d6cc - Fuel System

Fuel System General Speci ficat fications ions ................................................... FL - 2 Special Tools Tools ..................................................... FL - 3 Descripti on ..... ........... ............ ........... ........... ............ ............ ............ ........... .......... ..... FL - 4 External Wiring Diagram Of Unit Injector (ECU) ................................................................ FL -16 Troubleshoot ing ..... ........... ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ........... ....... .. FL -17

Engine Control System-Eletronic Engine Control Unit(ECU) Replace ment ..... ........... ............ ............ ............ ........... ........... ............ ........ FL -25 Electronic Unit Injector(EUI) Compone nts ..... ........... ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ........... ....... .. FL -26 Inspection ...... ............ ........... ........... ............ ............ ........... ........... ............FL ......FL -31 Replace ment ..... ........... ............ ............ ............ ........... ........... ............ ........ FL -31 Priming Pump Replace ment ..... ........... ............ ............ ............ ........... ........... ............ ........ FL -34 Overflow Valve Replace ment ..... ........... ............ ............ ............ ........... ........... ............ ........ FL -35 Mass Air Flow Sensor(MAFS) Inspection ...... ............ ........... ........... ............ ............ ........... ........... ............FL ......FL -36

Fuel Delivery System-Eletronic Accelerator Pedal Replace ment ..... ........... ............ ............ ............ ........... ........... ............ ........ FL -39 Fuel Tank Compone nts ..... ........... ............ ............ ............ ............ ............ ........... ....... .. FL -40 Replace ment ..... ........... ............ ............ ............ ........... ........... ............ ........ FL -41

DTC Troubleshooting Diagnostic Diagnosti c Trouble Codes ................................ FL -42

General SPECIFICATIONS It em Fuel pump

Sp ec i f i c at i o n s

Type

Inner contact gear type

Maximum supply pressure

Control unit

7kgf.cm²

Driving

Air compressor shaft driving

Voltage

24V

Connector

62 pin x 3

Unit Unit injector injector(So (Solen lenoid oid Voltage valve) Resistance(at 20°C)

90V 1.66Ω±5%(5V), 1.40Ω±5%(NCV)

Cool Coolan antt tempe tempera ratur ture e Voltage sensor and Gauge unit Operating range

5V -40 °C~130°C

Connector Intake Intake pressu pressure re temptemp- Voltage erature sensor Operating range

3 pin 5V Temperature Pressure (Absolute)

Connector

860Ω ± 10% 40 ~3,000 r/min

Connector

2 pin 1.0~2.0 mm

Air gap

5V Temperature Pressure

Connector

32.5 ~284 kPa(0.33~2.9kgf.cm²) 4 pin

Crank shaft and Cam- Resistance shaft position sensor Operating range

Fuel pressure tempertemper- Voltage ature sensor Operating range

-40 °C~125°C

-40 °C~130°C 0~1000 kPa(0~10kgf.cm²) 4 pin

General SPECIFICATIONS It em Fuel pump

Sp ec i f i c at i o n s

Type

Inner contact gear type

Maximum supply pressure

Control unit

7kgf.cm²

Driving

Air compressor shaft driving

Voltage

24V

Connector

62 pin x 3

Unit Unit injector injector(So (Solen lenoid oid Voltage valve) Resistance(at 20°C)

90V 1.66Ω±5%(5V), 1.40Ω±5%(NCV)

Cool Coolan antt tempe tempera ratur ture e Voltage sensor and Gauge unit Operating range

5V -40 °C~130°C

Connector Intake Intake pressu pressure re temptemp- Voltage erature sensor Operating range

3 pin 5V Temperature Pressure (Absolute)

Connector

860Ω ± 10% 40 ~3,000 r/min

Connector

2 pin 1.0~2.0 mm

Air gap

5V Temperature Pressure

Connector

32.5 ~284 kPa(0.33~2.9kgf.cm²) 4 pin

Crank shaft and Cam- Resistance shaft position sensor Operating range

Fuel pressure tempertemper- Voltage ature sensor Operating range

-40 °C~125°C

-40 °C~130°C 0~1000 kPa(0~10kgf.cm²) 4 pin

SERVICE STANDARDS It em Electric injector

St an d ar d v al u e

Opening pressure

Min. 260 bar

Injection pressure

Max. 2,000 bar 500 ± 20 rpm

Idle rotation speed(RPM) Overflow valve opening pressure

4.0 bar or higher

Cam shaft position sensor air gap

1.0~2.0 mm

Crank shaft position sensor air gap

1.0~2.0 mm

Fuel pump discharge amount

500rpm

4 bar(1 ℓ /min or more)

1900rpm

7 bar(7 ℓ /min or more)

TIGHTENING TORQUE Item

Tightening torque N.m

k g f .m

l b-f t

33 ~ 39

3.4 ~ 4.0

24.7 ~ 29.1

Pipe quick connector

27.4 ~ 29.4

2.8 ~ 3

20.2 ~ 21.6

Eye bolt(Overflow valve side)

29.4 ~ 34.3

3 ~ 3.5

21.6 ~ 25.2

Fuel filter mounting bolt

34.3 ~ 44.1

3.5 ~ 4.5

25.2 ~ 32.4

LH-Cover mounting bolt(ECU side)

4.9 ~ 7.8

0.5 ~ 0.8

3.6 ~ 5.8

ECU wiring cover mounting bolt

7.8 ~ 9.8

0.8 ~ 1

5.8 ~ 7.2

Fuel return hose mounting bolt(M6)

6.9 ~ 10.8

0.7 ~ 1.1

5 ~ 7.9

Fuel return hose mounting bolt(M10)

14.7 ~ 19.6

1.5 ~ 2

10.8 ~ 14.4

ECU mounting bracket attaching bolt

34 ~ 54

3.5 ~ 4.5

25.5 ~ 40.0

ECU mounting flange bolt

19 ~ 27

2 ~ 2.5

13.8 ~ 20.4

Intake pressure temperature sensor

5 ~ 6

0.5 ~ 0.6

3.6 ~ 4.4

Camshaft position sensor

8 ~ 10

0.8 ~ 1.0

5.8 ~ 7.3

Crankshaft position sensor

8 ~ 10

0.8 ~ 1.0

5.8 ~ 7.3

10 ~ 12

1.0 ~ 1.2

5.8 ~ 8.7

Overflow valve

Fuel pump mounting bolt

SPECIAL SERVICE TOOL To o l

Sh ap e

Us e

Rocker arm shaft setting 09245-84100

Installation and removal of rocker arm shaft

SDHEM7022D

DESCRIPTION

SGZFL9001L

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

MAF sensor sensor Coolant Coolant temperature temperature sensor sensor Intake pressure pressure temperature temperature sensor sensor ECU ECU Fuel pressure pressure temperature temperature sensor sensor

6. Fuel Fuel filter filter 7. Priming Priming pump pump 8. Crank position sensor sensor 9. Cam position sensor sensor 10. Injector wiring connec connector tor

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF FUEL SUPPLY SYSTEM Fuel Fuel system system consists consists of control control unit, unit unit injector injector,, fuel pump, fuel line, fuel filter, overflow valve and fuel tank. Fuel Fuel pump, pump, connec connected ted to air compre compressor ssor,, supplie supplies s fuel from fuel tank. Fuel flows into fuel filter from pump. Fuel Fuel from from fuel fuel filter filter is supp supplie lied d to fuel fuel path path in cylind cylinder er head. When When 6 injector injectors s inject inject fuel fuel it passes passes through through overflo overflow w valve, which is connected to fuel path exit. Fuel returned from cylinder head goes back into fuel tank again. Accordingly, Accordingly, fuel system continues continues to supply and return proper amount of fuel used in engine by control unit. SGZFL9002L

EUI (Electronic Unit Injector)

Operating Theory of Unit Injector

Unit Injector

1. Fuel intake

The unit injector consists of pumping element(A), controlling component(B), and nozzle(C) as shown in the illustration. The pumping element(A) generates the fuel pressure as the force from the cam drives the plunger by way of the rocker arm. The controlling component(B) controls the operation of the spill valve and needle control valve by driving the solenoid according to the commands from ECU. The nozzle element(C) finally injects fuel into the cylinder by the fuel pressure delivered.

The fuel circuit is open when the spill valve is opened and fuel comes into pump chamber as the return spring lifts up the plunger. At this time, the needle of nozzle is closed by the spring.

SGZFL9004L

2. Fuel discharge

SGZFL9003L

When the rocker arm begins to press plunger, fuel begins to be compressed in pump chamber. However, the sudden pressure rise does not occur as the spill valve is opened. That is, fuel flows through the spill valve. 3. Fuel compression start The fuel in the pump chamber is compressed when the spill valve(SV) is closed by the signal of ECU. The fuel pressure starts to rise according to plunger down. 4. Fuel injection start When the fuel pressure in the pump chamber reaches at appropriate level, the needle control valve is activated by the signal of ECU. At this time, the fuel injection starts to inject according as the nozzle is opened by the pressure difference between before and after needle when the pressure of rear of needle is released. 5. Fuel injection end The pressure between before and after needle is equal when the operation of needle control valve is deactivated by the signal of ECU. And the fuel injection is terminated as the nozzle is closed by the spring.

CONTROL UNIT AND SENSOR

SGZFL9027L

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

MAF sensor Coolant temperature sensor Intake temperature pressure sensor ECU Fuel temperature/ pressure sensor

1. Control unit(ECU) Control unit(ECU) controls unit injector to inject a fuel into the cylinder. Mounted to the cylinder block, it receives information from accelerator pedal and several sensors and sets the fuel injection time and amount into cylinder. The control unit calculates the injection fuel amount and time when spill valve of injector is closed. The fuel injection amount into combustion chamber is adjusted or limited by the following conditions. -

Fuel amount needed (Fuel injection amount is set by the driver's operation)

-

Fuel injection limit (Fuel injection amount is set by engine condition)

6. Fuel filter 7. Priming pump 8. Crank position sensor 9. Cam position sensor 10. Injector wiring connector

2. Engine control 1) Control of fuel injection amount The fuel injection amount is calculated and set by the engine load, speed and fuel injection amount is compensated in through the input of various sensors about the engine condition.

SGZFL9005L

2) Limit of fuel amount Control unit limits fuel amount requested by the driver for safety and engine protection under the following conditions if necessary. -

In case of excessive smoke

-

When engine overheats

-

In case of excessively high speed

-

When fuel requested exceeds the maximum injection quantity

-

When engine speed is excessively high

-

When engine speed limit is needed in cold state

-

When EGR is defective

3) Limit of maximum engine speed When coolant temperature is lower than set value or vehicle speed sensor is zero, maximum speed of engine is limited to protect engine from high temperature and mechanical damage.

4) Control of fuel injection timing Fuel injection time is set depending on engine speed and requested fuel amount and is compensated based on the engine state from sensors.

SGZFL9006L

5) Cold starting control Engine control unit minimizes white smoke generating at cold start by injecting optimum fuel amount into engine at cold start and increases engine temperature to normal running temperature in a short time. And it controls heater to heat up air flowing into engine, which is divided into preheating before starting and post-heating after starting. 1. Air heating control a. Intake air heating at cold start -

Reducing the smokes due to incomplete combustion

-

Early warming of engine

-

Startability improvement

ECBFL5008A

6) Control of idle speed 1. Idle adjustment: Keep the specified rpm regardless of load. 2. Adjustment of unstable idling: Adjust idle speed to the programmed value in ECU when idling is unstable -

Increase or decrease rotations to the preset ranges specified by driver

-

Store the idle value before adjustment.

SGZFL9007L

3. Idle adjustment -

-

3. Vehicle control function

Idle adjustment at cold: Increase idle speed after cold starting to expedite the warming up. Increase idle to prevent battery discharging when the air conditioner is on. Increase idle to quicken the charging rate if battery voltage is low.

4. Idle adjustment at cold start

1) Cruise vehicle speed control 1. Function: Drives specified speed.

the

vehicle

within

the

2. Operating condition a. Operation of cruise control switch b. Brake and clutch pedal are not pressed. c. Safety switch is turned off. d. Brake is in normal condition.

7) Manual adjustment of idle Idle adjustment can be manually using self-diagnostic switch mounted to driver seat.

e. When vehicle speed is 40 km/h or higher. 3. Releasing condition

For the manual adjustment of the idle, following conditions should be met.

a. Releasing of cruise control switch

a. Vehicle should be stopped securely.

c. If the vehicle speed is lower than the minimum speed by cruise control function, cruise is released automatically if one of the above conditions is met.

b. There should be no acceleration pedal signal. c. Foot brake should be applied securely. d. It should be at idle state and PTOshould not be in running state

b. Brake and clutch pedal are pressed

d. Transmission retarder is operated The cruise control will be released if one of above conditions is met. 4. If the vehicle speed exceeds the specification, exhaust brake and engine brake operate in sequence. In addition, fuel amount is limited by the smallest value among maximumengine speed, torque performance and smoke restriction. 2) Limit of maximum vehicle speed 1. Function: Limit maximum vehicle speed by restriction of fuel supply 2. Control method a. Operated by set program in sequence.

ECBFL5011A

Driver can set desirable idle speed as mentioned above. (500 to 800 rpm) 8) Output limit by the fuel pressure Function: When fuel pressure drops lower than the value set during regular engine operation, it reduces the fuel amount requested to protect the engine and gives driver a warning signal at the same time.

b. If the fuel is not applied and the vehicle speed is higher than specified one on the downhill, the exhaust brake and the jake brake work successively. This condition prevents the vehicle speed from increasing excessively.

3) Door safety switch 1. Function: While the safety switch installed on the bus door is operating, ECU keeps the engine idle by ignoring the accelerator pedal signal to prevent the risk of vehicle moving. 2. Circuit operation diagram

ECBFL5012A

4) FAIL SAFE function

-

When PTO is not operating

1. Pedal sensor

-

When vehicle speed is zero

-

When clutch is not operating

a. Condition: Error occurrence at acceleration pedal sensor and idle rotation switch b. Limit of pedal function 2. Fuel temperature sensor : Use setup value 3. Intake temperature sensor: Use setup value 4. Fuel pressure sensor: Use setup value 5. Outdoor temperature sensor: Use setup value 6. Intake pressure sensor: Use setup value 7. Atmosphere pressure sensor: Use setup value 8. Vehicle speed sensor a. Fail judgment conditions

9. Use crank sensor at breakdown of cam sensor and signal value of cam sensor at breakdown of crank sensor 10. Engine coolant temperature sensor : Use setup value 5) PTO 1. Function: Keeps engine rotation speed regular regardless of load to operate the auxiliary unit. 2. Operating condition a. When cruise / PTO operating switch is ON

-

When fuel amount is more than the setup value

b. When the vehicle speed is lower than selective setup value (10km/h in general and engine running state)

-

When engine rotations are higher than the setup value

c. When PTO is adjustable from the driver seat or outside of the vehicle

-

When coolant temperature is higher than the setup value

3. Operation: When setup time (approximately 1 sec.) has passed, PTO governor controls rotation speed of engine into initial engine rotations of PTO. At this time, PTO indication lamp turns on to inform driver. 4. Release: When cruise / PTO operating switch is OFF, ECU slows down the engine rotations to be at idle speed. 5. When PTO is adjustable from the driver's seat or outside of the vehicle

5. Intake pressure temperature sensor Intake pressure temperature sensor measures pressure and temperature of air supplied for engine and sends voltage signal to ECU, mounted to intake manifold. ECU adjusts the injection timing and fuel amount according to the air pressure and temperature informed by the sensor. 6. Crankshaft position sensor

6. PTO engine rotations increase when acceleration pedal is applied and return to standard PTO rotations when it is released.

Crankshaft position sensor generates pulse signal by projection of the fly-wheel when fly-wheel rotates and sends it to ECU, mounted to the left side of fly-wheel housing.

7. PTO engine rotations decrease to the initial PTO speed in operating one or both of clutch and brake at the same time and return to standard PTO rotations when it is released.

ECU calculates the location and speed of engine, using generated pulse signal and controls fuel injection time and amount on the basis of them.

6) Cruise Control / PTO Enable Switch Set Cruise Control or PTO operation of special vehicle to ON/OFF. 7) Cruise Control / PTO / Idle Control Switch Used as control switch at operation of Cruise Control or PTO of special vehicle, idle control switch at idle and error code checkup switch at engine halt. 8) Exhaust brake and jake brake solenoid valve Control unit controls solenoid valve based on the switch operation of driver or engine state to operate exhaust brake or jake brake. 9) Power mode switch The driver can select fuel economy mode and power mode by operating the switch. The economy mode is to optimize fuel ratio but the power mode is to maximize output under engine operation condition. 4. Coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature sensor is a resistance type, mounted to thermostat housing. ECU judges damage state of engine on the basis of output voltage of this sensor and controls fuel amount properly based on the engine coolant temperature.

7. Camshaft position sensor Camshaft position sensor generates pulse signal from sensor wheel installed at the end of camshaft and sends it to ECU, mounted to the left side of timing gear cover of cam shaft. A pulse signal is generated each cylinder and becomes standard of TDC by cylinder. Another pulse signal is generated to have cylinder No.1 recognized at the location of cylinder No.1. ECU recognizes cylinder No. and determines injection order and time.

TDC

then,

8. Fuel pressure/ temperature sensor Measure the fuel temperature and the pressure. Output is corrected according to the change of fuel temperature as the fuel varies depending on temperature. 9. Mass air flow sensor(MAF sensor) The intake air voluem sensor is used to control the EGR after measuring the intake air volume and temperature coming from the engine 10.Fan clutch control ECU measures engine coolant temperature and controls fan clutch electrically to maintain coolant temperature constant. Electronic fan clutch control helps improve fuel consumption ratio by minimizing the operation of cooling fan and reducing power loss. -

Two steps control type: This is the type to control cooling fan one step or two steps according to coolant temperature.

-

The electronic fan clutch helps to improve fuel ratio by reducing power loss due to fan operation.

ARRANGEMENT OF CRANK SENSOR WHEEL AND CAM SENSOR WHEEL IN TDC

ECBFL5013A

-

Crank sensor wheel is used to recognize the engine speed and status of engine cylinder and cam sensor wheel is used to recognize position of cylinder No.1 together with crank signal.

-

Crank sensor wheel teeth are composed at intervals of 6° and 2 teeth are missed at interval of 120°Camshaft is composed of 60° as a standard.

-

Camshaft has total 7 teeth and a tooth is added at No.1 to recognize standard of cylinder No.1.

-

Cylinder No.1 of camshaft is located after 15° from the added tooth and TDC of cylinder No.1 is located after 34.5° from tooth No.1.

CONTROL RELAY When the start switch is ON, battery voltage flows from starting switch to control unit. At this time, power transistor is switched on to control relay coil. Then, control relay switch is ON and main power is supplied from battery to control unit through control relay switch.

ECBFL5014A

PRIMING PUMP

FUEL FILTER

Priming pump is mounted on the fuel filter head and used to discharge fuel and air in fuel system manually at initial engine starting or after fuel filter replacement.

Fuel filter is spin-on replacement is easy.

Priming pump mounting torque: 27~29Nm(2.8~3kgf.m, 20.4~21.8lb-ft)

type

so

that

the

element

It removes impurities in fuel supplied from fuel supply pump. Joint torque of cartridge : 32 ~ 34Nm(1.2 ~ 1.6kgf.m, 8.7~11.6lb-ft)

SGZFL9008L SGZFL9009L

OVERFLOW VALVE Overflow valve is mounted on the cylinder head fuel injection port. It controls fuel pressure in fuel gallery. Opening pressure of overflow valve: 3.0bar and more Joint torque of overflow valve: 40±2 Nm(4±0.2 kgf.m, 28.9±1.5 lb-ft)

SGZFL9010L

EXTERNAL WIRING DIAGRAM OF UNIT INJECTOR (ECU)

SGZFL9011L

Troubleshooting

USING HI-SCAN TOOL

SELF-DIAGNOSIS

1. Turn OFF the ignition switch.

The ECM monitors the input/output signals (some signals at all times and the others under specified conditions). When the ECM detects an irregularity, it records the diagnostic trouble code, and outputs the signal to the Data Link connector. The diagnosis results can be read with the scan tool or Flash code. Diagnostic Trouble Codes(DTC) will remain in the ECM as long as battery power is maintained.

2. Connect the Scan Tool to the data link connector. 3. Turn ON the ignition switch. 4. Use the scan tool to check the diagnostic trouble codes. 5. Repair the fail parts from the diagnosis chart. 6. Erase the diagnostic trouble code. 7. Disconnect the scan tool.

NOTICE The scan tool can erase the diagnostic trouble codesin the memory only.

NOTICE • The scan tool can erase the diagnostic trouble codes in memory only.

INSPECTION PROCEDURE(SELF-DIAGNOSIS)

•

NOTICE 1. When battery voltage is low, diagnostic trouble codes can not be read. Be sure to check the battery for voltage and other conditions before starting the test. 2. Diagnosis memory is erased if the battery or the ECM connector is disconnected. Do not disconnect the battery before the diagnostic trouble codes are completely read. You can erase the DTC codes by using Hi-SCAN after completing inspection or repair.

It is possible to erase the DTC codes only with key ON without starting the engine.

USING FLASH CODE Check by "Check ENG" lamp on the instrument panel Engine system provides error code inform engine failure directly without scan tool. Check the trouble of the error code as follows. 1. Stop the engine 2. Turn the starter to ON position 3. Check that the "CHECK ENGINE" lamp in the cluster is turned on after pressing SET/INC or REC/DEC switch approx. 3 sec. or more. 4. Error code is displayed in turn as follows whenever DEC switch is ON. 5. Previous error code is displayed when INC switch is ON. 6. Refer to error code table and check the trouble and cause of failure for troubleshooting.

ECBFL5019A

TROUBLESHOOTING Symptom

Probable cause

Remedy

Engine Control sys- ECU main relay does not operate Check the ECU relay and the power circuit does not tem Poor contact of the ECU or the engine Check the circuit start Disconnection of the ECU or the injector connCheck the connector connection ector ECU malfunction

Check the ECU using the Hi-Scan/ Injector compulsory test/ If necessary, replace the ECU

Starter operation malfunction

• •

Fuel system

Others

Malfunction of over flow valve

Check the opening pressure of the over flow/ If necessary, replace the over flow valve

Lack of fuel

Check the amount of fuel in the fuel tank

Fail of the fuel supply pump

Check the fuel supply pump check valve and the shaft for damage/ If necessary, replace them

Poor supply due to the fuel supply hose kink

Check the fuel intake system

Malfunction of the air heater

Check the air heater relay and the ECU

Air in fuel system

Bleed the fuel system

Malfunction of injector

Check the injector variation by acceleration test/ If necessary, replace the injector

Air in fuel system

Check the fuel line

Fail of the accelerator input signal

Check and replace the pedal sensor

Fuel leak to the combustion chamber

Check the injector tube and leak If necessary, replace the injector.

Air heater malfunction

Check the heater relay and ECU

Incorrect injection timing due to ECU damage

Check the ECU If necessary, replace the ECU

Malfunction of injector

Check the injector by acceleration test

Fail of intake pressure sensor

Check the sensor using a Hi-Scan/ Check the sensor output data

Incorrect injection timing due to ECU damage

Check the ECU If necessary, replace the ECU

Poor idle

White smoke

Black smoke

Starter switch, neutral switch, service switch circuit and operation check Immobilizer system check

Symptom

Probable cause

Low engine power outMalfunction of accel pedal put (Poor acceleration)

Remedy Check the accel pedal output data if necessary , replace the accel pedal

Check the water temperature sensor using a Hi Malfunction of water temperature sensor or en- -Scan/ gine overheated Check the engine cooling system, fan and thermostat

Low fuel pressure

Check the fuel pressure sensor using a Hi-Scan/ Check the fuel system(fuel pump, filter, over flow valve etc.)

Check the intake pressure sensor using a HiFail intake pressure sensor or abnormal intake Scan/ pressure Check the intake system(Intercooler, intake hose etc.) Freezing fuel in winter time

Check the fuel for wax and fuel condition

Electronic fan clutch inoperative

Check the fan clutch circuit Check the engine overheat using a Hi-scan

Malfunction of EGR system

Check the EGR system using a Hi-scan

Malfunction of the intake mass air flow sensor

Check the intake mass air flow sensor using a Hi-scan Check the air filter

ACCELERATION TEST

ANAL YSIS OF THE TEST RESULT

•

With the engine installed to the vehicle, the injector and the combustion performance can be inspected using a Scan tool and the ECU.

•

Description for Acceleration Test Mode -

Comparison of the engine power variation for each cylinder

-

Measurement of the acceleration time by accelerating the engine with the injectors stopped one by one. (Check if any acceleration.)

-

cylinder

affects

the

-

If the figure or the graph displayed on the screen of the Hi-Scan is low relatively, a performance deterioration of injector and a poor combustion are suspected.

-

If the result value is much low than them of the other cylinders, inspect the EUI of each cylinder or replace the cylinder with a new one.

-

If necessary, collect information of the overhaul history and a compressive force test and then analysis and judge the test result.

engine

NOTICE • Be sure to check the coolant temperature is 60 C over because engine warm-up can affect the result of test.

At the engine idle, with one cylinder stopped the EUI injection, accelerate the engine with five cylinders. Then measure the acceleration time until the 60th times of fuel injection.

-

For each cylinder, repeat the above procedure and measure the each acceleration time.

-

Compare the measured value relatively and print the data.

•

After performing the test, the pedal is not operated properly, however, this is normal condition.If the engine is turned off and on repeatedly, the pedal operates properly.

•

Judge the test result by the relative comparison and the total average for each cylinder.

Then evaluate the engine power effect for each cylinder by the compared result. -

•

•

The average of the absolute value is affected by the engine condition(Load, coolant temperature etc.).

All the above procedures are performed in the acceleration test mode automatically and the result is displayed on the Hi-Scan with the figure and the graph.

Therefore, judge the test result by the relative comparison in priority. •

Condition of the Acceleration Test -

When engine is idling(500 rpm)

-

Engine warm-up(Coolant temperature 60 °C over)

-

No engine load(Air-conditioning, mechanism etc.)

After overhauling the engine, be sure to perform this test to inspect cylinders operate properly.

Electrical

How to use the Scan tool

Use this as reference material to inspect the injector and the combustion performance of the related cylinder.

COMPRESSION TEST

1. When the engine is idling(500 rpm), release the engine load such as air-conditioning.

Inspection for the state of compressive force of the engine each cylinder using a Hi-scan and ECU on the vehicle.

2. Connect the Scan tool and check the control unit. Then select the acceleration test mode.

EXPLANATION MODE

3. Check the message on the screen and if it is correct, press the enter key.

-

Characteristic comparison of compressive force for each cylinder

4. As indicated on the screen, press the accel pedal fully and press the enter key.

-

During engine cranking, measure the engine speed rate by the compressive resistance from the cylinder. (With the compressive force test mode, no fuel injection)

5. Engine will perform the acceleration test automatically 6 times. During the test, keep the accel pedal pressed fully. 6. After completing the test, the result will be displayed on the screen automatically. - After checking the result, turn off the engine.

FOR

COMPRESSION

TEST

HOW TO USE HI-SCAN 1. With the engine key turned on, connect the Hi-Scan and check the control unit.

4. After completing the test, compare the engine speed rate for each cylinder by pressing the keys(F1, F2, F3..) in sequence.

Then select the compression test mode. 2. Check the message displayed on the screen, if it is correct press the enter key.

ECBFL5027A

ANAL YSIS OF TEST RESULT -

After completing the test, the graph of the engine speed rate for each cylinder will be displayed on the screen of the Hi-Scan.

-

When the engine is in the normal condition, the graph tendency is almost identical.

ECBFL5025A

3. As indicated on the screen, press the key and crank the engine.

However, when a certain cylinder exhibits abnormal compressive force characteristic, the graph tendency is quite different from normal compressive force characteristic. -

ECBFL5026A

If the graph tendency is abnormal, inspect the compressive system including the piston ring and the valve to prevent a malfunction of the compressive system.

FUEL SYSTEM DRAINING 1. Clean around air vent of cylinder head side and fuel filter side.

ECBFL5028A

FUEL CHARGE AND AIR BLEEDING

4) Close bolt when air has been eliminated completely in fuel discharged to fuel filter air vent 5) Unscrew air vent bolt at cylinder head front.

ECBFL5028A

1. After engine assembly/disassembly or fuel bleeding (If fuel is eliminated completely in fuel line)

6) Close cock after pumping until air is eliminated in fuel in the same way as described in the Clause 3).

1) Clean around the air vent of fuel filter and cylinder head.

7) Execute the cranking when the above works are all done.

2) Unscrew air vent bolt on fuel filter head a little.

Crank it for the time for enough (10 to 15 sec.) and several times until engine starts.(about 3 to 5 times, if fuel has been eliminated fuel line, especially if fuel in injector is eliminated thoroughly, sufficient cranking is necessary from air discharge to start the engine) Cranking time should not exceed 15 sec. because cranking for a long time influences badly on starter motor. Keep the interval of approx. 30 sec. until the next cranking to prevent starter motor from overheating. 8) When engine starts, wait until engine becomes stable, pedaling accelerator (Approx. 1000rpm).

SGZFL9012L

3) Perform pumping works, using priming pump on fuel filter until fuel begins to drain from air vent cock.

2. When replacing a fuel filter element (If fuel is filled in cylinder head) 1) Clean the fuel filter. 2) Unscrew air vent in fuel filter and remove the pressure from fuel line. 3) Replace the filter element. NOTICE • Check if the gasket is placed on element when replacing. •

Apply oil to gasket and tighten it sufficiently by hand.

•

Tightening torque : 4.4±0.2 kgf.m

SDCFL8032D

4) Perform pumping until fuel drains from air vent, using priming pump.(In case of filling fuel in new cartridge before mounting, pumping time can be reduced.) 5) Close air vent bolt

SGZFL9012L

6) Perform cranking and start the engine (Air discharge of cylinder head is not necessary when replacing a filter and engine starts with just cranking once in general)

Engine Control System-Electronic Engine Control Unit(ECU) REPLACEMENT OF CONTROL ECU 1. Remove the control ECU(A).

SGZFL9013L

2. When replacing the unit injector of the control ECU, be sure to re-input the compensation value using a scan tool. CAUTION B e s ur e t o mat ch t he c om pen sat ion v al ue indicated on the injector connector and the i nput dat a of t he c ont rol ECU f or t he en gi ne performance and t he exhaust gas.

SGZFL9014L

Electro nic Unit Injector(EUI) Components

SGZFL9015L

1. MAF sensor 2. Coolant temperature sensor 3. Intake temperature pressure sensor 4. ECU 5. Fuel temperature/ pressure sensor 6. Fuel filter 7. Priming pump 8. Crank position sensor

9. Cam position sensor 10. Injector wiring connector 11. ECU engine side connector(E65-1) 12. ECU engine side connector(E65-2) 13. ECU chassis side connector(C121) 14. EDU 15. EDU connector(E59)

Connector(E65-1)

SGZFL9023L

Connector(E65-2)

SGZFL9024L

Connector(C121)

SGZFL9025L

EDU co nnecto r(E59)

SGZFL9026L

2. Remove the injector cable.

Inspection INSPECTION COMPONENTS

OF

INJECTOR

(EUI)

[Checking condition] 1. Turn off the ignition switch. 2. Apply the parking brake. 3. Separate ECU connector and connect tester to the cable harness 4. Perform a test using a multi-meter.

Replacement REPLACEMENT OF UNIT INJECTOR CAUTION 1. Be sure to replace the injector at the service center designated by Hmc. 1. Do not operate the injector while running the engine because the injector generates the high voltage over than 50 volts. However, w hen t he i nj ect or s houl d be oper at ed inevitably, be careful with an electric shock.

SGZFL9016L

3. Remove cam cap bolts. NOTICE Separate bolts in turn to prevent rocker arm shaft from bending.

2. When removing t he used injector, be sure to wear the protective gloves. At th e hi gh temperature ov er th an 315°C, the surface of the injector can be carbonized or sticky, which cause hydrofluoric acid. When removing the injector from the engine, be sure to wear protective gloves to protect the skin. 1. Remove rocker cover CAUTION Be careful for unit injector cable harness not to be d amaged. ECBFL5034A

SGZFL9017L

4. Remove rocker arm tool(09245-84100).

shaft

using

the

special

8. Fix protecting sleeve after removing unit injector. 9. Insert sealing clamp into cylinder head fuel gallery. NOTICE Check if sealing clamp is inserted properly at its place. 10.Remove the sealing clamp, and then clean unit injector hole in cylinder head. 11.Replace O-ring with the new one in the unit injector and apply engine oil. Check if it is installed properly in between valve spring and tighten the unit injector mounting bolt to the specific torque.

ECBFL5035A

5. Drain fuel in cylinder head according to fuel draining procedure. CAUTION Be sure to drain the fuel in the cylinder head before removing the unit injector to prevent the fuel in the combustion chamber from i nflowing. 6. Clean around the unit injector to replace. 7. Unscrew the injector clamp bolt, remove clamp and then remove the injector carefully.

CAUTION When replacing the injector, be sure to replace the O-ring with a new one. [Specific torque] When replacing other than nozzle tube (when replacing injector only) : 18 N.m(1.8 kgf.m) + 60° When replacing nozzle tube: First : 18 Nm(1.8 kgf.m) + 60° + 60° Loosen completely in 2 min. Second : 18 Nm(1.8 kgf.m) + 60° 12.Apply engine oil to the cam-shaft rob and the valve bridge and install the rocker arm shaft using the special tool(09245-84100).

CAUTION When removing the used injector, be sure to wear protective gloves.

ECBFL5035A

ECBFL5037A

13.Install the unit injector CAUTION When replacing the unit injector with a new one, be sure to consider the compensation value of trim setting code indicated on the top surface of the injector connector using a scan t ool. B e s ur e t o mat ch t he c om pen sat ion v al ue indicated on the injector connector and the i nput dat a of t he c ont rol ECU f or t he en gi ne performance and t he exhaust gas.

SGZFL9019L

16.Install the rocker cover. 17.Perform fuel bleeding following the procedure. 18.Run the engine for about 10min at idle to bleed the air in the system.

SGZFL9014L

14.Connect cable to the unit injector. Injector pre-stroke : 0.75 ±0.15 mm 15.Check if rocker arm shaft is properly mounted after tightening the cam cap bolts. Adjust the clearance of the valve and the injector after tightening the cam cap bolt to the specific torque.

SGZFL9018L

Priming Pump Replacement

REPLACEMENT OF FUEL PUMP

REPLACEMENT OF FUEL FILTER

1. Unscrew air vent bolt loosely to eliminate remaining pressure in fuel pump.

1. Unscrew the air vent bolt to eliminate remaining pressure in fuel filter. 2. Clean the fuel filter around.

SGZFL9021L

2. Clean the fuel pump around. SGZFL9020L

3. Disconnect fuel line.

3. After disconnecting the fuel line, remove the mounting bolt and then detach the fuel filter.

4. Loosen fuel pump bolt and remove fuel pump.

4. Perform the fuel charge and air bleeding.

Tightening torque of fuel pump bolt: 10~12Nm(1.0~1.2kgf.m, 7.3~8.7lb-ft)

5. Start engine and run the engine at idle for about 10min to bleed air remaining in the system.

5. Apply oil to O-ring of new fuel pump and install it.

6. Install fuel line. 7. Perform fuel charge and air bleeding (up to fuel filter). 8. Start engine and run the engine at idle for about 10min to bleed air remaining in system.

Overflow Valve 4. Remove overflow valve.

Replacement 1. Clean the overflow valve around.

ECBFL5053A ECBFL5053A

2. Place container under hose of air vent hole at fuel filter head and loosen air vent bolt.

5. Clean the contact points of cylinder head and mount new overflow valve. Tightening torque of overflow valve : 40±2 Nm(4±0.2 kgf.m, 28.9±1.5 lb-ft) 6. Install fuel line and perform fuel charge and air bleeding (Refer to method if the fuel is completely eliminated from fuel line). 7. Start the engine and run the engine at idle about 10 minutes to bleed air remaining in system.

ECBFL5028A

3. Disconnect fuel line from overflow valve.

Mass Air Flow Sensor Inspection Description MAF sensor is built into the vehicle for controlling the EGR system precisely. The air flow, supplied to an engine, is measured lower than actual air flow due to contamination of MAF sensor. Then EGR system can't be controlled precisely. To prevent it in advance, you have to clean the MAF sensor periodically. Clean the MAF sensor every 6 months or 60,000 km using "Carb and Choke Cleaner".

Visual inspection

SGZFL9028L

CAUTION 1. Don't impact or drop the sensor when replacing it .

2. Don't use the sharp t ool at removing the sensor, otherwise t he O-ring may be damaged.

Procedure and caution when cleaning the sensor

SGZFL9029L

CAUTION 1. To remove the O-ring of MAF sensor -

Remove the O-ring of MAF sensor to prevent it from damage by cleaning spray and clean the sensor element.

3. To dry the sensor element -

Using the air gun : Below 5 bar, within 30 seconds.

-

After atomizing the spray, dry the sensor like below picture for 20 minutes.

SGZFL9030L

2. Procedure of atomizing the spray -

Atomize the spray to the end part of sensor housing.

-

Don't use the nozzle of spray to prevent the sensor element from damage.

-

Atomize the spray with 2 ~3 t imes f or 2~3 seconds.

SGZFL9032L

4. To install the O-ring of MAF sensor -

Install the O-ring after completing to dry the sensor.

SGZFL9030L

SGZFL9031L

Fuel Delivery System-Electro nic Ac cel erato r Pedal Replacement Ac cel erat or pedal(Bus ) 1. Turn the ignition key off and disconnect battery negative(-) cable. 2. Remove the accelerator sensor connector. 3. Remove the accelerator pedal assembly(A) after removing accelerator pedal mounting bolt.

ECBFL5062A

4. Installation is in the reverse of removal. Tightening torque: 18.6 ~ 27.5 Nm (1.9~2.8 kgf.m, 13.7~20.3 Ib-ft)

Fuel Tank Components

SGZFL9022L

1. Fuel tank 2. Air compressor

3. Fuel pre-filter 4. Fuel pump

Replacement Fuel tank 1. Park the vehicle on a flat road surface and stop the engine. Disconnect battery negative(-) cable. 2. Remove the sender connector on the upper of the fuel tank. 3. Remove return hose and feed hose. 4. Remove the fuel hose connecting to the fuel tank. 5. Support the fuel tank assembly with a jack and loosen the fuel tank bracket of lower part and the band mounting nut. And remove the fuel tank. 6. Installation is in the reverse of removal. NOTICE When installing fuel cap rotor to fuel cap holder, turn the ignition key clockwise 15˚ or so with it pressed after inserting the ignition key into fuel cap rotor(A). After installed, repeat to lock and unlock the ignition key five times so that grease is spread evenly.

DTC Troubleshooting Diagnostic Trouble Codes [DTCs] No

DTC

Description

1

P0016

Camshaft - Crankshaft position Correlation

2

P0017

Crankshaft - Camshaft Position Correlation

3

P0072

Ambient Air Temperature Sensor Circuit Low

4

P0073

Ambient Air Temperature Sensor Circuit High

5

P0102

Mass or Volume Air Flow Circuit Low Input

6

P0103

Mass or Volume Air Flow Circuit High Input

7

P0107

Manifold Absolute Pressure Circuit Low Input

8

P0108

Manifold Absolute Pressure Circuit High Input

9

P0112

Intake Air Temperature Sensor Circuit Low

10

P0113

Intake Air Temperature Sensor Circuit High

11

P0117

Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor Circuit Low

12

P0118

Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor Circuit High

13

P0182

Fuel Temperature Sensor Circuit Low

14

P0183

Fuel Temperature Sensor Circuit High

15

P0217

Engine Coolant Over Temperature Condition

16

P0335

Crankshaft Position Sensor Circuit

17

P0340

Camshaft Position Sensor Circuit

18

P0401

Exhaust Gas Recirculation Flow Insufficient Detected

19

P0402

Exhaust Gas Recirculation Flow Excessive Detected

20

P0475

Exhaust Brake, Open Circuit

21

P0480

Fan 1 Control Circuit

22

P0481

Fan 2 Control Circuit

23

P0500

Vehicle Speed Sensor

24

P0541

Intake Air Heater Circuit Low

25

P0542

Intake Air Heater Circuit High

26

P0543

Intake Air Heater Circuit Open

27

P0562

System Voltage Low

28

P0563

System Voltage High

29

P0601

Internal Control Module Memory Check Sum Error

30

P0611

Fuel Injector Control Module Performance

31

P0615

Starter Relay Circuit Open

32

P0616

Starter Relay Circuit Low

33

P0617

Starter Relay Circuit High

No

DTC

Description

34

P0642

Sensor 5V Reference Under Range

35

P0643

Sensor 5V Reference Over Range

36

P0652

Pedal Sensor Reference Voltage Circuit Low

37

P0653

Pedal Sensor Reference Voltage Circuit High

38

P0668

ECU Internal Temperature Sensor Circuit Low

39

P0669

ECU Internal Temperature Sensor Circuit High

40

P0685

ECU Power Relay Control Circuit /Open

41

P0691

Fan 1 Control Circuit Low

42

P0692

Fan 1 Control Circuit High

43

P0693

Fan 2 Control Circuit Low

44

P0694

Fan 2 Control Circuit High

45

P1087

Fuel Pressure Derate Level 1

46

P1088


47

P1089


48

P1106

Air Plausibility Fault

49

P1201

Injector 1 needle valve open circuit

50

P1202

Injector 1 needle valve short circuit across injector

51

P1203

Injector 1 needle valve low side short circuit to ground

52

P1204

Injector 1 needle valve low side short circuit to battery voltage

53

P1205


54

P1206


55

P1207


56

P1208


57

P1209


58

P1210


59

P1211


60

P1212


61

P1213


62

P1214


63

P1215


64

P1216


65

P1217


66

P1218


67

P1219


68

P1220


No

DTC

Description

69

P1221


70

P1222


71

P1223


72

P1224


73

P1225

Injector 1, 3, or 5 needle valve high side short circuit to ground

74

P1226

Injector 1, 3, or 5 needle valve high side short circuit to battery voltage

75

P1227

Injector 2, 4, or 6 needle valve high side short circuit to ground

76

P1228

Injector 2, 4, or 6 needle valve high side short circuit to battery voltage

77

P1229

Injector 1 spill valve open circuit

78

P1230

Injector 1 spill valve short circuit across injector

79

P1231

Injector 1 spill valve low side short circuit to ground

80

P1232

Injector 1 spill valve low side short circuit to battery voltage

81

P1233


82

P1234


83

P1235


84

P1236


85

P1237


86

P1238


87

P1239


88

P1240


89

P1241


90

P1242


91

P1243


92

P1244


93

P1245


94

P1246


95

P1247


96

P1248


97

P1249


98

P1250


99

P1251


100

P1252


101

P1253

Injector 1, 3, or 5 spill valve high side short circuit to ground

102

P1254

Injector 1, 3, or 5 spill valve high side short circuit to battery voltage

103

P1255

Injector 2, 4, or 6 spill valve high side short circuit to ground

d6cc - Fuel System

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