Computer Systems Servicing Learning Module k to 12

Republic of the Philippines DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

Competency Based Curriculum Technology and Livelihood Education Learning Module

COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING BASIC COURSE Grades 7 and Grade 8

TABLE OF CONTENTS What Is This Module About? .................................................................................. .. How Do You Use This Module ............................................................................... ! Use Ha"d LESSON Tools ................................................................  ........ LESSON ! %e&'o&( Me"su&atio" a"d )al*ulatio" ................................ 2 LESSON !%&e,a&e a"d I"te&,&et T e*h"i*al 3 D&awi"- ............................ LESSON ! %&a*ti*e O**u,atio"al Sa'et/ a"d Health ............ ............ ..... # A"swe& 1e/s ............................................................................. .....................

A*2"owled-(e"t ................................................................ .....................................

2 3 ! # 3$ ! 3 #+ ! # +3 0 +# $3

$ 0 #   2

COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton

1

What Is This Module About? Welcome to the world of Computer Systems Servicing! This Module is an exploratory course which leads you to Computer Systems " Servicing National Certificate Level II  NC II! # It covers 4 common competencies that a $rade % & $rade ' Technolo(y and Livelihood )ducation TL)! student li*e you ou(ht to possess+ namely, "! /! 0! 1!

-se hand tools. Perform mensuration and calculation. Prepare and interpret technical drawin(. and Practice ccupational health and safety procedures#

These 4 common competencies are covered separately in 1 Lessons# 2s shown below+ each Lesson is directed to the attainment of two or more learnin( outcomes, Lesson " 3 Use Hn! Too"s Learnin( 4utcome L4! " 5 Prepare hand tools Learnin( 4utcome L4! /5 -se appropriate hand tools and test e6uipment Learnin( 4utcome L4! 0 5 Maintain hand tools Lesson / 3Per#orm C"cu"tion n! Mensurtion Learnin( 4utcome L4! " 5 Select components to be measured Learnin( 4utcome L4! / 5 Carry out measurements and calculation Lesson 0 3Prepre n! Interpret Tec$nic" Dr%ing Learnin( 4utcome L4! " 5 Identify different kinds of technical drawing Learnin( 4utcome L4! / 5 Interpret technical drawing Lesson 1 3Prctice Occuption" He"t$ n! S#ety Proce!ures Learnin( 4utcome L4! " 5 Identify hazards and risks Learnin( 4utcome L4! / 5 Evaluate hazards and risks Learnin( 4utcome L4! 0 5 Control hazards and risks 7our success in this exploratory course onComputer Systems Servicing is shown in your ability to perform the performance standards found in each learnin( outcome#

CERTIFICATE (NC) is a certification issued to individuals who achieved all the required units of competency for a national qualification as defined under the Training Regulations. NCs are aligned to specific levels within the PTQF. (TESDA Board Resolution 1 NATIONAL

No. 2004!"# Trainin$ Re$ulations Fra%e&or') NATIONAL CERTIFICATE LEEL refers to the four !" qualification levels defined in the Philippine T #$T Qualifications Framewor% PTQF" where the wor%er with& a. NC I performs a routine and predicta'le tas%s( has little )udgment( and* wor%s under supervision( '. NC II performs prescri'ed range of functions involving %nown routines and procedures( ha s limited choice and comple+ity of functions* and has little accounta'ility(


2

How Do You Use This Module? This Module has 1 Lessons# )ach Lesson has the followin( parts# Learnin( 4utcomes Performance 8tandards Materials&Resources

9efinition of Terms What What 9o 9o 7ou 7ou 2lready Need to :now; :now;
8tandards# These tell you what you should *now and be able to do at the end of this Module# /# >indoutwhatyoualready*nowbyta*in(thePretestthenchec*youranswer a(ainstthe2nswer:ey#Ifyou(et??to"@@Aoftheitemscorrectly+youmay proceed to the next Lesson#This means that you need not (o throu(h the Lesson because you already *now what it is about# If you failed to (et ?? to "@@A correctly+ (othrou(htheLessona(ainandreview especially thoseitemswhichyoufailedto (et# 0# 9othere6uiredLearnin(2ctivities#They be(inwithoneormoreInformation 8heets# 2n Information 8heet contains important notes or basic information that you need to *now# 2fterreadin(theInformation8heet+testyourselfonhowmuchyoulearnedby means of the 8elf5chec*#Refer to the 2nswer :ey for correction#9o not hesitate to (o bac* to the Information 8heet when you do not (et alltest itemscorrectly#This will ensure your mastery of basic information# 1# 9emonstratewhatyoulearnedbydoin( whatthe2ctivity&4peration&Bob8heet directs you to do# # 7ou must be abl e to apply what you hav e learned in anoth er activity or in real life situation# D# 2ccomplish the 8corin( Rubrics for you to *now how well you performed# )ach Lesson also provides you with references and definition of *ey terms for your (uide# They can be of (reat help# -se them fully#

If you have 6uestions+ as* your teacher for assistance#

# COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton

#

LESSON 1 Use Hand Tools

LEARNING OUTCOMES: At the end of this Lesson, you are e!e"ted to do the fo##o$in%:

LO &' !re!are hand too#s( LO )' use t( a!!ro!riate hand too#s and too#s' test e*ui!+en and LO ' +aintain hand


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Definition of Te!s Bin - a container or enclosed space for storage. Computer chassis - the enclosure that contains most of the components of a computer. Diagnostic tools - used to test the integrity of circuits and the quality of electricity in computer components and to test the functionality of computer ports. Hazards - risks; dangers. Insulation - - - - - - a material that reduces or prevents the transmission of heat or sound or electricity. Nozzle - - - - - - - - -a projecting part with an opening, as at the end of a hose, for regulating and directing a flow of fluid. Preventive - intended or used to prevent or hinder. Static electricity - an accumulation of electric charge on an insulated body. Tool - - - - - - - - - a handheld device that aids in accomplishing a task. Toolkit - - - - - - - a set of tools designed to be used together or for a particular purpose.

A"on#!s ESD - - - - - - - - - Electrostatic discharge. US& 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 -niversal serial bus 'CD 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Li6uid crystal display


%

LEARNING OUTCOME & Prepre $n! too"s

-ERFORMANCE STAN.AR.S

"# Tas*s to be underta*en are properly identified# /# 2ppropriate hand tools are identified and selected accordin( to the tas* re6uirements# 0# 2ppropriate hand tools chec*ed for proper operation and safety 1# -nsafe or faulty tools areidentified # Mar*ed all tools for repair accordin( to standard company procedures

Mateials "# /# 0# 1# # D# %# '# ?#

Wor*shop Tables and Chairs Computers -8= >lash 9rive LC9 )89 Tools

&

What Do You Alead# $now? 'et us !etermine $o% muc$ you "re!y (no% )out ts( preprtion n! $n! too"s* T(e t$is test* Pretest L4 "

 Direction Write TR-) if the statement is correct and >2L8) if it is wron(# Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper# EEEEEEE

"#

8electin( the best tool for each tas* re6uires trainin( in the proper use of the tools+ field experience in their safe use+ and followin( the manufacturerFs (uidance and instructions for that specific tool# Whenobtainin(thetool+alltheassociatedtoolin(andconsumableparts+ as recommended by the manufacturer+ must be included#

EEEEEEE

/#

EEEEEEE

0#

EEEEEEE

1#

The safe use of a tool depends on usin( the tool for the purpose for which it was desi(ned and also for other purposes where it can be used as substitute where tool is not available# 2ll tools should be *ept in (ood condition with re(ular maintenance#

EEEEEEE

#

Preparin( for a tas* includes only *nowin( the tas* to be done#

EEEEEEE

D#

Preparin( for a tas* includes also the se6uence of tas*s to be done#

B Direction* 8elect the letter of the correct answer# Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper# "# Which tool is used for hardware to stand on to prevent static electricity from buildin( up; a# 2nti5static mat c# Philips head screwdriver b#
a# b# 1# Which a#

2nti5static mat c# Philips head screwdriver
b# tool lat head screwdriver D# Whichtoolisusedtocleandifferentcomputercomponentswithoutscratchin(or leavin( debris; a# PartRetriever c#Cableties COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING K to 12 – Technology and Livelihood Educaon

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b# Lint5free Cloth d# >lat head screwdriver Which toolis used to bundle cables neatly inside and outside of a computer; a# PartRetriever c#Cableties b# Lint5free Cloth d# >lat head screwdriver '# Which tool is used to loosen or ti(hten slotted screws; a# PartRetriever c#Cableties b# Lint5free Cloth d# >lat head screwdriver ?# Which tool is used to loosen or ti(hten screws that have a star5li*e depression on the top+ a feature that is mainly found on laptop; a# 2nti5static mat c# Philips head screwdriver b# Torx screwdriver d# Wire cutter "@# Which tool is used to blow away dust and debris from different computer parts %#

without touchin( the a# 2nti5static matcomponents; c# Compressed air b#
What Do You Need To $now? Re! In#ormtion S$eet +*+ very %e"" t$en #in! out $o% muc$ you cn remem)er n! $o% muc$ you "erne! )y !oing Se"#,c$ec( +*+*

Information 8heet "#"

Proper too" se"ection 2 tool is a handheld device that aids in accomplishin( a tas*# Tools ran(e from a traditional metal cuttin( part of a machine to an element of a computer pro(ram that activates and controls a particular function# Prepring #or t$e ts( to )e un!ert(en inc"u!es proper too" se"ection* "# irst+ *now and understand in detail the scope of wor* to be accomplished+ second+ plan for the scope ta*in( into account the se6uence of tas*s# /# 8electin( the best tool for each tas* re6uires trainin( in the proper use of the tools+ field experience in specific their safe use+ and followin( the manufacturerFs (uidance and instructions for that tool# 0# When obtainin( the tool all the associated toolin( and consumable parts+ as recommended by the manufacturer+ must be included# In addition+ related consumable parts must also be selected and used accordin( to their manufacturerFs instructions#

COMPUTER ()R*+)RE SERVICING K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton

,

Sa"e #se o" tools 4nce selected+ use the tool for the purpose for which it was desi(ned# Not all tools come with detailed instructions+ but there are those that do spell out the safety H9oFs and 9onFts for the your safety# If there are set5up&use options+ operator Gud(ment must always be based on what is the safest way to use the tool# $nvironmental Sa"ety and Health Program re%uires the "ollo&ing' • • •

• •

2ll tools be *ept in (ood condition with re(ular maintenance The ri(ht tool be used for the Gob )ach tool be examined before use 2N9 dama(ed or defective tools N4T to be used Tools be operated accordin( to manufacturerFs instructions The ri(ht protective e6uipment for the tool and activity be used

HARD-ARE TOO'S To complete hardware repairs+ it is important to have a tool*it that should contain all of the necessary tools# 2s you (ain experience+ you will learn which tools to have available for different types of Gobs#
E"ectro,Sttic Disc$rge .ESD/ Too"s 8tatic electricity is easily (enerated by friction on carpets+ tile floorin(+ clothin(+ hair+ fabric+ and etc# The friction of movin( air alone will char(e suspended particles and cause the buildup of static electrical char(es on people and obGects in the environment# $rounded antistatic wor* mats used with antistatic wrist straps provide the most basic means for the controlled dischar(e of electrostatic electricity# )xamples of )89 Tools,

2nti5static wrist strap 3used to prevent )89 dama(e to computer e6uipment#

2nti5static mat 3 used to stand on or place hardware on to prevent

static electricity from buildin( up#


-

Hn! Too"s 2 $n! too" is a device for performin( wor* on a material or a physical system usin( only hands# The hand tools can be manually used employin( force+ or electrically powered+ usin( electrical current# )xamples of
>lat head screwdriver 3used to loosen or ti(hten slotted screws#

Philips head screwdriver 3 used to loosen or ti(hten cross5 head screws#

Torxscrewdriver5usedtoloosenorti(htenscrewsthat haveastar5li*edepressiononthetop+afeaturethatis mainly found on laptop#

Needle5nose plier 3 used to hold small parts#

COMPUTER ()R*+)RE SERVICING

1.

K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton

Wire cutter 3 used to strip and cut wires#

TweeJers 3 used to manipulate small parts#

Part retriever 3 used to retrieve parts from location that are to small for your hand to fit#

>lashli(ht 3 used to li(ht up areas that you cannot see well#

C"ening Too"s
Lint5freecloth3usedtocleandifferentcomputer

leavin( debris#


componentswithoutscratchin(or 11

Compressed air 3 used to blow away dust and debris from different computer parts without touchin( the components#

Cable ties 3 used to bundle cables neatly inside and outside of a computer#

Parts or(aniJer 3 used to hold screw+ Gumpers+ fasteners and other small parts and prevents them from (ettin( mixed to(ether#

Dignostic Too"s Computers are easier to use and more dependable with each new (eneration of hardware and operatin( system update+ but that doesnKt mean theyKre problem5free#
Multimeter3 used to test the inte(rity of circuits and the 6uality of electricity in computer components#

Loopbac*2dapter3 used to testthefunctionalityof

computerports#


12

How Mu"h Ha%e You Leaned? 8elf5Chec* "#"

 Direction Write TR-) if the statement is correct and >2L8) if it is wron(# Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper# EEEEEEE

"#

8electin( the best tool for each tas* re6uires trainin( in the proper use of the tools+ field experience in their safe use+ and followin( the manufacturerFs (uidance and instructions for that specific tool# When obtainin( the tool+ all the associated toolin( and consumable parts+ as recommended by the manufacturer+ must be included#

EEEEEEE

/#

EEEEEEE

0#

EEEEEEE

1#

The safe use of a tool depends on usin( the tool for the purpose for which it was desi(ned and also for other purposes where it can be used as substitute where tool is not available# 2ll tools should be *ept in (ood condition with re(ular maintenance#

EEEEEEE

#

Preparin( for a tas* includes only *nowin( the tas* to be done#

EEEEEEE

D#

Preparin( for a tas* includes also the se6uence of tas*s to be done#

B Direction0 Identify the tools on the boxes# Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper#

"#

/#

'#

?#


1#

0#

"@#

""# "/#

1# C#

D#

"0#

%#

"1#

Re#er to t$e Ans%er 1ey* -$t is your score2


1$

How Do You A&&l# What You Ha%e Leaned? S$o% t$t you "erne! somet$ing )y !oing t$is ctivity* 2ctivity 8heet "#"

Direction0 Prepare a matrix on Plan Preparation in maintainin( and cleanin( a personal computer# 8ome items are already (iven for you# Continue the Table# COMPUTER MAINTENANCE COMPONENTSTOC'EAN Computer case and outside monitor

SCHEDU'E

Too"stouse

9aily sample!

:eyboard

2ctivity 8heet "#/

Direction0 -sin( the (iven tools+ se(re(ate the followin( accordin( to its classification# (he teacher will provide the tools for classification!


1%

How Well Did You 'efo!? Fin! out )y ccomp"is$ing t$e Scoring Ru)ric $onest"y n! sincere"y* Remem)er it is your "erning t st(e3

SCORIN RU&RICS0 #or Activity S$eet +*5 Criteri0 Points

Num)er o# Too"s c"ssi#ie! 5556 7

+6

+9 +8 7 +4 +6 7

: ;

9

87

4

4

+7

5


1&

LEARNING OUTCOME ) Use pproprite $n! too"s n! test e

"# Tools are used accordin( to tas*s underta*en# /# 2ll safety procedures in usin( tools are observed at all times# 0# Malfunctions+ unplanned or unusual events are reported to the supervisor#

Mateials "# /# 0# 1# # D# %# '# ?#


1'

What Do You Alead# $now? 'et us !etermine $o% muc$ you "re!y (no% )out t$e use o# pproprite $n! too"s n! testing e
Pretest L4 /

Direction* >ill in the blan*s# Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper# "# The purpose of an antistatic wrist strap is to EEEEEEEE the electrical char(e between

you and the e6uipment# Turn the screwdriver EEEEEEEEE to ti(hten the screw Turn the screwdriver EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE to loosen the screw# -se a EEEEEEEE head screwdriver with crosshead screws# 4nelectricalcomponents+anexcessivebuildupofdustwillactli*eanEEEEEEEEE and trap the heat# D# When compressed air is used to clean inside the computer+ the air should be blown around the components with a minimum distance of EEEEEE inches from the noJJle# %# Pencils should not be used inside the computer to chan(e the settin( of switches or to pry off Gumpers because the tip contains EEEEE which can act as a conductor and may dama(e the computer components# /# 0# 1# #

'# TocleanthescreensofCRTmonitors+dampenasoft+clean+lint5freeclothwith EEEEEEE water and wipe the screen from top to bottom# ?# Clean the contacts on components with EEEEEEEEE alcohol# "@# -se a EEEEEEEEEE to loosen and ti(hten bolts that have a hexa(onal six5sided!

head#


1,

What Do You Need To $now? Re! t$e In#ormtion S$eet =*+ very %e"" t$en #in! out $o% muc$ you cn remem)er n! $o% muc$ you "erne! )y !oing Se"#,c$ec( +*+*

Information 8heet 0#"

PROPER USE OF TOO'S Proper Use o# ESD Too"s The purpose of an antistatic wrist strap is to e6ualiJe the electrical char(e between you and the e6uipment# The antistatic wrist strap is a conductor that connects your body to the e6uipment that you are wor*in( on# When static electricity builds up in your body+ the connection made by the wrist strap to the e6uipment+ or (round+ channels the electricity throu(h the wire that connects the strap# The wrist strap has two parts and is easy to wear, "# Wrap the strap around your wrist and secure it usin( the snap or elcro# The metal on the bac* of the wrist strap must remain in contact with your s*in at all times# /# 8nap the conn ector at the end of the wire to the wris t strap+ and conn ect the oth er end either to the e6uipment or to the same (roundin( point that the antistatic mat is connected to# The metal s*eleton of the case is a (ood place to connect the wire# When connectin( the wire to e6uipment that you are wor*in( on+ choose an unpainted metal surface# 2 painted surface does not conduct the electricity as well as unpainted metal# 2n antistatic mat is sli(htly conductive# It wor*s by drawin( static electricity away from a component and transferrin( it safely from e6uipment to a (roundin( point, "# Lay the mat on the wor*space next to or under the computer case# /# Clip the mat to the case to provide a (rounded surface on which you can place parts as you remove them from the system#

Reducin( the potential for )89 reduces the li*elihood of dama(e to delicate circuits or components# Proper Use o# Hn! Too"s 2 technician needs to be able to properly use each tool in the tool*it# This topic covers many of the various hand tools used when repairin( computers#


1-

Scre%s Match each screw with the proper screwdriver# Place the tip of the screwdriver on the head of the screw# Turn the screwdriver cloc*wise to ti(hten the screw and countercloc*wise to loosen the screw# 8crews can become stripped if you over5ti(hten them with a screwdriver# 2 stripped screw+ may (et stuc* in the screw hole+ or it may not ti(hten firmly# 9iscard stripped screws# F"t $e! scre%!river -se a flat head screwdriver when you are wor*in( with a slotted screw# 9o not use a flat head screwdriver to remove a Phillips head screw# Never use a screwdriver as a pry bar# If you cannot remove a component+ chec* to see if there is a clip or latch that is securin( the component in place# C2-TI4N, If excessive force is needed to remove or add a component+ somethin( is probably wron(# Ta*e a second loo* to ma*e sure that you have not missed a screw or a loc*in( clip that is holdin( the component in place# Refer to the device manual or dia(ram for additional information# P$i""ips $e! scre%!river -se a Phillips head screwdriver with crosshead screws# 9o not use this type of screwdriver to puncture anythin(# This will dama(e the head of the screwdriver# He> !river -se a hex driver to loosen and ti(hten bolts that have a hexa(onal six5sided! head#
Proper Use o# C"ening Mteri"s :eepin( computers clean inside and out is a vital part of a maintenance pro(ram# 9irt can cause problems with thecomponents+ physical operation of fans+ buttons+ other components# 4n electrical an excessive buildup of dustand will act li*e mechanical an insulator and trap the heat# This insulation will impair the ability of heat sin*s and coolin( fans to *eep components cool+ causin( chips and circuits to overheat and fail# C2-TI4N, When compressed air is used to clean inside the computer+ the air should be blown around the components with a minimum distance of four inches from the noJJle# The power supply and the fan should be cleaned from the bac* of the case# COMPUTER ()R*+)RE SERVICING K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton

2.

C2-TI4N, =efore cleanin( any device+ turn it off and unplu( the device from the power source# Computer Cses n! Monitors Clean computer cases and the outside of monitors with a mild cleanin( solution on a damp+ lint5free cloth# Mix one drop of dishwashin( li6uid with four ounces of water to create the cleanin( solution# If any water drips inside the case+ allow enou(h time for the li6uid to dry before powerin( on the computer# 'CD Screens 9o not use ammoniated (lass cleaners or any other solution on an LC9 screen+ unless the cleaner is specifically desi(ned for the purpose# an motors can be ruined from spinnin( when the motor is not turned on# Component Contcts Clean the contacts on components with isopropyl alcohol# 9o not use rubbin( alcoho l# Rubbin( alcohol contains impurities that can dama(e contacts# Ma*e sure that the contacts do not collect any lint from the cloth or cotton swab# =low any lint off the contacts with compressed air before reinstallation# 1ey)or! Clean a des*top *eyboard with compressed air or a small+ hand5held vacuum cleaner with a brush attachment# C2-TI4N, Never use a standard vacuum cleaner inside a computer case# The plastic parts of the vacuum cleaner can build up static electricity and dischar(e to the components# -se only a vacuum approved for electronic components# Mouse -se (lass cleaner and a soft cloth to clean the outside of the mouse# 9o not spray (lass cleaner directly on the mouse# If cleanin( a ball mouse+ you can remove the ball and clean it with (lass cleaner and a soft cloth# Wipe the rollers clean inside the mouse with the same cloth# 9o not spray any li6uids inside the mouse# COMPUTER ()R*+)RE SERVICING K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton

21

How Mu"h Ha%e You Leaned? 8elf5Chec* /#"

A* Direction* Identify the appropriate tool to use for each of the followin(, EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE"# )6ualiJe the electrical char(e between you and the e6uipment# EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE/#

Ti(hten & loosen screw

EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE0#

Ti(hten & looses bold with a hexa(onal head

EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE1# Retrieve parts that may be hard to reach by your fin(ers EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE#

Ti(hten & loosen a slotted screw#

&* Direction0 Complete the computer cleanin( chart shown below# COMPUTER MAINTENANCE COMPONENTSTOC'EAN Computer case and outside monitor :eyboard

C'EAN-ITH0 Mild cleanin( solution and lint free cloth sample!

Mouse LC9 screen CRT screen


22

How Do You A&&l# What You Ha%e Leaned? S$o% t$t you "erne! somet$ing )y !oing t$is ctivity*

4peration 8heet "#"

Direction0 -se the appropriate tools to do each of the followin( tas*s# "# /# 0# 1# # D# %# '#

Loosen computer casin( screws =low away dust from *eyboard Ti(hten screws of a laptop =undle cables inside the computer Test functionality of the printer port Remove insulation of wires Loosen nuts Prevent from )89 effects


2#


Scoring Ru)rics

Ts(

-s t$e too" use! correct2

-s t$e too" use! proper"y2

.p"ese c$ec(/ No

.p"ese c$ec(/ es No

es

"# Loosen computer casin( screws /# =low away dust from *eyboard 0# Ti(hten screws of a laptop 1# =undle cables inside the computer # Test functionality of the printer port D# Remove insulation of wires %# Loosen nuts '# Prevent from )89 effects Total 8core

>or Total 8core 5 Number of 7)8 for correct tool used 5 Number of 7es for tool used properly
Interprettion o# score "D )xcellent "1 3 " ery $ood "/3"0 $ood ?3"" >air ' and below Poor


2$

LEARNING OUTCOME  Mintin $n! too"s


"# Tools used are accordin( to tas*s underta*en# /# Routine maintenance of tools is underta*en accordin( to standard operational procedures+ principles and techni6ues# 0# Tools are stored safely in appropriate locations in accordance with manufacturerFs specifications or standard operatin( procedures#

Mateials "# /# 0# 1# # D# %# '# ?#


2%

What Do You Alead# $now? 'et us !etermine $o% muc$ you "re!y (no% )out t$e mintennce o# $n! too"s* T(e t$is test*

Pretest L4 0

Direction* Write TR-) if the statement is correct and >2L8) if it is wron(# Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper# "# 2ll tools and e6uipment must be properly maintained so that wor*ers are not endan(ered# /# Preventive maintenance is the systematic care and protection of tools+ e6uipment and machines in order to *eep them in a safe+ usable condition+ limit downtime and extend productivity# 0# The de(ree of detail to include re(ardin( tools and e6uipment maintenance will depend on the *inds of tools&e6uipment used# 1# 9ama(ed or defective e6uipment&tools should be ta((ed and removed from service# # Most manufacturers can provide maintenance schedules for their e6uipment# D# Properly stored tools and e6uipment will be easy to find when needed and are less li*ely to be lost# %# -se bins for storin( small parts is a (ood practice on proper stora(e# '# Productivity is increased because time is not lost loo*in( for tools+ parts and e6uipment is one of the benefits of proper stora(e#


2&

What Do You Need To $now? Re! t$e In#ormtion S$eet +*+ very %e"" t$en #in! out $o% muc$ you cn remem)er n! $o% muc$ you "erne! )y !oing Se"#,c$ec( +*+*


TOO' AND EBUIPMENT MAINTENANCE 2ll tools and e6uipment must be properly maintained so that wor*ers are not endan(ered# Re(ulations re6uire inspections of tools+ machines and e6uipment before use# Preventive maintenance is the systematic care and protection of tools+ e6uipment and machines in order to *eep them in a safe+ usable condition+ limit downtime and extend productivity# We must always be aware that maintenance tas*s themselves are potentially haJardous and can result in inGury# The successful maintenance pro(ram is, well or(aniJed and scheduled+ controls haJards+ defines operational procedures+ and trains *ey personnel#

The de(ree of detail to include re(ardin( tools and e6uipment maintenance will depend on the *inds of tools&e6uipment used# 8ome construction e6uipment may have very specific inspection and maintenance re6uirements# )lectronic e6uipment may have different maintenance re6uirements#
2'

8pecifyin( who is responsible for overseein( e6uipment maintenance and where the records are *ept 8et up a system for removal and ta((in( of dama(ed or defective tools and e6uipment

PROPER STORAE OF TOO'S? PARTS? AND EBUIPMENT To ensure that tools and e6uipment remain in (ood condition and last for a lon( time+ store them properly# Properly stored tools and e6uipment will be easy to find when needed and are less li*ely to be lost# $ood practices include, Parts should be properly stored and labeled >i(ure "!# Tools should be properly placed on the board+ and labeled >i(ure /!# Consider drawin( the shapes of the tools on the board so that they always (et put bac* in the same position# -se bins for storin( small parts >i(ure 0!# Consider ma*in( an individual or individuals! responsible for the (ood maintenance of tools and parts#

>i(ure "#

>i(ure /#

>i(ure 0#

=enefits, Tools and parts are *ept in (ood condition and are easy to find Costs are reduced# Productivity is increased because time is not wasted loo*in( for tools+ parts and e6uipment# Wor*shop staff develop a sense of responsibility and pride in their wor*#


2,

How Mu"h Ha%e You Leaned? 8elf5Chec* "#" Directions0 )numerate the followin(# $ood practices in the proper stora(e of tools, at least /! "# /# =enefits of proper stora(e of tools, at least /! "# /#


How Do You A&&l# What You Ha%e Leaned? S$o% t$t you "erne! somet$ing )y !oing t$is ctivity* 4peration 8heet "#"

Direction0 Conduct a maintenance activity on the (iven hand tools# TOO'S

MAINTENANCEACTIIT

"# /# 0#

>lat
Clean and Ma(netiJe Clean and Ma(netiJe CleanandMa(netiJe

1# # D#

%# '# ?# "@#

TweeJer PartRetriever >lashli(ht Multimeter

CleanandMa(netiJe Clean and Lubricate Clean+Lubricateand 8harpen+ if necessary Clean Clean CleanandChan(ebatteriesifdrained CleanandCalibrate


2-

How Well Did You 'efo!? Fin! out )y ccomp"is$ing t$e Scoring Ru)ric $onest"y n! sincere"y* Remem)er it is your "erning t st(e3 Score Cr! Activity

E>ce""ent

Cleanin( hand tools Ma(netiJin( hand tools Calibratin( hand tools Chan(in( batteries Lubricatin( hand tools 8harpenin( hand tools 8torin( hand tools

8

ery stis#ctory =

Stis#ctory

Score

+

Congrtu"tions3 ou !i!  gret o)3 Rest n! re">  %$i"e t$en move on to t$e ne>t "esson* oo! "uc(3

REFERENCES L4" http,&&www#bechtel#com&assets&files&)nvironmental&Toolbox8afetyTopics&/@ "@&ProperTool8election#pdf

http,&&www#iml#uts#edu#au&assessment5futures&desi(nin(&assemblin(#html L4 / Ron $ilster+ PC Repir &enc$ &oo(*+ Wiley Publishin( Inc#+ "@1% Crosspoint =oulevard+ Indianapolis+ IN 1D/D =arry Press+ Marcia Press+PC Upgr!e n! Repir &i)"e? Des(top E!ition#+ Wiley Publishin( Inc#+ "@1% Crosspoint =oulevard+ Indianapolis+ IN 1D/D L4 / Ron $ilster+ PC Repir &enc$ &oo(*+ Wiley Publishin( Inc#+ "@1% Crosspoint =oulevard+ Indianapolis+ IN 1D/D =arry Press+ Marcia Press+PC Upgr!e n! Repir &i)"e? Des(top E!ition#+ Wiley Publishin( Inc#+ "@1% Crosspoint =oulevard+ L40

Indianapolis+ IN 1D/D http,&&www#(oo(le#com =arry Press+ Marcia Press+PC Upgr!e n! Repir &i)"e? Des(top E!ition#+ Wiley Publishin( Inc#+ "@1% Crosspoint

=oulevard+ Indianapolis+ IN 1D/D


#.

LESSON ( Perform Mensuration and Calculation


LO &' se#e"t "o+!onents to /e +easured( and LO )' "arry out +ensuration and "a#"u#ation'


#1

Definition of Te!s &it 5 a fundamental unit of information havin( Gust two possible values+ as either of the binary di(its @ or "# &yte 5 a unit of di(ital information in computin( and telecommunications that most commonly consists of ei(ht bits# &ooting 3 startin( a computer! by loadin( an operatin( system from a dis*# E"ectronic storge 5 a device for recordin( storin(! information data!#

Fire%ire 5 2pple ComputerKs version of a standard+ I))) "0?1+
A"on#!s HDD 3 hard dis* drive IDE , Inte(rated 9rive )lectronics


#2

LEARNING OUTCOME & Se#e"t "o+!onents to /e +easured


"# 4bGect or component to be measured is identified# /# Correct specifications are obtained from relevant source# 0# 2ccurate measurements are obtained for Gob#

Mateials "# Wor*shop /# Tables and Chairs 0# 1# # D# %# '#

Computers LC9 9ifferent types of Memory 9ifferent types of 8tora(e 9evices Paper Pencil&=allpen


##

What Do You Alead# $now? 'et us !etermine $o% muc$ you "re!y (no% )out components in Computer Hr!%re Servicing to )e mesure!* T(e t$is test*

Pretest L4 " Direction* Match items on Column 2 with Column =# Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper# EEE "#Chips that are located on the motherboard#

2# Registers

EEE /#2 ma(netic stora(e device that is installed inside the computer#

=# F"s$ !rive or T$um) !rive

EEE 0# )arlydrivecontrollerinterfacethat connects computersandharddis*driveswhichan interface that uses a 1@5pin connector#

C# Re!,on"y memory

EEE 1#Temporary stora(e for data and pro(rams that are bein( accessed by the CP-#

9# IDE

EEE #2 stora(e device that uses lasers to read data on the optical media#

)# F"oppy !rive

EEE D#2 stora(e device that uses removable 0#5 inch dis*s#

># Rn!om ccess memory

EEE %#8oldered the memory chips on a special circuit board#

$# Optic" !rive

EEE '#2 removable stora(e device that connects to a -8= port#

<# DDR

EEE ?#Memory cells built ri(ht into the CP- that contain specific data needed particularly the 2rithmetic and Lo(ic -nit#

I# Hr! !rive

EEE "@# Technolo(y that doubles the maximum

B# Memory mo!u"e

bandwidth of 89R2M#


#$

What Do You Need To $now? Re! t$e In#ormtion S$eet +*+ very %e"" t$en #in! out $o% muc$ you cn remem)er n! $o% muc$ you "erne! )y !oing Se"#,c$ec( +*+*


MEMOR 2lthou(h memory is technically any form of electronic stora(e+ it is used most often to identify fast+ temporary forms of stora(e# If your computerKs CP- had to constantly access the hard drive to retrieve every piece of data it needs+ it would operate very slowly# When the information is *ept in memory+ the CP- can access it much more 6uic*ly# Most forms of memory are intended to store data temporarily#

The CP- accesses memory accordin( to a distinct hierarchy# Whether it comes from permanent stora(e the hard drive! or input the *eyboard!+ most data (oes in random access memory R2M! first# The CP- then stores pieces of data it will need to access+ often in a cache+ and maintains certain special instructions in the re(ister# Re!,on"y memory R4M! chips are located in the motherboard# R4M chips contain instructions that can be directly accessed by the CP-# =asic instructions for bootin( the computer and loadin( the operatin( system are stored in R4M# R4M chips retain their contents even when the computer is powered down# The contents cannot be erased or chan(ed by normal means# Rn!om ccess memory R2M! is the temporary stora(e for data and pro(rams that are bein( accessed by the CP-# R2M is volatile memory+ which means that the contents are erased when the computer is powered off# The more R2M in a computer+ the more capacity the computer has to hold and process lar(e pro(rams and files+ as well as enhance system performance# )arly computers had R2M installed in the motherboard as individual chips# The individual memory chips+ called dual inline pac*a(e 9IP! chips+ was difficult to install and often became loose on the motherboard# To solve this problem+ desi(ners soldered the memory chips on a special circuit board called amemory mo!u"e#


#%

9ual Inline Pac*a(e 9IP!

8in(le Inline Memory Module 8IMM!

849IMM!# 8mall 4utline 9ual Inline Memory Module

9ual Inline Memory Module 9IMM!

R2M=us Inline Memory Module RIMM!

8IMMs have 0@5pin and %/5pin confi(urations# 9IMM is a circuit board that holds 89R2M+ 99R 89R2M and 99R/ 89R2M# The speed of memory has a direct impact on how much data a processor can process because faster memory improves the performance of the processor# 2s processor speed increases+ memory speed must also increase# >or example+ sin(le5channel memory is capable of transferrin( data at D1 bits# 9ual5channel memory increases speed by usin( a second channel of memory+ creatin( a data transfer rate of "/' bits# 9ouble 9ata Rate 99R! technolo(y doubles the maximum bandwidth of 89R2M# 99R/ offers faster performance while usin( less ener(y# 99R0 operates at even hi(her speeds than 99R/. however+ none of these 99R technolo(ies are bac*ward5 or forward5compatible#

)ven with a wide and fast bus+ it still ta*es lon(er for data to (et from the memory card to the CP- than it ta*es for the CP- to actually process the data# Cc$es are desi(ned to alleviate this bottlenec* by ma*in( the data used most often by the CP- instantly available# Registers are memory cells built ri(ht into the CP- that contain specific data needed by the


#&

CP-+ particularly the 2rithmetic and Lo(ic -nit 2L-!# 2n inte(ral part of the CP- itself+ they are controlled directly by the compiler that sends information for the CP- to process# STORAE DRIES 8tora(e drives read or write information on ma(netic or optical stora(e media# The drive can be used to store data permanently or to retrieve information from a media dis*# 8tora(e drives can be installed inside the computer case+ such as a hard drive# >or portability+ some stora(e drives can connect to the computer usin( a -8= port+ a >ireWire port+ or an 8C8I port# These portable stora(e drives are sometimes referred to as removable drives and can be used on multiple computers# loppy drive+ lash drive# F"oppy Drive 2 floppy drive+ or floppy dis* drive+ is a stora(e device that uses removable 0#5inch floppy dis*s# These ma(netic floppy dis*s can store %/@ := or "#11 M= of data# In a computer+ the floppy drive is usually confi(ured as the 2, drive# The floppy drive can be used to boot the computer if it contains a bootable floppy dis*# 2 #/5inch floppy drive is older technolo(y and is seldom used# Hr! Drive 2 hard drive+ or hard dis* drive+ is a ma(netic stora(e device that is installed inside the computer# The hard drive is used as permanent stora(e for data# as In athe Windows computer+ the hard drive is usually confi(ured C, drive and contains the operatin( system and applications# The hard drive is often confi(ured as the first drive in the boot se6uence# The stora(e capacity of a hard drive is measured in billions of bytes+ or (i(abytes $=!# The speed of a hard drive is measured in revolutions per minute RPM!# Multiple hard drives can be added to increase stora(e capacity# Traditional hard drives are ma(netic# Ma(netic hard drives have drive motors desi(ned to spin ma(netic platters and the drive heads# In contrast+ the newer solid state drives 889s! do not have movin( parts# =ecause there are no drive motors and movin( parts+ the 889 uses far less ener(y than the ma(netic hard drive# Non5volatile flash memory chips mana(e all stora(e on an 889+ which results in faster access to data+ hi(her reliability+ and reduced power usa(e# 889s have the same form factor as ma(netic hard drives and use 2T2 or 82T2 interfaces# 889s can be installed as a replacement for ma(netic drives# Optic" Drive

2nopticaldriveisastora(edevicethatuseslaserstoread dataontheopticalmedia#Therearethreetypesofoptical drives,Compact9iscC9!+9i(italersatile9isc99!and COMPUTER ()R*+)RE SERVICING =lu5ray 9isc =9!#

#'


C9+ 99+ and =9 media can be pre5recorded read5only!+ recordable write once!+ or re5 writable read and write multiple times!# E>tern" F"s$ Drive 2n external flash drive+ also *nown as a thumb drive+ is a removable stora(e device that connects to a -8= port# 2n external flash drive uses the same type of non5volatile memory chips as solid state drives and does not re6uire power to maintain the data# These drives can be accessed by the operatin( system in the same way that other types of drives are accessed# Types o# Drive Inter#ces

#,


Direction* Match items on Column 2 with Column =# Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper# EEEEE"#2 ma(netic stora(e device that is installed inside the computer# EEEEE/#)arly drive controller interface that connects computers and hard dis* drives which an interface that uses a 1@5 pin connector#

2# Re(isters

=# >lash drive or Thumb drive

EEEEE0#Temporary stora(e for data and pro(rams that are bein( C# Read5only accessedbytheCP-# memory EEEEE1#2 stora(e device that uses lasers to read data on the optical media#

9# I9)

EEEEE#2 stora(e device that uses removable 0#5inch dis*s#

)# >loppy drive

EEEEED# 8oldered the memory chips on a special circuit board#

># Random access memory

EEEEE%# 2 removable stora(e device that connects to a -8= port#

$# 4ptical drive

EEEEE'# Chips that are located on the motherboard#

<# 99R

EEEEE?# Memory cells built ri(ht into the CP- that contain specific data needed particularly the 2rithmetic and Lo(ic -nit#

I#
EEEEE"@#Technolo(y that doubles the maximum bandwidth of 89R2M#

B# Memory module



#-


4peration 8heet "#"

Direction0 Identify what type of memory module is presented# The teacher will show several types of memory module#!

How Well Did You 'efo!? Count you num)er o# correct ns%er out o# t$e num)er o# memory mo!u"es t$t your tec$er %i"" present*

How Do You E)tend You Leanin*? Direction0 The teacher will show several types of stora(e drives and will as* students to identify the type of stora(e device and its interface is presented#


$.

LEARNING OUTCOME ) Crry out mensurtion n! c"cu"tion


"# Calculation needed to complete wor* tas*s is performed usin( the four fundamentals operations addition+ subtractions+ multiplication and division!# /# Numerical computation is self5chec*ed and corrected for accuracy#

Mateials "# /# 0# 1# # D# %# '#

Wor*shop Tables and Chairs Computers LC9 9ifferent types of Memory 9ifferent types of 8tora(e 9evices Paper Pencil&=allpen


$1

What Do You Alead# $now? 'et us !etermine $o% muc$ you "re!y (no% )out crrying out mensurtion n! c"cu"tion* T(e t$is test*

Pretest L4 / Direction* Perform the followin(, "! Convert "1 to binary# /! If a "@ := file is stored i n a " M= folder+ then approximately how many files can be stored in that folder; Re#er to t$e Ans%er 1ey* -$t is your score2

What Do You Need To $now? Re! t$e In#ormtion S$eet 5*+ very %e"" t$en #in! out $o% muc$ you cn remem)er n! $o% muc$ you "erne! )y !oing Se"#,c$ec( 5*+*

Information 8heet /#"

DIITA' REPRESENTATION Within a computer+ information is represented and stored in a di(ital binary format# The term bit is an abbreviation of binary di(it and represents the smallest piece of data# or example+ a li(ht switch can be either 4n or 4ff. in binary representation+ these states would correspond to " and @+ respectively# Computers use binary codes to represent and interpret letters+ numbers and special characters with bits# 2 commonly used code is the 2merican 8tandard Code for Information COMPUTER ()R*+)RE SERVICING K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton

$2

Interchan(e 28CII!# With 28CII+ each character is represented by a strin( of bits# >or example, Capital letter, 2  @"@@@@@" Number, ?  @@@@"@@" 8pecial character,   @@"@@@"" )ach (roup of ei(ht bits+ such as the representations of letters and numbers+ is *nown as a byte# Codes can be used to represent almost any type of information di(itally, computer data+ (raphics+ photos+ voice+ video + and music# CONERT DECIMA' NUM&ERS TO &INAR To convert a decimal number to binary+ all you have to do is divide the number by /# $et the 6uotient and the remainder# =rin( down the 6uotient+ divide it by /+ and (et the 6uotient and remainder a(ain# 9o it repeatedly until the 6uotient results to @# Copy the remainder from bottom to top+ and that is the binary e6uivalent#

)xample, / Ouotient

Remainder

/&/

"/

"

"/&/

D

@

D&/

0

@

0&/

"

"

"&/

@

"

/  ""@@" Chec*in(,

"

"

@ @ "

multiplier

"D

'

1 / "

e6uivalents

"D

'

@ @ "

results

"D'"  / CA'CU'ATIN DATA STORAE While a bit is the smallest representation of data+ the most basic unit of di(ital stora(e is the byte# 2 byte is ' bits and is the smallest unit of measure -4M! used to represent data stora(e capacity# When referrin( to stora(e space+ we use the terms bytes =!+ *ilobytes :=!+ me(abytes M=!+ (i(abytes $=!+ and terabytes T=!# COMPUTER ()R*+)RE SERVICING K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton

$#

4ne *ilobyte is a little more than one thousand bytes+ specifically "+@/1# 2 me(abyte represents more than a million bytes or "+@1'+%D# 2 (i(abyte is "+@%0+%1"+'/1 bytes# 2 terabyte is "+@??+""+D/%+%%D# The exact number is (ained by ta*in( /Qn power#

In (eneral+ when somethin( is represented di(itally+ the (reater the detail+ the (reater the number of bits needed to represent it# 2 low5resolution picture from a di(ital camera will use around 0D@:=+ and a hi(h5resolution picture could use / M= or more#

:ilobytes+ me(abytes+ (i(abytes+ and terabytes are typically used to measure the siJe or stora(e capacity of a device# )xamples of components and devices that use byte stora(e include, random access memory R2M!+ hard dis* drive space+ C9s+ 99s+ and MP0 players# C9s have a data stora(e capacity of approximately %@@ M=# 99s have a data stora(e capacity of approximately 1#0 $= on a sin(le5layer disc+ and approximately '# $= on a dual5layer disc# =9s have a stora(e capacity of / $= on a sin(le5layer disc+ and @ $= on a dual5layer disc# 4nce we *now the siJe of a file or folder+ it is possible to determine the number of bytes bein( used# >or example, 2 file is /@ := in siJe " :=  "+@/1 =ytes /@  "+@/1  /@+1'@ bytes in a /@ := file If a /@ := file is stored in a " M= folder " M=  "+@1'+%D bytes of space!. then approximately a total of " files can be stored in that folder "+@1'+%D & /@+1'@  "#/!#


$$

How Mu"h Ha%e You Leaned? 8elf5Chec* /#" Direction0 Convert the decimal numbers shown below to binary# Perform chec*in( to verify answers# "! "? /! /'

0! 0%



4peration 8heet /#"

Direction0 8olve the problems indicated below# 8how your solution#

"#
/#
0#

%$ How Well Did You 'efo!? Fin! out )y ccomp"is$ing t$e Scoring Ru)ric $onest"y n! sincere"y* Remem)er it is your "erning t st(e3

Interprettion o# Scores = 7 E>ce""ent 5 7 oo! + 7 Fir 6 7 Poor


REFERENCES L4" Ron $ilster+ PC Repir &enc$ &oo(* + Wiley Publishin( Inc#+ "@1% Crosspoint =oulevard+ Indianapolis+ IN 1D/D =arry Press+ Marcia Press+ PC Upgr!e n! Repir &i)"e? Des(top E!ition#+ Wiley Publishin( Inc#+ "@1% Crosspoint =oulevard+ Indianapolis+ IN 1D/D en#wi*ipedia#or( L4 / Ron $ilster+ PC Repir &enc$ &oo(* + Wiley Publishin( Inc#+ "@1% Crosspoint =oulevard+ Indianapolis+ IN 1D/D =arry Press+ Marcia Press+ PC Upgr!e n! Repir &i)"e? Des(top E!ition#+ Wiley Publishin( Inc#+ "@1% Crosspoint =oulevard+ Indianapolis+ IN 1D/D en#wi*ipedia#or(


$&

LESSON + Prepare and Interpret Technical Draing


LO &' identify di0erent 1inds of te"hni"a# dra$in%( and LO )' inter!ret te"hni"a# dra$in%'

COMPUTER ()R*+)RE SERVICING

$'


Definition of Te!s

Dr%ing

act or the art of representin( any obGect by means of lines and shades

Picture

visual representation or ima(e painted+ drawn+ photo(raphed+ or otherwise rendered on a flat surface

process

a series of actions+ chan(es+ or functions brin(in( about a result

Tec$nic"

pertainin( to the useful or mechanical arts+ or to science or business

Tec$nicin

a person s*illed in mechanical or industrial techni6ues or in a particular technical field

F"o%c$rt

a dia(ram that uses (raphic symbols to depict the nature and flow of the steps in a process

Too" (it

a small ba( or box e6uipped with hand tools

Tree structure

an al(orithm for placin( and locatin( files in an or(aniJed database

i!eo !isp"y termin"

a computer terminal havin( a video display that uses a cathode5ray tube#

A"on#! DT 7 ideo 9isplay Terminal


$,

LEARNING OUTCOME & I!enti#y !i##erent (in!s o# tec$nic" !r%ing


"# /# 0#

Correct technical drawin( is selected accordin( to Gob re6uirements# Technical drawin(s are se(re(ated in accordance with the types and *inds of drawin(s# Components+ assemblies or obGects are reco(niJed as re6uired#

Mateials "# /# 0# 1# # D#

Wor*shop Tables and Chairs Computers -8= >lash 9rive LC9 9rawin( Tools


$-

What Do You Alead# $now? 'et us !etermine $o% muc$ you "re!y (no% )out one (in! o# tec$nic" !r%ing* T(e t$is test*

Pretest L4 "

2# Directions0 Match Column 2 with Column =# Write only the letter of the correct answer on a searate sheet o! aer"

Co"umn & Co"umn A "#

It is represented by a rectan(le# It refers to an action in a business process#

/#

It is represented by a diamond# 2 process that can answer a decision of SyesS or SnoS re6uires a decision box#

b# Process

0#

It is represented by a small circle or a connector box and is labeled usin( letters#

c# 2rrow line

1#

9rawn in one direction+ preferably from top to bottom to *eep a flowchart clear#

d# Connector

C#

2 process is represented by a rectan(le with double lines on each side#


a# 9ecision

e# 8ub5process

%.



F"o%c$rt 2 flowchart is a dia(ram that uses (raphic symbols to depict the nature and flow of the steps in a process# 2nother name for this tool is Sflow dia(ram#S -$t Are t$e E"ements o#  F"o%c$rt2 2 flowchart is commonly used by systems analysts to visualiJe the series of processes in a business system# 2 flowchart is a useful tool to desi(n an efficient business system and to troubleshoot or improve an existin( system# 2 flowchart consists of elements+ such as the terminator+ process+ sub process+ decision+ arrow lines+ and connectors# +* Termintor 2 terminator is represented by a small rectan(le with curved corners# 2 terminator appears at the start and at the end of a flowchart# The end terminator appears only once on a sin(le flowchart#

5* Process 2 process is represented by a rectan(le# It refers to an action in a business process# It must be described clearly and concisely# 2 process can be described usin( a sin(le verb5 noun phrase. for example+ S4rder 4ffice 8upplies#S The same level of detail must be *ept in processes on a sin(le flowchart#

=* Su),process 2 sub5process is represented by a rectan(le with double lines on each side# 2 sub5 process is a maGor process that could be bro*en up into simpler processes developed into another flowchart#

4* Decision 2 decision is represented by a diamond# 2 process that can answer a decision of SyesS or SnoS re6uires a decision box#


%1

8* Connector 2 connector is represented by a small circle or a connector box and is labeled usin( letters# 2 flowchart written on a sin(le pa(e is clearer than a flowchart on several pa(es# 2 connector ensures that the processes are connected lo(ically and correctly on several pa(es#

;* Arro% ' ines 2rrow lines drawn in one direction+ preferably from top to bottom+ *eep a flowchart clear# 2void arrow lines that loop because this could indicate redundancy in the business process#

(hen should teams use "lo&charts) 2t the be(innin( of your process improvement efforts+ an as-is flowchart helps your team and others involved in the process to understand how it currently wor*s# The team may find it helpful to compare this as5is flowchart with a dia(ram of the way the process is supposed to wor*# Later+ the team will develop a flowchart of the modified process a(ain+ to record how it actually functions# 2t some point+ your team may want to create an ideal flowchart to show how you would ultimately li*e the process to be performed#

&ene#its o# Using F"o%c$rts "# Promote un!erstn!ing o#  process* People may have differin( ideas about how a process wor*s# 2 flowchart can help you (ain a(reement about the se6uence of steps# >lowcharts promote understandin( in a way that written procedures cannot do# 4ne (ood flowchart can replace pa(es of words# /# Provi!e  too" #or trining emp"oyees* =ecause of the way they visually lay out the se6uence of process steps+ flowcharts can be very helpful in trainin( employees to perform the process accordin( to standardiJed procedures# =* I!enti#y pro)"em res n! oppor tunities #or proc ess improvement* 4nce you brea* down the process steps and dia(ram them+ problem areas become more visible# It is easy to spot opportunities for simplifyin( and refinin( your process by analyJin( decision points+ redundant steps+ and rewor* loops#


%2

&sic F"o%c$rt Sym)o"s The sym)o"s that are commonly used in flowcharts iew(raph 0! have speci#ic menings and are connecte! )y rro%s in!icting t$e #"o% from one step to another, +* Ov"* 4vals indicate both the startin( point and the endin( point of the process steps#

5* &o>* 2 box represents an individual step or activity in the process#

0# Dimon!* 2 diamond shows a decision point+ such as yes"no or go"no-go# )ach path emer(in( from the diamond must be labeled with one of the possible answers#

1# Circ"e* 2 circle indicates that a particular step is connected to another pa(e or part of the >lowchart# 2 letter placed in the circle clarifies the continuation#

8* Tring"e* 2 trian(le shows where an in5process measurement occurs#


%#

*ig + $,ample o" a Simple *lo&chart

Start

Process

Process

es

NO #ecision

ES Process

End


%$


A* Directions0 Mtc$ Co"umn A %it$ Co"umn &* -rite on"y t$e "etter o# t$e correct ns%er on  seprte s$eet o# pper* Co"umAn

Co"um&n

"# Indicates that a particular step is connected to another pa(e or part of the flowchart

/# 8hows a decision point+ such as go"no-go#

a#

yes"no or b#

0# Indicates both the startin( point and the endin( point of the process steps c# 1# 8hows where an in5process measurement occurs d#

# Represents an individual step or activity in the process e# f#



%%


4peration 8heet "#"

Directions0 Using t$e )sic sym)o"s use! #or #"o%c$rt? m(e your o%n simp"e #"o% c$rt to i""ustrte t$e process o# c"ening t$e computer prts n! perip$er"s proper"y* Inc"u!e t$e given ctivities )e"o%*

"# Preparation of cleanin( tools /# Identifyin( the parts to be clean 0# Cleanin( the different peripherals

How Well Did You 'efo!? Fin! out )y ccomp"is$ing t$e Scoring Ru)ric $onest"y n! sincere"y* Remem)er it is your "erning t st(e3 $coring %u&rics

4321

Preparaton of Flowcharts

#rawing

'llassigned

'lmostall

details and

assigned details ,

assigned details

elementshave

elements (at

and elements(at

&een added" The

least )*+- have

least )*+- have

details are clear and easy to

&een added" The details are clear

&een added" ' !ew details are

resent .% most details are

di/cultto

di/cultto

iden!y"

andeasyto iden!y"


'lmostall

iden!y"

ewerthan)*+ o! the assigned details and elements are

iden!y"

%&

LEARNING OUTCOME ) Interpret tec$nic" !r%ing

-ERFORMANCE STAN.AR.S "# 9imensions of the *ey features of the obGects are depicted in the drawin( correctly identified# /# 8ymbols used in the draw in( are identified and interpreted correctly# 0# 9rawin( is chec*ed and validated a(ainst Gob re6uirements or e6uipment in accordance with standard operatin( procedures#

Mateials "# Wor*shop /# Tables and Chairs 0# 1# # D#

Computers -8= >lash 9rive LC9 9rawin( Tools


%'

What Do You Alead# $now? 'et us !etermine $o% muc$ you "re!y (no% )out i nterpreting o# tec$nic" !r%ing* T(e t$is test*

Pretest L4 / Directions0 Interpret t$e #"o%c$rt*

Begin

OPEN FILE

E!" E#O"

!

es 0.T 

0.

E.(

PIN$ BL!N%

PIN$ N!&E

LINE

PIN$ S$EE$ PIN$ #I$'

E$ #LOSE FILE

PIN$ $(O BL!N% LINES

!

End


%,



Ho& do you interpret "lo&charts) 2 >lowchart will help you understand your process and uncover ways to improve it only if you use it to analyJe what is happenin(# Interpretin( your >lowchart will help you to , Determine %$o is invo"ve! in the process# Form t$eories )out root cuses*

I!enti#y %ys to strem"ine the process# Determine $o% to imp"ement c$nges to the process# 'octe cost,!!e!,on"y steps* Provi!e trining on how the process wor*s or should wor*#

=elow is a se6uence of steps that will help you throu(h an orderly analysis of your flowchart#

E)a*ine

Step + , E>mine ec$ process step for the followin( conditions that indicate a need to improve the process, #ottlenecks# These points in the process where it slows down may be caused by redundant or unnecessary steps+ rewor*+ lac* of capacity+ or other factors# $eak links# These are steps where problems occur because of inade6uate trainin( of process wor*ers+ e6uipment that needs to be repaired or replaced+ or insufficient technical documentation# SInform the drill leader and improviseS is one of the wea* lin*s# %oorly defined steps# 8teps which are not well5defined may be interpreted and performed in a different way by each person involved+ leadin( to process variation# SImproviseS is a poorly defined step in the wea* lin* cited above# Step 5 , E>mine ec$ !ecision sym)o" # 7ou may want to collect data on how often there is a SyesS or SnoS answer at decision points mar*ed by a diamond shaped symbol# If most decisions (o one way rather than the other+ you may be able to remove this decision point# COMPUTER ()R*+)RE SERVICING K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton

%-

Step = , E>mine ec$ re%or( "oop # Processes with numerous chec*s (enerate rewor* and waste# )xamine the activities precedin( the rewor* loop and identify those that need to be improved# Loo* for ways to shorten or eliminate the loop# Step 4 , E>mine ec$ ctivity sym)o" # 9oes the step help build a characteristic into the end product; If not+ consider eliminatin( it#

key quality

Types o# #"o%c$rt =esides the three levels of detail used to cate(oriJe >lowcharts+ there are three main types of flowcharts namely + "iner? !ep"oyment? n! opportunity # The level of detail can be depicted as macro+ mini+ or micro for each of these types# "# 'iner F"o%c$rt# 2 linear flowchart is a dia(ram that displays the se6uence of wor* steps that ma*e up a process# This tool can help identify rewor* and redundant or unnecessary steps within a process# /# Dep"oyment F"o%c$rt* 2 deployment flowchart shows the actual process flow and identifies the people or (roups involved at each step#
Ho& do &e construct a linear "lo&chart) >ollowin( are the seven steps for developin( a linear flowchart +* De#ine t$e process to )e # "o%c$rte! + and the purpose for flowchartin( it# 5* Assem)"e t $e rig$t peop"e to develop the flowchartthose operators+ technicians+ or office wor*ers who are actually involved in the process# =* Est)"is$ process )oun!ries the startin( and endin( points# Identify the maGor activities or sub processes that are included in the process# 9etermine what is not included in the scope of the process to remove any doubt or confusion about the boundaries# This may also help establish the scope of related processes# 4* 'ist t$e step s? ct ivities? n! !ecisions to be charted# If your team is not sure about a step+ mar* it to be investi(ated later# 8* Put t$e steps in c$ rono"ogic" selowchart#


&.

How Mu"h Ha%e You Leaned? 8elf5Chec* /#" Directions 0 2rran(e the followin( steps in developin( a flowchart # Put the number on a separate sheet of paper# EEEEEEEEEEEE9efine the process to be flowcharted+ and the purpose for flowchartin( it# EEEEEEEEEEEE)stablish process boundaries 5 the startin( and endin( points# EEEEEEEEEEEEPut the steps in chronolo(ical se6uence# 8ometimes itKs easier to start with the last step and wor* bac* to the first step# EEEEEEEEEEEE2ssi(n flowchart symbols such as boxes+ diamonds+ and trian(les# EEEEEEEEEEEEReview and title the flowchart# EEEEEEEEEEEE2ssemble the ri(ht people to develop the flowchart those operators+ technicians+ or office wor*ers who are actually involved in the process# EEEEEEEEEEEEList the steps+ activities+ and decisions to be charted# If your team is not sure about a step+ mar* it to be investi(ated later#


How Do You A&&l# What You Ha%e Leaned? S$o% t$t you "erne! somet$ing )y !oing t$is ctivity* 4peration 8heet /#"

Directions0 2nalyJe carefully the (iven tas* below, Wor* in a (roup  members each! and develop a flowchart based on the (iven situation below# our ts(0 7ou are a member of a product assembly team in a (amin( machine manufacturer and are loo*in( for ways of buildin( the product more efficiently# 7ou are as*ed to brea* down the assembly process into a set of flowcharts+ showin( how sub5assemblies are made and then built into the final product# Present your developed flowchart to the team leader# COMPUTER ()R*+)RE SERVICING K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton

&1


Scoring Ru)rics0 7ou"#willClarity be (raded accordin( of your flowchartto, /# Completeness 0# 2ccuracy 1# presentation #riteria

Points

1" 3larity

2*

2" 3omleteness

2*

4" 'ccuracy

2*

5" 3lass resentaon

2*

'o+Srcore

o! your chart Total

166

Interprettion o# Scores 97+66 :;79; 8 7 :8 8+ 7 8 86n!)e"o%

E>ce""ent eryoo! oo! Fir Poor



&2

REFERENCES L4" http,&&machineshop#olin#edu&resources&documents&TechnicalA/@9rawin(A/ @5 A/@ClassA/@
www#breeJetree#com&. www#patton5patton#com&basicEflowEchartEsy#http,&&www#la*eland www#tesda#(ov#ph

L4 / www#edrawsoft#com&flowchart#php http,&&www#eod#(vsu#edu&Ublaucha&c/d/&8tructuredA/@9esi(nA/@-sin(A/ @>lowcharts#pdf

L4 0 http,&&library#thin*6uest#or(&TO@0"/0'@&machine#htm http,&&www#a(machine#com&xmmd10d#htm


&#

LESSON , Practice !ccupational "afety and Health


LO &' identify ha2ards and ris1 ( LO )' e3a#uate ha2ards and ris1 ( and LO ' "ontro# ha2ards and ris1'


&$

Definition of Te!s C$emic" $@r!

2ny haJard that results from the accidental caused by toxic chemical#

Des(top computer

Is a personal computer PC! in a form intended for stationary use#

E"ectric s$oc(

CharacteriJed by pain and muscular spasm cause by an electric current#

E"imintion

The process of removin( the haJard from the wor*place#

Ergonomics

The science of desi(nin( the wor*place environment to fit the user#

H@r!

2 situation that has the potential to harm the health and safety of people#

H@r! contro"

The development of systems to prevent accidents or inGuries#

He"t$

The (eneral condition of a person in all aspects#

House(eeping

Is the systematic process of ma*in( a home neat and clean

Ris(

2 potential condition that a chosen action or activity causes#

Ris( mngement

The process of analyJin( exposure to ris* and mana(in( it#

S#ety

The state of bein( SsafeS#

Stn!r!s

8omethin( accepted as a basis for comparison#

Tree structure

2n al(orithm for placin( and locatin( files in an or(aniJed database#

and in order#

A"on#!s OSH

4ccupational safety and health

PPE

Personal protective e6uipment


&%

LEARNING OUTCOME & I!enti#y $@r!s n! ris(


"# Wor*place haJards and ris*s are identified and clearly explained# /#
Mateials "# Wor*place /# Personal protective e6uipment PP)! 0# Learnin( (uides 1#

&&

What Do You Alead# $now? 'et us !etermine $o% muc$ you "re!y (no% )out $@r!s n! ris(s* T(e t$is test*

Pretest L4 "

A* Directions0 Identify the type of haJards# Match Column 2 with Column =# Write only the letter of each correct answer on a separate sheet of paper#

Co"umn A "# cables runnin( the floor

Co"umn & across

"# mechanical haJard

/# hot components or sharp ed(es of computers

/# physical haJard

0# in*Get printer cartrid(e

0# electric shoc* haJards

1# exposed power cable

1# chemical haJard

# open casin( of computer monitor

# CRT monitor volta(e haJard

hi(h

&* I!enti#y t$e 8S princip"es n! give .+/ e>mp"e #or ec$ princip"e*

"# EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE )xample , EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE /# EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE )xample , EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE 0# EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE )xample , EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE 1# EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE )xample , EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE # EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE )xample , EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE


&'



H@r! I!enti#iction? Ris( Assessment? n! Ris( Contro" Occuption" s#ety n! $e"t$ .OSH/ is a planned system of wor*in( to prevent illness and inGury where you wor* by reco(niJin( and identifyin( haJards and ris*s#
1ey Point

2 else#

haJard is anythin( that could hurt you or someone

)xamples of wor*place haJards include, frayed electrical cords could result in electrical shoc*! boxes stac*ed precariously they could fall on someone! noisy machinery could result in dama(e to your hearin(!

Spot the ha,ards

9urin( wor* experience+ you must remain alert to anythin( that may be dan(erous# If you see+ hear or smell anythin( odd+ ta*e note# If you thin* it could be a haJard+ tell someone# COMPUTER ()R*+)RE SERVICING K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton

&,

2. Assess the Risk 1ey Point 2ssessin( the ris* means wor*in( out how li*ely it is that a haJard will harm someone and how serious the harm could be#

Whenever you spot a haJard+ assess the ris* by yourself two 6uestions,

!ssessas*in(

or example, 2s* your supervisor for instructions and trainin( before usin( e6uipment# 2s* for help movin( or liftin( heavy obGects# Tell your supervisor if you thin* a wor* practice could be dan(erous# If you are not sure of the safest way to do somethin( durin( wor* experience+ always as* your wor* experience supervisor#

3. Make the Changes 1ey Point It is your employerKs responsibility to fix haJards# 8ometimes you may be able to fix simple haJards yourself+ as lon( as you donKt put yourself or others at ris*# >or example+ you can pic* up thin(s from the floor and put them away to eliminate a trip haJard#

Common $@r!s encountere! )y computer tec$nicins n! users 2 haJard is a situation in the wor*place that has the potential to harm the health and safety of people or to dama(e plant and e6uipment# The situation could involve a tas*+ chemical or e6uipment used#
Physical Hazards 4neofthemostcommonphysicalhaJardsinvolvin( computertechniciansiscablesrunnin(acrossthefloor# If someone trips+ falls+ and hurtshimselfbecause ofacable you ran across the floor+ someone you+ your employer+ or yourcustomer!hasaseriousle(alne(li(enceproblem#If COMPUTER ()R*+)RE SERVICING K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton

Ph-sical ha,ards

&-

you need to temporarily run a cable across the floor+ place a Swet floorS si(ns used by cleanin( services#

&anger si(n similar to those

>or cables that are temporary but will need to run across the floor for a lon(er period of time+ use S(affers tapeS# $affers tape is a heavy tape with stron( adhesive to stic* to the floor# It comes in a wide ran(e of colors+ from unintrusive matte blac* to haJard warn in( red# 2lthou(h it has stron( adhesive+ it can be removed easily and cleanly# >or lon( term cable routin( there is a wide variety of cable or(aniJin( devices li*e cable ties+ cable wraps+ and cable raceways which can be used to run cable safely alon( the wall or ceilin(# 4ther common physical haJards include leavin( tools on top of ladders and placin( electronic e6uipment in precarious positions or on support that is not sturdy enou(h or not desi(ned for holdin( electronic e6uipment# -echanical Hazards When wor*in( on electronic e6uipment+as*yourselfSIsthere anywaythise6uipmentcouldhurt me;# 7ou mi(ht stic* your hand in a printerandsuddenlythepaperfeed armmoves+feedin(notonlypaper throu(h theprinter+ but apieceof your fin(er too#

*echanical ha,ards

7ou mi(ht move your hand past a computer chassis and lose a chun* of flesh because it is raJor sharp# When wor*in( on electronic e6uipment always be alert to any possibility of bein( hurt by movin( parts+ hot components+ or sharp ed(es# Chemical Hazards There is a wide array of chemicals used with electronic e6uipment# There are display cleanin( chemicals+ *eyboard cleanin( chemicals+ compressed (as dirt and dust removers+ and many cleanin( solvents# 8ome of these chemicals can be harmful if accidentally swallowed+ (et on bare s*in+ or (et in eyes# =efore usin( any chemicals for electronic e6uipment always read the warnin(s and instructions on the label# 2lso be very careful when dealin( with in*Get printer cartrid(es+ or laser printer toner cartrid(es# In* and toner can stain s*in+ clothin(+ and carpet# $lectric Shock Hazard Inside computers and electronic e6uipment+ there is a ran(e of volta(es from 0#0 volts to / volts+ most of these are harmless# =ut at the power supply+ youKll find line volta(e+ which is a lethal //@ volts#


'.

Most of the time while wor*in( inside computers and electronic e6uipment+ youKll want them unplu((ed from the wall soc*et# If you need to wor* on e6uipment while it is still plu((ed in or powered up+ remove all Gewelry and wrist watches# If you must wor* inside a line power distribution box+ wear an electricianFs rubber insulated (loves and safety (lasses# 7ou mi(ht thin* you donKt need these safety devices because you are (oin( to be extra careful+ but one little slip could cause a flamin( explosion that could ta*e off your hand+ embed shrapnel in your eyes+ or conduct electricity throu(h your heart+ where it ta*es only "@ milliamps @#@"! to *ill a human# -

C.T -onitor High/0oltage Hazard

CRT monitors are becomin( less common nowadays+ but should you run into one+ it is best N4T to open it up# Instead+ outsource any CRT repair Gob to a 6ualified CRT repair service# 2 CRT monitor has a hi(h5volta(e anode inside it+ which can carry a char(e of up to /+@@@ volts+ and it can still be holdin( a hi(h char(e days after the power is removed# If you must open a CRT monitor case for some reason+ be sure to study the proper way to dischar(e a CRT before you proceed# It involves usin( a Gumper wire and a flat blade screwdriver to shorten the anode to (round# 2fter bein( dischar(ed+ even with no power connection+ the anode volta(e will actually build up a(ain# 8o you have to repeatedly dischar(e it#

How Mu"h Ha%e You Leaned? 8elf5Chec* "#" A* Direction0 Read carefully each statement below# Place T on the line if the statement is TRUE# Place F if the statement is FA'SE#

EEEEE "#
'1

&* Direction 0 I!enti#y %$t $@r! is )eing i""ustrte! in t$e sitution )e"o% * EEEEEEEEEE "# 8lippery computer laboratory floor EEEEEEEEEE /#

4peration 8heet "#"

A* Direction0 An"y@e t$e given ts( )e"o% n! ns%er t$e %or(s$eet t$t #o""o%s* Task' "#

Choose an industry or type of wor*place e#(# computer laboratory+ computer manufacturin(+ or a computer shop#

/#

Ma*e a list of haJa rds that may be pr esent in tha t wor*place e#(# sl ippery floors from spilt water+ oil etc. uneven floors from chan(in( floor level# -se the Table below#

0#

9escribe the ris*s#

1#

Write down ways to control the ris*s#

SpottheHazard 2
ssessthe.isk Wor* out how li*ely it is that the haJard will hurtsomeone andhowbadlyhe&she could be hurt 9escribetheris*s


'2

&* Direction0 4bserve the set5up of your schoolFs Computer Laboratory# 4bserve the procedures and arran(ement bein( practiced and used in the wor*place# Identify haJards and assess the ris* based on your observations* I Care "or Sa"e (ork Short ns&er

Spot the hazard If you spot somethin( haJardous+ what should you do; 8imple haJard e#(# boxes on the floor in the way!    

More complex haJard e#(# frayed cords+ dama(ed e6uipment!     ssess the risk What two main thin(s should the person in char(e or responsible for safety consider when assessin( the ris*;     


'#


Scoring Ru)rics Criteria "#Numberof haJards /#9escription of Ris*s

0#8u((ested ways of controllin( haJards

1 0 / " 1haJardsor 0haJards /haJards "haJard more
How Do You E)tend You Leanin*? Ma*e a list of haJards that may be present in your own home when operatin( a personal computer# $ive the possible ris* of the said haJards#

H@r!st$ome%$enoperting computer

8* +* 5* =* 4*

Ris(


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What Do You Need To $now? Re! t$e In#ormtion S$eet +*5 very %e"" t$en #in! out $o% muc$ you cn remem)er n! $o% muc$ you "erne! )y !oing Se"#,c$ec( +*5*

Information 8heet "#/

App"ying 8s on your computer 7ou wor* with documents+ presentations+ (raphics+ and other files all dayand chances are+ you have a lot of them# 2nd that means it ta*es time to find the documents you need# )ven if it is Gust a couple of minutes here+ and a couple of minutes there+ it all adds up#

=ut there is a better way to stop the file clutter by mana(in( your files more effectively# 9i(ital files are no different than paper files+ and if you donKt have a (ood method of or(aniJation+ thin(s (et lost# Whether you save your files in your computerKs hard drive or a shared networ* location+ this course will help you save time and headache of searchin( for files The purpose of this instruction is to help you apply 8 concepts to the hard drive of your computer resultin( in an increase to your daily productivity+ better or(aniJation of your computer+ and further compliance with the 4ffice 8 initiative# We will cover the followin( topics as they relate to your hard drive,

!ppl-

.s

on

-o+r co*p+ter

8 provides the foundation for all 6uality improvement pro(rams# Thus+ it is often said that the road to productivity starts with 8 and throu(h 8 you can create a hi(hly productive company with hi(hly productive people# 8 is not only a matter of (ood house*eepin(# It is a process to create more productive people and more productive companies throu(h motivation+ education+ and the practice of 8# It involves the creation of a stron( corporate culture filled with the spirit filled with the spirit of hi(h productivity# "# Seiri 8ortin(&Puttin( thin(s in order Remove&discard what is not needed so that there are fewer haJards and less clutter to interfere with wor*# 4nly *eep what is needed#! /# Seiton 4rderliness&Proper 2rran(ement Place thin(s in such a way that they can be easily reached whenever they are needed# SThere must be a place for everythin(+ and everythin( must be in its place#S! COMPUTER ()R*+)RE SERVICING K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton

'%

0# Seiso Clean&cleanliness# :eep wor*place and thin(s clean and polished. no trash or dirt in the wor*place! 1# Seiketsu 8tandardiJe&Purity Maintain cleanliness after cleanin(+ consistently5 perpetual cleanin(# 8uch cleanin( is part of every oneKs wor*#! # Shitsuke 8ustainin(&discipline&commitment Maintain standards and *eep the facility in safe and efficient order day after day+ year after year#!

Example #1: Am  at lost! ItFs not unusual for you to see a computer des*top on your classmateFs des* that loo*s somethin( li*e this,

7ou may have seen even worse# :eepin( your des*top so cluttered li*e this creates many problems such as, It is difficult to find what youFre loo*in( for# >iles+ folders+ and application shortcuts are (rouped to(ether without any lo(ical separation# 7ou donFt *now immediately where to place new files downloaded files+ attachments+ temporary wor*in( documents+ etc! When the des*top (ets too full+ you waste time cleanin( temporary&downloaded files# If you are only bac*in( up My 9ocuments+ items on the 9es*top may be s*ipped# If you are mi(ratin( to a different computer or *eepin( multiple computers synchroniJed+ the 9es*top folder is often missed#


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What can you say about the des*top illustrated;
The folder names do not necessarily tell the user what is inside them+ ma*in( it difficult for yourself and others to find# 2lso+ the folders that are inside donFt necessarily belon( there or fit with the other files#

Sort 7 itGs t$e )est t$ing t$t you cn !o

Tired of icon clutter on your des*top; 8ure+ you can or(aniJe your des*top shortcuts+ pro(rams+ folders+ and the li*e by dra((in( and droppin(+ but eventually some (ame or other screen resolution5chan(in( app will undo all your hard wor*#


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M(e ourse"#  Des(top C"ener 7our des*top is the first thin( you see when you start your computer# This should be the most or(aniJed part of your electronic wor*space# =ut what if your des*top loo*s li*e this; What will be the impressions of your classmates;

The 9es*top offers many features that ma*e usin( your computer easier# 7ou can easily start pro(rams or applications+ copy and move files from one place to another and dra( and drop files and pro(ram where you want them on the computer or even on to a pro(ramKs icon to open a file#

Mnge our O%n Des(top Numerous studies have shown that your environment affects your productivity+ and that even somethin( as simple as color can influence your memory or creativity# 8ince most of our wor* now is done in the di(ital realm+ it stands to reason that your des*top environment can play an important role in your productivity# 7our computerKs des*top is a startin( point for your entire computin( experience+ butli*e anythin( else if you let it (et u(ly and messy your productivity will ta*e a dive#
"# Create  folders in My 9ocuments called ,


',

In)o> 5 Put unprocessed items that donFt have a place yet in here# This may be items li*e software installers youFve downloaded+ files sent to you from collea(ues+ and random text clippin(s# Action Items 5 Put items re6uirin( an action that ta*es more than / minutes in here# These may be items such as forms to fill out+ lar(e applications to install and setup+ and files to upload# On Ho"! 5 Put items you arenFt yet ready to do or complete in here# These may be articles youFre thin*in( of readin(+ s*etches for potential proGects+ and information about classes youFre thin*in( about ta*in(# Current Proects 5 Put files related to active proGects in here# This folder contains files youFre currently wor*in( on as well as reference files for a proGect# )ach proGect (ets its own uni6ue folder# Arc 5 Put completed proGects+ else$ive you mi(ht want to loo* at a(ain(eneral in here reference items+ and anythin(

Tip0 =y placin( the underscore in front of the name of the file folder+ it will force the folder to display at the top of the list in My 9ocuments# /# Now move all relevant files from your des*top into these folders# If you have a lar(e number of files+ you can move everythin( into the HInbox folder and or(aniJe it later# 0# 2ll that should be left on the des*top is pro(ram icons#

How Mu"h Ha%e You Leaned? 8elf5Chec* "#/

Directions0 Match the 8 principle that is needed or depicted in the followin( pictures# Co"umAn

"#8eiton /#8eiri

Co"um&n

b# a#


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0# 8ei*etsu c#

1# 8eiso

d# 7lease !ollow

our 3omuter La&oratory

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Directions0 4r(aniJe your des*top# Name the folders below and or(aniJe your own des*top by sortin( the (iven files accordin(ly#

1"

2"

4"

5"

Fi"es "# /# 0# 1# # D# %# '# ?#

7ouTubedownloader ireJilla 9epedmemorandum#pdf Lettertotheprincipal#doc $roupproGectproposal Proposed pro(ram of activities 8chool#Gpe( ideo of the school activities

"@#Myresume#doc ""# aceboo* usa(e#ppt

*"

Fi"e #o"!er nme "# /# 0# 1# # D# %# '# ?# "@# ""# "/# "0# "1# "#


,1


Scoring Ru)rics Criteria

Points

0# w&o 2ssistance Total

My8core

@ /

"# 2ccuracy /# 8peed

/ "@@


,2

LEARNING OUTCOME ) Ev"ute $@r!s n! ris(


"# /# 0#

)ffects of haJards are determined# 48< issues and concerns are identified in accordance with wor*place re6uirements and Relevant wor*place 48< le(islation#

Mateials "# /# 0# 1#

Wor*place Personal protective e6uipment PP)! Learnin( (uides

,#

What Do You Alead# $now? 'et us !etermine $o% muc$ you "re!y (no% )out t$e ev"ution o# $@r!s n! ris(* T(e t$is test*

Pretest L4 /

Direction0 Read each statement below carefully# PlaceT on the line+ if you thin* a statement is TRUE# Place F? if you thin* the statement is FA'SE#

EEEEE "# 7our *nees should be bent at a comfortable an(le and (reater than ?@ de(rees flexion when sittin( in front of a computer# EEEEE /# 2 well desi(ned mouse should not cause undue pressure on the wrist and forehead muscles# EEEEE 0# 8et the eye to screen distance that permits you to most easily focus on the screen# EEEEE 1# Chan(in( posture at fre6uent intervals maximiJes fati(ue when usin( a computer# EEEEE # Place the *eyboard in a position that allows the forearms to be close to the horiJontal and the wrists to be strai(ht# EEEEE D# It is recommended that operators avoid spendin( more than five hours a day on *eyboard duties and no lon(er than @ minutes per hour without a postural&stretchin( brea*# EEEEE %# To detect whether there are reflections from the des* surface+ the wor*er should hold the boo* below the surface and assess the chan(e in reflected (lare from the screen# EEEEE '# "@+@@@ 5 "/+@@@ *eystro*es per hour is considered an acceptable standard in typin(# EEEEE ?# $ood posture is essential for all users of computers# EEEEE "@# The solution is to increase the refresh rate of the monitor to at least %hJ#


,$



Computer -or(sttion Ergonomics There are various health problems associated with the re(ular use of computers+ such as stress+ eyestrain+ and inGuries to the wrists+ nec*+ and bac*# )mployers must ta*e steps to protect employees whose wor* involves the re(ular use of computers# Computer er(onomics is the discipline of matchin( the tas* to the wor*er usin( the most appropriate e6uipment to optimiJe human well5bein( and overall performance# This can be simplified to HModify the wor*place+ not the individualS#

Consideration should be (iven to, The accessories re6uired to operate properly The layout of e6uipment on the des* The location of furniture in the room


,%

-or( sur#ce $eig$t

#o*p+ter wor/place

2dGust the hei(ht of the wor* surface and&or the hei(ht of the chair so that the wor* surface allows your elbows to be bent at ?@ de(rees+ forearms parallel with the floor+ wrist strai(ht+ shoulders relaxed# C$ir 2dGust the seat tilt so that you are comfortable when you are wor*in( on the *eyboard# -sually+ this will be close to horiJontal but some people prefer the seat tilted sli(htly forwards# 7our *nees should be bent at a comfortable an(le and (reater than ?@ de(rees flexion# If this places an uncomfortable strain on the le( muscles or if the feet do not reach the floor then a footrest should be used# The footrest hei(ht must allow your *nees to be bent at ?@ de(rees# Therefore the hei(ht of the footrest may need to be adGustable# 2dGust the bac*rest so that it supports the lower bac* when you are sittin( upri(ht#

1ey)or! p"cement Place the *eyboard in a position that allows the forearms to be close to the horiJontal and the wrists to be strai(ht# That is+ with the hand in line with the forearm# this causes the elbows to be heldthe far wor* out from the Ifside of the body then re5chec* surface hei(ht# 8ome people prefer to have their wrists supported on a wrist des* or the des*# =e careful not to have the wrist extended or bent in an up position# Screen p"cement 8et the eye to screen at the distance that permits you to most easily focus on the screen# -sually+ this will be within an armKs len(th# 8et the hei(ht of the monitor so that the top of the screen is below eye level and the bottom of the screen can be read without a mar*ed inclination of the head# -sually+ this means that the center of the screen will need to be near shoulder hei(ht# )yes must be level with the tool bar# People who wear bifocal or multi5focal lenses will need to (et a balance between where they see out of their lenses and avoid too much nec* flexion# Des(,top "yout Place all controls and tas* materials within a comfortable reach of both hands so that there is no unnecessary twistin( of any part of the body# Most people prefer the document holder to be between the *eyboard and the monitor# There are many different types of document holders available#


,&

Document $o"!er Place this close to the monitor screen in the position that causes the least twistin( or inclination of the head# Posture n! environment Chan(e posture at fre6uent intervals to minimiJe fati(ue# 2void aw*ward postures at the extremes of the Goint ran(e+ especially the wrists# Ta*e fre6uent short rest brea*s rather than infre6uent lon(er ones# 2void sharp increases in wor* rate# Chan(es should be (radual enou(h to ensure that the wor*load does not result in excessive fati(ue# 2fter prolon(ed absences from wor* the overall duration of periods of *eyboard wor* should be increased (radually if conditions permit 'ig$ting

Place the monitor to the side of the li(ht source&s+ not directly underneath# Try to site des*s between rows of li(hts# If the li(htin( is fluorescent strip li(htin(+ the sides of the des*s should be parallel with the li(hts# Try not to put the screen near a window# If it is unavoidable+ ensure that neither the screen nor the operator faces the window# The solution is to increase the refresh rate of the monitor to at least %hJ# If the monitor is well away from windows+ there are no other sources of bri(ht li(ht and prolon(ed des*5wor* is the norm+ use a low level of service li(ht of 0@@ lux# If there are stron(ly contrastin( li(ht levels+ then a moderate level of li(htin( of 1@@ 5 @@ lux may be desirable# "re n! re#"ection It is important to detect the presence of (lare and reflection# To determine whether there is (lare from overhead li(hts whilst seated wor*er should hold an obGect such as a boo* above the eyes at eyebrow level and establish whether the screen ima(e becomes clearer in the absence of overhead (lare# To detect whether there are reflections from the des* surface+ the wor*er should hold the boo* above the surface and assess the chan(e in reflected (lare from the screen# Using  mouse 2 well desi(ned mouse should not cause undue pressure on the wrist and forearm muscles# 2 lar(e bul*y mouse may *eep the wrist continuously bent at an uncomfortable an(le# Pressure can be reduced by releasin( the mouse at fre6uent intervals+ by selectin( a slim5line+ low5profile mouse# :eep the mouse as close as possible to the *eyboard+ elbow bent and close to the body# Posture !uring 1eying


,'

$ood posture is essential for all users of computers# It comprises of a natural and relaxed position+ providin( opportunity for movement+ and from which the operator can assume a number of alternative positions# It is not  sing"e? rigi!"y !e#ine! position* Typing tec$niind one that fits small hands# 1ey)or!0 Child5siJed *eyboards with recommended#


li(ht

pressure

*eyin(

,,

are

How Mu"h Ha%e You Leaned? 8elf5Chec* /#"

Direction0 Read each statement below carefully# PlaceT on the line+ if you thin* a statement is TRUE# Place F? if you thin* the statement is FA'SE#

EEEEE "# 7our *nees should be bent at a comfortable an(le and (reater than ?@ de(rees flexion when sittin( in front of a computer# EEEEE /# 2 well5desi(ned mouse should not cause undue pressure on the waist and forehead muscles# EEEEE 0# 8et the eye to screen at a distance that permits you to most easily focus on the screen# EEEEE 1# Chan(in( posture at fre6uent intervals maximiJes fati(ue when usin( a computer# EEEEE # Place the *eyboard in a position that allows the forearms to be close to the horiJontal and the wrists to be strai(ht# EEEEE D# It is recommended that operators avoid spendin( more than five hours a day on *eyboard duties and no lon(er than @ minutes per hour without a postural&stretchin( brea*# EEEEE %# To detect whether there are reflections from the des* surface+ the wor*er should hold the boo* below the surface and assess the chan(e in reflected (lare from the screen# EEEEE '# "@+@@@ 5 "/+@@@ *eystro*es per hour is considered an acceptable standard in typin(# EEEEE ?# $ood posture is essential for all users of computers# EEEEE "@# The solution is to increase the refresh rate of the monitor to at least %hJ#



,-

How Do You A&&l# What You Ha%e Leaned? S$o% t$t you "erne! somet$ing )y !oing t$is ctivity* 4peration 8heet /#" Directions0 Revie% the or example+ a lar(e bul*y mouse may *eep the wrist continuously bent at an uncomfortable an(le# Ans%er $n!out + for an individual learnin( activity# 2s* students to choose one Gob either computer technician or computer pro(rammer! or activity at wor* or at home# List potential 2+ = and C type $@r!s on computer ergonomics for the Gob or activity on the wor*sheet and (ive reasons for the type of haJard# HAARDS EA'UATION Nme0 

.ComputerErgonomics/

0Dte

8ettin( , Computer ')ortory

H@r! A , Can cause serious inGury# Must be corrected immediately#

2ctivity &Bob , Computer Tec$nicin

H@r!&0 Must be corrected soon to avoid inGury#

Location , Philippines

H@r! C 0 Not an immediate concern# Plan to correct in future#

H@rA !

)xample! '.verloaded Electrical sockets

H@r& !

)xample! '.)omputer screen near a window.

H@rC !

)xample! '. *arge bulky mouse may keep the wrist continuously bent at an uncomfortable angle.

Reasons why ,

Reasonswhy,


Reasonswhy,

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$tudents iden!y

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soluons,strategies




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to control ha8ards

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-1

LEARNING OUTCOME  Contro" $@r!s n! ris(


"# 4<8 procedures for controllin( haJards and ris* are strictly followed# /# Procedures in dealin( with wor*place accidents+ fire and emer(encies are followed in accordance with the or(aniJationFs 48< policies# #

Mateials "# /# 0# 1#

Wor*place Personal protective e6uipment PP)! Learnin( (uides

-2

What Do You Alead# $now? 'et us !etermine $o% muc$ you "re!y (no% )out t$e contro" o# $@r!s n! ris( * T(e t$is test*

Pretest L4 0

A* Directions0 List down at least five ways to control haJards in the computer wor* place "# /# 0# 1# #

EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE

&* Directions0 Read each statement below carefully# Place T on the line+ if you thin* the statement is TRUE# Place F if you thin* the statement is FA'SE#

EEEEE "# The ri(ht li(htin( can reduce eyestrain+ nec* strain+ and headaches# EEEEE /# When you type+ hold your fin(ers+ wrists+ and lower arms in a strai(ht line from your *eyboard# EEEEE 0# The computer des* should be deep enou(h to support your arms when you wor* at the computer# EEEEE 1# When usin( a computer+ *eep your feet flat on the floor and your *nees sli(htly lower than your thi(hs# EEEEE # 8ubstitution of a specific haJard or haJardous wor* process+ or preventin( it from enterin( the wor*place+ is the most effective method of control#


-#

What Do You Need To $now? Re! t$e In#ormtion S$eet =*+ very %e"" t$en #in! out $o% muc$ you cn remem)er n! $o% muc$ you "erne! )y !oing Se"#,c$ec( =*+*

Information 8heet 0#"

Contro""ing $@r!s n! Ris( 2ll wor*place haJards chemical+ physical+ etc#! can be controlled by a variety of methods# The (oal of controllin( haJards is to prevent %or(ers #rom )eing e>pose! to occuption" $@r!s# 8ome methods of haJard control are more efficient than others+ but a combination of methods usually provides a safer wor*place than relyin( on only one method# 8ome methods of control are cheaper than others but may not provide the most effective way to reduce exposures# The most effective method of controllin( haJards is to control at the source by eliminatin( the haJard or by substitutin( a haJardous a(ent or wor* process with a less dan(erous one# =efore thin*in( about what control measures are needed+ first you need to *now whether there are health and safety problems in your wor*place+ and if so+ what they are# Ho% cn you i!enti#y $e"t$ n! s#ety pro)"ems2
ha,ards and ris/ control

4nce you reco(niJe a haJard+ then you can determine which measure will correct the problem most effectively# $enerally+ there are five maGor cate(ories of control measures, elimination+ substitution+ en(ineerin( controls+ administrative controls+ and personal protective e6uipment# )liminatin( a haJard means removin( it completely. substitution is COMPUTER ()R*+)RE SERVICING K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton

-$

replacin( one haJardous a(ent or wor* process with a less dan(erous one# 2n en(ineerin( control may mean chan(in( a piece of machinery for example+ usin( proper machine (uards! or a wor* process to reduce exposure to a haJard. wor*in( a limited number of hours in a haJardous area is an example of an administrative control for example+ Gob rotation!. and personal protective e6uipment PP)! includes ear and eye protection+ respirators+ and protective clothin(# .emem1er+ it is always better to control the haard as close to the source as possible. sing personal protection is the least acceptable and least effective of all control measures. Met$o!s o# Contro" $limination )limination of a specific haJard or haJardous wor* process+ or preventin( it from enterin( the wor*place+ is the most effective method of control# E"iminte $@r!s t t$e !eve"opment stgeJ It is important to consider the wor*erFs health and safety when wor* processes are still in the plannin( sta(e# >or example+ when purchasin( machines+ safety should be the first concern+ not cost# Machines should conform to national safety standards# They should be !esigne! with the correct (uard on them to eliminate the dan(er of a wor*er (ettin( cau(ht in the machine while usin( it# Machines that are not produced with the proper (uards on them may cost less to purchase+ but cost more in terms of accidents+ loss of production+ compensation+ etc# -nfortunately+ many used machines that do not meet safety standards are exported to developin( countries+ causin( wor*ers to pay the price with accidents+ hearin( loss from noise+ etc# (here are controls used) Controls are usually placed, "# 2t the source where the haJard Scomes fromS! /# 2lon( the path where the haJard StravelsS! 0#2t the wor*er

%eep

(hat is meant 1y elimination) )limination is the process of removin( the haJard from the wor*place# It is the most effective way to control a ris* because the haJard is no lon(er present# It is the preferred way to control a haJard and should be used whenever possible#


-%

(hat is su1stitution)

Safet- First 8ubstitution occurs when a new chemical or substance is used instead of another chemical# It is sometimes (rouped with elimination because+ in effect+ you are removin( the first

substance or haJard from the wor*place# The (oal+ obviously+ is to choose a new chemical that is less haJardous than the ori(inal# Ed"caton and T/anng

)mployee education and trainin( on how to conduct their wor* safely helps to minimiJe the ris* of exposure and is a critical element of any complete wor*place health and safety pro(ram# Trainin( must cover not only how to do the Gob safely but it must also ensure that wor*ers understand the haJards of their Gob# It must also provide them with information on how to protect themselves and co5wor*ers# oo! House(eeping $ood house*eepin( is essential to prevent the accumulation of haJardous or toxic materials e#(#+ build5up of dust or contaminant on led(es+ or beams!+ or haJardous conditions e#(#+ poor stoc*pilin(!# Emergency Prepre!ness =ein( prepared for emer(encies means ma*in( sure that the necessary e6uipment and supplies are readily available and that employees *now what to do when somethin( unplanned happens such as a release+ spill+ fire+ or inGury# These procedures should be written and employees should have the opportunity to practice their emer(ency response s*ills re(ularly# (hat should I kno& a1out personal protective e%uipment 2PP$3 as a hazard control method) Personal protective e6uipment PP)! includes items such as respirators+ protective clothin( such as (loves+ face shields+ eye protection+ and footwear that serve to provide a barrier between the wearer and the chemical or material# It is the final item on the list for a very (ood reason# Personal protective e6uipment should never be the only method used to reduce exposure except under very specific circumstances because PP) may SfailS stop protectin( the wor*er! with little or no warnin(# >or example, Sbrea*throu(hS can occur with (loves+ clothin(+ and respirator cartrid(es#

(hy is it important to monitor and revie& your hazard control program and methods) It is important to monitor both the haJard and the control method to ma*e sure that the control is wor*in( effectively and that exposure to the haJard is reduced or eliminated#


-&

8ome tools include physical inspection+ testin(+ exposure assessment+ observations+ inGury and illness trac*in(+ employee feedbac*&input+ occupational health assessment+ and other methods#

"ont Forget

=e sure to answer the followin( 6uestions,

Eec0e a,ard #ontrol Progra*

2 review will identify areas that may need more improvement or refinement# It is important to *now if all wor*place haJards are identified+ assessed+ and appropriately controlled# The wor*place can be a dan(erous place if various safety procedures are not properly considered# 8ome precautions which can be ta*en to reduce the ris* of accidents are, )nsure there are no trailin( wires across or around the room which people could trip on# Power cables should be safely secured# )lectrical soc*ets should not be overloaded# )lectrical e6uipment should be safety tested at least once a year# There should be ade6uate space around des*s for people to move# =a(s and obstacles should be stored out of the way so that people canKt trip over them# >ood and drin* should not be placed near a machine#

-'

Hve  "oo( t t$ese top tips to ensure t$t you %or( s#e"y n! com#ort)"y0

+* The ri(ht li(htin( can reduce eyestrain+ nec* strain+ and headaches# 8unli(ht is the best li(ht+ but ma*e sure it doesnKt create (lare on your computer screen# 5* The proper des* will let you find the perfect wor*in( position# It should be deep enou(h to support your arms when you wor* at the computer# =* Place your computer screen at eye5level or Gust below# >or optimal comfort+ set it about 1 cm "' in#! from your face# 4* 8it up strai(ht in your chair# :eep your feet flat on the floor and your *nees sli(htly lower than your thi(hs# 8* Choose an office tas* chair that lets you tilt forward to reach obGects in front of you and bac*ward to stretch your arms when youKre tired# ;* When you type+ hold your fin(ers+ wrists+ and lower arms in a strai(ht line from your *eyboard# * :eep e6uipment that you use a lot+ li*e your telephone and computer *eyboard+ within a distance of about % cm 0@ in#! when youKre sittin( at your des*# :eep other stora(e and e6uipment farther away# This encoura(es you to chan(e wor*in( positions durin( the day# Points to remem)er "# 4ccupational haJards can be controlled by a variety of methods# /# The (oal of contr ollin( haJards is to prevent wor*ers from bein( exposed to occupational haJards# 0# The most effective control measure is to cont rol haJards at the source by eliminatin( the haJa rd or by substitutin( a haJardous chemical+ machine+ wor* process+ etc#+ with a less dan(erous one# 1# It is impo rtant to reco (niJe haJards and heal th and safe ty problems in the wor*place# # There are five (eneral cate(ories of control measures, elimination+ substitution+ en(ineerin( controls+ administrative controls and personal protective e6uipment# 2 combination of methods usually provides a safer and healthier wor*place than relyin( on only one method# D# Personal protective e6uipment should be the last choice in control measures#


-,

Remem)er t$e = steps to contro""ing  $@r!* See it# 5 Identify the haJards# What is unsafe;

T$in( It# 5 )valuate the haJard# What could happen; Do It# 5 Provide solutions to control or eliminate the haJard#

How Mu"h Ha%e You Leaned? 8elf5Chec* 0#"

Directions0 8earch for the ten "@! different methods used to control haJards and ris*s# )ncircle the word& words vertically+ horiJontally+ bac*ward+ upward or downward * E' IM I AADED T T R  U F SEAS SDASEDOERACNHH T RAININ T AIKE T F F A A A OEE D O N I PSATD T A N A I URE& O A E U R NASIA CNENA I A E I T RIS1 O  E ACR

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--


Directions 0 2s* students to wor* in small (roups /51 persons! and thin* about specific+ possible computer laboratory or classroom haJards that could fall into the cate(ories listed in handout below. 2llow "@ minutes# 9ebrief the activity in a lar(e (roup by as*in( the students what they thou(ht mi(ht be haJards# Write their responses on the left side of a flipchart# 2s* the students to speculate about the *ind of inGuries that could result from each haJard and write these on the ri(ht side of the flipchart# Ma*e su((estions that will control the ris* and haJards identified into an innovative and creative way li*e poster+ brochure+ and leaflets or throu(h a >aceboo* >un Pa(e# Handout 4+ C5-P#T$. 6B5.T5.78C6SS.55- H9.DS C5NDITI5N


1..

•

•

•

How Well Did You 'efo!? Fin! out )y ccomp"is$ing t$e S coring Ru)ric $onest"y n! sin cere"y* Remem)er it is your "erning t st(e3

!c0it-

Iden!ying ha8ardsand %is:

3ontrolling ha8ardsand %is:

4

3

2

1

$tudents iden!y $tudents iden!y $tudents iden!y $tudents iden!y morethan5 atleast5 atleast4 !ewerthan4 reasona&le9 reasona&le9 reasona&le9 reasona&le9 insigh;ul insigh;ul insigh;ul insigh;ul &arriers,ro&lems &arriers,ro&lems &arriers,ro&lems &arriers,ro&lems thatneedto thatneedto thatneedto thatneedto control ha8ards controlha8ards control ha8ards control ha8ards andris:s" andris:s" andris:s" andris:s" $tudentsi den!y $tudentsi den!y $tudentsi den!y $tudentsi den!y morethan5 atleast5 atleast4 !ewerthan4 reasona&le9 reasona&le9 reasona&le9 reasona&le9 insigh;ul ossi&le insigh;ul ossi&le insigh;ul ossi&le insigh;ul ossi&le soluons,strategie soluons,strategie soluons,strategie soluons,strategie stocontrol stocontrol stocontrol stocontrol ha8ards and ris:s" ha8ards and ris:s" ha8ards and ris:s" ha8ards and ris:s"


1.1

How Do You E)tend You Leanin*? Directions0 Complete the Table below by analyJin( the tas* (iven# 7our Task' Thin* about what your first next! Gob mi(ht be in the future# In your mind ma*e a picture of how your wor*place loo*s li*e# Thin* about how you could answer the followin( 6uestions#

M TRIA' RUN FOR M FUTURE0 See it3 T$in( it3 Do it3

See it3 T$in( It3 Do It3 Buestions

Situtions

"# 9escribe one unsafe situation you mi(ht find at wor*#

/# Why is this a haJardous situation;

0# What inGury or health problem could result; 1#
Congrtu"tions3 ou !i!  gret o)3 Rest n! re">*


1.2

REFERENCES L4"

=ahr+ N# B#+ H8ystem 8afety )n(ineerin( and Ris* 2ssessment, 2 Practical 2pproach+ Taylor and >rancis+ "??% http,&&www#austlii#edu#au L4 / http,&&www#michi(an#(ov&documents&15pub/@%ED@%0%E%#pdf http,&&www#empf#or(&empfasis&au(@1&prop#htm L4 0 http,&&www#la*eland#cc#il#us& http,&&www#waset#or(&Gournals&waset&v1'&v1'5%D#pdf http,&&www#lean*aiJen#co#u*&s5your5computer#htm


1.#

ANS-ER 1ES 'ESSON + 'O+ AND 'O5 P'AN AND PREPARE FOR TAS1S TO &E UNDERTA1EN AND PREPARE HAND TOO'S PRETEST A* "# /# 0# 1# # D#

True True >alse True >alse True

&* "# /# 0# 1# # D# %# '# ?#

2 5 2ntistatic mat C 3 Philips head screwdriver = 3 lat head screwdriver = 3 Torx screwdriver

"@# C 3 Compressed air SE'F,CHEC1 A* "# /# 0# 1# # D#

True True >alse True >alse True

&* "# 2ntistatic Wrist 8trap /# 0# 1# # D# %# '# ?#

>lat lashli(ht Lint5free Cloth Multimeter 2ntistatic Mat Philips

1.$

"@# Loopbac* 2dapter ""# Torx 8crewdriver "/# TweeJers "0#
'O=* USE APPROPRIATE HAND TOO'S AND TEST EBUIPMENT PRETEST "# e6ualiJe /# cloc*wise 0# countercloc*wise 1# philips # insulator D# four# %# lead '# distilled ?# isopropyl "@# hex driver

SE'F,CHEC1 A* "# /# 0# 1# #

2ntistatic Wrist 8trap Philips lat
&*

COMPONENTSTOC'EAN

C'EAN-ITH0

Computer case and outside monitor :eyboard

Mild cleanin( solution and lint free cloth sample!

Mouse

Mi"! c"ening so"ution n! "int,#ree c"ot$

LC9 screen CRT screen

'CD c"ening so"ution or !isti""e! %ter n! "int, #ree c"ot$ Disti""e! %ter n! "int,#ree c"ot$

Compresse! ir

R2M

Isopropy" "co$o" n! "int,#ree c"ot$

Compresse! ir n! )rus$


1.%

'O4*

MAINTAIN HAND TOO'S

PRETEST "# /# 0# 1# # D# %# '#

True True True True True True True True

SE'F,CHEC1 $ood practices of proper stora(e of tools, at least /! "# Parts should be properly stored and labeled# /# Tools should be properly placed on the board+ and labeled# Cons ider drawin( the shapes of the tools on the board so that they always (et put bac* in the same position# 0# -se bins for storin( small parts# 1# Consider ma*in( an individual or individuals! responsible for the (ood maint enance of tools and parts

=enefits of proper stora(e of tools, at least /! "# Tools and parts are *ept in (ood condition and are easy to find /# Costs are reduced 0# Productivity is increased because time is not lost loo*in( for tools+ parts and e6uipment 1# Wor*shop staff develop a sense of responsibility and pride in their wor*

'ESSON 5 'O+*

SE'ECT COMPONENTS TO &E MEASURED

PRETEST "# C /# I 0# 9 1# > # $ D# ) %# B '# = ?# 2 "@# <


1.&

SE'F,CHEC1 "# I /# 9 0# > 1# $ # ) D# B %# = '# C ?# 2 "@# <

'O5* CARR OUT MEASUREMENTS AND CA'CU'ATION PRETEST "! Convert "1 to b inary number# Ouotient % 0 " @

"1&/ %&/ 0&/ "&/

Chec*in(,

Remainder @ " " "

Ans%er0 +4  +++6 " " " @ multiplier ' '

1 1

/ /

" e6uivalents @ results

'1/  "1

/! If a "@ := file is stored i n a " M= folder+ then approximately how many files can be stored in that folder; " :=  "+@/1 =ytes "@  "+@/1  "@+/1@ bytes in a "@ := file " M=  "+@1'+%D =ytes "+@1'+%D & "@+/1@  "@/#1 Ans%er0 2pproximately +65 files


1.'

SE'F,CHEC1 Convert the decimal numbers shown below to binary# Perform chec*in( to verify answers# "! "?

Ouotient "?&/ ? ?&/ 1 1&/ / /&/ " " Ans%er0 +9  +66++ Chec*in(, " @ @ "D ' 1 "D  /  "  "?

Remainder " " @ @

" /

" "

multiplier e6uivalents

/! /'

Ouotient /'&/ "1 "1&/ % %&/ 0 0&/ " " Ans%er0 5:  +++66 Chec*in(, " " " "D ' 1 "D  '  1  /'

Remainder @ @ " "

@ /

@ "


0! 0%

Chec*in(,

Ouotient Remainder 0%&/ "' " "'&/ ? @ ?&/ 1 " 1&/ / @ /&/ " @ " Ans%er0 +9  +66+6+ " @ @ " @ " 0/ "D ' 1 / " 0/  1  "  0%



1.,

'ESSON = 'O+* IDENTIF DIFFERENT 1INDS OF TECHNICA' DRA-INS* PRETEST "# /# 0# 1# #

e a d c b

SE'F,CHEC1 "# b /# a 0# d 1# c # e

'O5*

INTERPRET TECHNICA' DRA-IN*

PRETEST SE'F,CHEC1 "# /# 0# 1# # D#

/ "  D 0 1

'ESSON 4 'O+*

IDENTIF HAARDS AND RIS1S*

PRESTEST A* "# /# 0# 1#

b a d c

# e &* "# seiri )xample , answer may vary /# seiton COMPUTER ()R*+)RE SERVICING K to 12 – Technology and L!elhood Ed"caton

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)xample , answer may vary 0# seiso )xample , answer may vary 1# sei*etsu )xample , answer may vary # 8hitsu*e )xample , answer may vary SE'F,CHEC1 +*+ A* "# /# 0# 1# #

T > T > T

"# /# 0# 1# #

physical haJard mechanical haJard chemical haJard physical haJard electrical haJard

&*

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Acknowledgement This Learnin( Module was developed for the )xploratory Courses in Technolo(y and Livelihood )ducation+ $rades % and ' of the : to "/ Curriculum with the assistance of the followin( persons, This Learnin( Module on Computer Hr!%re Servicing was developed by the followin( personnel, -5D#6$ (.IT$.S RONA'DO*RAMI'O 9ivision ICT Coordinator Tanauan City 9ivision Tanauan City 5 Re(ion I52 CalabarJon

DEOERM*PASCO

ICT Coordinator Ta(um National Trade 8chool

Ta(um+ 9avao del Norte 5 Re(ion XI

.$0I$($.S I' P* CASUA )hief E2& 2pecialist, E2& RENA'DO S* DANTES 2enior E2& 2pecialist, E2&

MARIA A* ROBUE 2enior E2& 2pecialist, E2&

&ERNADETTES*AUDILE 2enior E2& 2pecialist, E2&

ICTORION *MEDRANO %rincipal 34, 2%5)672

PARA'UM AN R* 4IRON? E!*D* )hair, 2ub-$8 on 9 to ':

&RENDA &* CORPU? P$*D* for 9 to '; )urriculum

OFE'IAO*F'OLO 5etired ssistant )hief, EE&, 5egion 34- AIDAT* A'URA 42 33, )62

&EATRIA*ADRIANO %rincipal 34, E5472 DOMINACARO'INAF* CHAE %rincipal 33, <#72

D5C#-$NT5.S 8 S$C.$T.IT PRISCI''A E* ON 9 to '; 2ecretariat

FREDERIC1 4* DE' ROSARIO 7ead eacher 333, #672

EMMANUE'*DIONISIO 7ead eacher 333, =8#<2

'M-E'P*'OPE eacher 3, =8#<2

DANTE D* ERMON LR* eacher3,=8#<2

LOANNA 'ISA C* CARPIO eacher3,#672

Dir* IME'DA &* TAANAS E>ecutive &irector, ?ualifications 2tandards ffice 9 to ' *earning rea eam )onvenor, *E"4E


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Computer Systems Servicing Learning Module k to 12

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