REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE OFFICE OF THE CITY PROSECUTOR Pasay City
EDWARD EDWARD V. PANGIL PANGILINAN INAN,, Complainant,
- versus -
I.S. No. XV-13-INV-15-B-0041 For: Violation Violation of R.A. 6539 “AntiCarnapping Law” and Falsifiation of !o" !o"m# m#nt ntss "nd# "nd#rr $ar $ar. %, Art. Art. %&', R$C.
!ICH !ICHAE AEL L GO GO,, GE GEOF OFFR FREY EY B. "OYOSA, CHARLES PHILIP PINE PINEDA DA LU, LU, AND "OWE "OWELL LL "O NG CHING, R#spond#nts. x-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------x
COUNTER-AFFIDAVIT I, "OWELL "O N. CHING, o !e"a! a"e# Fi!i$i%o &iti'e%# a%( )it* a((ress at +, A Ma.i%i Street# Nueva# Sa% Pe(ro# La"u%a# ater *avi%" .ee% s)or% to i% a&&or(a%&e )it* !a)# *ere.y (e$ose a%( say t*at/
%.
I a0 o%e o t*e res$o%(e%ts i% t*e a.ove-e%tit!e( &ase
'. I ve*e0e%t!y (e%y a!! t*e a!!e"atio%s i% t*e Co0$!ai%t-Ai(avit a%( $ray or t*e outri"*t (is0issa! o t*e &ase i%soar as I a0 &o%&er%e( COUNTER-STATE!ENT OF FACTS
I% !i"*t !i"*t o t*e $er1ure( $er1ure( &!ai0s &!ai0s $rovi( $rovi(e( e( i% t*e Co0$!a Co0$!ai%t i%t-3. Ai(avit# $rovi(e( .e!o) is a series o a&ts a%( &ir&u0sta%&es !ea(i%" to t*is .ase!ess a%( 0a!i&ious a&&usatio%s a"ai%st 0e/ a So0eti0e So0eti0e (uri%" (uri%" t*e t*e irst )ee2 o o De&e0.er De&e0.er 34+5# 34+5# res$o%( res$o%(e%t e%t C*ar!es P*i!i$ P Lu oere( to se!! to 0e a &ertai% Pors&*e Boxste Boxsterr )it* )it* $!ate $!ate %u0.er %u0.er BEU-,6 BEU-,6, , i% t*e a0ou%t a0ou%t o Nine Hundred Thousand Thousand Pesos #P$00,000.00% Page | 1
. Si%&e I a0 ex$erie%&e( i% t*e .uyi%" a%( se!!i%" o se&o%( *a%( ve*i&!es a%( to avoi( a%y &o0$!i&atio%s# I irst re7uire( Mr Lu to $ro(u&e $erti%e%t (o&u0e%ts as to *o) *e a&7uire( t*e sai( ve*i&!e# i%&!u(i%" t*e Land Transportation Office (LTO) Certificate of Registration a%( t*e Official Receipt of Registration &orres$o%(i%" to t*e sai( ve*i&!e I% tur%# Mr Lu ur%is*e( to 0e a &o$y o t*e Deed of Sale + .et)ee% *i0 a%( a &ertai% Fe%ix Ce'a I%ter%atio%a! Cor$oratio% 8FENI9:# a%( t*e &orres$o%(i%" LTO (o&u0e%ts3 re"istere( u%(er Mr Lu;s %a0e s*o)i%" $roo o *is o)%ers*i$ over t*e su.1e&t ve*i&!e Ater $ro(u&i%" t*e sai( (o&u0e%ts# I to!( Mr Lu to "ive 0e at !east o%e 8+: )ee2 to (e&i(e )*et*er I )i!! .uy t*e sai( ve*i&!e & As urt*er $re&autio%# ater o.tai%i%" a &o$y o sai( (o&u0e%ts# I i%7uire( )it* t*e LTO as to t*e va!i(ity a%( aut*e%ti&ity o t*e sai( (o&u0e%ts re!ate( to t*e su.1e&t ve*i&!e u%(er Mr Lu;s %a0e Ater veriyi%" )it* sai( oi&e# I ou%( t*at Mr Lu a&7uire( t*e sai( ve*i&!e ro0 its $revious re"istere( o)%er# Fe%ix< Furt*er# I ou%( %o e%&u0.ra%&e=s )*atsoever atta&*e( to t*e su.1e&t ve*i&!e Fi%a!!y# t*ere )as %ot a si%"!e %oti&e )*atsoever &o0i%" ro0 t*e Philippine National Police Highway Patrol roup 8 PNP-HPG%4 or ro0 t*e LTO t*at t*e Pors&*e Boxster )as re$orte( as sto!e% ( >it* t*at# I &o%&!u(e( t*at t*e Pors&*e Boxster )as i%(ee( ri"*tu!!y o)%e( .y Mr Lu a%( t*at t*e &orres$o%(i%" (o&u0e%ts re!ate( t*ereto )ere i% or(er A%( as a resu!t t*ereo# I a"ree( to Mr Lu;s oer a%( .ou"*t t*e sai( ve*i&!e at t*e a"ree( a0ou%t o Nine Hundred Thousand Pesos #P$00,000.00% a%( to or0a!i'e t*e sa!e t*ereo# a Dee( o Sa!e o Motor ?e*i&!e 6 (ate( +3 De&e0.er 34+5 )as e%tere( i%to .et)ee% 0e a%( Mr Lu e A$$roxi0ate!y o%e a%( a *a! 8+ @: 0o%t*s ater t*e &o%su00atio% o t*e sa!e# a Su.$oe%a issue( .y t*e Ho%ora.!e Oi&e )as "ive% to 0e .y Mr Lu &*ar"i%" us )it* Car%a$$i%" a%( Fa!sii&atio% o Do&u0e%ts ARGU!ENTS&DISCUSSION
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P!ease reer to !nne" #O$ o t*e Co0$!ai%t-Ai(avit# a%( a(o$te( *ereto to or0 $art o t*e Cou%terAi(avit 2 A &o$y o t*e LTO Certii&ate o Re"istratio% is *ereto atta&*e( as !nne" #%$& 3 P!ease reer to !nne" #'$ o Co0$!ai%t-Ai(avit# a%( a(o$te( *ereto to or0 $art o t*e Cou%terAi(avit 4 A &o$y o PNP &!eara%&e is *ereto atta&*e( as !nne" #$& 5 A &o$y o t*e Dee( o Sa!e is *ereto atta&*e( as !nne" #$&
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(. Ater &o%su!ti%" )it* 0y !a)yers# I &a% &!ear!y say t*at I a0 %ot "ui!ty or Car%a$$i%" u%(er Repu*lic !ct No& +,-+ a%( Fa!sii&atio% o Do&u0e%ts u%(er !rticle %. (%) o t*e Re/ised Penal Code& I. T'( ()(*(+ o C/+/2+ +( R.A. No. 53$ /( /6(+.
5. Se&tio% 3 o t*e !nti0Carnapping !ct of %-. (ei%e( &ar%a$$i%" as t*e ta2i%"# )it* i%te%t to "ai%# a 0otor ve*i&!e .e!o%"i%" to a%ot*er )it*out t*e &o%se%t o t*e !atter# or .y 0ea%s o vio!e%&e a"ai%st# or i%ti0i(atio% o a $erso%# or .y usi%" or&e u$o% t*i%"s 6. I% People /& Renato Lagat . # t*e Su$re0e Court *a( t*e o&&asio% to !ay (o)% t*e e!e0e%ts o &ar%a$$i%"# t*us/ xxx T*e e!e0e%ts o &ar%a$$i%" as (ei%e( a%( $e%a!i'e( u%(er t*e A%ti-Car%a$$i%" A&t o +3 are t*e o!!o)i%"/ + T*at t*ere is a% a&tua! ta2i%" o t*e ve*i&!e 3 T*at t*e ve*i&!e .e!o%"s to a $erso% ot*er t*a% t*e oe%(er *i0se! < T*at t*e ta2i%" is )it*out t*e &o%se%t o t*e o)%er t*ereo or t*at t*e ta2i%" )as &o00itte( .y 0ea%s o vio!e%&e a"ai%st or i%ti0i(atio% o $erso%s# or .y usi%" or&e u$o% t*i%"s a%( 5 T*at t*e oe%(er i%te%(s to "ai% ro0 t*e ta2i%" o t*e ve*i&!e xxx
&. Fro0 t*e a&e o t*e Co0$!ai%t# I a0 %ot "ui!ty o &ar%a$$i%" or reaso%s $rovi(e( .e!o) I (i( %ot ta2e t*e ve*i&!e ro0 t*e &o0$!ai%a%t
T'( /78222o+ o '( Po7'( Bo9( :/ */( 2+ oo /2' /+ :2' )) 7o+(+ o '( (2(( o:+( o '( Po7'( Bo9(, !. L.
). As state( ear!ier# .eore I .ou"*t t*e su.1e&t Pors&*e Boxster ro0 Mr Lu# I re7uire( *i0 to $ro(u&e a!! t*e (o&u0e%ts as to *o) *e 6
Ot*er)ise 2%o)% as t*e #!nti0Carnapping !ct of %-.$ R No +G455# Se$te0.er +5# 34++
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a&7uire( t*e sai( ve*i&!e# to"et*er )it* t*e LTO issue( OR=CR &orres$o%(i%" t*ereto Furt*er# a%( to reiterate# as a $reve%tive 0easure# I !i2e)ise i%7uire( )it* t*e LTO as to *o) t*e su.1e&t ve*i&!e )as a&7uire( .y Mr Lu a%( ou%( %o (is&re$a%&y )it* t*e (o&u0e%ts "ive% to 0e .y Mr Lu T*us# I )as &o%vi%&e( t*at Mr Lu is t*e a.so!ute o)%er o t*e su.1e&t ve*i&!e 9. Fro0 t*e ore"oi%"# it is &!ear t*at Mr Lu# as t*e o)%er o t*e sai( ve*i&!e so!( t*e sa0e to 0e i% *is o)% ree )i!! a%( vo!itio% Neit*er (i( I or&e %or i%!ue%&e Mr Lu to tra%ser t*e o)%ers*i$ o t*e ve*i&!e to 0e Co%si(eri%" t*at t*e sa!e )as &o%se%sua! a%( ree!y e%tere( i%to# t*e e!e0e%t o appodera1iento or u%!a)u! ta2i%" is o.vious!y )a%ti%" %*. Furt*er# )it* t*e exer&ise o (ue (i!i"e%&e i% %ot o%!y $ai%sta2i%"!y i%vesti"ati%" o% t*e *istory o tra%sa&tio% re!ate( to t*e su.1e&t ve*i&!e# .ut a!so i%7uiri%" )it* t*e PNP-HP )*et*er t*e sa0e )as &ar%a$$e( or ot*er)ise# I &a% easi!y .e &o%si(ere( as a .uyer i% "oo( ait* T*ere )as %o i%(i&atio% o% t*e a&e o t*e $erti%e%t (o&u0e%ts t*at t*e su.1e&t ve*i&!e )as &ar%a$$e(# 0u&* !ess t*at I (o %ot 2%o) t*e %ature o t*e tra%sa&tio% .et)ee% Mr Lu a%( FENI9 as I )as %ot a $arty t*ereto I% a&t# a PNP Motor ?e*i&!e C!eara%&e Certii&ate G (ate( 4 Ja%uary 34+6 )as issue( &ertiyi%" t*at t*e su.1e&t Pors&*e Boxster )as %ot i% t*e !ist o sto!e% ve*i&!es at t*e ti0e I .ou"*t t*e sa0e ro0 Mr Lu %%. T*us# t*e $resu0$tio% o o)%ers*i$ &reate( .y Mr Lu;s &ertii&ate sta%(s %'. Furt*er0ore# &o%si(eri%" t*at at t*e ti0e Mr Lu oere( to 0e t*e Pors&*e Boxster a%( I .ou"*t t*e sa0e o% t*e .asis o extra or(i%ary (i!i"e%&e I exerte( to veriy t*e aut*e%ti&ity a%( va!i(ity o t*e (o&u0e%ts u%(er *is %a0e# I &a%%ot .e *e!( !ia.!e or &ar%a$$i%" I (i( %ot tra%sa&t )it* t*e &o0$!ai%a%t %eit*er (i( I too2 t*e ve*i&!e ro0 *i0 I% a&t# %eit*er (i( *e $ro(u&e $erti%e%t (o&u0e%ts t*at *e *as a &!ai0 or %oti&e i!e( )it* t*e LTO or PNP over t*e su.1e&t ve*i&!e )*e% I &o%(u&te( t*orou"* i%vesti"atio% %3.
I% !1ante /& Serwelas-# t*e Su$re0e Court *e!( t*at/ xxx Petitio%ers )is* to esta.!is* .a( ait* o% t*e $art o res$o%(e%t or $ur&*asi%" a 1ee$%ey )*i&* )as re"istere( %ot to A0a%te Motors .ut to Da%i!o Bi&o0o%" >as t*is sui&ie%t $roo o .a( ait* o% t*e $art o a $ur&*aser
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P!ease see !nne" #$ # id R No +5<63# Se$te0.er <4# 3446
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>*atever i%ter%a! arra%"e0e%t t*e 0otor s*o$ 0ay *ave *a( )it* Bi&o0o%" re"ar(i%" )*y t*e !atter;s ve*i&!e )as a0o%" t*ose o% (is$!ay i% its $re0ises )as %ot t*e res$o%si.i!ity o res$o%(e%t .uyer to i%7uire i%to >*at )as &ru&ia! )as t*e va!i( &ertii&ate o re"istratio% i% Bi&o0o%";s %a0e# true a%( &!ea% o% its a&e Res$o%(e%t .uyer )as %ot re7uire( to "o .eyo%( t*at xxx
%(. It is *i"*!y i%&re(i.!e t*at &o0$!ai%a%t rueu!!y a!!e"e( t*at I re&eive( a%( a&2%o)!e("e( t*e a!!e"e( $ay0e%t usi%" a Dee( o Sa!e %otari'e( .y a &ertai% Atty erva&io B O$ti'# Jr +4 O% t*e &o%trary# I :/ '( o+( :'o */( /;*(+ 6(7/( I :/ '( 6;( o '( Po7'( Bo9( ); (2(( :2' !. L. %5. T*us# I see %o reaso% )*y I s*ou!( .e *e!( !ia.!e or &ar%a$$i%"# as re&2!ess!y i%siste( .y &o0$!ai%a%t >it* t*e e!e0e%ts o &ar%a$$i%" !a&2i%" a"ai%st 0e# t*e i%sta%t &ase 0ust ai! II. T'( ()(*(+ o F/)227/2o+ +( ///' 1, A27)( 1<= o '( R(>2( P(+/) Co( /( /6(+.
%6. Li2e)ise# 0y !a)yers are &o%vi%&e( t*at I a0 %ot !ia.!e or a!sii&atio% u%(er Arti&!e +3 8+: o t*e Revise( Pe%a! Co(e# )*i&* $rovi(es t*at/ ART +3 Falsifiation + priat# indiid"als and "s# of falsifi#d do"m#nts. T*e $e%a!ty o prision orr#ional i% its 0e(iu0 a%( 0axi0u0 $erio(s a%( a i%e o %ot 0ore t*a% 6#444 $esos s*a!! .e i0$ose( u$o%/ xxx xxx xxx + A%y $rivate i%(ivi(ua! )*o s*a!! &o00it a%y o t*e a!sii&atio%s e%u0erate( i% t*e %ext $re&e(i%" arti&!e i% a%y ot*er 2i%( o &o00er&ia! (o&u0e%t xxx A%y $erso% )*o s*a!! 2%o)i%"!y i%tro(u&e i% evi(e%&e i% a%y 1u(i&ia! $ro&ee(i%" or to t*e (a0a"e o a%ot*er or )*o# )it* t*e i%te%t to &ause su&* (a0a"e# s*a!! use a%y o t*e a!se (o&u0e%ts e0.ra&e( i% t*e %ext $re&e(i%" arti&!e or i% a%y o t*e ore"oi%" su.(ivisio%s o t*is arti&!e# s*a!! .e $u%is*e( .y t*e $e%a!ty %ext !o)er i% (e"ree
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P6# Co0$!ai%t-Ai(avit
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%&. I% Santos2 3r& /& People of the Philippines # t*e Su$re0e Court e%u0erate( t*e e!e0e%ts o a!sii&atio% u%(er Arti&!e +3 8+: o t*e Revise( Pe%a! Co(e# t*us/ xxx 8+: t*at t*e oe%(er is a $rivate i%(ivi(ua! or a $u.!i& oi&er or e0$!oyee )*o (i( %ot ta2e a(va%ta"e o *is oi&ia! $ositio% 83: t*at *e &o00itte( a%y o t*e a&ts o a!sii&atio% e%u0erate( i% Arti&!e ++ a%( 8<: t*at t*e a!sii&atio% )as &o00itte( i% a $u.!i&# oi&ia! or &o00er&ia! (o&u0e%t xxx
%). .e!o)
Neit*er o t*e ore"oi%" e!e0e%ts exist a"ai%st 0e as (is&usse(
L/7? o ?+o:)(( '/ '( D(( o S/)( 6(:((+ FENIX /+ !. L :/ @/?( +(/( '( 72*( o /)227/2o+.
%9. I a0 %ot a $arty to t*e sa!e t*at tra%s$ire( .et)ee% Mr Lu a%( FENI9 I% a&t# I o%!y !ear%e( o t*e a!!e"e( sa!e o t*e su.1e&t ve*i&!e )*e% Mr Lu $ro$ose( to se!! to 0e t*e Pors&*e Boxster )*i&* )as a!rea(y re"istere( i% Mr Lu;s %a0e Furt*er# a%( to e0$*asi'e# I exer&ise( (ue (i!i"e%&e i% i%vesti"ati%" o% t*e *istory o tra%sa&tio% re!ate( to t*e su.1e&t ve*i&!e Ater t*orou"* i%vesti"atio%# I )as &o%vi%&e( t*at Mr Lu is t*e true o)%er o sai( ve*i&!e '*. Furt*er# *; /+/72o+ o '( /78222o+ o '( >('27)( :/ :2' !. L, +o :2' FENIX. I% t*at &ase# *o) &a% I *ave $ossi.!y &ause to a$$ear t*at &o0$!ai%a%t *ave $arti&i$ate( i% t*e sa!e .et)ee% FENI9 a%( Mr Lu# as su""este( .y &o0$!ai%a%t >it* a!! (ue res$e&t# t*is is very a.sur( a%( ri(i&u!ous '%. Co%si(eri%" t*at t*e OR=CR o t*e PORSCHE BO9TER is (u!y re"istere( u%(er Mr Lu;s %a0e# )e exe&ute( a &orres$o%(i%" Dee( o A.so!ute Sa!e over t*e su.1e&t ve*i&!e or &o%si(eratio% a0ou%ti%" to Nine Hundred Thousand Pesos 8P44#44444: ''. T*ereore# I i00e(iate!y tra%serre( t*e ve*i&!e u%(er 0y %a0e as %e) o)%er t*ereo Page | 6
'3. C!ear!y# I (i( %ot exe&ute %or &ause( i%tro(u&tio% o a!siie( (o&u0e%ts i% or(er to a&7uire o)%ers*i$ o t*e ve*i&!e Nor (i( I use a%y a!siie( (o&u0e%t to ee&t t*e tra%ser o o)%ers*i$ o sai( ve*i&!e to 0y %a0e III. T'( ()(*(+ o 7o+2/7; '/>( +o 6((+ (/6)2'(.
'(. Fi%a!!y# &o0$!ai%a%t is 0a2i%" a% i0$ressio% t*at I# to"et*er )it* t*e ot*er res$o%(e%ts# are i% &o%%iva%&e or t*e tra%ser to t*e su.1e&t ve*i&!e 2%o)i%" t*at &o0$!ai%a%t is a!!e"e(!y t*e o)%er t*ereo I 6( o 2(. '5. I (i( %ot eve% 0eet %or &o00u%i&ate( )it* res$o%(e%t Mi&*ae! o )it* res$e&t to t*e su.1e&t Pors&*e Boxster To reiterate# I o%!y &o00u%i&ate( )it* Mr Lu i% or(er or 0e to $ur&*ase t*e sai( ve*i&!e Si%&e I (i( %ot (o so# *o) &a% t*ere .e a &o%s&ious (esi"% .et)ee% a!! res$o%(e%ts a%( or 0e to a&7uire t*e sai( ve*i&!e '6. Co%s$ira&y exists )*e% t)o or 0ore $erso%s &o0e to a% a"ree0e%t &o%&er%i%" t*e &o00issio% o a e!o%y a%( (e&i(e to &o00it it++ '&. I% 4ahilidad /& People%# t*e Su$re0e Court e!u&i(ate( t*e &o%&e$t o &o%s$ira&y i% t*is )ise/ xxx T*ere is &o%s$ira&y )*e% t)o or 0ore $erso%s &o0e to a% a"ree0e%t &o%&er%i%" t*e &o00issio% o a e!o%y a%( (e&i(e to &o00it it Co%s$ira&y is %ot $resu0e( Li2e t*e $*ysi&a! a&ts &o%stituti%" t*e &ri0e itse!# t*e e!e0e%ts o &o%s$ira&y 0ust .e $rove% .eyo%( reaso%a.!e (ou.t >*i!e &o%s$ira&y %ee( %ot .e esta.!is*e( .y (ire&t evi(e%&e# or it 0ay .e i%erre( ro0 t*e &o%(u&t o t*e a&&use( .eore# (uri%" a%( ater t*e &o00issio% o t*e &ri0e# a!! ta2e% to"et*er# *o)ever# t*e evi(e%&e 0ust .e stro%" e%ou"* to s*o) t*e &o00u%ity o &ri0i%a! (esi"% For &o%s$ira&y to exist# it is esse%tia! t*at t*ere 0ust .e a &o%s&ious (esi"% to
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Arti&!e G# Revise( Pe%a! Co(e ,+6 SCRA 6
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&o00it a% oe%se Co%s$ira&y is t*e $ro(u&t o i%te%tio%a!ity o% t*e $art o t*e &o*orts It is %e&essary t*at a &o%s$irator s*ou!( *ave $eror0e( so0e overt a&t as a (ire&t or i%(ire&t &o%tri.utio% to t*e exe&utio% o t*e &ri0e &o00itte( T*e overt a&t 0ay &o%sist o a&tive $arti&i$atio% i% t*e a&tua! &o00issio% o t*e &ri0e itse!# or it 0ay &o%sist o 0ora! assista%&e to *is &o-&o%s$irators .y .ei%" $rese%t at t*e &o00issio% o t*e &ri0e or .y exerti%" 0ora! as&e%(a%&y over t*e ot*er &o-&o%s$irators He%&e# t*e 0ere $rese%&e o a% a&&use( at t*e (is&ussio% o a &o%s$ira&y# eve% a$$rova! o it# )it*out a%y a&tive $arti&i$atio% i% t*e sa0e# is %ot e%ou"* or $ur$oses o &o%vi&tio% xxx
'). A$$!yi%" t*e aore-state( (o&tri%e# it is a$$are%t t*at I a0 %ot i% &o%%iva%&e or &o%s$ira&y )it* ot*er res$o%(e%ts T*e Co0$!ai%tAi(avit si0$!y revea!e( a ai!e( .usi%ess $art%ers*i$ .et)ee% res$o%(e%t Mr o a%( &o0$!ai%a%t Co0$!ai%a%t a(0itte( t*at *e "ave Mr o a% aut*ority to se!! t*e sai( ve*i&!e# a%( e%truste( $ossessio% a%( &o%tro! o t*e Pors&*e Boxster to t*e !atter +< Li2e)ise# &o0$!ai%a%t a(0itte( t*at *e *a( 2%o)!e("e o t*e a.ove-0e%tio%e( sa!e o t*e Pors&*e Boxster +5 .ut t*e $ro&ee(s t*ereo )ere %ot re0itte( .y res$o%(e%t Mr o Due to t*e ore"oi%"# &o0$!ai%a%t 1u0$e( t*e "u% i% &o%&!u(i%" t*at I a0 i% &o%%iva%&e )it* Mr o a%( t*e ot*er res$o%(e%ts T'2 2 7)(/); 2))o27/). '9. I a0 e%"a"e( i% t*e .uyi%" a%( se!!i%" o 0otor ve*i&!es or years T*rou"* 0y ex$erie%&e# I 0a2e it sure t*at .eore I .ou"*t a%y ve*i&!e or 0y (is$osa!# I exer&ise extre0e &autio% i% or(er to $reve%t a%y &o0$!i&atio%s T*e $ur&*ase o t*e su.1e&t Pors&*e Boxster is %o ex&e$tio% As state( ear!ier# I re7ueste( or o%e 8+: )ee2 .eore I &!ose( t*e sa!e )it* Mr Lu Duri%" t*at $erio(# I i%vesti"ate( o% t*e (o&u0e%ts a%( t*e $revious tra%sa&tio%s surrou%(i%" t*e sai( ve*i&!e Ater o.tai%i%" t*e re!eva%t i%or0atio% a%( (o&u0e%ts $ertai%i%" to t*e su.1e&t ve*i&!e# I (e&i(e )*et*er I )i!! $ur&*ase t*e sa0e 3*. Fro0 t*e ore"oi%"# it is &rysta! &!ear t*at &o%s$ira&y .et)ee% 0e a%( ot*er res$o%(e%ts is *i"*!y i0$ossi.!e a%( )ou!( *ave %ever o&&urre( 3%. A!! to!(# t*e a&&usatio%s a"ai%st 0e or &ar%a$$i%" a%( a!sii&atio% o t*e (o&u0e%ts over PORSCHE BO9STER are tota!!y a!se a%( .ase!ess Co%si(eri%" t*e ore"oi%"# t*ere is %ot*i%" !et to (o or t*is 13 14
P<# Co0$!ai%t-Ai(avit P5# d.
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Ho%ora.!e Oi&e .ut to (is0iss t*e i%sta%t &ase a"ai%st 0e as t*e $rose&utio% a"ai%st 0e )i!! .e a )aste o "over%0e%t u%(s )*i&* s*ou!( *ave .ee% i%te%(e( to ot*er i0$orta%t 0atter 3'. T*e Su$re0e Court# i% Ledes1a /& Court of !ppeals%5# (is&usse( t*e $ur$oses o a $re!i0i%ary i%vesti"atio% T*us/ xxx T*e $ri0ary o.1e&tive o a $re!i0i%ary i%vesti"atio% is to ree res$o%(e%t ro0 t*e i%&o%ve%ie%&e# ex$e%se# i"%o0i%y a%( stress o (ee%(i%" *i0se!=*erse! i% t*e &ourse o a or0a! tria!# u%ti! t*e reaso%a.!e $ro.a.i!ity o *is or *er "ui!t i% a 0ore or !ess su00ary $ro&ee(i%" .y a &o0$ete%t oi&e (esi"%ate( .y !a) or t*at $ur$ose Se&o%(ari!y# su&* su00ary $ro&ee(i%" a!so $rote&ts t*e state ro0 t*e .ur(e% o t*e u%%e&essary ex$e%se a% eort i% $rose&uti%" a!!e"e( oe%ses a%( i% *o!(i%" tria!s arisi%" ro0 a!se# rivo!ous or "rou%(!ess &*ar"es xxx
33. Furt*er# i% t*e &ase o Co5uangco /& PC %6 # t*e Su$re0e Court sai(# t*at/ xxx A!t*ou"* su&* a $re!i0i%ary i%vesti"atio% is %ot a tria! a%( is %ot i%te%(e( to usur$ t*e u%&tio% o t*e tria! &ourt# it is %ot a &asua! aair T*e oi&er &o%(u&ti%" t*e sa0e i%vesti"ates or i%7uires i%to t*e a&ts &o%&er%i%" t*e &o00issio% o t*e &ri0e )it* t*e e%( i% vie) o (eter0i%i%" )*et*er or %ot a% i%or0atio% 0ay .e $re$are( a"ai%st t*e a&&use( I%(ee(# a $re!i0i%ary i%vesti"atio% is i% ee&t a rea!isti& 1u(i&ia! a$$raisa! o t*e 0erits o t*e &ase Sui&ie%t $roo o t*e "ui!t o t*e a&&use( 0ust .e a((u&e( so t*at )*e% t*e &ase is trie(# t*e tria! &ourt 0ay %ot .e .ou%( as a 0atter o !a) to or(er a% a&7uitta! A $re!i0i%ary i%vesti"atio% *as t*e% .ee% &a!!e( a 1u(i&ia! i%7uiry It is a 1u(i&ia! $ro&ee(i%" A% a&t .e&o0es 1u(i&ia! )*e% t*ere is o$$ortu%ity to .e *ear( a%( or# t*e $ro(u&tio% a%( )ei"*i%" o evi(e%&e# a%( a (e&isio% is re%(ere( t*ereo% T*e aut*ority o a $rose&utor or i%vesti"ati%" oi&er (u!y e0$o)ere( to $resi(e or to &o%(u&t a $re!i0i%ary i%vesti"atio% is %o !ess t*a% t*at o a 0u%i&i$a! 1u("e or eve% a re"io%a! tria! &ourt 1u("e >*i!e t*e i%vesti"ati%" oi&er# stri&t!y s$ea2i%" is %ot a K1u("e#K .y t*e %ature o *is u%&tio%s *e is a%( 0ust .e &o%si(ere( to .e a /"asi-0"diial oi&er xxx
3(. O% a i%a! %ote# t*ese a!se &*ar"es &ause( 0e e0.arrass0e%t %ot o%!y to 0y .usi%ess &o!!ea"ues# .ut a!so to 0y a0i!y As t*e sa0e )as o%!y (o%e .y &o0$!ai%a%t to tar%is* 0y re$utatio% a%( *is assertio%s are .ase( o% 0ere &o%1e&tures a%( a!se state0e%ts# I a0 i!i%" a &ri0i%a! &ase 15 16
G.R. No. 113=1. 05 S((*6( 1$$<. G.R. No. $=31$-=0, 0= O7o6( 1$$0.
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a"ai%st *i0 or $er1ury u%(er Arti&!e +G< o t*e Revise( Pe%a! Co(e si0u!ta%eous )it* t*e i!i%" o t*is Cou%ter-Ai(avit 35. I exe&ute( t*is Cou%ter-Ai(avit to attest to t*e trut* o t*e ore"oi%" a&ts a%( &ir&u0sta%&es a%( to i0$u"% t*e &ri0es o Car%a$$i%" a%( Fa!sii&atio% &*ar"e( a"ai%st 0e .y &o0$!ai%a%t I $ray or t*e outri"*t (is0issa! o t*e i%sta%t &ase IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I *ave *ereu%to set 0y *a%( o% t*is 35 t* (ay o Mar&* 34+6
"OWELL "O N. CHING Affiant SUBSCRIBED AND SWORN TO BEFORE !E t*is 36 t* (ay o Mar&* 34+6 i% Pasay City I *ere.y &ertiy t*at I exa0i%e( t*e aia%t a%( I a0 satisie( t*at *e vo!u%tari!y exe&ute( t*is Cou%ter-Ai(avit
HON. DOLORES P RILLERA 124R !2$7 C7 $R412C4R CERTIFICATION
I *ere.y &ertiy t*at I *ave $erso%a!!y exa0i%e( t*e aia%t a%( t*at I a0 satisie( t*at *e vo!u%tari!y exe&ute( a%( u%(erstoo( *is ai(avit
HON. DOLORES P RILLERA 124R !2$7 C7 $R412C4R
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