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‗
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3$
MKAL MKALFP FPCR CRHO HOG G YCPOC CPOC@N @NKW KW ‗
]l}cn rlr{nc}old rlr{nc}old ) Fklfpcrh Fklfpcrhogcn ogcn mow}po`{}ol mow}po`{}old d odgn{modf odgn{modf [p`cd!P{pcn odmkx ) Rlr{nc}old Mkdwo}
‗
Cfk ) Wkx glarlwo}old
‗
Wknkg}km yo}cn odmogc}lpw k$s$ Fplv}h pc}k. G@P. GMP ) Noik kxrkg}cdg pc}k
‗
Rc}}kpdw li aofpc}old
‗
Rlr{nc}old rpljkg}old
†
Dl}k: ‗
Pkfcpmkm cw cd lpfcdowa vo}h o}w lvd w}cfkw li mkyknlrakd} ‗
Ac}{pkw }hpl{fh }oak
†
GLAA[DO]_ MOCFDLWOW
†
Mldk }l glak {r vo}h c rplionk li nlgcn hkcn}h wo}{c}old ‗
W}cp}w vo}h mk}kpaododf }hk hkcn}h w}c}{w li }hk glaa{do}
†
RPLGKWW LI GLAA[DO]_ MOCFDLWOW
†
Gldwow}w li5 ‗
Glnnkg}odf. lpfcdozodf ) wd}hkwozodf mc}c
Rlr{nc}old fpl{rw }hc} dkkm wrkgocn c}}kd}oldw: †
Odmofkdl{w rklrnk
†
Od}kpdcn pki{fkkw
†
Wlgocn Wlgocnn n mownl mownlgc} gc}km km fpl{rw fpl{rw cw c pkw{n} pkw{n} li mowcw}kpw. gcncao}okw ) mkyknlrakd} rplfpcaw
‗
Wlgol!kgldlaog ) G{n}{pcn ycpoc`nkw
‗
Wlgocn odmogc}lpw
Vonn wkpyk cw c `cwow li hkcn}h rplfpcaw cdm wkpyogkw }l `k mknoykpkm }l }hk glaa{do}
†
Pkwrldmw }l c rcp}og{ncp dkkm
†
Akcdw
GLAA[DO]_
Coaw }l l`}cod fkdkpcn odilpac}old c`l{} }hk glaa{do}
Rpl`nka Lpokd}km glaa{do} mocfdlwow ‗
Flcn
†
†
†
D[PWODF ‗
Vonn `kglak `kglak }hk `cwkw ilp mkyknlrodf mkyknlrodf cdm oarnk oarnkak akd}o d}odf df glaa{d glaa{do} o} hkcn}h hkcn}h d{pwod d{pwodf f od}kpykd}oldw cdm w}pc}kfokw
†
Cwwkwwodf Glaa{do} Hkcn}h Dkkmw †
Wkke Wkke kxrncd kxrncdc}o c}oldw ldw ilp }hk lgg{pp lgg{ppkdg kdgk k li hkcn}h dkkmw cdm rpl`nkaw li }hk glaa{do}
Ilpa{nc}old li Glaa{do} Hkcn}h D{pwodf Mocfdlwkw †
Gld}cod cnn dkgkwwcp cp}ognkw
Od lpmkp }l omkd}oi }hk moiikpkd} icg}lpw }hc} ac mopkg}n lp odmopkg}n odin{kdgk }hk hkcn}h li }hk rlr{nc}old
‗
†
Glaa{dogc}old Glaa{dogc}old dk}vlpe
†
]pcdwrlp}c}old ww}ka
†
Km{gc}oldcn nkykn
†
Hl{wodf gldmo}oldw
Kgldlaog odmogc}lpw †
Rlykp} nkykn odglak
†
Karnlakd} pc}k
†
]rkw li odm{w}p rpkwkd} od }hk glaa{do}
;
† ‗
Lgg{rc}old glaald od }hk glaa{do}
Hkcn}h Pknc}km Rpl`nkaw
Kdyopldakd}cn odmogc}lpw †
Rhwogcn,fklfpcrhogcn,}lrlfpcrhogcn ghcpcg}kpow}ogw
†
Vc}kp w{rrn
†
Vcw}k mowrlwcn
†
Cop. Vc}kp cdm Ncdm rlnn{}old
Kxow}kdgk li wlgocn. kgldlaog. kdyopldakd}cn cdm rlno}ogcn icg}lpw }hc} cffpcyc}k }hk onndkww!odm{godf wo}{c}oldw od }hk glaa{do} †
Rpolpo}!wk}}odf
†
Dc}{pk li }hk gldmo}old,rpl`nka rpkwkd}km ‗
‗
G{n}{pcn icg}lpw †
†
Ycpoc`nk Ycpoc`nkw w }hc} ac `pkce {r rklrnk od}l fpl{rw vo}hod }hk glaa{do} k$s$ ‗
K}hdogo}
‗
Wlgocn gncww
‗
Ncdf{cfk
‗
Pknofold
‗
Pcgk
‗
Rlno}ogcn lpokd}c}old
Acfdo}{mk li }hk rpl`nka ‗
†
†
G{n}{pcn G{n}{pcn `knokiw `knokiw cdm rpcg}ogkw }hc} ciikg} ciikg} hkcn}h
†
Gldgkr}w c`l{} Hkcn}h cdm Onndkww
Rpl`c`ono} li gld}plnnodf lp pkm{godf }hk kiikg}w rlwkm ` }hk rpl`nka
Wlgocn gldgkpd ‗
†
7$
Rpl`c`ono Rpl`c`ono} } li pkm{godf. pkm{godf. gld}plnnod gld}plnnodf f lp kpcmogc}od kpcmogc}odf f }hk rpl`nka
Rpkykd}oyk rl}kd}ocn ‗
†
Wkykpo} li }hk rpl`nka vhogh gcd `k akcw{pkm od }kpaw li }hk rplrlp}old li }hk rlr{nc}old ciikg}km ` }hk rpl`nka
Almoioc`ono} li }hk rpl`nka ‗
†
Gncwwoiokm Gncwwoiokm cw hkcn}h hkcn}h w}c}{w. w}c}{w. hkcn}h hkcn}h pkwl{pgkw pkwl{pgkw lp hkcn}h hkcn}h pknc}km rpl`nkaw
Rkpgkr}old li }hk rlr{nc}old lp }hk glaa{do} cw }hk cpk ciikg}km ` }hk rpl`nka cdm }hkop pkcmodkww }l cg} ld }hk rpl`nka
Crrnogc}old li R{`nog Hkcn}h ]llnw
Hkcn Hkcn}h }h ) onnd onndkw kww w rc} rc}}k }kpd pdw w ‗
Nkcmodf gc{wk li alp}cno}
‗
Nkcmodf gc{wk li alp`omo}
‗
Nkcmodf gc{wk li odicd} alp}cno}
‗
Nkcmodf gc{wk li ac}kpdcn alp}cno}
Glaa{do} Hkcn}h D{pwodf † ‗
]hpkk oarlp}cd} }llnw
Nkcmodf gc{wk li hlwro}cn cmaowwold ]hk hkcn}h mowgornodkw li
=$
;$
Hk cn cn }h }h p kw kwl {p {p gk gkw ‗
Acdrlvkp pkwl{pgkw
‗
Ac}kpocn pkwl{pgkw
†
Mkalfpcrh
†
Yo}cn w}c}ow}ogw
†
Kromkaolnlf
†
MKALFPCRH_
†
Wgokdgk vhogh mkcnw vo}h }hk w}{m li }hk h{acd rlr{nc}old‟w
Rlno Rlno}o }ogc gcn, n,Nk Nkcm cmkp kpwh whor or rc} rc}}k }kpd pdw w ‗
‗
Pkinkg}w }hk cg}old rl}kd}ocn li }hk w}c}k cdm o}w rklrnk }l cmmpkww }hk hkcn}h dkkmw cdm rpl`nkaw li }hk glaa{do} Aopplpw }hk wkdwo}oyo} li }hk flykpdakd} }l }hk rklrnk‟w w}p{ffnk ilp `k}}kp noykw
†
Omkd}oiodf Glaa{do} Hkcn}h D{pwodf Rpl`nkaw
Hkcn}h W}c}{w Rpl`nkaw †
Odgpkc Odgpkcwkm wkm,mk ,mkgpk gpkcwk cwkm m alp`o alp`omo mo} }.. pkm{gkm gcrc`ono} ilp vknndkww
alp}c alp}cno} no}
ikp}on ikp}ono} o}
‗
Wozk
‗
Glarlwo}old
‗
Mow}po`{}old od wrcgk
WL[PGKW LI MKALFPCRHOG MC]C
lp
Hkcn}h Pkwl{pgkw Rpl`nkaw Ncge li lp c`wkdgk c`wkdgk li acdrlvkp acdrlvkp.. aldk. ac}kpocnw ac}kpocnw lp odw}o}{}oldw dkgkwwcp }l wlnyk hkcn}h rpl`nkaw
Gcd `k l`}codkm ipla c ycpok} li wl{pgkw †
Gkdw{wkw
†
Wcarnk w{pykw
9
†
Pkfow}pc}old ww}kaw
†
]vl vcw li cwwofdodf rklrnk vhkd }hk gkdw{w ow `kodf }cekd
†
Mk j{pk †
C`w$ Odgpkcwk,kcp 1 R} ‗ Rl }
†
vhkpk:
Mldk vhkd rklrnk cpk cwwofdkm }l }hk rncgk vhkpk }hk {w{cnn noyk pkfcpmnkww li vhkpk }hk cpk c} }hk }oak li }hk gkdw{w
‗
R} 1 rlr$ Wozk c} c nc}kp }oak
‗
Rl 1 rlr$ Wozk c} cd kcpnokp }oak
‗
} 1 dl$ li kcpw `k}vkkd 2 cdm }oak }$
Mk icg}l †
Rklrnk cpk cwwofdkm }l }hk rncgk vhkpk }hk cpk rh wogcnn rpkwkd} c} }hk }oak li }hk gkdw{w pkfcpmnkww li }hkop {w{cn rncgk lp pkwomkdgk
†
Ak}hlm 0
†
RLR[NC]OLD WOZK
†
Pkikpw }l }hk d{a`kp li rklrnk od c foykd rncgk lp cpkc c} c foykd }oak
†
Cg}{cn Cg}{cn moiikpkdgk moiikpkdgk `k}vkkd }hk }vl gkdw{w gl{d}w gl{d}w kxrpkwwkm kxrpkwwkm od rkpgkd} pknc}oyk }l }hk rlr{nc}old wozk acmk m{podf cd kcpnokp gkdw{w
†
Cnnlvw Cnnlvw }hk d{pwk }l acek glarcpowldw glarcpowldw c`l{} rlr{nc}ol rlr{nc}old d ghcdfkw ghcdfkw lykp }oak
†
Pknc}oyk odgpkcwk 1 R} ‗ Rl
†
Hknrw pc}oldcnozk }hk }rkw li hkcn}h rplfpcaw lp od}kpykd}oldw vhogh cpk flodf }l `k rplyomkm ilp }hk glaa{do}
PKNC]OYK ODGPKCWK
Rl
†
†
Kw}oac}km Rkpgkd}cfk Mow}po`{}old. Rhonorrodkw. 022;
Rlr{nc}old @ Cfk
]V L AK]HLMW MK]KPAODODF RLR[NC]OLD WOZK
cdm
†
Vhkpk: ‗
R} 1 rlr{nc}old wozk c} c nc}kp }oak
‗
Rl 1 rlr{nc}old wozk c} cd kcpnokp }oak
Wkx
OD
†
RLR[NC]OLD GLARLWO]OLD
Rkp}cododf }l rlr{nc}old wozk‟w ycpoc`nkw w{gh cw: Ak}hlm 3 †
Mk}kpaododf }hk odgpkcwk od }hk rlr{nc}old pkw{n}odf ipla kxgkww li `op}hw glarcpkm }l mkc}hw
Ak}hlm 0 †
†
Mk}kpaodk }hk odgpkcwk od }hk rlr{nc}old {wodf mc}c l`}codkm m{podf }vl gkdw{w rkpolmw$ ]how oarnokw }hc} }hk odgpkcwk od }hk wozk li }hk rlr{nc}old ow dl} akpkn c}}po`{}km }l kxgkww od `op}hw `{} cnwl }hk kiikg} li aofpc}old Ak}hlm 3
†
Cfk
†
Wkx
†
Lgg{rc}old
†
Km{gc}oldcn nkykn
†
Glaaldn mkwgpo`km od }kpaw li o}w cfk cdm wkx
†
D{pwk {}onozkw mc}c ld cfk cdm wkx glarlwo}old }l mkgomk vhl caldf }hk rlr{nc}old fpl{rw akpo}w c}}kd}old od }kpaw li hkcn}h wkpyogkw cdm rplfpcaw
†
WKX GLARLWO]OLD
†
]l mkwgpo mkwgpo`k `k }hk wkx glarlw glarlwo}o o}old ld li }hk rlr{nc rlr{nc}ol }old. d. }hk d{pwk d{pwk glar{}kw ilp }hk
DC][PCN ODGPKCWK †
Moiikpkdgk `k}vkkd }hk d{a`kp li `op}hw cdm }hk d{a`kp li mkc}hw lgg{ppodf od c rlr{nc}old od c wrkgoiokm rkpolm li }oak
Dc}$ odgpkcwk 1 dl$ `op}hw ‗ dl$ li mkc}hw
„wkx pc}ol‑
Wrkgoiokm kcp †
Ak}hlm 3
PC]K LI DC][PCN ODGPKCWK †
Moiikpkdgk `k}vkkd }hk G@P cdm }hk GMP lgg{ppodf od c rlr{nc}old od c wrkgoiokm rkpolm li }oak
†
Wkx pc}ol 1
†
Ak}hlm 0
C@WLN[]K ODGPKCWK RKP _KCP †
Akcw{pkw }hk d{a`kp li rklrnk }hc} cpk cmmkm }l }hk rlr{nc}old rkp kcp$
D{a`kp li acnkw D{a`kp li ikacnkw
†
Pc}k li Dc}$ odgpkcwk 1 G@P ‗ GMP Wrkgoiokm kcp
Wkx pc}ol glarcpkw }hk dl$ li ikacnkw od }hk rlr{nc}old
]hk wkx pc}ol pkrpkwkd}w }hk d{a`kp li acnkw ilp kykp 322 ikacnkw od }hk rlr{nc}old
†
CFK GLARLWO]OLD
†
]vl vcw }l mkwgpo`k }hk cfk glarlwo}old li }hk rlr{nc}old
AKMOCD CFK †
Moyomkw }hk rlr{nc}old od}l }vl ks{cn rcp}w$
MKRKDMKDG_ PC]OL
6
†
Glar Glarcp cpkw kw }hk }hk d{a` d{a`kp kp li kgld kgldla laog ogcn cnn n mkrk mkrkdm dmkd kd}} kgldlaogcnn rplm{g}oyk fpl{r od }hk rlr{nc}old$
†
Kgldlaogcnn mkrkdmkd}
†
‗
2 ‗ 3=
‗
9; cdm c`lyk
vo}h vo}h }hk }hk
†
ALP@OMO]_ (0220/
†
ALP]CNO]_
†
]kd Nkcmodf Gc{wkw li Alp}cno} ` Wkx D{a`kp. Pc}k,322.222 Rlr{nc}old ) Rkpgkd}cfk Rhonorrodkw. 0220
†
ALP]CNO]_
Kgldlaogcnn rplm{g}oyk ‗
Vo}hod 3; ‗ 9= cfk fpl{r KROMKAOLNLF_
†
RLR[NC]OLD MOW]PO@[]OLD
†
]hk akcw{pkw hknr }hk d{pwk mkgomk hlv akcfkp pkwl{pgkw gcd `k j{w}oioc`n cnnlgc}km `cwkm ld gldgkd}pc}old li rlr{nc}old od c gkp}cod rncgk
†
W}{m li }hk lgg{ppkdgk cdm mow}po`{}old li hkcn}h gldmo}oldw w{gh cw mowkcwk. mkilpao}okw lp mowc`ono}okw ld h{acd rlr{nc}oldw
†
]vl acod cpkcw li gldgkpd
3$
[p`c [p`cd! d!P{ P{pc pcnn mow} mow}po po`{ `{}o }old ld
‗
W}{m li lgg{ppkdgkw cdm mow}po`{}old li mowkcwkw
0$
Gplvmodf O dm dmkx
‗
Wkcpgh ilp }hk mk}kpaodcd}w (gc{wkw/ li }hk mowkcwk cdm o}w l`wkpykm mow}po`{}oldw
7$
Rlr {n {n c} c} ol old Mk Mkd wo wo } }
†
YO]CN W]C]OW]OGW
†
YO]CN W]C]OW]OGW
†
Pkikpw Pkikpw }l }hk ww}kac} ww}kac}og og w}{m w}{m li yo}cn yo}cn kykd}w kykd}w w{gh cw `op}hw `op}hw.. onndkwwkw. acppocfkw. moylpgkw,wkrcpc}oldw cdm mkc}hw
†
@cge`ldk li }hk rpkykd}old li mowkcwkw
†
KROMKAOLNLF_
Kromkaolnlf
†
]lln od kw}oac}odf kw}oac}odf }hk kx}kd} kx}kd} lp acfdo}{mk acfdo}{mk li hkcn}h hkcn}h dkkmw dkkmw cdm rpl`nkaw od }hk glaa{do}
†
Glaald hkcn}h odmogc}lpw
†
Ikp}ono} pc}kw
†
‗
Gp{mk `op}h pc}k (G@P/
‗
Fkdkpcn ikp}ono} pc}k (FIP/
pkw}w ld }vl oarlp}cd} gldgkr}w5 †
A{n}ornk Gc{wc}old ]hklp
†
Nkyknw li Rpkykd}old li Hkcn}h Rpl`nkaw
†
A{n}ornk Gc{wc}old ]hklp
†
Mowkcwk mkyknlrakd} mlkw dl} pkw} ld c wodfnk gc{wk
†
Hkcn}h gldmo}oldw pkw{n} ipla c a{n}o}{mk li icg}lpw
†
Almkn }hc} kxrncod }hk AG]
Alp}cno} pc}kw ‗
†
‗
Gp{mk mkc}h pc}k (GMP/
‗
Wrkgoiog alp}cno} pc}k (WAP/
‗
Gc{wk li mkc}h pc}k
‗
Odicd} alp}cno} pc}k (OAP/
‗
Ac}kpdcn alp}cno} pc}k (AAP/
‗
Rplrlp}oldc}k alp}cno} pc}k (RAP/
‗
Wvcpllrw odmkx
‗
Gcwk ic}cno} pc}k (GIP/
Alp`omo} pc}k ‗ ‗
Kglnlfog ]pocm,Kromkaolnlfog }pocdfnk
†
CFKD]
†
Cd knkakd}. knkakd}. w{`w}cdgk w{`w}cdgk lp ilpgk. ko}hkp cdoac}k lp odcdoac}k$ odcdoac}k$ ]hk rpkwkdgk lp c`wkdgk li vhogh ac wkpyk cw w}oa{n{w }l odo}oc}k lp rkprk}{c}k c mowkcwk rplgkww ‗
Mowkcwk rplgkww hcrrkdw ldn vhkd }hk cfkd} glakw od gld} gld}cg cg}} vo}h vo}h c w{wg w{wgkr kr}o }o`n `nk k hlw} hlw} cdm cdm {dmk {dmkpp rplr rplrkp kp kdyopldakd}cn gldmo}oldw
‗
Od}podwog rplrkp} li aogpllpfcdowa }l w{pyoyk cdm a{n}orn od }hk kdyopldakd} }l rplm{gk mowkcwk
†
HLW]
†
Cd lpfcdowa }hc} hcp`lpw hcp`lpw cdm rplyomkw dl{powhakd} dl{powhakd} ilp cdl}hkp cdl}hkp lpfcdowa
†
Ghcpcg}kpow}ogw li }hk hlw} vonn ciikg} how lp o}w powe li kxrlw{pk }l wl{pgkw li odikg}old cdm how lp o}w w{wgkr}o`ono} lp pkwow}cdgk
Odgomkdgk pc}k Rpkycnkdgk pc}k
†
ALP@OMO]_
†
HLW]
†
]KD NKCMODF GC[WKW LI ALP@OMO]_ Dl$ ) Pc}k,322.222 Rlr{nc}old RHONORRODKW. 0220
†
Od}podwog icg}lpw li }hk hlw} ‗
Fkdk}og
8
‗
Cfk
‗
Wkx
‗
K}hdog fpl{r
†
NKYKNW LI RPKYKD]OLD LI HKCN]H RPL@NKA
‗
Rhwolnlfog
†
Rplal}odf hkcn}h cdm Rpkykd}odf hkcn}h rpl`nkaw
‗
Oaa{dlnlfog kxrkpokdgk (oaa{dozc}old/ (oaa{dozc}old/
†
Acek {r alw} li }hk d{pwk‟w cg}oyo}okw od }hk glaa{do}
‗
Od}kp!g{ppkd} lp rpk!kxow}odf mowkcwk
†
RPKYKD]OLD
‗
H{acd `khcyolp
†
Pkikpw }l omkd}oiogc}old li rl}kd}ocn rpl`nkaw5
†
wl }hc} }hk d{pwk gcd aodoaozk lp rpl`c`n kykd kpcmogc}k rlwwo`nk mowc`ono} lp mkilpao} od c rlr{nc}old!c}!powe }l c dkfc}oyk kxrlw{pk icg}lp
†
RPOACP_ RPKYKD]OLD
†
Mopkg}km }l }hk hkcn}h rlr{nc}old
†
PKWOW]CDGK
†
Wrkgoiog ‗
†
†
Pkw{n} Pkw{n}w w ipla ipla cd oaa{d oaa{dlnl lnlfog fog kxrkpo kxrkpokdg kdgk k w{gh w{gh cw5 oaa{dozc}old lp ycggodc}old
Dld!wrkgoiog ‗ ‗
‗
Pkw{n}w ipla cd od}cg} weod. a{gl{w aka`pcdk. pkinkxkw cw ncgpoac}old. gl{fhodf. mocpphkc lp ylao}odf
Rpoalpmocn rpkykd}old †
Gcd `k acod}codkm }hpl{fh rkpwldcn hfokdog rpcg}ogkw. kdyopldakd}cn wcdo}c}old. rplrkp d{}po}old cdm c hkcn}h noikw}nk
‗
GLAA[DO]_
†
Glaa{do} cw c hlw} ‗
Rpl}kg}w o}w hkcn}h ` }hk d{pwk ` odgpkcwodf o}w hkpm oaa{do}
‗
Pkalycn Pkalycn li }hk powe icg}lpw lp pkm{g}old pkm{g}old li }hkop nkyknw
†
RPOACP_ RPKYKD]OLD
†
Od Glaa{dogc`nk mowkcwk rpkykd}old ‗
Cg}o Cg}oyo yo}o }okw kw ld rpoa rpoacp cp rpky rpkykd kd}o }old ld cpk cpk }cpf }cpfk} k}km km c} od}kpykdodf `kilpk }hk cfkd} kd}kpw }hk hlw} cdm gc{wk rc}hlnlfogcn ghcdfkw
‗
O} coaw }l5
Hkpm Oaa{do} ‗
Ilg{wodf ld rpkykd}old li kakpfkdgk li powe icg}lpw
Wrkgoiog rpl}kg}old †
†
†
Ac `k od }hk ilpa ilpa li nkykn li kgldlaog kgldlaog mkyknlrak mkyknlrakd} d} li }hk glaa{do} glaa{do}.. rpkwkdgk rpkwkdgk li wlgocn mowp{r}oldw
Rpl`c` Rpl`c`ono ono} } li c fpl{r fpl{r lp glaa{d glaa{do} o} mkykn mkyknlro lrodf df cd kromkaog od}plm{g}old li cd odikg}ol{w cfkd} O} ow }hk rplrlp}old li }hk oaa{dkw cdm }hk w{wgkr}o`nk od }hk fpl{r
†
w}pkdf}hkd }hk hlw} pkwow}cdgk
†
Odcg}oyc}k }hk cfkd} (wl{pgk li odikg}old/
†
Od}k Od}kpp{ pp{r} r} }hk }hk ghco ghcod d li odik odikg} g}ol old d kdyopldakd}cn acdor{nc}old
†
Rpkykd}old li wrpkcm }l h{acd pkwkpylopw cdm l}hkp w{wgkr}o`nk h{acd hlw}w
†
KDYOPLDAKD]
†
W{a }l}cn li cnn kx}kpdcn gldmo}oldw cdm odin{kdgkw }hc} ciikg} }hk noik cdm mkyknlrakd} li cd lpfcdowa
†
Ciikg}w }hk cfkd} cdm }hk hlw}
†
KDYOPLDAKD]
†
RPOACP_ RPKYKD]OLD
†
]hpkk glarldkd}w li kdyopldakd}
†
Rpoacp rpkykd}old gcd `k mldk }hpl{fh5
‗
Rhwogcn kdyopldakd} †
‗
Glarlwkm li }hk odcdoac}k w{ppl{dmodfw k$s$ fklrhwogcn gldmo}oldw lp }hk gnoac}k
Rkpwldcn w{pykonncdgk
‗
S{cpcd}odk
‗
Wkfpkfc}old lp owlnc}old
@olnlfogcn kdyopldakd} † †
† ‗
‗
}hpl }hpl{f {fh h
Hkcn}h rplal}old cg}oyo}okw odgn{mk5
Acekw Acekw {r }hk noyodf noyodf }hodfw }hodfw cpl{dm cpl{dm {w k$s$ k$s$ rncd} cdm cdoacn noik
‗
Rplyowold li rplrkp d{}po}old
H{acd rlr{nc}old
‗
Wcik vc}kp w{rrn cdm vcw}k mowrlwcn ww}ka
‗
Ykg}lp gld}pln
‗
Rplal}old li c hkcn}h noikw}nk
Wlgol!kgldlaog kdyopldakd}
?
‗ †
†
Fllm rkpwldcn hc`o}w
†
Wrkgoiog akcw{pkw odgn{mk rplyowold li5 =$
‗
Oaa{dozc}old
‗
Rplrhncxow }l y{ndkpc`nk lp c}!powe fpl{rw
†
Kycn Kycn{c {c}o }old ld krom kromka kaol olnl nlf f †
C}}kar}w }l akcw{pk }hk kiikg}oykdkww li moiikpkd} hkcn}h wkpyogkw cdm rplfpcaw
WKGLDMCP_ RPKYKD]OLD †
†
Cdwvkp Cdwvkpw w s{kw} s{kw}old oldw w c`l{} c`l{} }hk kiikg} kiikg}oyk oykdkw dkww w li dkv ak}hlm ak}hlmw w ilp gld}pl gld}plnno nnodf df mowkcw mowkcwkw kw lp ilp oarpl oarplyod yodf f {dmkpnodf gldmo}oldw
Coaw }l omkd}oi cdm }pkc} kxow}odf hkcn}h rpl`nkaw c} }hk kcpnokw} rlwwo`nk }oak Od}kpykd}oldw gcd w}onn nkcm }l }hk gld}pln lp kpcmogc}old li }hk hkcn}h rpl`nka ‗
Wgpkkdodf
‗
Gcwk iodmodf
‗
Mowkcwk w{pykonncdgk
‗
Rplar} cdm crrplrpoc}k }pkc}akd}
†
WKGLDMCP_ RPKYKD]OLD
†
Od Glaa{dogc`nk mowkcwk gld}pln5
‗
MKWGPOR]OYK KROMKAOLNLF_
Cwrkg}w odylnykm od mkwgpor}oyk kromkaolnlf 3$
L`wkpy L`wkpyc}o c}old ld cdm pkglp pkglpmod modf f li kxow}od kxow}odf f rc}}kpdw rc}}kpdw li lgg{pp lgg{ppkdg kdgk k li }hk hkcn}h gldmo}old {dmkp w}{m
0$
Mkwgpo Mkwgpor}o r}old ld li }hk mowkcw mowkcwk,g k,gldm ldmo}o o}old ld cw }l rkpwld. rkpwld. rncgk rncgk cdm cdm }oak ghcpcg}kpow}ogw
7$
Cdcn Cdcnw wow ow li }hk fkdkp fkdkpcn cn rc}}k rc}}kpd pd li lgg{pp lgg{ppkd kdgk gk li }hk mowkc mowkcwk wk lp gldmo}old
†
CWRKG] 3
O$
L`wk L`wkpy pyc}o c}old ld cdm cdm pkglp pkglpmo modf df li kxow} kxow}od odf f rc}}kp rc}}kpdw dw li lgg{ lgg{ppk ppkdg dgk k li }hk hkcn}h gldmo}old {dmkp w}{m
}hk d{pwk dkkmw }l pkglfdozk lp omkd}oi }hk mowkcwk vo}h pkcwldc`nk gkp}cod}
Hkcn}h km{gc}old ld wofdw cdm war}law vonn kdc`nk }hk gnokd} }l omkd}oi onndkww cdm wkke kcpn gcpk lp }pkc}akd}
‗
Od lpmkp }l mkwgpo`k }hk lgg{ppkdgk li mowkcwk gldmo}old5
†
Edlvnkmfk li powe `khcyolpw }hc} gld}po`{}k }l }hk wrpkcm
Mldk ` gldm{g}odf
li }hk mowkcwk ac odin{kdgk rc}okd}w cdm }hk icaonokw }l almoi }how `khcyolp cdm. }h{w. cwwow} od }hk rpkykd}old li mowkcwk †
]KP]OCP_ RPKYKD]OLD
†
Noao}w mowc`ono} rplfpkwwold ‗
†
K$s K$s hkcp hkcpod odf f oarc oarcop opak akd} d} ipks{kd} kcp odikg}oldw
WGPKKDODF ‗
†
†
Mc gcpk gkd}kpw cdm whkn}kpkm vlpewhlrw cpk kxcarnkw li lrrlp} lrrlp}{do {do}ok }okw w }l cghoky cghokyk k }hk l`jkg} l`jkg}oyk oyk li }kp}oc }kp}ocp p rpkykd}old od akd}cn onndkww cdm mp{f c`{wk
]HK KROMKAOLNLFOGCN CRRPLCGH
†
RHCWKW
3$
Mkwg Mkwgpo por} r}oy oyk k krom kromka kaol olnl nlf f Gldgkpdkm vo}h mowkcwk mow}po`{}old cdm ipks{kdg
†
Mldk }l nlle ilp rpkyol{wn {domkd}oiokm gcwkw li mowkcwkw
Whl{nm gldwomkp }hk wkdwo}oyo} cdm wrkgoiogo} li }hk }kw}w
CWRKG] 3
†
WKDWO]OYO]_
C}}kar C}}kar}w }w }l cdcn cdcnzk zk }hk gc{wkw gc{wkw lp mk}kpa mk}kpaodc odcd}w d}w li mowkcwk }hpl{fh hrl}hkwow }kw}odf
Od}kpyk Od}kpykd}o d}old ld lp lp Kxrkp Kxrkpoa oakd} kd}cn cn kromka kromkaoln olnlf lf †
Gcwk iodmodf cg}oyo}okw
Rpkw{ar}o Rpkw{ar}oyk yk omkd}oiogc omkd}oiogc}old }old li {dpkglfdo {dpkglfdozkm zkm mowkcwkw mowkcwkw lp mkikg}w mkikg}w }hpl{fh }hpl{fh }hk crrnogc}o crrnogc}old ld li mocfdlw}og mocfdlw}og }kw}w lp nc`lpc}lp kxcaodc}oldw cdm gnodogcn cwwkwwakd}
†
Cdcn Cdcn} }og ogcn cn krom kromka kaol olnl nlf f
‗
Wgpkkdodf ) Gcwk Iodmodf ‗
†
Wgpkkdodf
GCWK IODMODF ‗
Akd}cn onndkww. GYM
†
7$
ipla ipla
Dld!glaa{dogc`nk Dld!glaa{dogc`nk mowkcwkw ‗
0$
†
Odikg}ol{w mowkcwkw ‗
†
CWRKG] 3
]hk d{pwk c}}kar}w }l pkm{gk }hk acfdo}{mk lp wkykpo} li }hk pkwom{cn kiikg}w li5 †
‗
†
‗
‗
Rplrlp}old li rkpwldw vo}h c mowkcwk vhl }kw} rlwo}oyk ld c wgpkkdodf }kw}
‗
Akcw{pkw }hk rpl`c`ono} li }hk }kw} glppkg}n omkd}oiodf c rlwo}oyk gcwk li c mowkcwk
WRKGOIOGO]_ ‗
Rplrlp Rplrlp}ol }old d li c rkpwld rkpwldw w vo}hl vo}hl{} {} c mowkcw mowkcwk k vhl hcyk dkfc}oyk pkw{n}w ld c wgpkkdodf }kw}
‗
Akcw{pkw Akcw{pkw }hk rpl`c`ono rpl`c`ono} } li glppkg}n glppkg}n omkd}oiodf omkd}oiodf dld! gcwkw
C]]CGE PC]K
32
‗
‗
OO$
[wkm }l gcng{nc}k cd omkd}oioc`nk rlr{nc}old kxrlwkm }l cd odikg}ol{w cfkd}
Ipks Ipks{k {kd} d}n n {wkm {wkm od w{py w{pyko konn nncd cdgk gk glaa{dogc`nk mowkcwkw
‗
CWRKG] 0
cdm cdm
gld} gld}pl plnn
li
7$
‗
Ci}kp }hk mowkcwk lp gldmo}old hcw `kkd omkd}oiokm vo}h pkcwldc`nk gkp}cod}5 }hk d{a`kp li rkpwldw vhl rlwwkww }hk mowkcwk cpk pkglpmkm dl}odf mlvd }hk5 Ghcpcg}kpow}ogw li }hk ciinog}km rkpwldw
†
]oak }hk mowkcwk vcw odo}ocnn pkglfdozkm
†
Ghcpcg}kpow}ogw li }hk rncgk vhkpk }hk gcwkw gcak ipla
‗
Powe li cgs{opodf c mowkcwk
‗
Ghcpcg}kpow}ogw li rkpwldw
†
Wlak Wlak ycpoc` ycpoc`nkw nkw rplyomk rplyomk gn{kw gn{kw cw }l }hk rpl`c` rpl`c`nk nk gc{wk gc{wk li }hk mowkcwk5 ‗
Cfk
‗
Wkx
‗
Acpo}cn gldmo}oldw
‗
Lgg{rc}old lp wlgol!kgldlaog w}c}{w
Od yokvodf }hk w{wgkr}o`ono} li }hk glaa{do} cw c hlw}5 ]hk ]hk d{pw d{pwk k mk}k mk}kpa paod odkw kw }hk }hk ghcp ghcpcg cg}k }kpo pow} w}og ogw w li }hk }hk glaa{do} cdm o}w rlr{nc}old od }kpaw li }hk ilnnlvodf5
†
CWRKG] 0
3$
Hkpm Oa Oaa{do}
†
Hkpm oaa{do}
†
Kxrlw{pk lp Gld}cg} Pc}k
†
Ghcdgk
Icgono} li }pcdwaowwold
Rpl`c`ono} li gld}cg} `k}vkkd }hk †
Wl{pgk li odikg}old
†
W{wgkr}o`nk hlw}
Mkrkdmw {rld }hk †
D{a`kp li wl{pgkw li odikg}old
†
D{a`kp li oaa{dkw
†
Nlgc}old li }hk wl{pgk li odikg}old
Whlp} Whlp} }oak }oak in{g} in{g}{c} {c}old oldw w glaald glaald od od kromka kromkaogw ogw ‗
Glaa Glaald ld wl{p wl{pgk gk krom kromka kaog og ‗ ghcp ghcpcg cg}k }kpo pozk zkm m ` woa{n}cdkl{w kxrlw{pk li c ncpfk d{a`kp li w{wgkr}o`nk }l c glaald odikg}ol{w cfkd}
‗
Rplrcfc}km Rplrcfc}km kromkaog kromkaog ‗ gc{wkm gc{wkm ` c rkpwld!}l!r rkpwld!}l!rkpwld kpwld }pcdwaowwold li mowkcwk cfkd}
@/
Ggnog Ggnog ycpoc}ol ycpoc}old d ‗ pkikpw pkikpw }l pkg{ppkd} pkg{ppkd} in{g}{c in{g}{c}oldw }oldw li mowkcwk mowkcwk }hc} ac ac kxho`o} ggnkw ncw}odf ilp gkp}cod rkpolmw
G/
Wkg{nc Wkg{ncpp ycpoc}ol ycpoc}old d ‗ pkikpw pkikpw }l ghcdfk ghcdfkw w od mowkcwk mowkcwk ipks{k ipks{kdg dg lykp lykp c rkpolm li acd kcpw
†
CWRKG] 7
7$
Cdcn Cdcnw wow ow li }hk fkdkp fkdkpcn cn rc}}k rc}}kpd pd li lgg{pp lgg{ppkd kdgk gk li }hk mowkc mowkcwk wk lp gldmo}old ‗
‗
@cwow ilp mk}kpaododf }hk glaa{do}‟w glaa{do}‟w pkcg}old cfcodw} mowkcwk mowkcwk odycwold odycwold wodgk o} pkrpkwkd}w pkrpkwkd}w }hk oaa{do} oaa{do} cdm w{wgkr w{wgkr}o` }o`ono ono} } nkyknw nkyknw li odmoy odmoyom{ om{cnw cnw glarpo glarpowod wodf f }hk rlr{nc}old
0$
‗
C/
CWRKG] 0
‗
†
Mowkcwk lgg{ppkdgk gcd `k mkwgpo`km ` } hk ilnnlvodf:
D{pwk gcd mkpoyk cwwlgoc}oldw `k}vkkd
†
‗
Ipks{kdg li gld}cg}
]l c gkp}cod kx}kd}5 †
‗
†
GHCDGK ‗
Mkwg Mkwgpo por} r}ol old d li }hk mowkc mowkcwk wk,g ,gld ldmo mo}o }old ld cw }l rkpwl rkpwld. d. rncg rncgk k cdm }oak }oak ghcpcg}kpow}ogw
†
Pkrpkwkd}w lrrlp}{do}okw ilp rplfpkwwoyk lrrlp}{do}okw ilp rplfpkwwoyk }pcdwikp lp }pcdwaowwold li cd odikg}ol{w cfkd} }l c w{wgkr}o`nk hlw} cdm mkrkdmw ld }hk5
Pkrpkw Pkrpkwkd} kd}w w }hk odgomk odgomkdgk dgk li }hk onndk onndkww ww caldf caldf }hk kxrlwkm rlr{nc}old
‗
‗
†
‗
]hk ]hk oaa{ oaa{do do} } nkyk nkyknn w{wgkr}o`ono} nkykn
ow
odyk odykpw pwkn kn
rplr rplrlp} lp}ol oldc dcnn
}l
‗
Kw}c`nowhodf }hk †
Mowkcwk ipks{kdg
†
Mowkcwk mow}po`{}old od c rlr{nc}old
Mkiododf }hk ghcpcg}kpow}ogw li }hk mowkcwk lp gldmo}old od pknc}old }l †
]oak
†
Rncgk
†
Rkpwld
Glppknc}odf }hk mc}c cdm ilpa{nc}k c gc{wcn cwwlgoc}old `k}vkkd }hk †
Mowkcwk {dmkp w}{m
†
Rpl`c`nk icg}lpw w{ppl{dmodf o}
KXRL KXRLW[ W[PK PK lp GLD] GLD]CG CG] ] PC PC]K MOWKCWK MOW]PO@[]OLD MOW]PO@[]OLD
33
†
Ycpoc`nkw Ycpoc`nkw ciikg}odf mowkcwk mow}po`{}old ‗
0$
c$
Cd lpfc lpfcdo dowa wa }hc} }hc} hcp`lpw hcp`lpw cdm cdm rplyom rplyomkw kw dl{po dl{powha whakd} kd} ilp ilp cdl}hkp lpfcdowa
Hlw}
Rkpolm m{podf vhogh }hk gcwkw li }hk mowkcwk `kodf w}{mokm vkpk kxrlwkm }l }hk wl{pgk li odikg} odikg}old old cdm }hk rkpolm rkpolm m{podf m{podf vhogh vhogh }hk onndkww lgg{ppkm 7$
Kdyopldakd}
Rkpwldw †
‗
Od}p Od}pod odw wog rplr rplrkp kp} } li aogp aogpll llpf pfcd cdow owa a }l w{py w{pyoy oykw kw cdm cdm a{n}orn od }hk kdyopldakd} }l rplm{gk mowkcwk
]oak †
‗
c$
c$
W{a W{a }l}c }l}cnn li cnn cnn kx}k kx}kpd pdcn cn gldmo gldmo}o }old ldw w cdm cdm odin odin{k {kdg dgkw kw }hc} }hc} ciik ciikg}w g}w }hk }hk mkyk mkyknl nlra rakd kd}} li cd lpfc lpfcdo dowa wa.. gcd gcd `k `olnlfogcn. wlgocn cdm rhwogcn
`$
Ciik Ciikg} g}w w `l}h `l}h }hk }hk cfk cfkd} d} cdm cdm }hk }hk hlw} hlw}
g$
]hpk ]hpkk k glar glarld ldkd kd}w }w li li kdyo kdyopl plda dakd kd}}
Ghcpcg}kpo Ghcpcg}kpow}ogw w}ogw li }hk odmoyom{ odmoyom{cn cn vhl vkpk kxrlwkm cdm vhl gld}cg}km }hk odikg}old lp }hk mowkcwk
Rncgk †
Ikc}{pkw. icg}lp lp gldmo}oldw vhogh kxow}km od lp mkwgpo`km mkwgpo`km }hk kdyopldakd} kdyopldakd} od vhogh vhogh }hk mowkcwk lgg{ppkm
o$
Rhwogcn
oo$
@ol nl nlf og og cn cn
ooo$ ooo$
Wlgol! Wlgol!kgl kgldla dlaog og kdyo kdyopld pldakd akd}}
Rc}}kpdw li lgg{ppkdgk cdm mow}po`{}old †
Wrlpcmog Od}podwog icg}lpw li }hk hlw} ‗
†
Fkdk}og
0$
Cfk
7$
Wkx
=$
K}hdog fpl{r
;$
Rhwolnlfog
9$
Oaa{dl Oaa{dlnlf nlfog og kxrkpo kxrkpokdg kdgk k (oa (oaa{d a{dozc ozc}ol }old/ d/
6$
Od}kp!g Od}kp!g{pp {ppkd} kd} lp rpk!kx rpk!kxow} ow}odf odf mowkc mowkcwk wk
8$
H{acd `khcyolp
Gld}od{l{w lgg{ppkdgk }hpl{fhl{} c rkpolm li }oak †
Acncpoc ‗ Rcncvcd
†
Wghow}lwlaocwow ‗ Nk}k cdm Wcacp
†
Ioncpocwow ‗ Wlpwlfld
†
]{`kpg{nlwow ‗ cnn wrkgoiog cpkcw li }hk gl{d}p
Kromkaog lgg{ppkdgk ‗
†
3$ Kdmkaog lgg{ppkdgk ‗
†
Od}kpao}}kd} lgg{ppkdgk (pc`okw/
[d{w{cnn [d{w{cnn ncpfk d{a`kp li gcwkw od c pknc}oykn pknc}oykn whlp} rkpolm li }oak
Rcdmkaog lgg{ppkdgk ‗
Woa{n} Woa{n}cdk cdkl{w l{w lgg{pp lgg{ppkdg kdgk k li kromka kromkaog og li }hk wcak wcak mowkcwk od wkykpcn gl{d}pokw
Kx}podwog icg}lpw li }hk kdyopldakd} 3$
Rhw Rhwog ogcn cn kdyo kdyopl pld dakd} akd}
0$
@oln @olnlf lfog og kdyo kdyopl plda dakd kd}} c$
H {a {ac d rl r{ r{n c} c} ol ol d
`$
Inlpc
KROMKAOLNLF_ 7$
Wlgol! kg kgldlaog c$
Lgg{rc}old
`$
[p`cdozc}old
g$
Mowp{r}old
]vl acod cpkcw li gldgkpd ! W}{m li lgg{ppkdgkw cdm mow}po`{}old li mowkcwkw ! Wkcpgh Wkcpgh ilp }hk mk}kpaodc mk}kpaodcd}w d}w (gc{wk (gc{wkw/ w/ li }hk mowkcwk mowkcwk cdm o}w l`wkpy l`wkpykm km mow}po`{}oldw
@cge`ldk li }hk rpkykd}old li mowkcwkw
MOWKCWK MOW]PO@[]OLD MOW]PO@[]OLD Ycpoc`nkw Ycpoc`nkw ciikg}odf mowkcwk mow}po`{}old
Kromkaolnlfog Kromkaolnlfog }pocdfnk 3$
3$
]oak
Cfkd}
30
c$
0$
`$ 0$
Rkpwldw c$
7$
Rkpo Rkpolm lm m{pod m{podf f vhog vhogh h }hk }hk gcwk gcwkw w li }hk mowkc mowkcwk wk `kodf `kodf w}{mokm vkpk kxrlwkm }l }hk wl{pgk li odikg}old cdm }hk rkpolm m{podf vhogh }hk onndkww lgg{ppkm
Ghcpcg Ghcpcg}kpo }kpow}o w}ogw gw li }hk }hk odmoyo odmoyom{c m{cnn vhl vkpk vkpk kxrlw kxrlwkm km cdm cdm vhl gld}cg}km }hk odikg}old lp }hk mowkcwk
Ikc} Ikc}{p {pkw kw.. icg} icg}lp lp lp gldmo gldmo}o }old ldw w vhog vhogh h kxow kxow}k }km m od lp mkwgpo`km }hk kdyopldakd} od vhogh }hk mowkcwk lgg{ppkm
Rc}}kpdw li lgg{ppkdgk cdm mow}po`{}old Wrlpcmog c$ 0$
Od}kp Od}kpao ao}}k }}kd} d} lgg lgg{p {ppk pkdg dgk k (pc`o (pc`okw kw//
7$
Kd mk mkaog l gg gg {p {p pk pkd gk gk c$
7$
c$
Gp{m Gp{mk k mkc mkc}h }h pc}k pc}k (GMP (GMP//
`$
Wrkg Wrkgoi oiog og alp}c alp}cno no} } pc}k pc}k (WAP (WAP//
g$
G c{ c{ wk wk l i mk c} c} h p c} c} k
m$
Odic Odicd} d} alp} alp}cn cno} o} pc}k pc}k (OAP (OAP//
k$
Ac}k Ac}kpd pdcn cn alp}c alp}cno no} } pc}k pc}k (AAP/ (AAP/
i$
Rplr Rplrlp lp}o }old ldc} c}k k alp alp}c }cno no} } pc}k pc}k (RAP (RAP//
f$
W vc vcpllrw odmkx
h$
Gcwk Gcwk ic}c ic}cno no} } pc}k pc}k (GIP (GIP//
Gld}od Gld}od{l{ {l{w w lgg{pp lgg{ppkdg kdgk k }hpl{f }hpl{fhl{ hl{}} c rkpol rkpolm m li }oak }oak o$
Acnc Acncpo poc c ‗ Rcnc Rcncvc vcd d
oo$
Wghow} Wghow}lwl lwlao aocwo cwow w ‗ Nk}k Nk}k cdm Wca Wcacp cp
ooo$ ooo$
Ionc Ioncpo pocw cwow ow ‗ Wlp Wlpwl wlfl fld d
oy$ oy$
]{`kpg{n ]{`kpg{nlwow lwow ‗ cnn wrkgoiog wrkgoiog cpkcw cpkcw li }hk gl{d}p gl{d}p
Alp`omo} pc}k c$
O dg dgomkdgk p c} c} k
`$
Rpkycnkdgk pc pc}k
GLAA[DO]_ LPFCDOZODF
Karlvkpakd} lp `{onmodf }hk gcrc`ono} li rklrnk ilp i{}{pk glaa{do} cg}old
Krom Kromka kaog og lgg{ lgg{pp ppkd kdgk gk c$
[d{w [d{w{c {cnn nn ncpfk ncpfk d{a` d{a`kp kp li gcwkw gcwkw od c pknc pknc}o }oyk ykn n whlp whlp}} rkpolm li }oak
Ioyk w}cfkw 3$
=$
Alp} cn cno} pc}kw
Rncgk c$
3$
Fkdk Fkdkpc pcnn ikp ikp}o }ono no} } pc}k pc}k (FIP (FIP//
Gl aa aa{ do do } } c dc dcn w w ow ow
Rcdm Rcdmka kaog og lgg{ lgg{pp ppkd kdgk gk c$
c$
Ac`k Ac`k pkikpp pkikppkm km }l cw cw glaa{ glaa{do} do} mocf mocfdlw dlwow. ow. gla glaa{d a{do} o} dkkmw cwwkwwakd}. hkcn}h km{gc}old rncddodf cdm acrrodf
`$
W}kr W}krw w od od gla glaa{ a{do do} } cdcn cdcnw wow ow
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o$
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Mkio Mkiodo dodf df }hk }hk gla glaa{ a{do do} } 3$
Mk}k Mk}kpa paod odod odf f }hk }hk fklf fklfpc pcrh rhog og `l{dmcpokw li }hk }cpfk} glaa{do}
oo$ oo$
Glnn Glnnkg kg}o }odf df mc} mc}c c
ooo$ ooo$
Cwwkww Cwwkwwodf odf glaa{ glaa{do} do} gcrcgo gcrcgo} }
Wl{pgkw li mc}c
3$
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3$
Rl r{ r{nc }o}o ld ld gk gk dw dw{ w
0$
Pkfo Pkfow} w}pc pc}o }old ld li li yo}c yo}cnn mc}c mc}c
oy$ oy$
Cwwkww Cwwkwwodf odf gla glaa{d a{do} o} `cpp `cppokp okpw w
7$
Hkcn}h w{ w{pyk
y$
Cwwkww Cwwkwwodf odf pkcmo pkcmodkw dkww w }l ghcdfk ghcdfk
=$
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Glaald Glaald hkcn}h odmogc}lpw 3$
3$
Gl aa aa{ do do } } od od} kp kp kw kw }
0$
Rkpg Rkpgkr kr}o }old ld ld }hk }hk oar oarlp lp}c }cdg dgk k li li }hk rpl`nka
Ikp}ono} pc}kw yo$ c$
Wd}hk Wd}hkwow wow mc}c mc}c cdm cdm wk} rpol rpolpo} po}okw okw
Gp{m Gp{mk k `op} `op}h h pc} pc}k k (G@ (G@P/
37
3$
0$
@cwo @cwow w ilp ilp mkwo mkwofd fdod odf f rplw rplwrk rkg} g}oy oyk k glaa{do} od}kpykd}oldw ilp hkcn}h rplal}old
D{pwodf rplgkww ow c ww}kac}og. wgokd}oiog. mdcaog. ld!flodf od}kprkpwldcn rplgkww od vhogh }hk d{pwkw cdm }hk gnokd}w cpk yokvkm cw c ww}ka vo}h kcgh ciikg}odf }hk l}hkp cdm `l}h `kodf ciikg}km ` }hk icg}lpw vo}hod }hk `khcyolp
Mkwo Mkwofd fd cdm cdm odo} odo}oc oc}o }old ld c$
Kw}c`n Kw}c`nowh owhodf odf c glpk glpk rncd rncddod dodf f fpl{r fpl{r cdm cdm wknkg} wknkg} c nlgc nlgcnn lpfcdozkp
`$
Ghll Ghllwo wodf df lpfc lpfcdo dozc zc}o }old ldcn cn w}p{ w}p{g} g}{p {pk k
g$
Pkgp Pkgp{o {o}} lpfc lpfcdo dozc zc}o }old ldcn cn aka aka`k `kpw pw
m$
Mkio Mkiodo dodf df aoww aowwol old d cdm cdm flc flcnw nw
k$
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3$
Cwwkwwakd} c$
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7$
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=$
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;$
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ooo$ ooo$
3$
g$
Rplg Rplgkw kww w li li cww cwwkw kwwa wakd kd}} odgn odgn{m {mkw kw o$
Od}k Od}kdw dwoy oyk k icg} icg} iodm iodmod odf f
oo$
Crrnogc}o Crrnogc}old ld li rplikwwol rplikwwoldcn dcn j{mfakd} j{mfakd} od kw}oac}odf }hk akcdodf cdm oarlp}cdgk li icg}w }l }hk icaon cdm glaa{do}
ooo$
Cyconc`o Cyconc`ono} no} li d{pwodf d{pwodf pkwl{pgkw pkwl{pgkw }hc} gcd `k `k rplyomkm
oy$ oy$
Mkfpkk Mkfpkk li ghcdfk ghcdfk vhogh vhogh d{pwod d{pwodf f od}kpykd od}kpykd}old }old gcd `k kxrkg}km }l kiikg}
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OOO$
W}pk W}pkww wwi{ i{nn lgg lgg{p {ppk pkdg dgkw kw w{gh w{gh cw mkc}h lp onndkwwkw li c icaon aka`kp
Gnodog yowo} c$
OO$
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Ilpk Ilpkwk wkkc kc`n `nk k gpow gpowow ow
D[PWODF RPLGKM[PKW
O$
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`$
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@cf }kghdos{k 0$ c$
`$
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c$
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g$
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Fl cn cn wk} }o}o df df 3$
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oo$ oo$
Gnkc Gnkcdk dkm m ykp ykp li}k li}kd d
ooo$ ooo$
Vknn Vknn rpl} rpl}kg kg}k }km m
Gldw}p{ Gldw}p{g}o g}odf df rncd rncd li li cg}o cg}old ld 3$
ooo$ ooo$ oy$ oy$
Mkyknl Mkyknlrod rodf f cd lrkp lrkpc}o c}oldc ldcnn rncd rncd
Cppcdf Cppcdfkak kakd}! d}!al alw} w} gldy gldykdo kdokd} kd}
GLAA[DO]_ HKCN]H D[PWODF RPLGKWW
7$ Gkd}pcn }l cnn d{pwodf i{dg}oldw
Gldg Gldgkp kpdk dkm m vo} vo}h h ghl ghllw lwod odf f ipl ipla a caldf }hk rlwwo`nk gl{pwkw li cg}old
3$
Kw}c Kw}c`n `now owho hodf df rpol rpolpo po}o }okw kw.. rhcwk rhcwk cdm cdm gllpmodc}k cg}oyo}okw
0$
Rncd Rncdw w li li gcp gcpk k cpk cpk rpo rpolp lpo} o}oz ozkm km od od lpmkp li {pfkdg
Oarn Oarnka kakd kd}c }c}o }old ld li rncd rncddk dkm m gcpk gcpk c$
Odylny Odylnykw kw ycpol{ ycpol{w w d{pwodf d{pwodf od}k od}kpyk pykd}o d}oldw ldw vhog vhogh h hcyk hcyk `kkd mk}kpaodkm ` }hk flcnw,l`jkg}oykw }hc} hcyk `kkd rpkyol{wn wk}
3=
`$
=$
Odylny Odylnykw kw }hk }hk rc}okd rc}okd}} cdm how,h how,hkp kp icao icaon n od }hk gcpk gcpk rplyomkm od lpmkp }l al}oyc}k }hka }l cww{ak pkwrldwo`ono} ilp gcpk
3$
Rpoyc}k wkg}lp
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c$
Ncpf Ncpfkn kn acp acpek ek}} lpo lpokd kd}k }km m
`$
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g$
Odgn{m Odgn{mkw kw rplio rplio}} cdm cdm dld!rp dld!rplio lio}} hkcn}h hkcn}h rply rplyomk omkpw pw
m$
Odgn{m Odgn{mkw kw rplyom rplyomodf odf hkcn}h hkcn}h wkpyog wkpyogkw kw od
]HK R[@NOG HKCN]H D[PWK
S{cnoiogc}oldw cdm I{dg}oldw o$
Gnodogw
A{w} `k rplikwwoldcnn s{cnoiokm cdm nogkdwkm }l rpcg}ogk od }hk cpkdc li r{`nog hkcn}h d{pwodf
oo$
Hlwro} cn cnw
Gldwow}kd} vo}h }hk d{pwodf ncv li 0220 (PC ?367/
ooo$ ooo$
Hkcn Hkcn}h }h odw{ odw{pc pcdg dgk k
O$
OO$
OOO$
O Y$
Y$
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k$
c$
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o$
Akmogodkw
`$
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oo$
Ycggodkw
W{rkpyowlp i{dg}old
ooo$ ooo$
Akmo Akmogc gcnn w{rr w{rrno nokw kw
c$
oy$ oy$
Akmo Akmogc gcnn ks{ ks{or orak akd} d}
y$
L}hkp L}hkp hkcn} hkcn}h h cdm d{}p d{}po}o o}old ld rplm{ rplm{g}w g}w
W{rkpy W{rkpyowl owlpp li }hk aomv aomvoyk oykw w cdm l}hk l}hkpp hkcn}h hkcn}h vlpe vlpekpw kpw
D{pwodf gcpk i{dg}old c$
Odhk Odhkpk pkd} d} i{dg i{dg}o }old ld li }hk }hk d{p d{pwk wk
yo$
Pkwkcp Pkwkcpgh gh cdm mkyknl mkyknlrak rakd} d}
`$
@cwk @cwkm m ld }hk }hk wgo wgokd kdgk gk li li cp} cdm cdm gcpo gcpodf df
yoo$ yoo$
H{acd H{acd pkwl{p pkwl{pgk gk mkyk mkyknl nlrak rakd} d}
g$
Gcpodf Gcpodf ilp ilp cnn cnn nkykn nkyknw w li gnokd}knk gnokd}knk }lvcpm hkcn}h hkcn}h rplal rplal}old }old cdm mowkcwk rpkykd}old
0$
R{`nog wk wkg}lp ncpfkn ncpfkn iodcdg iodcdgkm km }hpl{f }hpl{fh h c }cx!`cwk }cx!`cwkm m `{mfk} `{mfk}odf odf ww}k ww}ka a c} `l}h dc}oldcn cdm nlgcn nkyknw
c$
Gcpk Gcpk gllpmo gllpmodc} dc}lpw lpw ilp ilp glaa{ glaa{do} do}okw okw cdm cdm }hkop }hkop aka` aka`kpw kpw
`$
hkcn}h hkcn}h gcpk gcpk ow ow fkdkpc fkdkpcnn nn foyk foykd d ipkk ipkk c} }hk rlod rlod}} li wkpyog wkpyogk k
`$
Kw}c`nowh Kw}c`nowhkw kw nodecf nodecfkw kw cdm cdm glnnc glnnc`lpc}o `lpc}oyk yk pknc}ol pknc}oldwho dwhorw rw vo}h vo}h l}hkp l}hkp hkcn}h rplikwwoldcnw. flykpdakd} cfkdgokw. rpoyc}k wkg}lpw. DFL‟w rklrnk‟w lpfcdozc}oldw }l cmmpkww hkcn}h rpl`nkaw
g$
gldwow gldwow}} li }hk }hk dc}oldc dc}oldcnn cdm nlgc nlgcnn flykpd flykpdakd akd}} cfkdgo cfkdgokw kw
Hkcn}h rp rp la lal}old cd cdm km km{gc} ol old i{ i{dg}old Cg}oyo}ok Cg}oyo}okw w flkw flkw `kldm hkcn}h hkcn}h }kcghod }kcghodfw fw cdm cdm hkcn}h hkcn}h odilpac}o odilpac}old ld gcarcofdw
DC]OLDCN NKYKN 3$
Mkrc Mkrcp} p}ak akd} d} li Hkcn Hkcn}h }h †
Acdmc}km cw }hk nkcm cfkdg od hkcn}h
]pcododf i{dg}old c$
YOO$
c$ Gln nc nc `l `lp c} c} od od f cd m g ll ll pm pm od od c} c} od odf i {d {dg }o}o ld ld
c$
YO$
Acd{i cg cg}{pk li
†
Odo}oc}kw Odo}oc}kw }hk ilpa{nc}ol ilpa{nc}old d li li w}cii w}cii mkyknlrak mkyknlrakd} d} cdm cdm }pcododf }pcododf rplfpcaw ilp aomvoykw cdm l}hkp c{xonocp vlpekpw
†
Pkwkcpgh i{ i{dg}old c$
Rcp}ogorc} Rcp}ogorc}kw kw od od }hk }hk gldm{g} gldm{g} li pkwkcpg pkwkcpgh h cdm cdm {}ono {}onozkw zkw pkwkcp pkwkcpgh gh iodmodfw od hkp rpcg}ogk o$
0$
†
Akcw Akcw{p {pk k }hk acf acfdo do}{ }{mk mk li li }hk rpl rpl`n `nka ka
0$
Akcw Akcw{p {pk k }hk }hk kii kiikg kg}} li li }hk }hk gld gld}pl }plnn rplfpca
Rcp} li dc}oldcn nkykn vhogh rplyomk hkcn}h gcpk wkpyogkw
NLGCN NKYKN (NLGCN HKCN]H W_W]KA/ †
]HK RHONORODK HKCN]H GCPK MKNOYKP_ W_W]KA 3$ Acjlp rnckpw li }hk HGMW
Acod Acod}c }cod odw w rply rplyod odgo gocn cn hkcn hkcn}h }h }kca }kcaw w acmk acmk {r li MLH MLH pkrpkw pkrpkwkd} kd}c}o c}oykw ykw }l }hk nlgcn nlgcn hkcn}h hkcn}h `lcpmw `lcpmw cdm rkpwld rkpwlddkn dkn odylnykm od GMG. wrkgoiogcnn ilp acncpoc cdm wghow}lwlaocwow
Rhono Rhonorr rrod odk k Fkdk Fkdkpc pcnn Hlw Hlwro ro}cn }cn
Mowk Mowkcw cwk k w{py w{pyko konn nncd cdgk gk 3$
Acod}codw wrkgocn} hlwro}cnw. pkfoldcn hlwro}cnw cdm akmogcn gkd}kpw
P{d ` NF[
Rply Rplyod odgo gocn cn flyk flykpd pdak akd} d} l
Rplyodgocn cdm Mow}pog} hlwro}cnw
3;
0$
Go}, Go},A{ A{do dogo gorc rcnn flyk flykpd pdak akd} d} l
Hkcn}h gkd}kpw,PH[
l
@cpcdfc hkcn}h w}c}oldw
†
Cg} Cg} Dl$ =226 (Pklpfcdo (Pklpfcdozc}ol zc}old d Cg} li 3?70/ pkykp}km `cge }hk Rhonorrodk Hkcn}h Wkpyogk od}l }hk @{pkc{ li Hkcn}h cdm gla`odkm }hk @{pkc{ li R{`nog Vknicpk {dmkp }hk Liiogk li }hk Glaaowwoldkp li Hkcn}h cdm R{`nog Vknicpk
NLGCN GHOKI KXKG[]OYK †
†
Ghcopkm }hk nlgcn hkcn}h `lcpm
RHONORRODK GLAALDVKCN]H CDM ]HK JCRCDKWK LGG[RC]OLD (3?7;! 3?=;/
I{dg}old ow acodn }l wkpyk cw cmyowlp `lm }l }hk nlgcn kxkg{}oyk cdm }hk wcdff{docd wcdff{docd lp nlgcn nlgcn nkfownc}o nkfownc}oyk yk gl{dgon gl{dgon ld hkcn}h!pkn hkcn}h!pknc}km c}km ac}}kpw
Ac 73. 3?7? †
Hkcn}h cdm Vknicpk
RHONORRODK MKRCP]AKD] LI HKCN]H HOW]LPOGCN @CGEFPL[DM
Glaaldvkc Glaaldvkcn}h n}h Cg} Dl$ =72 gpkc}km gpkc}km }hk Mkrcp}akd} Mkrcp}akd} li R{`nog R{`nog
Jcd{cp 6. 3?=3
(RPK!WRCDOWH cdm WRCDOWH RKPOLM/
†
KL Dl$ 736 i{nn 736 i{nn oarnkakd}km Glaaldvkcn}h Cg} Dl$ =72
Jcd{cp 3. 3?;3 3888 †
†
W{rkpolp `lcpm li hkcn}h cdm ghcpo} vcw gpkc}km ` }hk Wrcdocpmw vhogh kw}c`nowhkm c hlwro}cn ww}ka cdm c `lcpm li ycggodc}old
J{dk 07. 38?8 †
Ik`p{cp 02 3?;8
Mkrcp}akd} li R{`nog Vlpew. Km{gc}old cdm Hfokdk vcw gpkc}km ` yop}{k li mkgpkk wofdkm ` Rpkwomkd} Kaonol Cf{odcnml Cf{odcnml
†
Fkdkpcn Lpmkpw Dl$ 3; kw}c`nowhkm 3; kw}c`nowhkm }hk @lcpm li Hkcn}h ilp }hk Go} li Acdonc
J{n 3. 3?23 †
Cg} Dl$ 3;6 gpkc}km 3;6 gpkc}km @lcpm li Hkcn}h ilp }hk Rhonorrodk Owncdmw. cnwl
KL Dl$ 088 kiilp} }l mkgkd}pcnozk flykpdcdgk li hkcn}h wkpyogk$ Cd liiogk li }hk pkfoldcn hkcn}h mopkg}lp vcw gpkc}km od 8 pkfoldw cdm cnn hkcn}h hkcn}h wkpyogkw wkpyogkw vkpk mkgkd}pcnozkm mkgkd}pcnozkm }l }hk pkfoldcn. pkfoldcn. rplyodgocn rplyodgocn cdm a{dogorcn nkyknw
Wkr}ka`kp 0?. 38?8 †
Liiogk li }hk Rpkwomkd} li }hk Wcdo}cp Mow}pog} vcw gldykp}km od}l PH[ gcppodf l{} 6 `cwog hkcn}h wkpyogkw5 Ac}kpdcn cdm Ghonm Hkcn}h. kdyopldak kdyopldakd}cn d}cn Hkcn}h. Hkcn}h. GMG. Yo}cn W}c}ow}ogw W}c}ow}ogw.. Akmogcn Akmogcn Gcpk. Hkcn}h Hkcn}h Km{gc}old cdm R{`nog Hkcn}h D{pwodf
3?62 †
Pkw}p{g}{pk Pkw}p{g}{pkm m Hkcn}h Hkcn}h Gcpk Mknoykp Mknoykp Ww}ka Ww}ka vcw gldgkr}{c gldgkr}{cnozk nozkm. m. gncwwoiokm hkcn}h wkpyogkw od}l Rpoacp. Rpoacp. Wkgldmcp cdm ]kp}ocp
J{dk 0. 3?68
i{dg}oldkm cw }hk Nlgcn Hkcn}h @lcpm li Acdonc †
RM 37?6 pkdcakm 37?6 pkdcakm }hk Mkrcp}akd} li Hkcn}h }l }hk Aodow}p li Hkcn}h
Mkgka`kp 0. 3?23 Mkgka`kp 0. 3?80 †
Cg} Dlw$ 726. 728 kw}c`nowhkm 728 kw}c`nowhkm }hk Rplyodgocn cdm A{dogorcn @lcpmw glarnk}odf }hk hkcn}h lpfcdozc}old od cgglpmcdgk vo}h }hk }kppo}lpocn moyowold li }hk owncdmw
†
@lcpm li Hkcn}h ilp }hk Rhonorrodk Owncdmw `kgcak Odw{ncp @lcpm li Hkcn}h
†
Crpon 37. ?86 †
Lg}l`kp 09. 3?2; †
Cg} Dl$ 3=26 c`lnowhkm 3=26 c`lnowhkm }hk Odw{ncp @lcpm li Hkcn}h cdm pkrncgkm `
KL Dl$ 8;3 gpkc}km Od}kfpc}km Rplyodgocn Hkcn}h Liiogk
KL Dl$ Dl$ 33? }pcdwil }pcdwilpa pakm km }hk Aodow}p Aodow}p li Hkcn} Hkcn}h h `cge `cge }l }hk Mkrcp}akd} li Hkcn}h
Lg}l`kp 32. 3??3
}hk @{pkc{ li Hkcn}h {dmkp }hk Mkrcp}akd} li Od}kpolp † †
PC 6392 (Nlgcn Flykpdakd} Glmk/ rplyomkm ilp }hk mkgkd}pcnozc}old li }hk kd}opk kd}opk flykpd flykpdakd akd}5 }5 MLH MLH ghcdfk ghcdfkm m o}w plnk ipla ipla ldk li oarnkakd}c}old }l ldk li flykpdcdgk
Cg} Dl$ 3=86 (3?29/ pkrncgkm }hk rplyodgocn `lcpmw li hkcn}h vo}h mow}pog} hkcn}h liiogkpw
Ac 0=. 3???
3?3; †
Cg} Dl$ 0=98 }pcdwilpak }pcdwilpakm m }hk @LH od}l c glaaowwol glaaowwoldkm dkm wkpyogk wkpyogk gcnnkm }hk Rhonorrodk Hkcn}h Wkpyogk
†
KL Dl$ 320 (Pkmopkg}odf }hk I{dg}oldw cdm Lrkpc}oldw li }hk MLH/ fpcd}km }hk MLH }l rplgkkm vo}h o}w Pc}oldcnozc}old cdm W}pkcanododf Rncd$
3?70
39
†
Acdm Acdmc} c}kw kw }hk }hk MLH MLH }l rply rplyom omk k cwwo cwwow}c w}cdg dgk k }l NF[. NF[. rklr rklrnk nk‟w ‟w lpfcdo lpfcdozc} zc}old old cdm l}hkp l}hkp aka`kp aka`kpw w li goyog goyog wlgok} wlgok} od kiikg} kiikg}oyk oykn n oarnkakd}odf rplfpcaw. rplfpcaw. rpljkg}w cdm wkpyogkw }hc} vonn l
Rplal}k }hk hkcn}h cdm vknn `kodf li kykp Ionorodl5
l
Rpkykd} cdm gld}pln mowkcwkw caldf rlr{nc}old c} powe5
l
l
9$
Pkcwld ilp }hk kxow}kdgk li }hk c`lyk gldmo}oldw 3$
Odcrrp Odcrrplrp lrpoc} oc}k k hkcn}h hkcn}h mknoyk mknoykp p ww}ka ww}ka ‗ whlvd whlvd ` cd odkii odkiiogo ogokd} kd} cdm cdm rllpn }cpfk}km hlwro}cn ww}ka odkiikg}oyk akghcdowa ilp rplyomodf r{`n r{`nog og hkcn hkcn}h }h rplf rplfpc pcaw aw ld }lr }lr li hkcn hkcn}h }h h{ac h{acd d pkwl pkwl{p {pgk gkw w acnmow}po`{}old
0$
Odcmks Odcmks{c} {c}k k pkf{nc}l pkf{nc}lp p akghcdo akghcdowaw waw ilp hkcn}h hkcn}h wkpyog wkpyogkw kw pkw{n}o pkw{n}odf df }l rllp s{cno} li hkcn}h hkcn}h gcpk. hofh glw} li rpoyc}kn rpoyc}kn rplyomkm rplyomkm hkcn}h hkcn}h wkpyogkw. hofh glw} li mp{fw cdm rpkwkdgk li nlv s{cno} li mp{fw od }hk acpek}
7$
Rllp Rllp hkcn}h hkcn}h gcpk iodcdg iodcdgodf odf cdm cdm odkiiog odkiiogokd okd}} wl{pgod wl{pgodf f lp fkdkpc}o fkdkpc}old ld li i{dmw ilp hkcn}hgcpk
Rpl}kg} odmoyom{cnw. icaonokw cdm glaa{do}okw kxrlwkm }l hczcpmw cdm powew5 ]pkc}. ]pkc}. acdcfk acdcfk cdm pkhc`ono}c pkhc`ono}c}k }k odmoyom{c odmoyom{cnw nw ciikg}km ciikg}km ` mowkcwkw cdm mowc`ono}
3???!022= Mkyknlrakd} li Hkcn}h Wkg}lp Pkilpa Cfkdmc
PLNKW CDM I[DG]OLDW LI MLH (Acdmc}km ` }hk KL Dl$ 320/
@{pmkd @{pmkd li mowk mowkcwk cwk ow hkcyok hkcyokw} w} ld ld }hk }hk rllp rllp
Ipcakvlpe ilp }hk oarnkakd}c}old li HWPC: IL[P a{nc a{nc LDK ilp LDK ilp Hkcn}h
PLNK †
Rplyomodf }kghdogcn cdm l}hkp pkwl{pgk cwwow}cdgk
FKDKPCN I[DG]OLDW [DMKP ]HPKK WRKGOIOG PLNKW 3$
Nkcm Nkcmkp kpwh whor or od Hkcn Hkcn}h }h
0$
Kdc` Kdc`nk nkpp cdm cdm Gcrc Gcrcgo go} } @{on @{onmk mkp p
7$
Cmao Cmaodo dow}p w}pc} c}lp lp li Wrkg Wrkgoi oiog og Wkpy Wkpyog ogkw kw
YOWOLD ]hk MLH ow }hk nkcmkp. w}c{dgh cmylgc}k cdm almkn od rplal}odf „Hkcn}h ilp Cnn od }hk Rhonorrodkw‑$
IL[P a{nc a{nc LDK ilp Hkcn}h ow }hk oarnkakd}c}old ipcakvlpe ilp hkcn}h wkg}lp pkilpa pkilpaw w od }hk Rhono Rhonorro rrodkw dkw ilp }hk akmo{a akmo{a }kpa glykpo glykpodf df 022;!0 022;!0232 232$$ O} ow mkwofdkm }l oarnkakd} gpo}ogcn hkcn}h od}kpykd}oldw cw c wodfnk rcgecfk. `cgekm ` kiikg}oyk acdcfkakd} odipcw}p{g}{pk cdm iodcdgodf cppcdfkakd}w$
IL[P a{nc a{nc LDK ilp Hkcn}h kdfcfkw kdfcfkw }hk kd}opk hkcn}h hkcn}h wkg}lp. wkg}lp. odgn{modf odgn{modf }hk r{`nog r{`nog cdm rpoyc}k wkg}lpw. wkg}lpw. dc}oldcn dc}oldcn cfkdgokw cdm nlgcn nlgcn flykpdakd flykpdakd}} {do}w. {do}w. kx}kpd kx}kpdcn cn mkyknl mkyknlra rakd} kd} cfkdgo cfkdgokw. kw. cdm goyon goyon wlgok} wlgok} }l fk} odyln odylnykm ykm od }hk oarnkakd}c}old li hkcn}h pkilpaw$ O} ow cd odyo}c}old }l jlod }hk glnnkg}oyk pcgk cfcodw} ipcfakd}c}old li }hk hkcn}h ww}ka li }hk gl{d}p. cfcodw} }hk odks{o} li hkcn}hgcpk cdm }hk oarlykpowhodf kiikg}w li onn!hkcn}h$ Vo}h c pl`{w} cdm {do}km hkcn}h wkg}lp. vk gcd vod }hk pcgk }lvcpmw `k}}kp hkcn}h cdm c `pofh}kp i{}{pk ilp fkdkpc}oldw }l glak$
Flcnw li IL[Pa{nc ldk ilp Hkcn}h AOWWOLD F{cpcd}kk ks{o}c`nk. w{w}codc`nk cdm s{cno} hkcn}h ilp cnn Ionorodlw. kwrkgocnn }hk rllp cdm whcnn nkcm }hk s{kw} ilp kxgknnkdgk od hkcn}h
FLCN: Hkcn}h Wkg}lp Pkilpa Cfkdmc (HWPC/ Hkcn}h Wkg}lp Pkilpa ow }hk lykppomodf flcn li }hk MLH$ W{rrlp} akghcdowaw vonn vonn `k }hpl{fh ¿wl{dm lpfcdozc}oldcn mkyknlrakd}. °w}pldf rlnogokw. ·ww}kaw cdm rplgkm{pkw. ⁽gcrc`nk li h{acd pkwl{pgkw cdm ⁻cmks{c}k iodcdgocn pkwl{pgkw
W}cp}odf }hk Pcgk vo}h }hk Il{p a{nc a{nc Ldk ilp Hkcn}h Flcnw cdm L`jkg}oykw
Kdm
od
Aodm:
Lykp!cnn Flcnw: ]hk oarnkakd}c}old li IL[P li IL[P a{nc a{nc LDK ilp LDK ilp Hkcn}h ow mopkg}km }lvcpmw cghokyodf }hk ilnnlvodf kdm flcnw. od gldwldcdgk vo}h }hk hkcn}h ww}ka flcnw omkd}oiokm ` }hk Vlpnm Vlpnm Hkcn}h Hkcn}h Lpfcdozc} Lpfcdozc}old. old. }hk Aonnkddo{ Aonnkddo{a a Mkyknlra Mkyknlrakd} kd} Flcnw. Flcnw. cdm }hk Akmo{a ]kpa Rhonorrodk Mkyknlrakd} Rncd:
† † †
@k}}kp hkcn}h l{}glakw Alpk pkwrldwoyk hkcn}h ww}ka Alpk ks{o}c`nk hkcn}hgcpk iodcdgodf$
Pc}oldcnk ilp Hkcn}h Wkg}lp Pkilpa 3$
Wnlvod Wnlvodf f mlvd mlvd od }hk }hk pkm{g} pkm{g}old old od }hk }hk OAP cdm }hk }hk AAP AAP
0$
Rkpwow Rkpwow}kd }kdgk gk li ncpfk ncpfk ycpoc}ol ycpoc}oldw dw od hkcn}h hkcn}h w}c}{w w}c}{w cgplww cgplww rlr{nc} rlr{nc}old old fpl{rw cdm fklfpcrhog cpkcw
7$
Hofh `{pmkd ipla odikg}ol{w mowkcwkw
=$
Powod Powodf f `{pmkd `{pmkd ipla ipla ghpldo ghpldog g cdm mkfkd mkfkdkpc kpc}oy }oyk k mowkcw mowkcwkw kw
;$
[dc} [dc}}k }kdm dmkm km kakp kakpfo fodf df hkcn hkcn}h }h powe powew w ipla ipla kdyo kdyopl plda dakd kd}c }cnn cdm cdm vlpe vlpe pknc}km icg}lpw
Fkdkpcn L`jkg}oyk: IL[P a{nc a{nc LDK ilp Hkcn}h ow coakm c} cghokyodf gpo}ogcn pkilpaw vo}h wrkkm. rpkgowold rpkgowold cdm kiikg}oyk kiikg}oyk gllpmodc}o gllpmodc}old ld mopkg mopkg}km }km c} oarpl oarplyod yodf f }hk s{cno}. kiiogokdg kiiogokdg.. kiikg}oykd kiikg}oykdkww kww cdm ks{o} ks{o} li }hk Rhonorr Rhonorrodk odk hkcn}h hkcn}h ww}ka ww}ka od c acddkp }hc} ow ikn} cdm crrpkgoc}km ` Ionorodlw. kwrkgocnn }hk rllp$
Wrkgoiog L`jkg}oykw: Il{p a{nc a{nc Ldk ilp Hkcn}h vonn w}poyk. vo}hod }hk akmo{a }kpa. }l:
†
Wkg{pk alpk. `k}}kp cdm w{w}codkm iodcdgodf ilp hkcn}h
36
Cww{pk }hk s{cno} cdm ciilpmc`ono} li hkcn}h fllmw cdm wkpyogkw Kdw{pk Kdw{pk cggkww cggkww }l cdm cyconc`ono} cyconc`ono} li kwwkd}ocn kwwkd}ocn cdm `cwog `cwog hkcn}h hkcn}h rcgecfkw Oarplyk rkpilpacdgk li }hk hkcn}h ww}ka
† †
†
†
Vonnodfdkww li }hk NF[ }l rcp}ogorc}k od }hk IL[P a{nc a{nc LDK ilp Hkcn}h Hkcn}h oarnkakd oarnkakd}c}old }c}old.. od }kpaw li vonnodfdk vonnodfdkww ww }l rplyomk rplyomk }hk pks{owo}k pks{owo}k gl{d}kprcp} gl{d}kprcp} pkwl{pgkw. pkwl{pgkw. cdm vonnodfd vonnodfdkww kww }l kd}kp od}l ilpacn ilpacn dc}oldcn dc}oldcn flykpdakd flykpdakd}} }l nlgcn flykpdakd}. flykpdakd}. od}kp!nlgc od}kp!nlgcnn flykpd flykpdak akd} d} cdm flykpd flykpdak akd} d} }l rpoyc} rpoyc}k k wkg}lp wkg}lp dk}vlp dk}vlpeod eodf. f. rcp}dkpwhor cdm pkwl{pgk whcpodf cppcdfkakd}w5
†
Rpkwkdgk Rpkwkdgk li nlgcn odo}oc}oykw odo}oc}oykw lp w}cp}!{r w}cp}!{r cg}oyo}okw cg}oyo}okw pknkycd} pknkycd} }l IL[P a{nc a{nc LDK w}pc}kf w}pc}kfokw okw.. }l odgn{m odgn{mk. k. `{} dl} noao} noao}km km }l: mkyknlrakd} li od}kp!nlgcn hkcn}h zldkw. kdplnnakd} li odmofkd}w od}l }hk wlgocn wlgocn hkcn}h hkcn}h odw{pcdgk odw{pcdgk ww}ka. oarplykakd} oarplykakd} od mp{f acdcfkakd} ww}kaw. caldf l}hkpw5 Pknc}oykn hofh ikcwo`ono} li w{ggkww cdm w{w}codc`ono}. }l odgn{mk icg}lpw w{gh cw gcrcgo} }l kd}kp od}l nlcdw. gcrcgo} }l c`wlp` odykw}akd}w cdm w{w}cod }hk pkilpa rplgkww. k}g$5 cdm Cyconc`ono} li i{dmw ipla FLR cdm kx}kpdcn wl{pgkw ilp gcro}cn odykw}akd} pks{opkakd}w$
Mkiododf }hk P{nkw li Kdfcfkakd}: Wkykd (6/ Fkdkpcn F{omknodkw ilp Hkcn}h Pkilpa Oarnkakd}c}old I3 P{nk Dl$3:
†
IL[P a{nc a{nc LDK ilp LDK ilp Hkcn}h vonn lpfcdozk }hk gpo}ogcn pkilpa odo}oc}oykw od}l il{p oarnkakd}c}old oarnkakd}c}old glarldkd}w. dcakn. dcakn. Iodcdgodf. Pkf{nc}old. Wkpyogk Mknoykp cdm Flykpdcdgk$
†
I3 P{nk Dl$ 0: ]hk oarnkakd}c}old li IL[P a{nc a{nc LDK ilp Hkcn}h vonn ilg{w ld c ikv acdcfkc`nk cdm gpo}ogcn od}kpykd}oldw$ W{gh od}kpykd}oldw vonn `k omkd}oiokm {wodf }hk ilnnlvodf gpo}kpoc:
†
Mlc`nk foykd cyconc`nk pkwl{pgkw ! Gpo}ogcn od}kpykd}oldw omkd}oiokm ilp kcgh glarldkd} a{w} `k mkkakm mlc`nk foykd }hk cyconc`nk }oak. h{acd cdm iodcdgocn pkwl{pgkw$
†
W{iiogokd} fpl{dmvlpe cdm `{!od ! ]hk ghlwkd od}kpykd}oldw a{w} `k `cgekm `cgekm ` w{iiogok w{iiogokd} d} fpl{dmvlpe fpl{dmvlpe cdm `{!od `{!od ipla oarnkakd oarnkakd}c}ol }c}old d rcp}dkpw. kwrkgocnn od }hk mkyknlrakd} li pkilpa rcgecfkw ilp nlgcn oarnkakd}c}old$ †
]poffkpw ]poffkpw c pkilpa ghcod pkcg}old ! ]hkwk gpo}ogcn od}kpykd}oldw a{w} `k c`nk c`nk }l }poff }poffkp kp c ghco ghcod d li pkcg pkcg}o }old ld }hc} }hc} vonn vonn wr{p wr{p }hk }hk oarnkakd}c}old li l}hkp IL[P l}hkp IL[P a{nc a{nc LDK ilp LDK ilp Hkcn}h od}kpykd}oldw. vo}hod cdm cgplww }hk il{p glarldkd}w$
†
Rplm{gkw }cdfo`nk pkw{n}w cdm fkdkpc}kw r{`nog w{rrlp} ! ]hkwk gpo}ogcn od}kpykd}oldw a{w} `k c`nk }l whlv }cdfo`nk pkw{n}w vo}hod }hk oaakmoc}k cdm akmo{a }kpaw. vhogh od }{pd fkdkpc}k w{rrlp} cdm gllrkpc}old ipla }hk r{`nog5
I3 P{nk Dl$ 7: ]hk pkilpaw vonn `k oarnkakd oarnkakd}km }km {dmkp {dmkp c wkg}lp!vom wkg}lp!vomk k crrplcgh. crrplcgh. vhogh kdglarcwwkw c acdcfkakd} rkpwrkg}oyk }hc} glykpw }hk kd}opk hkcn}h wkg}lp cdm cd odykw}akd} rlp}ilnol }hc} kdglarcwwkw cnn wl{pgkw$
Gcppodf l{} }hk Fcak Rncd: Voddodf Voddodf W}pc}kfokw W}pc}kfokw }l C}}cod IL[P a{nc a{nc LDK ilp Hkcn}h Hkcn}h Glarldkd Glarldkd}! }! Wrkgoiog L`jkg}oykw
I3 Glarldkd} Dl$ 3: HKCN]H IODCDGODF L`jkg}oyk: ]hk l`jkg}oyk li iodcdgodf pkilpaw {dmkp IL[P {dmkp IL[P a{nc a{nc LDK ilp Hkcn}h Hkcn}h ow }l wkg{pk wkg{pk alpk. `k}}kp cdm w{w}codkm w{w}codkm odykw}ak odykw}akd}w d}w od hkcn}h }l rplyomk ks{o} cdm oarplyk hkcn}h l{}glakw. kwrkgocnn ilp }hk rllp$ I3 Glarldkd} Dl$0: HKCN]H PKF[NC]OLD L`jkg}oyk: ]hk acod l`jkg}oyk li hkcn}h pkf{nc}old {dmkp IL[P {dmkp IL[P a{nc a{nc LDK ilp Hkcn}h ow cww{podf cggkww }l s{cno} cdm ciilpmc`nk hkcn}h rplm{g}w. mkyogkw. icgono}okw cdm wkpyogkw. kwrkgocnn }hlwk glaaldn {wkm ` }hk rllp$ I3 Glarldkd} Dl$ 7: HKCN]H WKPYOGK MKNOYKP_ L`jkg}oyk: IL[P a{nc a{nc LDK ilp Hkcn}h Hkcn}h od}kpykd}oldw od}kpykd}oldw od wkpyogk mknoykp cpk coakm c} oarplyodf }hk cggkwwo`ono} cdm cyconc`ono} li `cwog cdm kwwkd}ocn hkcn}h gcpk ilp cnn. rcp}og{ncpn }hk rllp$ ]how whcnn glykp cnn r{`nog cdm rpoyc}k icgono}okw cdm wkpyogkw I3 Glarldkd} Dl$=: FLLM FLYKPDCDGK OD HKCN]H
I3 P{nk Dl$ =: ]hk Dc}oldcn Hkcn}h Odw{pcdgk Rplfpca (DHOR/ vonn wkpyk cw }hk acod nkykp }l kiikg} mkwopkm ghcdfkw cdm l{}glakw od kcgh li }hk il{p oarnkakd}c}old glarldkd glarldkd}w. }w. vhkpk }hk acod acod i{dg}oldw i{dg}oldw li }hk DHOR odgn{mod odgn{modf f kdplnnak kdplnnakd}. d}. cggpkmo}c}old. `kdkio} mknoykp. rplyomkp rcakd} cdm odykw}akd} cpk karnlkm }l nkykpcfk }hk c}}codakd} li }hk }cpfk}w ilp kcgh li } hk pkilpa glarldkd}w$
L`jkg}oyk: ]hk l`jkg}oyk li fllm flykpdcdgk od hkcn}h ow }l oarplyk hkcn}h ww}kaw rkpilpacdgk c} }hk dc}oldcn cdm nlgcn nkyknw$ IL[P a{nc a{nc LDK ilp LDK ilp Hkcn}h vonn od}plm{gk od}kpykd}oldw }l oarplyk flykpdcdgk od nlgcn hkcn}h ww}kaw. oarplyk oarplyk gllpmodc}o gllpmodc}old ld cgplww cgplww nlgcn nlgcn hkcn}h hkcn}h ww}kaw. ww}kaw. kdhcdgk kdhcdgk kiikg}oyk kiikg}oyk rpoyc}k! r{`nog rcp}dkpwhor. cdm oarplyk dc}oldcn gcrcgo}okw }l acdcfk }hk hkcn}h wkg}lp$
I3 P{nk Dl$ ;: ]hk i{dg}oldc i{dg}oldcnn cdm iodcdgocn iodcdgocn acdcfkakd} acdcfkakd} cppcdfkak cppcdfkakd}w d}w vonn `k mkiodkm od }kpaw li wrkgoiog liiogkw hcyodf gnkcp acdmc}kw. rkpilpacdgk }cpfk}w cdm w{rrlp} ww}kaw. vo}hod vknn!mkiodkm }oak ipcakw od }hk oarnkakd}c}old li pkilpaw vo}hod kcgh glarldkd}$
Flykpdcdgk od nlgcn hkcn}h ww}kaw ac `k oarplykm ` {dmkp}ceodf }hk ilnnlvodf w}pc}kfokw: IL[P!OD!LDK Gldykpfkdgk Wo}kw hcyk }l `k kw}c`nowhkm$ ]hkwk gldykpfkdgk wo}kw vonn {dmkp}cek od}kfpc}km od}kfpc}km oarnkakd oarnkakd}c}old }c}old li IL[P a{nc a{nc LDK ilp Hkcn}h glarldkd}w od crrplrpoc}kn mknodkc}km nlgcno}okw lp od}kp!nlgcn hkcn}h zldkw$
I3 P{nk Dl$ 9: ]hk i{dg}oldcn gn{w}kpodf li }kcaw cdm cwwofdakd} li wrkgoiog ]kca Nkcmkp Nkcmkpw w whcnn whcnn icgono icgono}c}k }c}k oarnk oarnkakd akd}c}o }c}old. ld. aldo}l aldo}lpod podf f cdm cdm w{rkpy w{rkpyowo owold ld od c gllpmodc}oyk acddkp cdm whcnn dl}. od cd vc. rpkj{mogk }hk glprlpc}k dc}{pk li }hk MLH!c}}cghkm cfkdgokw dlp }hk c{}ldla li Nlgcn Flykpdakd} [do}w$
C IL[P a{nc a{nc LDK ilp LDK ilp Hkcn}h NF[ Wglpkgcpm vonn `k mkyknlrkm cdm karnlkm }l }pcge }hk rplfpkww cdm glarcpk }hk rkpilpacdgk li ycpol{w nlgcno}okw lp od}kp! nlgcn hkcn}h zldkw$
I3 P{nk Dl$ 6: ]hk wknkg}old wknkg}old li IL[P!od!LDK Gldykpfkd Gldykpfkdgk gk Wo}kw Wo}kw vonn `k flykpdkm flykpdkm ` }hk ilnnlvodf gpo}kpoc:
C IL[P a{nc a{nc LDK ilp Hkcn}h Rplikwwoldcn Mkyknlrakd} cdm Gcpkkp ]pcge vonn `k odw}o}{}ol odw}o}{}oldcnoz dcnozkm km vhkpk vhkpk glark}kd glark}kd}} cdm mkmogc}km mkmogc}km hkcn}h rkpwlddkn rkpwlddkn vonn
38
rplyomk s{cno} hkcn}h wkpyogkw cdm wl{dm cmyogk }l nlgcn ghoki kxkg{}oykw vo}h pkfcpm }l hkcn}h pkilpaw$ IL[P a{nc a{nc LDK ilp Hkcn}h ow ow cd lykpcpghodf rhonlwlrh }l cghokyk }hk kdm flcnw li `k}}kp hkcn}h l{}glakw. c pkwrldwoyk hkcn}h ww}ka cdm ks{o}c`nk hkcn}h gcpk iodcdgodf$ O} ow mopkg}km }lvcpmw kdw{podf cggkwwo`nk. ciilpmc`nk hkcn}h gcpk kwrkgocnn ilp }hk alpk mowcmycd}cfkm cdm y{ndkpc`nk wkg}lpw li }hk rlr{nc}old$
mkiodkm mkiodkm fklfpcrho fklfpcrhogcn gcn cpkc rcp}ogorc}k rcp}ogorc}k }lfk}hkp }lfk}hkp od rplyomodf rplyomodf s{cno} ks{o}c`nk ks{o}c`nk cdm cggkwwo`n cggkwwo`nk k hkcn}h hkcn}h gcpk vo}h Od}kp Nlgcn Flykpdakd Flykpdakd}} [do} (ONF[/ rcp}dkpwhor cw }hk `cwog ipcakvlpe$ †
Lykpcnn Lykpcnn gldgkr} gldgkr} ow gn{w}kpodf gn{w}kpodf a{dogorcno} a{dogorcno}okw okw od}l Od}kp Nlgcn Hkcn}h Zldk (ONHZ/ l
L`jkg}oykw li }hk Hkcn}h Wkg}lp 3$
Oarply Oarplyk k }hk fkdk fkdkpcn pcn hkcn}h hkcn}h w}c} w}c}{w {w li }hk rlr{ rlr{nc} nc}old old
0$
Pkm{gk Pkm{gk alp` alp`omo omo} } cdm alp} alp}cno cno} } ipla ipla gkp}co gkp}cod d mowkcw mowkcwkw kw
7$
Knoao Knoaodc} dc}k k gkp}cod gkp}cod mowk mowkcwk cwkw w cw r{`nog r{`nog hkcn hkcn}h }h rpl`n rpl`nkaw kaw
=$
Rplal} Rplal}k k hkcn}h hkcn}h noik noikw}n w}nk k cdm kdyo kdyopld pldakd akd}cn }cn hkcn} hkcn}h h
;$
Rpl}kg} Rpl}kg} y{ndkpc y{ndkpc`nk `nk fpl{rw fpl{rw vo}h vo}h wrkgocn wrkgocn hkcn}h hkcn}h cdm cdm d{}po}ol d{}po}old d dkkmw dkkmw
9$
W}pkdf W}pkdf}hk }hkd d dc}oldc dc}oldcnn cdm nlgcn nlgcn hkcn}h hkcn}h ww}ka ww}kaw w }l kdw{pk kdw{pk s{cno} s{cno} cdm wcik} li hkcn}h fllmw cdm wkpyogkw
6$
Kcgh OHNZ hcw c mkiodkm rlr{nc}old rlr{nc}old vo}hod c mkiodkm mkiodkm fklfpc fklfpcrho rhogcn gcn cpkc cpkc cdm glarpo glarpowkw wkw c gkd}pc gkd}pcnn pkikpp pkikppcn cn hlwro}cn cdm c d{a`kp li rpoacp nkykn icgono}okw w{gh cw PH[ cdm @HWw
Oarlp}cdgk li ONHW 3$
Pk!od} Pk!od}kfp kfpc}k c}k hlwro} hlwro}cn cn cdm r{`nog r{`nog hkcn}h hkcn}h wkpyog wkpyogk k ilp c hlnow hlnow}og }og mknoyk mknoykp p li hkcn}h wkpyogkw
0$
Omkd}o Omkd}oi i cpkcw cpkcw li glarnka glarnkakd} kd}c}o c}old ld li }hk w}cekhl w}cekhlnmk nmkpw pw od }hk mknoyk mknoykp p li hkcn}h wkpyogkw c$
W}ce W}cekh khln lnmk mkpw pw odgn odgn{m {mk: k: o$
NF[w NF[w c} cnn cnn nky nkykn knw w
oo$
MLH
R{pw{k R{pw{k r{`no r{`nog g hkcn} hkcn}h h cdm cdm hlwro hlwro}cn }cn pkilpa pkilpaw w
8$
Pkm{gk Pkm{gk }hk }hk glw} glw} cdm cdm kdw{p kdw{pk k }hk s{cn s{cno} o} li li kwwkd} kwwkd}ocn ocn mp{f mp{fw w ooo$
RHOG
?$
Odw}o} Odw}o}{}k {}k hkcn} hkcn}h h pkf{nc} pkf{nc}lp lp pkilpa pkilpaw w }l kdw{pk kdw{pk s{cno} s{cno} cdm wcik} wcik} li hkcn}h fllmw cdm wkpyogkw
oy$
DFLw
32$
W}pkdf}hkd W}pkdf}hkd hkcn}h hkcn}h flykpdc flykpdcdgk dgk cdm acdcf acdcfkakd kakd}} w{rrlp} w{rrlp} ww}kaw ww}kaw
y$
Rpoy Rpoyc} c}k k wkg} wkg}lp lpw w
33$ 33$
Odw}o}{}k Odw}o}{}k wcik} wcik} dk}w ilp ilp }hk y{ndkpc` y{ndkpc`nk nk cdm acpfodc acpfodcnozk nozkm m fpl{rw fpl{rw
30$
Kxrcdm Kxrcdm }hk glykpcfk glykpcfk li li wlgocn wlgocn hkcn}h hkcn}h odw{pc odw{pcdgk dgk
37$
Al`ono Al`onozk zk alpk alpk pkwl{p pkwl{pgkw gkw ilp ilp hkcn} hkcn}h h
3=$
Oarply Oarplyk k kiiogo kiiogokdg kdg od }hk cnnlgc cnnlgc}ol }old. d. rplm{g rplm{g}ol }old d cdm {}onozc {}onozc}ol }old d li pkwl{pgkw ilp hkcn}h
y o$o$
Glaa{ do do} ok ok w
Kxrkg}km cghokykakd} li }hk ONHW 3$
[doykp [doykpwcn wcn glykpc glykpcfk fk li hkcn}h hkcn}h odw{p odw{pcdg cdgk k
0$
Oarply Oarplykm km s{cn s{cno} o} li Hlwr Hlwro}c o}cnn cdm cdm PH[ PH[ wkpyo wkpyogkw gkw
7$
Kiik Kiikg} g}oy oyk k pkik pkikpp ppcn cn ww ww}k }ka a
=$
O d} d} kf kfp c} c} km km r nc ncd do dod f
;$
Crrplr Crrplrpoc poc}k }k hkcn} hkcn}h h odilpa odilpac}o c}old ld ww}ka ww}ka
9$
Oarp Oarply lykm km mp{ mp{f f acdc acdcfk fkak akd} d} ww ww}k }ka a
6$
Mkyk Mkyknl nlrk rkm m h{ac h{acd d pkwl pkwl{p {pgk gkw w
8$
Kiikg} Kiikg}oyk oyk nkcmk nkcmkpwh pwhor or }hpl{f }hpl{fh h od}kp!NF od}kp!NF[ [ glprlpc glprlpc}ol }old d
?$
Iodcdg Iodcdgocn ocnn n yowo` yowo`nk nk lp wkni wkni w{w} w{w}cod cododf odf hlwr hlwro}c o}cnw nw
32$
Od}kfpc}old Od}kfpc}old li li r{`nog r{`nog hkcn}h hkcn}h cdm cdm g{pc}oyk g{pc}oyk hlwro}c hlwro}cnn gcpk
33$ 33$
W}pkdf}hkd W}pkdf}hkdkm km gllrkpc}ol gllrkpc}old d `k}vkkd `k}vkkd NF[ NF[ cdm hkcn}h hkcn}h wkg}lpw wkg}lpw
NLGCN HKCN]H W_W]KA (Gpkc}km {dmkp PC 6392/
L`jkg}oykw 3$
Kw}c`n Kw}c`nowh owh nlgcn nlgcn hkcn hkcn}h }h ww}ka ww}kaw w ilp kiikg}oy kiikg}oyk k cdm kiiogok kiiogokd} d} mknoyk mknoykp p li hkcn}h gcpk wkpyogkw
0$
[rfpcmk [rfpcmk }hk hkcn}h hkcn}h gcpk gcpk acdcfk acdcfkakd} akd} cdm wkpyog wkpyogk k gcrc`o gcrc`ono} no} li hkcn}h hkcn}h gcpk icgono}okw
7$
Rplal}k Rplal}k od}kp!N od}kp!NF[ F[ nodecf nodecfkw kw cdm cdm glw} glw} whcpodf whcpodf wghka wghkakw kw odgn{m odgn{modf odf nlgcn nlgcn hkcn}h hkcn}h gcpk iodcdgodf iodcdgodf ww}kaw ww}kaw ilp `k}}kp {}onozc}old {}onozc}old li nlgcn nlgcn hkcn}h hkcn}h pkwl{pgkw
=$
Ilw}kp Ilw}kp rcp}og rcp}ogorc orc}ol }old d li }hk rpoyc}k rpoyc}k wkg}lp wkg}lp.. DFLw cdm glaa glaa{do {do}ok }okw w od nlgcn hkcn}h ww}kaw mkyknlrakd}
;$
Kdw{pk Kdw{pk }hk }hk s{cno} s{cno} li hkcn}h hkcn}h wkpyogk wkpyogk mknoyk mknoykp p c} }hk nlgcn nlgcn nkykn nkykn
F{omodf rpodgornkw od mkyknlrodf }hk ONHW 3$
Iodcdgocn Iodcdgocn cdm cmaodo cmaodow}pc}o w}pc}oyk yk c{}ldla c{}ldla li }hk }hk rplyodgo rplyodgocn cn cdm cdm a{dogor a{dogorcn cn cmaodow}pc}oldw
0$
W}pl W}pldf df rln rlno} o}og ogcn cn w{r w{rrl rlp} p}
7$
W}pc}k W}pc}kfo fog g wdkpf wdkpfokw okw cdm rcp}dk rcp}dkpwh pwhorw orw
OD]KP NLGCN HKCN]H W_W]KA †
Ww}ka li hkcn}h gcpk woaoncp }l c mow}pog} hkcn}h ww}ka od vhogh odmoyom{cnw. glaa{do}okw cdm cnn l}hkp hkcn}h gcpk rplyomkpw od c vknn!
3?
=$
Glaa Glaa{d {do} o} rcp}o rcp}ogo gorc rc}o }old ld
†
;$
Ks{o} Ks{o} li cggkww cggkww }l hkcn} hkcn}h h wkpyogk wkpyogkw w ` }hk rlr{nc rlr{nc}ol }old. d. kwrkgo kwrkgocnn cnn }hk rllp
†
9$
Ciil Ciilpm pmc` c`on ono} o} li hkc hkcn} n}h h wkpy wkpyog ogkw kw
6$
Crrp Crrplr lrpo poc} c}kd kdkw kww w li hkcn hkcn}h }h rplf rplfpc pcaw aw
8$
Mkgk Mkgkd} d}pc pcno nozk zkm m acdc acdcfk fkak akd} d}
?$
W{w}co W{w}codc` dc`ono ono} } li hkcn}h hkcn}h odo}o odo}oc}o c}oykw ykw
32$
[rhlnmod [rhlnmodf f li w}cdmcp w}cdmcpmw mw li s{cno} s{cno} hkcn}h hkcn}h wkpyog wkpyogk k
†
RHG ow c w}pc}kf. w}pc}kf. vhogh vhogh ilg{wkw ilg{wkw pkwrldwo`ono pkwrldwo`ono} } ilp hkcn}h ld }hk odmoyom{cn. how icaon cdm }hk glaa{do} RHG odgn{m odgn{mkw kw i{nn i{nn rcp}og rcp}ogorc orc}ol }old d cdm cg}oyk cg}oyk odylny odylnykak kakd} d} li }hk glaa{do} }lvcpmw }hk mkyknlrakd} li wkni!pknocd} rklrnk. gcrc`nk li cghokyodf cd cggkr}c`nk nkykn li hkcn}h cdm vknn `kodf RHG pkglfdozkw }hk od}kppknc}oldwhor `k}vkkd hkcn}h cdm }hk lykpcnn rlno}ogcn. wlgol!g{n}{pcn cdm kgldlaog mkyknlrakd} li wlgok}
Knkakd}w,Glarldkd}w Knkakd}w,Glarldkd}w li RHG 3$
Kdyo Kdyopl plda dakd kd}c }cnn Wcdo Wcdo}c} }c}ol old d
0$
Gld} Gld}pl plnn li gla glaa{ a{do dogc gc`n `nk k mowk mowkcw cwkw kw
7$
Oaa{dozc}old
=$
Hk cn cn} h Km {g {gc }o}ol d
;$
Ac}kpd Ac}kpdcn cn cdm cdm Ghon Ghonm m Hkcn} Hkcn}h h cdm Icaon Icaon Rncdd Rncddodf odf
9$
Cmks Cmks{c {c}k }k Ill Illm m cdm cdm Rplr Rplrkp kp D{} D{}po po}o }old ld
6$
Rplyow Rplyowold old li li Akmogc Akmogcnn Gcpk Gcpk cdm Kakp Kakpfkd fkdg g ]pkc ]pkc}ak }akd} d}
8$
]pkc} ]pkc}ak akd} d} li li Nlgc Nlgcnn nn Kdmka Kdmkaog og Mowkcw Mowkcwkw kw
?$
Rply Rplyow owol old d li li Kww Kwwkd kd}o }ocn cn Mp{f Mp{fw w
Glarlwo}old li }hk ONHW 3$
0$
7$
=$
Rklrn Rklrnk k ‗ d{a`kp d{a`kp li rklrn rklrnk k ac ycp ycp ipla ipla zldk zldk }l zldk5 zldk5 omkcn omkcn hkcn hkcn}h }h mow}pog} vl{nm hcyk c rlr{nc}old wozk `k}vkkd 322.222 }l ;22.222 ilp lr}oa{a kiiogokdg cdm kiikg}oykdkww @l{d @l{dmc mcpo pokw kw ‗ gnkc gnkcpp `l{d `l{dmc mcpo pokw kw `k}v `k}vkk kkd d ONH ONHW mk}k mk}kpa paod odk k }hk }hk cggl{d cggl{d}c` }c`on ono} o} cdm pkwrld pkwrldwo` wo`on ono} o} li hkcn}h hkcn}h wkpyog wkpyogk k rplyom rplyomkpw kpw.. fklfpcrhogcn nlgc}oldw cdm cggkww }l pkikppcn icgono}okw w{gh cw mow}pog} hlwro}cnw cpk }hk {w{cn `cwog od ilpaodf }hk `l{dmcpokw Hkcn}h Hkcn}h icgono icgono}ok }okw w ‗ mow}po mow}pog} g} lp rplyodg rplyodgocn ocn hlwro hlwro}cn }cn.. d{a`kp d{a`kp li PH[ ) @HW cdm l}hkp hkcn}h wkpyogkw mkgomodf mkgomodf }l vlpe }lfk}hkp }lfk}hkp cw cd od}kfpc}km hkcn}h ww}ka Hkcn}h Hkcn}h vlpek vlpekpw pw ‗ pofh} pofh} {do} li hkcn} hkcn}h h rplyomk rplyomkpw pw ow dkkmkm dkkmkm }l mkno mknoykp ykp glarpkhkdwoyk hkcn}h wkpyogkw
W}pc}kfokw 3$
Pklpok Pklpokd}c d}c}ol }old d cdm pklpfcd pklpfcdozc ozc}ol }old d li }hk dc}old dc}oldcn cn hkcn}h hkcn}h gcpk gcpk ww}ka ww}ka (PC 6392/
0$
Kiikg} Kiikg}oyk oyk rpkrc rpkrcpc}o pc}old ld cdm kdc`n kdc`nodf odf rplgkw rplgkww w ilp hkcn}h hkcn}h cg}old cg}old c} cnn nkyknw
7$
Al`ono Al`onozc} zc}old old li }hk rklrnk rklrnk }l edlv edlv }hkop }hkop glaa{do glaa{do}ok }okw w cdm omkd}oi omkd}oiodf odf }hkop }hkop `cwog `cwog hkcn}h hkcn}h gcpk dkkmw dkkmw vo}h vo}h }hk kdm yokv yokv li rplyo rplyomod modf f crrplrpoc}k wln{}oldw nkcmodf }l wkni!pknocdgk cdm wkni mk}kpaodc}old
=$
Mkyknl Mkyknlrak rakd} d} cdm {}onozc {}onozc}ol }old d li crrplr crrplrpoc poc}k }k }kghdlnl }kghdlnlf f ilg{wod ilg{wodf f ld nlgcn nlgcn odmofk odmofkdl{ dl{w w pkwl{p pkwl{pgkw gkw cyconc cyconc`nk `nk od cdm cggkr} cggkr}c`n c`nk k }l }hk glaa{do}
;$
Lpfcd Lpfcdozc ozc}ol }old d li glaa{d glaa{do}o o}okw kw cpowodf cpowodf ipla ipla }hkop }hkop kxrpkwwk kxrpkwwkm m dkkmw dkkmw vhogh vhogh }hk hcyk mkgomkm }l cmmpkww cmmpkww cdm }hc} }how ow gld}od{cn gld}od{cnn n kylnyodf od r{pw{o} li }hkop lvd mkyknlrakd}
9$
Odgp Odgpkc kcwk wk lrrl lrrlp}{ p}{do do}o }okw kw ilp ilp glaa glaa{d {do} o} rcp}o rcp}ogo gorc rc}o }old ld od nlgc nlgcnn nkyk nkyknn rncddodf. acdcfkakd}. aldo}lpodf cdm kycn{c}old vo}hod }hk gld}kx} li pkfoldcn cdm dc}oldcn l`jkg}oykw
Rpoacp Hkcn}h Gcpk vcw cmlr}km od }hk Rhonorrodkw }hpl{fh NLO ?=? wofdkm ` Rpkw$ Acpglw ld Lg}l`kp 3?. 3?6? cdm hcw cd {dmkpnodf }hkak li „Hkcn}h od }hk hcdmw li }hk Rklrnk ` 0202‑
6$
Mkyknl Mkyknlrak rakd} d} li od}pc!wk od}pc!wkg}l g}lpcn pcn nodec nodecfkw fkw vo}h vo}h l}hkp l}hkp flykpdak flykpdakd} d} cdm rpoyc}k rpoyc}k cfkdgokw wl }hc} rplfpcaw rplfpcaw li }hk hkcn}h hkcn}h wkg}lp wkg}lp ow gnlwkn nodekm nodekm vo}h }hlwk li l}hkp wlgol!kgldla wlgol!kgldlaog og wkg}lpw c} }hk dc}oldcn. dc}oldcn. od}kpakmoc}k cdm glaa{do} nkyknw
Gldgkr} li RHG ow ghcpcg}kpozkm `5
8$
Karh Karhcw cwoz ozod odf f rcp} rcp}dk dkpw pwho hor r wl }hc} }hc} }hk }hk hkcn hkcn}h }h vlpe vlpekp kpw w cdm cdm }hk }hk glaa{do} nkcmkpw,aka`kpw yokv kcgh l}hkp cw rcp}dkpw pc}hkp }hcd akpkn rplyomkpw cdm pkgkoykp li hkcn}h gcpk pkwrkg}oykn
RPOACP_ RPOACP_ HKCN] HKCN]H H GCPK GCPK CW CD CRRPLCGH CRRPLCGH ]L MKNOYKP_ MKNOYKP_ LI HKCN]H HKCN]H GCPK WKPYOGK
RPOACP_ HKCN]H GCPK †
Kwwkd}ocn hkcn}h gcpk acmk {doykpwcnn cggkwwo`nk }l odmoyom{cnw cdm icaonokw od }hk glaa{do} ` akcdw li cggkr}c`nk }l }hka }hpl{fh }hkop i{nn rcp}ogorc}old cdm c} c glw} }hc} }hk glaa{do} cdm gl{d}p gcd ciilpm c} kykp w}cfk li mkyknlrakd}
Rpoacp hkcn}h gcpk vcw mkgncpkm m{podf }hk Iopw} Od}kpdc}oldcn Gldikpkdgk ld RHG hknm od Cnac C}c [WWP ld Wkr}ka`kp 9 ‗ 30. 3?68 ` VHL vo}h c flcn li „Hkcn}h ilp Cnn ` }hk kcp 0222‑
†
Rcp}dkpwhor cdm karlvkpakd} li }hk rklrnk ‗ whcnn rkpakc}k cw }hk glpk w}pc}kf od }hk kiikg}oyk rplyowold li kwwkd}ocn hkcn}h wkpyogkw }hc} cpk glaa{do} `cwkm. cggkwwo`nk. cggkr}c`nk cdm w{w}codc`nk c} c glw} vhogh }hk glaa{do} cdm }hk flykpdakd} gcd ciilpm
Ipcakvlpe ilp akk}odf }hk flcn li RHG
02
†
Lpfcdozc}oldcn w}pc}kf ‗ w}pc}kf ‗ gcnnw ilp cg}oyk cdm gld}od{odf rcp}dkpwhor caldf }hk glaa{do}okw. rpoyc}k cdm flykpdakd} cfkdgokw od hkcn}h mkyknlrakd} 7$
Il{p glpdkpw}ldkw,Ronncpw od RHG 3$
Cg}o Cg}oyk yk gla glaa{ a{do do} } rcp rcp}o }ogo gorc rc}o }old ld
0$
Od}pc Od}pc cdm cdm Od} Od}kp kp!w !wkg kg}l }lpc pcnn node nodecf cfkw kw
7$
[wk [wk li li crr crrpl plrp rpoc oc}k }k }kgh }kghdl dlnl nlf f
=$
W{rr W{rrlp lp}} akghc akghcdo dowa waw w acmk acmk cycon cyconc` c`nk nk
g$
Wkpykw Wkpykw cw c pkikpp pkikppcn cn gkd}k gkd}kpp ilp }hk rpoa rpoacp cp hkcn hkcn}h }h icgono icgono}ok }okw w
m$
Gcrc`n Gcrc`nk k li rkpilp rkpilpaod aodf f aodlp aodlp w{pfkp w{pfkpokw okw cdm cdm rkpil rkpilpa pa wlak wlak woarnk nc`lpc}lp kxcaodc}oldw
]kp}o kp}ocp cp Nky Nkykn kn li Gcpk Gcpk c$
Pkdm Pkdmkp kpkm km ` wrkg wrkgoc ocno now} w}w w od hkcn hkcn}h }h icgo icgono no}o }okw kw odgn odgn{m {mod odf f akmogc akmogcnn gkd}kpw gkd}kpw cw vknn vknn cw pkfold pkfoldcn cn cdm rplyod rplyodgoc gocnn hlwro}cnw cdm wrkgocnozkm hlwro}cnw
`$
Pkikpp Pkikppcn cn gkd}k gkd}kpp ilp }hk }hk wkgld wkgldmcp mcp gcpk gcpk icgono icgono}ok }okw w
]rkw li RHG vlpekpw
@y Jh{d Kghorcpk
Ycp od moiikpkd} glaa{do}okw mkrkdmodf {rld5 3$
Cycon Cyconc`n c`nk k hkcn}h hkcn}h acdrl acdrlvkp vkp pkwl{p pkwl{pgkw gkw Hkcn}h Rplfpcaw
0$
Nlgc Nlgcnn hkc hkcn} n}h h dkkm dkkmw w cdm cdm rpl rpl`n `nka kaw w
7$
Rlno} Rlno}ogc ogcnn cdm iodcdg iodcdgocn ocn ikcwo` ikcwo`ono ono} }
]vl nkyknw li RHG vlpekpw 3$
Yonn Yonncf cfk k lp @cp @cpcd cdfc fc Hkcn Hkcn}h }h Vlpe Vlpekp kpw w
0$
Od}k Od}kpa pakm kmoc oc}k }k Nkyk Nkyknn Hkcn Hkcn}h }h Vlpe Vlpekp kpw w c$
Fkdk Fkdkpc pcnn akm akmog ogcn cn rpc rpcg}o g}ogo gold ldkp kpw w
`$
RHD
g$
PWO
m$
PHA
NKYKNW LI HKCN]H GCPK CDM PKIKPPCN W_W]KA 3$
0$
Rpoa Rpoacp cp Nkyk Nkyknn li Gcpk Gcpk c$
Mkylny Mkylnykm km }l }l }hk }hk go}ok go}okw w cdm cdm a{do a{dogor gorcno cno}ok }okw w
`$
Hkcn Hkcn}h }h gcpk gcpk rplyom rplyomkm km ` }hk gkd}k gkd}kpp rhw rhwog ogoc ocdw dw.. RHD. RHD. PHA. @HV. ]@Cw cdm l}hkpw
g$
[w{cnn [w{cnn }hk iopw iopw}} rlod} rlod} li gld}c gld}cg} g} `k}vk `k}vkkd kd }hk }hk glaa{ glaa{do} do} aka`kpw cdm l}hkp nkyknw li hkcn}h icgono}
! Cmlnkwgkd} cdm _l{}h Hkcn}h cdm Mkyknlrakd} Rplfpca ! @l}oec Df @cpcdfc ! @pkcw}ikkmodf Rplfpca , Al}hkp cdm @c` Ipokdmn Hlwro}cn Odo}oc}oyk ! @nllm Mldc}old Rplfpca ! Ghonm Hkcn}h ! Moc`k}kw Aknno}{w Rpkykd}old Rplfpca ! Mkdf{k Gld}pln Rplfpca ! Mkd}cn Hkcn}h Rplfpca ! Mlg}lpw }l }hk @cppolw (M}}@/ Rplfpca ! Kakpfodf Mowkcwk Gld}pln Rplfpca ! Kdyopldakd}cn Hkcn}h ! Kxrcdmkm Rplfpca ld Oaa{dozc}old ! Icaon Rncddodf ! Illm cdm Vc}kp`lpdk Mowkcwkw Rpkykd}old cdm Gld}pln Rplfpca ! Illm Ilp}oiogc}old Rplfpca ! IL[Pa{nc Ldk ! Fcpcd}owcmldf Rca`c}c ! FAC ;2 , Rcpcnnkn Mp{f Oarlp}c}old (RMO/ ! Hkcn}h Noikw}nk Rplfpca ! Edlge!L{} ]ofmcw ! Nkrplw Gld}pln Rplfpca ! Acncpoc Gld}pln Rplfpca ! Akcwnkw Knoaodc}old Gcarcofd (Nof}cw ]ofmcw/ ! Dc}oldcn Gcpmolycwg{ncp Mowkcwk Rpkykd}old cdm Gld}pln Rplfpca ! Dc}oldcn Ioncpocwow Knoaodc}old Rplfpca ! Dc}oldcn Akd}cn Hkcn}h Rplfpca ! Dc}{pcn Icaon Rncddodf ! Dkv`lpd Wgpkkdodf ! D{}po}old ! Lgg{rc}oldcn Hkcn}h Rplfpca ! Hkcn}h Mkyknlrakd} Rplfpca ilp Lnmkp Rkpwldw (Knmkpn Hkcn}h/ ! Rkpwldw vo}h Mowc`ono}okw Rplfpca ! Rpkykd}old li @nodmdkww Rplfpca ! Pc`okw Gld}pln Rplfpca ! Wcik Al}hkphllm cdm Vlakd&w Hkcn}h ! Wghow}lwlaocwow Wghow}lwlaocwow Gld}pln Rplfpca ! Waleodf Gkwwc}old Rplfpca ! Wlon ]pcdwao}}km Hknakd}hocwow ! ]@ Gld}pln Rplfpca
Wkgl Wkgldm dmcp cp Nky Nkykn kn li Gcpk Gcpk Rpkwomkd}ocn Mkgpkk c$
Foykd Foykd ` rhw rhwogo ogocdw cdw vo}h vo}h `cwog `cwog hkcn}h hkcn}h }pco }pcodod dodf f
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mkrc mkrcp} p}ak akd} d}w w
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rply rplyod odgo gocn cn
†
Rpkwomkd}ocn Mkgpkk 883 Jcd{cp 72. 3?69 Karlvkpodf }hk Wkgpk}cp li Hkcn}h }l pkf{nc}k }hk nc`knodf. wcnk cdm mow}po`{}old li hczcpml{w w{`w}cdgkw
†
Rpkwomkd}ocn Mkgpkk Dl$ 8;9 Glmk ld Wcdo}c}old li }hk Rhonorrodkw (vo}h Oarnkakd}odf P{nkw cdm Pkf{nc}oldw/
†
Rpkwomkd}ocn Mkgpkk Dl$ ;00 Rpkwgpo`odf Wcdo}c}old Pks{opkakd}w ilp }hk Lrkpc}old li
03
Kw}c`nowhakd}w cdm Icgono}okw ilp }hk Rpl}kg}old cdm Gldykdokdgk li }hk ]pcyknnodf R{`nog †
Rpkwomkd}ocn Mkgpkk Dl$ 9;3 Pks{opodf }hk Pkfow}pc}old li @op}hw cdm Mkc}hw od }hk Rhonorrodkw vhogh lgg{pkm ipla Jcd{cp 3. 3?6= cdm }hkpkci}kp
†
Rpkwomkd}ocn Mkgpkk Dl$ ??9 Rplyomodf ilp Glar{nwlp @cwog Oaa{dozc}old ilp Odicd}w cdm ghonmpkd `knlv kofh} kcpw li cfk
†
Rpkwomkd}ocn Mkgpkk Dl$ =?8 Cakdmodf wkg}oldw }vl. }hpkk. il{p. wkykd. kofh}. knkykd. }hop}kkd. wox}kkd. wkykd}kkd. }vkd}!ldk cdm }vkd}!dodk li Pkr{`nog Cg} Dl$ ;;06. cnwl edlvd cw }hk Rhonorrodk Akmogcn ]kghdlnlf ]kghdlnlf Cg} li 3?9?
†
Rpkwomkd}ocn Mkgpkk Dl$ ?9; C Mkgpkk Pks{opodf Crrnogcd} ilp Acppocfk Nogkdwk }l Pkgkoyk Odw}p{g}oldw ld Icaon Rncddodf cdm Pkwrldwo`nk Rcpkd}hllm
†
Rpkwomkd}ocn Mkgpkk Dl$ 3973 Gpkc}odf }hk N{dwlm df Ec`c}ccd
†
Rpkwomkd}ocn Mkgpkk Dl$ 3807 Gpkc}odf }hk N{df Gkd}kp li }hk Rhonorrodkw
†
Rpkwomkd}ocn Mkgpkk Dl$ 78= Cakdmodf Pkr{`nog Cg} D{a`kpkm =267. kd}o}nkm cd Cd Cg} I{p}hkp NO`kpcnozodf }hk ]pkc}akd} li Nkrplw ` Cakdmodf cdm Pkrkcnodf gkp}cod Wkg}oldw li }hk PKyowkm Cmaodow}pc}oyk Glmk
00
