Zar Enludh Nlo`a
@drdmfas Fuenlas y ‘Ar`dl Eul`onh― OL@OMD Oltra`ummoýl
Zîi. 2
Ar`dl Eul`onh
Zîi. 2
@drd @d rdmf mfas as Fuenl uenlas as y @d @dea eamr mrnm nmon onss
Zîi. Zîi.
Malmhusoalds
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"o#hoairn$%n
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Oltra`ummoýl ]d fn `d pramurnr la rdotdrnr malmdptas `dh trnbnka Dh Za`dr `d has @drdmfas > nulqud så pnrtor `d nhiulns mudstoalds qud qud`nral sabrd dh tnpdtd dl dh eosea, y qud acomonl `d bnsd maea pnrn `dsnrrahhnr dh prdsdltd trnbnka. N dstd rdspdmta, dl hns Malmhusoalds `d Dh Za`dr `d has @drdmfas, qud`n `d nhiuln enldrn phnltdn`n, hn maltrn`ommoýl dxostdltd dltrd has `drdmfas malsnirn`as y dstnbhdmo`as dl Prntn`as y dmhnrnmoalds, su rdmdpmoýl d olmhusoýl dl hn Malstotumoýl !nmoalnh, y dl hdioshnmoalds dspdmåcomns y hn rdnho`n` malmrdtn `d su dcdmto"o#nmoýl. $n cnhdlmon dl hn tutdhn a rdsiunr`a kurå`oma dcdmto"a `dh muephoeodlta `d dsas `drdmfas, las hhd"n n hn pasturn sustdltn`n par %`unr`a &nrmdsnt, qud `dslu`n hn fopamrdsån `d dsas `drdmfas malsnirn`as, dl dh enrma `d ul ar`dl samonh olkusta, qud oepasobohotn su muephoeodlta, tarl'l`ahas ohusaroas dl hn enyarån `d has mnsas. %s dsta ha qud hhd"n n malmhuor, qud pnrn dh muephoeodlta `d dsas `drdmfas, qud la sal sola sntoscnmmoýl `d ldmdso`n`ds `dh sdr fuenla, y marro(l`asd `d uln "osoýl dstromtnedltd kurå`omn, ds qud sd dltodl`d ha qud `dbd sdr uln pahåtomn `d drdmfas )uenlas, sodl`a ldmdsnroa rdmar`nr has soiuodltds malmdptas `d %`unr`a &nrmdsnt* (…) ]d snhd `dh sub`dsnrrahha, `d has sostdens nutarotnroas, munl`a dh pudbha rdmupdrn su mnpnmo`n` `d `dmosoýl sabrd hns carens `d arinloznmoýl pahåtomn, `d hn dphatnmoýl ! `ostrobumoýl `d has rdmursas ! ro"udzns lnturnhds, `d su muhturn, fostaron ! trn`omoýl# Dsn ds hn pahåtomn `d @@$$ (…)% &
Ar`dl Eul`onh !a dxostd dl dstd eaedlta, pr'mtomnedltd loli+l %stn`a ea`drla, qud la dst( rdputn`a maea `deamr'toma, a sd `dmhned maea tnh, y qud n su "d#, sdn soilntnroa `d munlta trntn`a a pnmta sabrd has `drdmfas fuenlas dxostn, sol debnria ds malamo`a dh pama rdspdta qud dxostd `d has eoseas, sol edlmoalnr hns >
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2 ul`nedltas cohasýcomas y tdýromas `d has drdmfas )uenlas dl deamrnmon. %`unr`a
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olluedrnbhds iudrrns y nirdsoalds `d nqudhhas dstn`as, qud mal hn rn#ýl `d hn cudr#n, oepaldl su hýiomn, /`dcodl`dl% sus oltdrdsds dmalýeomas y idapahåtomas, `dltra `d ul ar`dl oltdrlnmoalnh qud n"nhn sus nmmoalds. 0lmhusa dsta `ds`d hn prapon nlto`deamr'tomn malcarenmoýl `d hns !nmoalds 4lo`ns, qud /mrostnhozn% hn dstrumturn `d pa`dr eul`onh lnturnho#nl`a hn `dsoiunh`n` `d hns rdhnmoalds dltrd hns lnmoalds y trnlscare'l`asd dl olstruedlta `d `aeolnmoýl `d has mdltras `d pa`dr eul`onh, nmtunl`a dl eumfas mnsas maea hdiotoen`ar, a nmtar `ordmta 3mnsmas n#uhds9 `d hns oltdr"dlmoalds eohotnrds, qud sd rdnho#nl dl eumfas mnsas pnrn`ýkomnedltd, dl laebrd `d hn `dcdlsn `d has `drdmfas fuenlas y hn pn#6 Mal ha munh, dl eumfas mnsas hn /`dcdlsn% `d has `drdmfas fuenlas, mal hn (tomn qud has sustdltn, sd `n dl dh maltdxta `d ul ar`dl dsdlmonhedltd olkusta, "oahdlta y mroeolnh, kulta nh munh hn pnhnbrn `d has pa`drasas, nephocomn`n fnstn dh fnrtn#ia par sus /eod`as% `d maeulomnmoýl, apdrn maea n`aredmd`arn `d malmodlmons y d olstnurn`arn `dh mal"dlmoeodlta qud "o"oeas dl ul eul`a `deamr'toma y mal `drdmfas6 %`unr`a ?nhdnla, lnrrnbn yn fnmd ul todepa ntr's dl hn prdsdltnmoýl `d :dearons `dh udia dl 0tnhon hn soiuodltd c'buhn,* /(…) ul mamoldra, rduloý n hns n2ds' n hns inhholns, n has inlsas, n has pn2as, n has cnosnlds ! has pntas, ! !a dsmumf= ha "ud ul pama dh mamoldra hds `dmån… ed pnrdmoý oltdrdsnltd (…), dh mamoldra hds prdiultnbn mal "ud snhsn "udrånl sdr maeo`ns, uln `d hns n2ds, mrda "ud uln fueoh`d inhholn `o0a' 4lasatrns la "udrdeas sdr maeo`ns `d loliuln enldrn3, ! dh mamoldra nmhnrý' 4dsa dstn cudrn `d hn mudstoýl3…:d pnrdmoý oltdrdsnltd dsn rduloýl, par"ud ds uln edt9carn `dh eul`a, dh eul`a dst9 arinlozn`a `d tnh enldrn "ud tdldeas dh `drdmfa `d dhdior hn snhsn mal hn "ud sdrdeas maeo`as (…)% 6
@drdmfas Fuenlas y @deamrnmons Mnbd dcdmtunr uln `ocdrdlmonmoýl dsdlmonh, dltrd ha qud sd pud`d malso`drnr dl dh 'ebota `dh drdmfa, maea oltdr(s kurå`omnedltd pratdio`a y hn malmdpmoýl `d
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`drdmfas fuenlas, `n`n hn ulo"drsnho`n` qud sd prdtdl`d pnrn dstas +htoeas, nulqud `dltra `dh maltdxta samonh `d uln samod`n` malmrdtn y `dtdreoln`n. %sta prdsupald kustnedltd la nlnho#nr `dsmaltdxtunho#n`nedltd dsn samod`n` `dtdreoln`n, y dst' "olmuhn`n n hns mal`omoalds ldmdsnrons pnrn hn sntoscnmmoýl malmrdtn `d hns ldmdso`n`ds oephåmotns dl has `drdmfas fuenlas, y qud dstnr' par dh mnr'mtdr y `dsnrrahha dstrumturnh `d dsn samod`n` y, su olmhusoýl `dltra `d ul dsquden `d pa`dr oltdrlnmoalnh. $n ulo"drsnho`n` `d has `drdmfas fuenlas ds mnrnmtdråstomn `d hn arinlo#nmoýl kurå`omn `deamr'tomn hobdrnh y dl dstd sdlto`a dh `drdmfa subkdto"a a oltdr(s kurå`omnedltd pratdio`a npnrdmd maea malsdmudltd dl rdhnmoýl n hn malso`drnmoýl `d ulo"drsnho`n` qud sd nsporn sdn prapon `d has `drdmfas fuenlas. !a abstnltd dhha, `omd &nrmdsnt=, sd prdsdltn maea abst'muha qud dh `drdmfa subkdto"a la fnyn so`a dhnbarn`a dl hn o`dn `dh ulo"drsnh, y så dl mneboa `dltra `d ul pnrn`oien `d nmrdd`ar ;s. `du`ar dh munh cokn y dstnbhdmd hns larens dl qud dstd malchomta tdl`r' rdsahumoýl. (…) hn ncorenmoýl `d uln `amtroln `d has @@$$ prdsupald hn supdrnmoýl `dh ds"uden ! ea`dha 0urå`oma.pahåtoma, "ud 2odld `osd?n`a par dh malmdpta mh9soma `d `drdmfa sub0dto2a, ! "ud dsn ncorenmoýl pr9mtomn pnrn hn pudstn dl enrmfn `d ul sostden 0urå`oma pahåtoma nmar`d n hn `amtroln `d has @@$$ npnrd0n ldmdsnronedltd, ul mahasnh trnlscarenmoýl `dh `drdmfa `dea. hobdrnh.buriu=s ! `d hn o`dahaiån "ud ha prdso`d (###) *
%h cohýsaca ;hnol 7n`oau , phnltdn, qud hn (tomn nmdrmn `d has `drdmfas fuenlas ds cohasýcomnedltd ul tden pro"ohdion`a, `ds`d dh eaedlta, qud n pnrtor `d dstd mnepa `d hn modlmon sd has cul`nedltn d olstruedltn mal dh mnr'mtdr `d uln mru#n`n earnh mo"oho#ntaron n pnrtor `d hn `deamrnmon maea bnsd dsporotunh y "dr`n` nbsahutn. ,
$n 8=tomn8, `dltra `d hn soilocomnmoýl qud usunhedltd sd hd nsoiln nh t(reola,
sd dlmudltrn "olmuhn`n dspdmonhedltd n has /`drdmfas `dh faebrd8 , bnka dh supudsta qud dxostd ul ol`o"o`ua pnsobhd `d sdr rdmalamo`a d o`dltocomn`a par ta`as, dh munh `dtdltn 8`drdmfas8 malso`drn`as lnturnhds* `drdmfa n sabrd"o"or, la sdr `nn`a, y 0 ul`nedltas cohasýcomas y tdýromas `d has drdmfas )uenlas dl deamrnmon. %`unr`a
&nrmdsnt. -/:. 4 ul`nedltas cohasýcomas y tdýromas `d has drdmfas )uenlas dl deamrnmon. %`unr`a &nrmdsnt, p. /@.-/:. 0
qud todld malsnirn`as hobdrtn`ds hhnen`ns 8cul`nedltnhds8 , dltrd hns munhds sd mudltnl hns `d apoloýl, dxprdsoýl, `drdmfas må"omas y samonhds, dtm., prdamup'l`asd hn (tomn par dh rdspdta n dstas `drdmfas, has qud dlmnbd#n`as par dh `d prapod`n` sd malso`drnl ol`osmutobhds, fnbodl`a nhmnl#n`a uln dxtdlsn n`fdsoýl. %stn "udhtn fnmon hn tdarån `d has `drdmfas lnturnhds `dh faebrd, sd dlmudltrn dlhn#n`n
nh `dsbnrntneodlta
`d hns o`dns enrxostns mal nspornmoalds
rd"ahumoalnrons y ta`a ha qud `d dhha `dro"nbn. Nusdltds `d maltdxtas a praydmtas mahdmto"as y nbnl`alnl`a hn dxpdmtnto"n `d uln rd"ahumoýl samonh, uln irnl parmoýl `d hn oltdhdmtunho`n` y sdmtards `d apoloýl, sd fnl subo`a nh bnrma `d hn dmalaeån mnpotnhostn y `d su sumd`'lda, hn `deamrnmon pnrhnedltnron. /(…) 5unl`a has "ud sastodldl hn o`dahaiån 8=tomn8 maltdepar9ldn pramhnenl "ud dh rdtarla nh $aebrd ! n sus `drdmfas las fn hobdrn`a `d hns8 nbstrnmmoalds eartnhds8 dlidl`rn`ns par 8hns o`dahaiåns8, sd burhnl `dh eul`a# ]dråneas `omfasas so 2o=rneas fa! uln prdamupnmoýl tnl malstnltd par hns sotunmoalds malmrdtns, uln ntdlmoýl tnl sastdlo`n ! tnl pnmodltd malmdltrn`n dl ha rdnh, ul todepa tnl 2nsta malsnirn`a n hn b1-* ! >1+# (…)% -
$hd"n`a nh mnepa `d hn cohasacån, sdi+l &n`oau, dstas sdmtards fnl rddlmaltrn`a y rdsoilocomn`a nqudhha qud fay malso`drnl "ortu`ds dl hn o`dahaiån `d quodlds cudrnl sus n`"drsnroas `d nltna* dh ol`o"o`unhosea fuenlotnroa y hn pratdmmoýl hobdrnh `d has `drdmfas, y dl huinr `d trnbnknr pahåtomnedltd par ul praydmta denlmopntaroa mahdmto"a, fnmdl prapons hns malsoilns `dh ar`dl ammo`dltnh, dl ul ea"oeodlta pdl`uhnr, dl rdhnmoýl n has pdlsneodltas sustdltn`as dl has nas sdsdltn. %l dh eosea sdlto`a, pnrn ;hnol 7n`oau, hn (tomn ds malso`drn`n maea uln kustocomnmoýl `dh pasenrxosea nmdrmn `d hn hhnen`nD eudrtd% `d hn pahåtomn, eudrtd qud malhhd"n dh n`"dloeodlta `dh /pdlsneodlta
Ctomn. %lsnya sabrd hn malmodlmon `dh Inh, p. F. Nhnol &n`oau. ospalobhd dl *fttp*77888.dhartobn.ari7bn`oau.fteh 4
o`dltocomnr y qudrdr ul &odl, nså maea hns maltrn`ommoalds olfdrdltds dltrd ul ar`dl samonh olkusta y hn dcdmto"o#nmoýl `d has drdmfas )uenlas
Malmhusoalds JNridl $nbdrens fnbhnl`a `d ha qud mnrnmtdro#n maea /mnpotnhosea tnr`åa% ,
dltodl`d (std maea enlocdstnmoýl `d mrosos dl mal cnhhns dl dh sostden `d edrmn`a, phnltdnl`a qud nhhå dltrn /dl "uodbrn% hn o`dahaiån buriudsn b'somn `d ul oltdrmneboa dquotnto"a. $n rdpahoto#nmoýl `d hns rdhnmoalds `d pra`ummoýl, `omd oltdlsocomn hn ldmdso`n` `d hdiotoenmoýl, maea dl dh dstn`a prdmnpotnhostn, dh munh npdhnbn nh nmdr"a `d trn`omoalds, samn"n`a O nriuedltn2 dl dh mursa `dh `dsnrrahha mnpotnhostn. Prn`omoalds `omd qud* /(…#) ;`de9s, par abrn `d has sostdens ulo2drsnhostns `d 2nhards `d hn o`dahaiån buriudsn, has `drdmfas mo2ohds, ! dltrd dhhas dh `drdmfa n pnrtomopnr dl hns dhdmmoalds pahåtomns, sd fnl idldrnhozn`a# Zar dsa saha dl mal`omoalds dtrnar`olnrons ! trnlsotarons ds pasobhd prdsmol`or `dh edmnlosea `dh sucrnioa ulo2drsnh pnrn abtdldr hdiotoenmoýl# Dh prabhden "ud dhha phnltdn ds rdsudhta ed`onltd dh sostden `d hn `deamrnmon carenh# (…)% B
%stn `deamrnmon carenh, hhd"n oephåmotn hn pdrmdpmoýl `d hn hdiotoeo`n` `dh pa`dr, ha munh so las rdeotoeas n hns `dcolomoalds `d Inx dbdr, / la sal sola hn "olmuhnmoýl dltrd hn mrddlmon dl dsn hdiotoeo`n`, y ul eåloea `d "ahultn` `d abd`odlmon par pnrtd `d has iabdrln`as. ]d pud`d `dmor qud dsta ds mhn"d dl munlta n hn prdtdlsoýl `dh iabdrlnltd dl munlta n oepaldr su "ahultn` n has iabdrln`as. ]o sd todld dl mudltn qud dl uln samod`n` `d mhnsds maea hn ludstrn, sd dlmudltrn dl su bnsd qud uln `d dsns mhnsds a nhonl#n `d mhnsds, hn `aeolnltd, sd nprapon dl caren prdcdrdlmonh `d hn roqud#n idldrn`n par ta`n hn samod`n` y `dbd dlmaltrnr sahumoýl n has malchomtas samonhds, qud fninl pasobhd dsd rdpnrta `dsoiunh, pdra qud sol debnria (std sdn "osta maea hdiåtoea, a nmdptn`a par dh rdsta `d hn samod`n` y mhnsds samonhds. 9 Zrabhdens `d Hdiotoenmoýl dl dh Mnpotnhosea Pnr`åa. Køridl nbdrens.p.92!9= "ospalobhd dl #lhnmd `d $obhoatdmns "oiotnhds% fttp*77888.bobhoatfdKn.ari7 & #malaeån ' (amod`n`. )n* +dbdr ,Mnp. --- Has topas `d "aeolnmoýl. "ospalobhd dl%
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%s nquå `al`d dltrn n kuinr dh npnrnta o`dahýioma y manmto"a `dh %stn`a, dl `al`d hns
pasoboho`n`ds hdiåtoens pnrn hn sntoscnmmoýl a la `d hns ldmdso`n`ds, sd
dlenrmnl `dltra `d ul sostden larento"a pnsobhd `d sdr nmdptn`a par hn samod`n`, nmdptnmoýl dl hn munh muephd ul rah oepartnltd, hn pasoboho`n` a nedln#n malmrdtn `d snlmoalds a rdprdsnhons, pu`odl`a rdsuhtnr dl hn rdsoilnmoýl, oepatdlmon a ol`ocdrdlmon, ha munh sd nmdlt+n so la sd n`"odrtdl a "osunho#nl nhtdrlnto"ns. Pnebo(l ds modrta, qud dsn cudr#n manmto"n, hntdltd so ds dkdrmo`n dcdmto"nedltd `ds`d dh pa`dr, todld uln pasoboho`n` hoeotn`n `d (xota dl dh todepa par så sahn, so sd mnrdmd `d hn mrddlmon dl hn hdiotoeo`n` `d dsd pa`dr. $n nephonmoýl `d hns pasoboho`n`ds `d pnrtomopnmoýl samonh y nmmoýl mahdmto"n fnmon ul ar`dl samonh e's kusta, `d"odld dsdlmonh dl hn sntoscnmmoýl `d hns ldmdso`n`ds, sntoscnmmoýl qud, dl `dcoloto"n ds hn malmrdmoýl rdnh `d has `drdmfas fuenlas, e's nhh' `d hns larens malsnirn`ns a la.
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(ul`nedltas $ohasý$omas y tdýromas `d has @drdmfas Fuenlas dl @deamrnmon. D`unr`a "nrmdsnt. )*&+ 9
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9n 6tomn. Dlsnya sa#rd hn malmodlmon `dh Enh. Nhnol "n`oau. @osalo#hd dl /ftt/::>>>.dharto#n.ari:#n`oau.fteh
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Zra#hdens `d 9diotoenmoýl dl dh Mnotnhosea ?nr`%a. ;7ridl Fn#drens. @osalo#hd dl Dlhnmd `d "o#hoatdmns @oiotnhds/ ftt/::>>>.#o#hoatfd8n.ari:
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