does o e  appess, but  e aevee o  Dstvsky appess is ot  sae to arrve a, bu  aer o rei rr  Ru appess s    o  te our, ad eve o revie or a repetae or  aprov. ph Wd mrs

appess s   . we   s w o e wa e s Dedrus rsmus

appiess is tig at you e. uess is getg wat you at Annus

appess s a way sato betwee oo itte  oo u Chan llk appess s o vg w yu t, ut n wa you ve. Ha tl

59

 N o Hpp nss

APIN s V Among those who do ept tht hess is possib,  j uthos he mented tht t  ot one but  number  det sources

aies    soud ot be aticiated from oe quarter loe gmund reud

Haess    leads oe of us by te same route harles ale ltn

Haiess ts o as my saes as disotet Phyllis cGinley

aiess cosists  the mutici of agreeabe cosciosess. amuel Jhnsn

1

Dniins o Hpp inss

ANE is TO B FOUND N TRVA  n tensn  t de tt mrte g re etter tn unhi l ns mny ut he emphsized te iness t eund in te trv  

Happe  t be ery buy wt te nmprtt wa Neo Happne     gettng edate d n enjent m itte ting ug Wpole appne i n itte tng. J Rusk appne pring m emperae ab an pe whe James Woo Happine i en eke becaue t ent ct anytng Aoymous ane     pduced by te adanage that cur eery day Be am ai apne  . . . nt ancipang  grea a happine Bea Le Boe oteee



 Nu o Hpp iss

APPN s NNNG  jew ho menon ompee hness, nd dm h eng  n ngjeengs  ge j.

aie . . oit i oeig what othe at ge. H  Saw

Haie   . hd o be og i eae b  oi. Pul Claul

aie i    e eeig hat ower icreae. Fieich Nesch

aie i  . . ot beig oo oeed with ote Ale Caus

12

Diis  Hpp inss

HAPPN  SHARED AND OOPERATVE I comp coras, o au pa a corav carg ar  a ou  gra appi

Hppness tat s soght or orselves alone an neer be ond. hoa Merto

Happness s .   perceved ony wen t s reeted o other Suel oo

Happnss s  .  resgnng yorsel to seng others also happy etrad ue

Happnss was born a twn     who joy wol n st sre t Lo y Happness s a great love and h serng. Oe Shee



 Nt  Hpp ss

HANESS s SENSUA Some horsfree dmi o ndin hppiness with i in  bi rn pur  hes

Happness depends n a lesel brea o ute

Happness s  and d Kdachrmed r later vw aya es Happess s    a gd bank act a gd k and a gd dgestn JeaJacques ousseau Happess s    the sblme mmen whn  ge   r crses oyce ee Happess s    drvng brskl  a pstas wth a prett wma Suel Joso Happnss s a arrd wma ad a sgl ma H L Mee

Happness s unrepened peasre Soctes Happness s gd health d a bad mer Ig ea



Defnis  ppies

HAPPNES s TERALTC C d o s n c s  e n dmsons  m tngs   mn src  hss

Happess s    pet of property d saves wt the apa to get more Aote

Happess s    a are ome e Aute

appess s • . . we nd power  Wlo

ppiness for a man is    a wfe to te m wha to do ad a seer o do t Lo Mo



 N  Hpp ss

APPN s CERRA On  j uhors h srssd nu  s  sou  hnss, possb bus h sour s md o h nn nd o emphsz  mks h uhors onrnd r 

Hane     o u ourelf u n ar and ount everng ese s notng usa lau

appnes i a wne o e rare vnage and ees np o a vugar ase og asall Smi



Dfiis o Hppis

AINE s RATIONALITY Cs td to th t cato  t v tat t hss ca b ud  th abolto  lo ad oth supttous atvts ad th mt t cal atoal tout

anss (of th po) s th aoton o rgon Kal M

appnss s   . not vng n racs. Joha Wolgag o oeth



T Nar o Happs

HANE  NEGAT S uho vi he  bk he h he ntve v ht h  o be  mee  the cetio  oe� o ue o  the copo  he uhe  othe

Hppe  e nterv etwee perod of ppess. Do Marquis

Hppne    . the occso epode n the geer dr of a Thm Hay

Hppne  oped o morne voded. phose Ka

Hppe  ot eng ped n body or troed  d Thom effeso

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Dns o Hpp n

AS  RANQIL Fr t vr-trd r t dvtd t  mtt rm  ty t  t pp  t bud   d qut

appness is .   an enemy to pomp and noise. osp Ason

Happiness wold be to be alon at the aid d then be le n peace Louis-Find lin

Happnes s a tanqi acqiescence nder  agreeabe delsion aurnc Stn

Happines .   conits in tranqillity o mind Cico

Happine is  . . neither weath n splendor bt tranqiy d occpatin To frson

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 r Happins

PPINESS is INNCENE Cein uos v concudd   sopisicd cp s mk i  o nd inss.    on ns is e simici  n innoc

appe  aoe  tig te al gla rtanty o inoe. n sn

appes s noe. ait Ycna

appnes    . a ear onsee dw Gn

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Defnns  Happness

HAPPESS is STPDT To som uhors, how innon is h quin  norn nd hror suidi, nd h s h 'innonc  hinss in  mor rii h

appess ad tegee are so sedom fod  the same perso Willi Feae

Happess s    the seree ad peae state of beg a fool amog kaves Jona Si

Happess s the exporato ad ejoet of ges aed by oe's o a of t Beneict Spinoza

Happess s    a ombato of heredty heath good fore ad shao teet Au Mal

appess makes us base on Maron

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 t  pp 

HAINESS is ANTASY   authors ae mentioned esape f ai sre  happiness

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ppne     getng ot of oee d tyng out Hny mes

Hppe deend on te energy to se te sk o soe oer e£  B es

Hppines    reides n ngs ee Ewa Yog

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a main

fs o pp ss

HAIN is IRRAIAL AN IMAGINAIV &/d   i  isru1sy is  p  is bid  risi  ii

Happess s not an dea o reaso bt o magnato. uel Kt Happess s a mystery e regon ad shod never be atoed G K estetn

Happness resdes n magatve reeton and jdgement ege ny

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Th Ntr 0 Hpp 

AN  A MATR OF UCK usng hd nyne h pked n he een  hne n bngng mmen  hn  e  be n ne ng un wth h n mnd:

Hppness s probby ony  pssing de Anonou

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Dfs   ss

APNESS  UNCLASSFE Fnal he ae ao a numbe  dnon  haness ha ae nsab Ajew  he bes  hee ae alws

appiness is n aghng mater Rch Whtl

ainess is    s t hearig he k srke n ob

appiess s    aeping hange graey J tt

appiness s a ba after whc we rn hereer t rs John Wolfgang on othe appiness s wte an pink ope ute apness s    an nnhibie hypthams   ong apiness s    a k f ayight i he mn. Joph Aio

appiness nee ays ts nger o ts pse Alexae h

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