Flowchart 1 Running Head: Design a Flowchart for a Process
Design a Flowchart for a Process OPS/571 – OPS/571 – Operations Operations Management Jessica James October 3, 2011 Instructor: James Hoelscher
Flowchart 2 Design a Flowchart for a Process Every part of our daily lives is part of a process. Mind you that every task of our day is little processes that make up a larger process like the pieces of a puzzle or ingredients for a cake. In this analysis the process that will be examined is preparing for my daily activities in the morning. Discovering Impacting Aspects There are many different aspects that have an effect on this process design; for instance, time, task, my family and their schedules. Each aspect is an important to determine how and what needs to be done to improve the process design. Time is important, on the account that, having enough time set aside to complete the tasks and plan for unseen concerns is a necessary to complete tasks; which will aid in complete the process. Tasks play an important role because know what is required in the morning is a necessity to plan enough time to complete the tasks. My family and their schedules play a huge role on the amount of tasks that must be performed; such as: waking up my family and myself, taking showers, personal hygiene, setting clothes out, getting dressed, making breakfast, cleaning up breakfast, leaving for school and daycare, and getting to work. Evaluation of Process Design By evaluating this process design, a couple of items were noted. By documenting the time certain tasks took to complete and then reevaluating each task by either multi tasking, sharing responsibility, eliminating and/or rearranging certain tasks, one is able to positively impact their process design by limiting the amount of time it take to preparing for my daily activities in the morning. The following flowcharts illustrate the initial process design verse the updated process design.
Flowchart 3 .
Initial Process
Waking up
Taking Showers
Personal Hygiene
Make Breakfast
Get Dressed
Set Out Clothes
Clean up
Leaving for School and Daycare
Get to work
Updated Process
Waking up Clean up
(set alarms in each room)
Make Breakfast
Personal Hygiene
Get Dressed
Leaving for School and Daycare
Get to work
Flowchart 4 Note: Taking showers, setting out clothes could all be done at night, enabling me to have more time in the mornings to plan for unforeseen concerns. Initial Process Data Collection Days Of The Week Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
Total Time to Get to Work (Minutes) 55 60 50 60 55
Updated Process Data Collection Days Of The Week Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
Total Time to Get to Work (Minutes) 27 30 25 30 27
Statistical Process Control Statistical process control is important of process design, on the account that, statistical process control illuminates the different characteristics ranging from specific behaviors, operations, or tasks over a period of time, as well as, the influence of different variables on the characteristic, where the location of the process is, how much variation is in the process at the time, and allows one to get the process under control or in a state of control. When establishing Statistical process control limits, one must discover the means and ranges of the calculated data collected. The mean for the initial process was 56 minutes. The mean for the updated process was 27.8 minutes. The range for this process design is 28.2. This data was determined by calculating the mean for both processes and subtracting the smallest measurement from the largest measurement.
Flowchart 5
70 60
60
60
55
55
50
50
40 Initial Process 30
27
30
30 25
27
Updated Process
20 10 0 Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
This graph above indicates the difference in the amount of time from the initial process and the updated process. The mean can be used to show a measurement of where the process is located and the range can be used to determine how much variation is in the process. When this process is completed, a control chart can be used to show how a process is performing over a period of time. The points would fall above or below a center line on the chart which would be the overall mean as shown by the calculations above. Any points that fall outside the control limits or this would be an abnormal pattern. Deviations within the Process Design Seasonal factors (referred to as weather changes) will affect the process’ performance as well. Having to take consideration for items and accessories that are used seasonally; such as, long sleeves, scarves, gloves, hat or environmental changes (snow, rain, and hail) are all items that could have effect on the daily process of tasks. In the above outlined process design, seasonal factors would affect time, schedules, setting out clothes initially affecting the process performance data. First, the seasonal time change (daylight saving time) of each year; furthermore, depending upon the time adjustment one may spend more or less time preparing for
Flowchart 6 a task based on the time difference. Secondly, taking more or less time deciding what outfit is weather appropriate or changes in schedules (to wear or not to wear). Lastly, environmental changes have an effect on what time one may need to leave their home to drive safely and carefully. When seasonal factors arise, one is able to compute confidence interval. Confidence Interval is calculated by estimating the mean of the population. If one wanted to know the confidence interval shown in a bell shaped chart he/she would need to know the standard deviation. The standard deviation can be determined by compute the mean of the population then squaring the results and finally compute the average and take the square root. For example, if one uses a normal distribution of 2.5 standard deviation then computed 95% confidence interval, one must divide 2.5 by the square root of the mean which is the average calculated previously. One can find .95 by using a normal distribution calculator. The middle shaded area will represent the .95 and a normal distribution. The standard error is multiplied by 1.96; therefore, the control limits is computed by the mean being added or subtracted by 1.96 times the standard error. Conclusion In conclusion, statistical process control is an important part in process design by determining how reliable and effective a process or method is. By reviewing the simplest task, one is able to save time and effort for larger or more detailed tasks which could aid with time management.
Reference
Flowchart 7 Chase, R. B., Jacobs, F. R., & Aquilano, N. J. (2006) Operations management for competitive advantage (11th ed.). New York: McGraw Hill/Irwin. Slide Share (2009) Basic Statistical Process Control Retrieved on September 28, 2011 from http://www.slideshare.net/newsearch/slideshow?q=basic+staticical+process&searchfrom =header
