Concept And Meaning Of Tourism Product
Tourism is a single industry but it is made of different industries such as hotel, airlines, travel agency, trekking agency etc. Each one of them provides individual product or they combine together to provide travel experience. Any visit to a tourism destination comprises a mix of several components of different organizations. A traveler may buy all the travel components from a commercial supplier, for example, travel agency as a single product or may buy travel components individually from different suppliers. Tourism product is a group of components or e lements brought together in a 'bundle' to satisfy the consumer's need. A tourism product is anything that can be offered for attraction, acquisition or consumption. It includes physical objects, services, personalities, places, organizations and ideas. Generally, tourism product is designed as an augmented product, which is the totality of benefits that a traveler receives or e xperiences in obtaining the formal product. People do not buy products, they buy expectation of benefits. Therefore, tourism product is an amalgam of w hat a traveler does and experience during a tour. The se rvice used and the products purchased during the trip are products. Tourism product is the total experience of t he visitors. It includes everything and every pe rson they come into contact with during their st ay. The tourism product is more than simple attraction or accommodation. Tourism product is primarily an experience not a good. It is the total of travel experience not a good. From a consumer's view, tourism product is a bundle of benefits and choose those which give them the best bundle. Tourism product includes all the necessary elements of product plus luxury and status. So, tourism product is and experience o f place ( Location and people) at a particular time. The basics of tourism product formulation are selling experience, which they c annot get at home. They buy experience, which is different from everyday's job. A tourism product is an object that attracts tourists. A tourism product normally has the following elements: accommodation, transportation, dining and entertainment as well as attractions and tours. These elements are meant to give the tourist a whole round experience fr om the tourism product.
• (Burkat and Medlik), namely tourism products to an array of integr ated products, which consist of
objects and attractions, transportation, accommodation and entertainment, where each element of the tourism product is prepared by individual companies and are offered separately t o consumers (tourist / tourist).
• (Medlik and Middleton), the tourism product consists of a variety of elements which is a package that
is not integral to each other and meet the needs of tourists from leaving his residence to the place of destination and back again to the place of origin.
Based on both this sense, it can be concluded that there are 3 (three) elements that form a Tourism Product, namely: 1. Destination Attractiveness of 2. Facilities of Destinations 3. Ease of Destinations
Furthermore, the three elements together and produces an image of a destination, whether good or bad. Here there are a number of 6 (six) tourism product elements that make up an integrated tourism package described on a needs basis wisatwan, among others: 1. Objects and Attractions; 2. Services Travel Agents & Tour Operators; 3. Service Transportation Company; 4. Accommodation Services, Restaurants, Recreation and Entertainment; 5. Services Souvenir (Souvenir); 6. Business Services Support.
Understanding the tourism product in depth can be done by first memehami characteristics of tourism products, among others: 1. Can not be moved 2. No need for intermediaries (middlemen) to achieve satisfaction
3. Can not be stockpiled or stored 4. Strongly influenced by non-economic factors 5. Can not be tried or sampled 6. Highly dependent on human factors 7. Having a high level of risk in t erms of investment 8. does not have an objective standard or measure in assessing the level of product quality.
Definition of Tourism Products
Tourism product is a series of interrelated services, namely services produced from various companies (economically), community services (social aspect) and natural service. According Suswantoro (2007:75) on substantially the understanding of tourism products "is obtained and the overall service felt or enjoyed by tourists since he left his residence to the tourist destination of his choice and to return home where she originally departed"
Tourism products as one of the objects in the supply of tourism marketing have the main elements which consist of 3 parts (Oka A. Yoeti, 2002:211): 1. Attractiveness of tourist destinations, including the image of envisioned by tourists 2. Facilities owned tourist destination, including accommodation, food processing businesses, parking, transportation, recreation and others. 3. The ease to reach these destinations.
Mason (2000:46) and Poerwanto (1998:53) has made the formulation of the components of to urism products namely: 1. Attractions, which is a good tourist attraction of natural, cultural or man-made such as fe stivals or performing arts 2. Accessibility, the ease of obtaining or achieving organizational goals such as tourism, tourism (travel agents)
3. Amenities of the facility to obtain pleasure. In this case can take the form of accommodation, cleanliness and hospitality 4. Networking, the network of c ooperation relating to the products offered by local, national or international.
Product Tour
Tourism product is something that can be offered to tourists to visit a tourist destination. Tourism products can be either natural, cultural and community handicrafts. There are some opinions that dikemukan by experts against the understanding of tourism pr oducts, including:
• According Gooddall (1991: 63), starting from the availability of tourism products that tangible
resources (tangible) to intangible assets (intangible) and the totality is more inclined to the category of intangible services (intangible).
• According to Burns and Holden (1989:172) stated the tourism product as everything that can be sold
and produced by combining factors of production, consumers are interested in interesting places, indigenous cultures and cultural festivals.
• According to Kotler and Armstrong (1989:463), namely as something offered to t he consumer or
market share to satisfy the wishes and desires are included in the physical objects, se rvices, human resources involved in the organization and breakthroughs or new ideas.
• Suwantoro (1997:49), argues the to urism product is the overall service provided and felt or enjoyed by
tourists since he left his residence, to the tourist destination has been chosen and returned to the house where she originally departed.
• Bukart and Medlik (in Yoeti, 1986:151) describe the struc ture of the tourism product as an integrated
product, which consists of tourism, tourist attractions, transportation (transportation services), accommodation and entertainment in which each element is prepared by individual companies and offered separately.
From some understanding of the above, can be described that the tourism product is a service that can be enjoyed by tourists from the place of origin, in a tourist destination, until returning to the house, which is supported by tourist attractions, facilities and services, product price, accessibility support that can facilitate travel activities. The key differences between a tourism product and a manufactured product.
The tourism product is defined by many as an intangible product to the customer, a service/ experience the customer can only have once purchased this is stated in Middletons definition, the tourism product "may be defined as a bundle or package of tangible and intangible components, based on activity at a destination. The package is perceived by the tourist as an experience available at a price ." (Middleton & Clarke, 2001) In the most basic form the tourism product is a service and not a typical tangible product, "the purchase of a package tour is a speculative investment, involving a high degree of trust on the part of the purchaser". (Holloway, 2002) This means that the to urism product is almost a promise of an experience to the consumer. The five characteristics of service sector industries are Intangibility, Perishability, Heterogeneity, Inseparability, and Lack of ownership. With the tourism product being a service the more tangible and the m ore personal to the customer the product is the more appealing the product is. If the customer feels that the tourism service is intangible and that the purchase has a lack of ownership then the purchase is not as att ractive to the potential customer. However if the idea of the tourism product is portrayed correctly by the organisation then the potential customer will feel like the tourism product is almost as good as a manufactured product. What sets the tourism product aside from an everyday manufactured product purchased by a consumer is that when a customer purchases a tangible good they can see, touch, t est,... Tourism production system link http://www.slideshare.net/magielsr/t1-tourism-system-presentation-948850
