Computer Fundamental (Bangla Book)

Computer Fundamental What Is Computer?

Kw¤úDUvi wK? Computer kãwUi mvaviY Compute kãwUi A_© MYbv

A_© n‡”Q MYK hš¿| j¨vwUb kã Compute †_‡K Bs‡iRx Computer k‡ãi DrcwË| ev wnmve wbKvk Kiv| Kw¤úDUv‡ii mvnv‡h¨ g~ jZt †hvM, we‡qvM, ¸Y, fvM BZ¨vw` Kvhv© ejx m¤úv`b Kiv hvq| wKš‘ eZ© gvb hy ‡M Kw¤úDUv‡ii eûgyLx L x eënv‡ii d‡j Kw¤úDUv‡ii ms½v A‡bK e¨vcKZv jvf K‡i‡Q| †Kvb mxwgZ ms½v w`‡q Avi Kw¤úDUvi‡K MÛxe× Kiv hvq bv| Who Is The Inventor Of Computer?

Kw¤úDUvi -Gi Avwe®‹viK ‡K? Pvj© m e¨v‡eR Avay wbK wewkó weÁvbx weª wUk MwYZwe` Pvj© Kw¤úDUv‡ii g~ jbxwZ wbav© iY K‡ib| ‰eÁvwbK cÖ hy w³i Afv‡e e¨v‡e‡Ri GB g~ jbxwZ ev¯— evqb Kiv m¤¢e nqwb| ZeyI Zvu i GB hyMvš—Kvix wPš— vfvebv Ges cÖ ‡Póvi Rb¨ Zvu ‡K Avay wbK Kw¤úDUv‡ii RbK ejv nq| 1887 mv‡j Wv³vi nvigvb n‡jwi_ Av‡gwiKvi Av`gïgvixi KvR `ª “Z m¤úv`‡bi Rb¨ Pvj© m e¨v‡e‡Ri g~ jbxwZ wb‡q M‡elbv ïi“ K‡ib| c‡i 1911 mv‡j `yÕwU Õ wU wfbœ ‡Kv¤úvbxi mn‡hvMxZvq wZwb KgwcDwUs, †Uey ‡jwUs I †iKwW©s †Kv¤úvbx cÖ wZôv K‡ib| hv c‡i wek¦ weL¨vZ IBM (International Business Machine) -G iƒcvš— wiZ nq| Computer Structure:

Kw¤úDUvi Gi MVb cÖ bvjxt cÖ bvjxt Computer g~ g~ jZt wZbwU As‡k wef³| †hgb t

1. Input Device. D`vniYt Kx †evW©, gvDm, Rqw÷K, MÖ vwd· c¨vW, ¯‹vbvi BZ¨vw`| Unit (CPU) 2. Central Processing Unit 3. Output Device. D`vniYt gwbUi, wcÖ ›Uvi, w¯úKvi cÖ f„ wZ|

MvwbwZK hy w³ Ask -----------^---------- ‡m›Uª vj BDwbU --- > -----------^---------- ¯§„ wZ GjvKv

Bbcy U wWfvBm

AvDUcy U

wWfvBm

Deference Between Computer & Human Being: Kw¤úDUvi I gvby‡li ‡ li g‡a¨ cv_© K¨t

Kw¤úDUvi I gvby ‡li g‡a¨ cv_© K¨ n‡jv Kw¤úDUvi †h †Kvb Kv‡Ri djvdj AwZ `ª “Z `ª “Z MwZ‡Z cÖ `k© b K‡i| wKš‘ gvby l Zv cv‡i bv| Zv m‡Ë¡I gvby l Kw¤úDUv‡ii †P‡q ey w×gvb| Kvib Kw¤úDUvi gvby ‡li nv‡Z Mov GKwU B‡jKUª wb· hš¿| Zvi †P‡q eo KviY n‡jv Kw¤úDUv‡ii wbR¯^ †Kvb ey w× †bB| gvby l hw` Zvi ¯§„ wZ ev †g‡gvix‡Z md& UIqvi †mU K‡i †`q Zvn‡j †m H md& UIqv‡ii mvnvh¨ wb‡q Avgv‡ì mvg‡b Z_¨ cÖ `vb cÖ `vb Ki‡e| Zvi †ekx ev Kg Ki‡e bv| Classification Of Computer:

Kw¤úDUvi Gi MVb cÖ bvjx cÖ bvjx t t MVb I D‡Ïk¨ †f‡` Kw¤úDUvi‡K `y B fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq| h_vt  

Analog Computer Digital Computer

GQvov Dc‡iv³ `y B ai‡Yi Kw¤úDUvi Gi mswgkª ‡b Av‡iKwU Kw¤úDUvi ˆZix n‡q‡Q| Gi bvg Hybrid Computer | Note : wWwRUvj Kw¤úDUvi‡K Avevi Pvi fv‡M fvM Kiv nq| h_vt 1. mycvi Kw¤úDUvi 2. †gBb‡d« g Kw¤úDUvi 3. wgwb‡d« g Kw¤úDUvi 4. gvB‡v Kw¤úDUvi ev, cv‡m© vbvj Kw¤úDUvi| wb‡P Gi m¤ú‡K© Zz ‡j aiv nj| Classification Of Digital Computer:

wWwRUvj Kw¤úDUvi Gi MVb cÖ bvjxt cÖ bvjxt Super Computer. D`vniYt fvi‡Zi wbR¯^ ˆZix K… Z mycvi c vi Kw¤úDUvi ÔcigÕ| GQvov i‡q‡Qt Cray-1, Cyber-205 . Mainframe Computer. D`vniYt UNIVAC 1100/11, IBM 6120, NCR N8370, IBM 4341 . Miniframe Computer. D`vniYt PDP 11, NOV A3, IBM S/34, IBM S/36 . Micro Computer. D`vniYt eZ© gv‡b Avgiv †h me Kw¤úDUvi †`wL Zvi meB n‡”Q gvB‡v ev, cv‡m© vbvj Kw¤úDUvi| G‡ì g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q : Apple 64, IBM PC, TRS 80 cÖ f„ wZ|

Created by: Md. Kamrul Hassan Bappy

Page: 1 of 6

E-mail: [email protected]

Computer Fundamental Measurement Of Data Of The Computer: Computer -Gi Z_¨ cwigv‡ci GKKt

evBbvix bv¤^ vi c×wZ‡Z eëüZ AsK 0 (ïb¨) Ges 1 (GK) ‡K Bit e‡j| Bs‡iRx Binary k‡ãi Bi I Digit k‡ãi t wb‡q ¯§„ wZ‡Z iw¶Z 0 I 1 Gi †KvW w`‡q wewfbœ Z_¨ msiw¶Z _v‡K| G Kvi‡Y Kw¤úDUv‡ii Bit kãwU ˆZix n‡q‡Q| Kw¤úDUvi ¯§„ wZ‡Z ¯§„ wZi aviY ¶gZvi ¶y `ª GKK wnmv‡e Bit kãwU eëüZ nq| Kw¤úDUvi GB 0 I 1 Øviv †h we‡kl c×wZ‡Z Kw¤úUv‡ii KvR K‡i Zv‡K Kw¤úUv‡ii hvwš¿ K fvlv ejv nq| Bit, Byte, KB,MB,GB Ges Gi g‡a¨ m¤úK© t

Kw¤úDUv‡ii ¯§„ wZ‡Z weU, evBU ev Kw¤úDUv‡ii kã avi‡Yi msL¨v Øviv aviY ¶gZv wb‡`© k Kiv hvq| mvavibZt evBU w`‡q ¯§„ wZi aviY ¶gZv cÖ Kvk Kiv nq| Z‡e ejv ìKvi †h weU n‡”Q Kw¤úUv‡ii msL¨v c×wZi ¶z `ª ¶z `ª Zg GKK| G‡ì g‡a¨ m¤ú© K wb‡P Zz ‡j aiv njt 8 Bit

= 1 Byte

1024 Byte

= 1 Kilobyte(KB)

[1 Byte = 1 Character]

1024 Kilobyte Kilobyte = 1 Megabyte (MB) 1024 Megabyte = 1 Gigabyte (GB) 1024 Gigabyte = 1 Terabyte (TB)

How Many Parts Parts Of A Computer?

Kw¤úDUvi Gi KqwU Ask I wK wK? There are two parts of a Computer t  Hardware:

Kw¤úDUv‡ii mKj cÖ Kvi hš¿ ev, hš¿ vsk‡K Hardware ( nvW© nvW© Iq¨vi Iq¨vi ) ejv nq|

 Software :

wb®cÖ vb nvW©Iq¨vi‡K I q¨vi‡K Kvh© ¶g K‡i mwq K‡i †Zvjvi Rb¨ eëüZ ‡cÖ vMÖ vgB n‡”Q mdUIq¨vi| What Is Memory?

¯§„wZ wZ wK? gvby ‡li g‡Zv Kw¤úDUv‡iiI †g‡gvix ev, ¯§„ wZ i‡q‡Q| Kw¤úDUv‡ii ¯§„ wZ‡K `y B fv‡M ch© vwqZ Kiv hvq| h_vt 1. cÖavb ¯§„ wZ (Main memory) †hgbt RAM, ROM| 2. mnvqK ¯§„ wZ (Auxiliary memory) †hgbt d¬ wc wW‡¯‹U, nvW© wW¯‹ , Kgc¨v± wW¯‹ cÖ f„ cÖ f„ wZ| What Is RAM?

i¨vg wK? (Volatile) ¯§„ wZ fvÛvi | Input Device n‡Z mKj cÖ Kvi Z_¨ RAM ( Random Access Memory) GKwU A¯’ vqx RAM G Rgv nq| cÖavb avb ¯§„ wZi G As‡k hLb ZLb bZz b Z_¨ †jLv hvq, Z_¨ cov hvq Ges B”Qv Ki‡j Z_¨ mg~ n gy ‡Q †djv hvq| RAM -Gi Z_¨ cov I †jLv Dfq KvRB m¤úv`b Kiv hvq e‡j G‡K wjLb cVb ¯§wZI (Read Write Memory) ejv n‡q _v‡K| we`y ¨r mieivn eÜ n‡j RAM G iw¶Z mKj Z_¨ gy ‡Q hvq| ZvB G‡K A¯’ vqx ¯§„ wZ wnmv‡e AwfwnZ Kiv nq| What Is ROM?

ig wK? ROM ( Read (Non Volatile) ¯§„ wZ fvÛvi| cÖavb avb ¯§„ wZi GB AskwU ¯’ vqx, AcwieZ© bxq I Read Only Memory ) GKwU ¯’ vqx AaŸsmvZ¡ K ¯§„ wZ| Computer -G we`y ¨r mieivn eÜ K‡i w`‡jI GB ¯§„ wZ‡Z ¯§„ wZ‡Z iw¶Z Z_¨ gy ‡Q hvq bv| ROM -G bZz b wKQy

ms‡hvRb, ms‡kvab ev cwieZ© b Kiv hvq bv| GB As‡k wjwLZ Z_¨ ïay gvÎ cov hvq, wKš‘ †jLv hvq bv| ZvB G‡K ¯’ vqx ¯§„ wZ wnmv‡e AwfwnZ Kiv nq| Created by: Md. Kamrul Hassan Bappy

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Computer Fundamental What Is Disk?

wW¯‹ wK? Computer Gi hveZxq Z_¨ msi¶Y Kivi Avavi †K Disk e‡j| Disk `y B ai‡bi n‡q _v‡K| †hgbt 1. Floppy Disk 2. Hard Disk.

GQvovI evRv‡i AviI GK ai‡bi Disk cvIqv hvq hvi bvg Compact Disk (CD). wW¯‹ Gi aviY ¶gZv wbæwjwLZ: 

Floppy Disk:  Compact Disk:  Hard Disk :  DVD Disk :

1.44 Megabyte (MB) [ For 3 1/2 Floppy Disk ] 150 Megabyte (MB) †_‡K 800 Megabyte (MB) 15 Gigabyte (GB) †_‡K 800 Gigabyte (GB) 700 Megabyte (MB) †_‡K 12 Gigabyte (GB)

What Is Operating System? Operating System wK? Operate (Pvjv‡bv) ‡_‡K Operating k‡ãi DrcwË| k‡ãi AvwfavwbK A_© n‡jv cwiPvjbv Kiv| Avi System k‡ãi A_© n‡jv c×wZ| bv| hLbB Operating System ej‡Z Kw¤úDUvi cwiPvjbv Kivi c×wZ‡K ey Svq| Operating System ej‡Z cwiPvjbv Kiv ey Svq Avgiv †Kvb Kw¤úDUvi Pvjy Ki‡Z hvB Zvi c~ ‡e© Avgv‡ì‡K Rvb‡Z n‡e Kw¤úDUv‡i Operating System Av‡Q wKbv| †Kbbv Operating m¤¢ e bq| System Kw¤úDUv‡ii mg¯— Ask wbqš¿ b K‡i| Zvjve× GKwU N‡i cÖ ‡ek Ki‡Z n‡j ‡hgb Pvwei cÖ ‡qvRb nq, bv n‡j Xy Kv fv‡e Kw¤úDUvi Pvjv‡Z cÖ‡qvRb nq nq Operating System. System. †hgbt DB‡ÛvR, BDwb·, wjbv·, g¨vK IGm, cvIqvi I‡cb †Zgwb fv‡e

cÖ f„ wZ| What Is Startup Disk?

÷vU© Avc A vc wW¯‹ wK? Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷gi ‡hme dvBj †jvwWs Gi gva¨‡g Kw¤úDUvi Pvjy nq †m¸‡jv n‡”Q ÷vU© Avc dvBj| Ges Kw¤úDUv‡ii †h ¯§„ wZ‡Z GB ÷vU© Avc dvBj¸‡jv msiw¶Z _v‡K Zv n‡”Q Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g| mvavibZ GUI B›Uvi‡dm mg„ × DB‡Ûv‡Ri ÷vU© Avc wW¯‹ wn‡m‡e nvW© wW¯‹ Ges Dos ‡gv‡Wi Rb¨ ÷vU© Avc wW‡¯‹U wn‡m‡e d¬ wc wW¯‹ eëüZ nq| What Is Windows? Windows wK? Windows n‡jv Microsoft Corporation KZ… K © evRviRvZK… Z evRviRvZK… Z GKwU kw³kvjx Operating System. Windows Operating System -Gi Aax‡b A‡bK¸‡jv Application Software _v‡K hv †m cwiPvjbv K‡i _v‡K| DOS (Disk Operating System) -Gi Aax‡b †h me Application Software _v‡K †m¸‡jv Avgiv DOS Command Gi gva¨‡g cwiPvjbv Kwi| DOS Command -Gi RwUjZv `~ i Kivi Rb¨ Microsoft Corporation Windows Operating System wU †ei K‡ib| GLv‡b Application Software ¸‡jv cwiPvjbvmn mKj KvR Mouse I Keyboard Gi mgš^ ‡q Ly e mn‡R Kiv hvq|

Various Types Of Windows Operating System’s Verson: Windows Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷‡gi fvm© ‡bi wewfbœ Zvt wewfbœ Zvt

Av‡MB ejv n‡q‡Q DB‡ÛvR GKwU kw³kvjx Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g| ïay ZvB bq GwU †hgb BDRvi †d« ‡Ûjx †d« ‡Ûjx †Zgwb eûj eëüZ GKwU Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g| GwUi wewfbœ fvm© b i‡q‡Q| ‡hgbt Windows 98, Windows 2000, Windows ME. eZ© gv‡b bZz b eëüZ DB‡ÛvR n‡”Q Windows XP. GQvovI ‡bUIqvwK© s Gi Rb¨ eëüZ Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g nj Windows NT. Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷‡gi wfbœ Zvi ì“b G‡K bvbv ai‡bi fvm© ‡b fvM Kiv nq| DB‡ÛvR 95 Gi Av‡Mi Kvi Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g ¸‡jv wQj 16 we‡Ui| Gici 95, 98, 2000, Gg B, GbwU GB ms¯‹iY ¸wj wQj 32 we‡Ui| eZ© gv‡b DB‡ÛvR G·wc evRv‡i Av‡Q| GwU 64 we‡Ui Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g Ges Ab¨vb¨ Acv‡iwUs wm‡÷g¸‡jvi †P‡q me© v‡c¶v †ekx cvidi‡gÝ w`‡Z m¶g| gvB‡vmdU cieZ© x‡Z DB‡ÛvR jsnb© GwWkb evRv‡i Qvoevi c`‡¶c wb‡”Q| Created by: Md. Kamrul Hassan Bappy

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Computer Fundamental What is Computer’s Booting Process?

Kw¤úDUv‡ii ey wUs cÖ ‡mm cÖ ‡mm wK? 

Kw¤úDUvi Ab Kivi ci †h Kvj ¯Œx‡b Kw¤úDUv‡ii nvW©Iq¨vi I q¨vi I Ab¨vb¨ m¤úwK© Z wewfbœ Z_¨ Avm‡Z _v‡K ZvB

Kw¤úDUv‡ii ey wUs cÖ ‡mm| GB mg‡q ÷vU© Avc wW¯‹ n‡Z Z_¨ i¨v‡g P‡j Av‡m Ges ev‡qvm, Autoexec.bat, Config.sys BZ¨vw` dvBj¸‡jv †jvW nq| How To Start A Computer?

Kw¤úDUvi Pvjy Kiv Kiv hvq wKfv‡e? 

cÖ_‡g _‡g Kw¤úDUv‡ii we`y ¨r mieiv‡ni hveZxq jvBb wVK Av‡Q wKbv Zv †`‡L my BP Ab Ki‡Z n‡e|



GLb Casing Box Gi Power Switch evU‡b wUc w`‡q Kw¤úDUvi ON Ki‡Z n‡e|



wKQy ¶Y A‡c¶v Kivi ci KZ¸‡jv Folder/Icon mn Windows Desktop Screen cÖ `wk© Z n‡e| Introducing on Windows Screen:

DB‡ÛvR Gi ¯Œxb cwiwPwZt c~ ‡e© B ejv n‡q‡Q Kw¤úDUv‡ii Power

On K‡i

we`y ¨r ms‡hvM mva‡bi ci hw` Kw¤úDUviwU Windows

Operating

System Gi gva¨‡g P‡j Z‡e Aí¶‡bi g‡a¨ Avcwb DB‡Ûv‡Ri Screen ‡`L‡Z cv‡eb| Z‡e Avcbv‡K Rvb‡Z n‡e DB‡ÛvR

¯Œx‡bi †ek ‡bi †ek wKQy êwkó¨ i‡q‡Q| hv †`L‡jB Avcbv‡K ey S‡Z n‡e Kw¤úDUv‡ii GwU Windows Operating System Gi ¯Œxb Ges KvR m¤úv`b Kivi Rb¨ mew`K †_‡K cÖ ¯‘ Z| DB‡Ûv ¯Œx‡bi GB êwkó¨ ¸wj wb‡gœ Zz ‡j aiv njt 

i WªvBf My Computer t ¯Œx‡bi hveZxq AvBKb ¸‡jvi g‡a¨ My Computer GKwU| GwU w`‡q Kw¤úDUv‡ii nvW© wW‡¯‹

¸‡jv‡K cÖ ‡ek Kiv mn dvBj, †cÖ vMÖ vg BZ¨vw` I‡cb Kiv hvq| 

My Documents

t wWdvë †mwUs wn‡m‡e GB AvBKbwU ¯Œx‡bi My Computer Gi wb‡PB Ae¯’ vb K‡i| Gi g‡a¨

Avgiv †h me Document RwbZ Kvh© vejx m¤úv`b Kwi Zv G‡m Rgv nq| 

Recycle Bin t ¯Œx‡bi Ab¨vb¨ AvBKb¸‡jvi mv‡_ Recycle Bin bv‡gI GKwU AvBKb _v‡K| Bnv Kw¤úDUv‡ii Wvóweb

wn‡m‡e f~ wgKv cvjb K‡i| Avgiv A‡bK mgq Avgv‡ì AcÖ ‡qvRbxq dvBj ¸‡jv gy ‡Q †dwj| Zv G‡m GLv‡b Rgv nq| Gici 

Recycle Bin Empty Kivi

gva¨‡g dvBj ¸‡jv Kw¤úDUvi n‡Z wPiZ‡i gy ‡Q w`‡Z nq| wimvB‡Kj web n‡Z GKevi

gy ‡Q †djv dvBj Avi KLbI †diZ Av‡m bv| 

Taskbar t Windows ¯Œx‡bi

Bar.

wb‡Pi w`‡K Aby fy wgKfv‡e (Horizontally) we`¨gvb Ber wUi wUi bvg Windows Task

Bnv A‡b‡Ki Kv‡Q Avevi ÷vUvm evi wn‡m‡eI cwiwPZ| Gi mevi Wvb w`‡K _‡K U¨v¯‹ AvBKb| Kw¤úDUvi Pvjy nevi

mg‡qB G¸‡jv †jvW nq| Gi mv‡_ Kw¤úDUv‡ii NwoI Ae¯’ vb K‡i| Gi Øviv eZ© gvb mgq Rbv hvq| 

Start Button t Windows Taskbar Gi

System

evg w`‡K Ò STARTÓ †jLv GKwU evUb cv‡eb| Gi Øviv Operating

Gi †h‡Kvb Kvh© m¤úv`b Kiv hvq| Kw¤úDUv‡i Bb÷j Kiv ‡cÖ vMÖ vgI Gi Øviv Pvjy Kiv hvq| ÷vU© †gby ‡Z †h‡q

Avcwb †h Ackb †`L‡Z cv‡ib †m¸‡jv n‡”Q Shutdown, Run, Search/Find cÖ f„ wZ| Avi mve‡gby¸‡jvi ¸ ‡jvi g‡a¨ cv‡eb Programs, Documents, Settings

cÖ f„ wZ| Z‡e DB‡ÛvR G·wc‡Z wKQy Uv wfbœ Zv j¶¨ Kiv hvq|


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Computer Fundamental Using of Start Button:

÷vU© evU‡bi evU‡bi eënvit Kw¤úDUv‡i Avcwb bigvj A_ev, mvBb& ‡UwdK Dfq cÖ Kvi K¨vjKz ‡jUi eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| GRb¨ gvD‡mi mvnv‡h¨ wbgœ wjwLZ KvRwU Ki“b| Opening Calculator: Start > Programs > Accessories > Calculator

Avcwb Avcbvi wjLvi Kvh© vw` Kw¤úDUv‡i IqvW©c¨vW c ¨vW eënvi K‡i m¤úv`b Ki‡Z cv‡ib| GRb¨ Avcwb wb‡Pi KvRwU Ki“b| Opening a word processing program: Start > Programs > Accessories > WordPad

Kw¤úDUv‡i mvaviY Qwe Avu Kv Au vwKi Kv†R Avcwb †cB›U ‡cÖ vMÖ vg eënvi Ki‡Z cv‡ib| wb‡gœ †cB›U †cÖ vMÖ vg †Lvjvi c×wZ †`qv nj | Open Paint Program: Start > Programs > Accessories > Paint

How To Create A Folder?

wKfv‡e ‡dvìvi ‰Zix Kiv hvq? DB‡Ûv‡Z gvD‡mi Right Button Øviv wK¬ K Ki“b|  New mve‡gby ‡Z hvb|  Folder G wK¬ K Ki“b|  ‡h‡Kvb GKwU bvg w`b| ev‡W© i Enter G Pvc w`b|  Kx † 

How To Delete A Folder?

Kfv‡e w ‡dvìvi ‡gvQv hvq?  Folder wm‡j±

Ki“b|

 Press Delete Key [ Kx‡evW© †_‡K ]

G wK¬ K Ki“b|  Gevi †W¯‹U‡ci ¯Œxb n‡Z Recycle Bin Gi Dci gvD‡mi Right Button Øviv wK¬ K Ki“b|  †h g¨v‡mR e·wU Avm‡e Zv‡Z Yes evU‡b wK¬ K Ki“b|  Yes

How To View File Or Folder?

wKfv‡e dvBj ev †dvìvi Gi welqe¯‘ †`Lv hvq?  Folder wm‡j±

Ki“b|

gvD‡mi Right Button Øviv wK¬ K Ki“b|  Properties G hvb|  General U¨v‡e hvb|  ‡`Lv †kl n‡j OK evU‡b evU‡b wK¬ K Ki“b| 

How To Shut Down A Computer?

wKfv‡e Kw¤úDUvi eÜ Kivi hvq? U¨v¯‹ev‡ii Start †Z wK¬ K Ki“b|  Shut Down G wK¬ K Ki“b|  GLb Shut Down AckbwU Choose Ki“b| ‡Z wK¬ K Ki“b|  OK ‡Z  AT Casing Gi †¶‡Î Ò It’s now save to turn off your computer Ó ¯ŒxbwU Avm‡j Kw¤úDUv‡ii cvIqvi my B‡P Pvc w`‡q Kw¤úDUvi eÜ K‡i w`b| Gevi ‰e`y ¨wZK †gBb my BP Ad Ki“b|  ATX Casing Gi †¶‡Î Ò It’s now save to turn off your computer Ó ¯ŒxbwU G‡m Kw¤úDUvi A‡Uv‡gwUK eÜ n‡q hv‡e| cvIqvi my B‡P Pvc w`‡q Kw¤úDUvi eÜ K‡i wèvi cÖ ‡qvRb n‡e bv| Gevi mivmwi ‰e`y ¨wZK †gBb my BP Ad Ki“b| 


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Computer Fundamental How To Restart A Computer?

wKfv‡e Kw¤úDUvi cy bivq Pvjy Kivi Kivi hvq? Av‡Mig‡Zv GeviI U¨v¯‹ev‡ii Start †Z wK¬ K Ki“b|  Shut Down G wK¬ K Ki“b|  GLb Restart AckbwU Choose Ki“b| ‡Z wK¬ K Ki“b|  OK ‡Z ey wUs cÖ ‡mm Pvjy n‡q Kw¤úDUvi mPj n‡q‡Q|  ‡`Lv hv‡e cy bivq 

my wcÖ q cÖ wk¶bv_© cÖ wk¶bv_© xe„ ›`, ï‡f”Qv iBj| D³ Av‡jvPbv †_‡K †_‡K Avgiv Kw¤úDUv‡ii Gi m¤úwK©Z wewfbœ wewfbœ Z_¨ Ges Ges DB‡ÛvR wKfv‡e cwiPvjbv Kiv hvq Zv m¤ú©‡K Rvbjvg| AvkvKwi Zv Avcbviv †R‡b‡Qb Ges eënvi Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Qb| ïay Rvb‡jB Pj‡e bv| GB DB‡ÛvR eënvi m¤ú‡K© my¯úó avibv _vK‡Z n‡e| hw` †Kvb Ask eënvi Ki‡Z Amy weav nq Z‡e wk¶‡Ki mnvqZv wb‡q Gi mgvavb Ki“b| c~bivq mevB‡K A‡bK A‡bK ï‡f”Qv Rvwb‡q Kw¤úDUvi dvÛv‡g›Uvj c‡e© i mgvwß Kijvg| ï‡f”Qv‡š—, MD. KAMRUL HASSAN BAPPY (Diploma in Computer Science and Information Technology)

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Computer Fundamental (Bangla Book)

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