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(Attributed) Name Suavjärvi Vredefort Dome Yarrabubba
Location N 63° 7' E 33° 23' Russia S 27° 0' E 27° 30' South Africa S 27° 10' E 118° 50' Western Australia
Approximate date* 2,400,000 BCE 2,023,000 BCE 2,000,000 BCE
None yet
La Plagne, Ain département, France
150,000,000 BCE
Sudbury Great Barrier Reef None yet Chichibu Terra Amata
N 46° 36' W 81° 11' Ontario Canada Coral Sea, Queensland, North-East Australia Kami-takamori, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan Saitama Prefecture, Japan Nice, France
1,850,000 BCE 600,000 BCE 500,000 BCE 500,000 BCE 400,000 BCE
Definition Astrobleme (Diameter 16km) Astrobleme (Diameter 300km) Astrobleme (Diameter 30km) Sauropod dinosaur footprints (largest ever found, up to 1,5 metre in diameter) Astrobleme (Diameter 250km) Largest reef system (900+ islands, 2,600+km, 344,000+km²) Five and eight post holes Ten post holes Human habitation
Brewarrina
New South Wales, Australia
38,000 BCE
Fish traps
Cave of Altamira
Santillana del Mar, Cantabria, Spain
35,000 BCE
Upper paleolithic cave paintings
Grotte Chauvet (Chauvet Cave)
Vallon Pont d'Arc, Ardèche, France
30,000 BCE
Oldest cave paintings in France
Pech Merle Tsodilo Lascaux Yonaguni Damascus
Cabrerets, Lot département, Midi-Pyrénées, France Kalahari desert, Botswana Montignac, Dordogne, France Ryukyu, Japan Syria
27,000 BCE 24,000 BCE 17,000 BCE 10,000 BCE 10,000 BCE
Göbekli Tepe
15 km North-East of Şanliurfa, South-Eastern Turkey
Djade al-Mughara
Aleppo, Syria
Çatalhöyük
South-east of Konya, Turkey
Byblos Mesolithic house
Lebanon Ronaldsway, Isle of Man
Tel Meggido (Armageddon in Greek)
Near Meggido Kibbutz, Israel
The walls of Jericho
West Bank of Jericho, Palestinian Territories
Tumulus of Saint-Michael
Carnac, Brittany, France
Cairn de Barnenez Sarazm none yet
Plouezoc'h, Finistère, France Near Durman, Zarafshan Valley, Tajikistan Near Belmarsh Prison, Plumstead, Greenwich London
City of Ur
Near Tell el-Muqayyar, Dhi Qar governorate, Iraq
Post track West Kennet Long Barrow Ggantija Céide Fields Gavrinis Knap of Howar Carrowkeel Hal Saflieni Carnac alignments Ancient Thebes (city of the 100 gates) Skara Brae Dowth / Knowth / Newgrange Stonehenge Niedertiefenbach tomb Züschen tomb Mont Bego (Vallée des Merveilles)
Somerset Levels and Moors, England Avebury, Wiltshire, England Gozo, Malta Co. Mayo, Ireland Island of Gavrinis, Larmor-Baden, Brittany, France Papa Westray, Orkney Islands, Scotland Lough Arrow, Co. Sligo, Ireland Hal Saflieni, Malta Ménec, Kermario, Kerlescan, Brittany, France Governorate of Qina, Egypt Bay of Skail, Mainland, Orkney Islands, Scotland Bru Na Boinne, Ireland Amesbury, England Near Beselich-Niedertiefenbach, Hesse, Germany Near Fritzlar, Hesse, Germany Roya valley, Mercantour Park, South-East of France
Varanasi / Benares / Kashi ('City of Varanasi district, Uttar Pradesh, India Lights' in the Rigveda) Prometheus
Wheeler Peak, Nevada Park, USA
UNESCO Reference or Internet reference http://www.unb.ca/passc/ImpactDatabase/Age.html http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/1162 http://www.unb.ca/passc/ImpactDatabase/Age.html http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/10/091009132928.htm
http://www.unb.ca/passc/ImpactDatabase/Age.html http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/154 http://www.athenapub.com/japhoax.htm http://news.bBCE.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/662794.stm http://www.prehistoirepaca.com/guide.asp?id_guide=8 Current UNESCO application http://www.environment.gov.au/heritage/places/national/brewarrina/information.htm http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/310 http://www.culture.gouv.fr/culture/arcnat/chauvet/fr/ English and Spanish versions also available http://www.pechmerle.com/ http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1021 http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/85 http://www.morien-institute.org/yonaguni.html http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/20 http://globalheritagefund.org/what_we_do/overview/current_projects/gobekli_tepe http://globalheritagefund.org/images/uploads/projects/GHFGobekliTepeTurkey.pdf http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSOWE14539320071011 http://globalheritagefund.org/what_we_do/overview/completed_projects/catalhoyu http://globalheritagefund.org/images/uploads/projects/catal_2pager.pdf http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/295 http://forums.canadiancontent.net/history/86097-9-000-years-old-uks.html
Upper paleolithic cave paintings 4,500+ rock paintings (including the « Whale » painting) Paleolithic cave paintings Pyramidal structure Oldest continuously inhabited city Oldest temple (local communities seem to have gathered there 9,000 BCE to perform rites) 9,000 BCE Wall painting One of the world's earliest cities; mural art; world's oldest map 7,500 BCE (painting of the village) and Seated Woman clay figurine 7,000 BCE One of the oldest cities 7,000 BCE Hunter-gatherer's house Western post of a trade route between Egypt and Assyria. Tell http://www.parks.org.il/BuildaGate5/general2/data_card.php?Cat=~25~~5849026 7,000 BCE to 586 BCE (26 layers!) Numerous remains. Mentioned in the Book of http://www.bibleplaces.com/megiddo.htm Revelation. Site of several historical battles, 6,800 BCE Fortifications (and lowest city in the world -240 meters) http://198.62.75.1/www1/ofm/mad/discussion/012discuss.html 5,000 BCE – 3,400 Stone and earth tumulus http://www.carnac.ouest-atlantis.com/tumulus.html BCE 4,850 BCE Cairn http://barnenez.monuments-nationaux.fr/#details 4,000 BCE Proto-city, largest metallurgical center of Central Asia http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/1141 4,000 BCE Ancient timber trackway http://www.physorg.com/news169297178.html Major city-state in Sumer, birthplace of Abraham. Home to the http://globalheritagefund.org/what_we_do/overview/current_projects/ur_iraq Circa 4,000 BCE Great Ziggurat http://globalheritagefund.org/images/uploads/projects/ur_2pager.pdf 3,838 BCE Ancient trackway of long ash planks, lime and hazel posts http://heritage-key.com/category/tags/somerset-levels 3,600 BCE Neolithic chambered long barrow (tomb) http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/373 3,600 BCE South temple http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/132 3,500 BCE Oldest field system http://www.museumsofmayo.com/ceide.htm 3,500 BCE Megalithic passage tomb with Neolithic stone art http://www.sagemor.com/gavrinis.html 3,500 BCE Neolithic farmstead http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/514 3,400 BCE Cemetery http://www.megalithicireland.com/Carrowkeel%20home.htm 3,300 BCE Hypogeum http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/130 3,300 BCE 3,000+ standing stones http://carnac.monuments-nationaux.fr/ 3,200 BCE Ancient capital of Egypt (Middle and New Kingdoms) http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/87 3,180 BCE Most complete European Neolithic village http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/514 3,100 – 3,000 BCE Passage tomb http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/659 3,100 – 3,000 BCE Circular stone enclosure http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/373 3,000 BCE + Late Neolithic Wartberg gallery grave http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niedertiefenbach_%28megalithic_tomb%29 3,000 BCE + Late Neolithic Wartberg gallery grave and stone carvings http://www.uni-muenster.de/UrFruehGeschichte/forschen/galeriegraeber.html 3,000 BCE + 40,500 petroglyphs (rock engravings) http://www.vesubian.com/sites/loisirs/valleedesmerveilles.htm Can't get a reliable One of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world “Benares is older than history, older than tradition, older even than source. Could have (oldest in India). Gautama Buddha gave his first sermon there. legend, and looks twice as old as all of them put together.” Mark been founded as early Hindu, Buddhist and Jain holy city. So many other things to say Twain. http://www.varanasicity.com/index.html as 3,000 BCE check the link. Great Basin Bristlecone Pine (Pinus Longaeva). Oldest living 2850 BCE http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_oldest_trees#Clonal_trees tree, but was cut down in 1964
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Methuselah
Wheeler Peak, Nevada Park, USA
2831 BCE
Djoser Great Pyramid of Giza (Cheops) Harappa Great Sphinx of Giza none yet Ring of Brodgar, Stones of Stenness Chanqillo (Thirteen towers) Knossos Palace
Saqqarah, Egypt El Giza, Egypt Harappa, Punjab, Pakistan Giza plateau, Egypt Farmana, 60 km New Delhi, India Mainland, Orkney Islands, Scotland Casma-Sechin Oasis, Ancash department, Peru Near Heraklion, Crete
2667–2648 BCE 2,650 BCE 2,600 BCE 2558–2532 BCE 2,500 BCE 2500 – 2000 BCE 2,100 BCE 1,900 BCE
Cerro Sechin
Casma valley, Peru
1,700 BCE
Luxor Governorate, Egypt
1,539 BCE
Theban necropolis Chavín de Huántar Uffington White Horse Karnak temple complex Abu Simble temples Petra Carthage
250 km North of Lima, Peru ; 3,180 meters above sea-level 1,500 BCE
Great Basin Bristlecone Pine (Pinus Longaeva). Currently the http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methuselah_(tree) oldest living tree Mortuary complex http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyramid_of_Djoser http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/86 Tomb for the 4th dynasty Pharaoh Cheops (Kufu) Bronze Age fortified city http://www.harappa.com/ Couchant sphinx (oldest known monumental statue) http://www.guardians.net/egypt/sphinx/ Largest Harappan cemetery (73 burials so far) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farmana Neothilic henge and stone circle http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/514 Archeoastronomical site, ancient solar observatory http://agutie.homestead.com/files/incas/chankillo_solar_observatory.html Minoan palace complex and labyrinth http://www.ancient-greece.org/archaeology/knossos.html Megalithic complex (algricultural cities) with stone engravings/sculptures depicting scenes of warfare, gruesome http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/cerr_1/hd_cerr_1.htm raids and sacrifices Royal burial site (Valley of the Kings/Queens) http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/87/ Ceremonial site later occupied by the Chavín (pre-Inca culture)
http://globalheritagefund.org/what_we_do/overview/current_projects/chavin_de_h
Prehistoric hill figure (trenches filled with crushed white chalk) Largest ancient religious site Twin rock temples Rock-hewn city Ancient capital of the Phoenician world (« the shining city ») One of the main cities in the Ancient Greek world, copied on Delphi. Most important Greek site outside Greece Earliest and largest pre-classical Maya archeological site in Mesoamerica. Includes the largest pyramid in the world (by volume); called 'La Danta' Lines and Geoglyphs Rock fortress Temple complex Series of grottoes with Buddhist sculptures Rock-hewn chambers Pre-Columbian complex. Spiritual and political center (one of the most important precursors to the Inca empire) Around 5000 petroglyphs (rock engravings) (many animals depicted, « regular » ones, like kudus etc. and others like sea lions, penguins and possibly flamingos) Ancient capital of the Kingdom of Pergamon Terracotta sculptures of Qin Shi Huang, China's 1 st Emperor Stone and earthen fortifications Caves with Buddhist frescoes and sculptures Rock-hewn Buddhist vihara (monastery) Remnant of the wall that surrounded the Jewish Temple (Herod the great built it) Cube-shaped building, most sacred site in Islam 127 granite blocks
http://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/main/w-chl/w-countryside_environment/w-archaeo http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/87/ http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/88 http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/326 http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/37 http://globalheritagefund.org/what_we_do/overview/current_projects/cyrene_libya http://globalheritagefund.org/images/uploads/projects/cyrene_2pager.pdf
White horse hill, near Faringdon, Oxfordshire, England Near Luxor, Luxor Governorate Egypt Western bank of Lake Nasser, Nubia Ma'an Governorate, Jordan Outside Tunis, Tunisia
1,400 BCE 1,391 BCE 1244 BCE 1,200 BCE 814 BCE
Cyrene
Outside Shahhat, Lybia
631 BCE
El Mirador
About 80km North of Flores, Capital city of El Petén department, Guatemala
Circa 600 BCE
Nasca Sigiriya Acropolis of Athens Bingling Temple Barabar Caves
Nasca and Pampas de Jumana Matale Distric, Sri Lanka Athens, Greece Along the Yellow River, Yongjing county, Gansu, China Jehanabad Disctric, Bihar, India
500 BCE – 500 CE 477 – 495 BCE 460-430 BCE 420 BCE 322–185 BCE
Tiwanaku
Near Lake Titicaca, La Paz departement, Bolivia
300 BCE – 300 AD
Twyfelfontein
Huab Valley, Mount Etjo, Kunene region (ex-Damaraland), 300 BCE – 0 Namibia
Pergamon The Terracotta army The Great Wall of China Ajanta Caves Kanheri Caves
Bergama, Mysia, Turkey Xi'an, Shaanxi, China From Shanhaiguan to Lop Nur, China Ajintha, Maharashtra, India North of Borivali, Mumbai, India
281 BCE 246-210 BCE 220 BCE 200 BCE 100 BCE – 800
Western wall (Wailing wall)
Old City of Jerusalem, Israel
19 BCE
The kaaba The 'Amazon Stonehenge'
Grand Mosque, Mecca, Saudi Arabia Calçoene, Amapa state, Brazil
500 BCE 0 BCE ?
Marcahuamachuco
Northern highlands of La Libertad, 3h ½ from Trujillo, Peru 4th Century CE
Major regional center in the Andean Early Middle Horizon period (300–700 CE) Perhaps the seat of a ceremonial oracle, as well http://globalheritagefund.org/what_we_do/overview/current_projects/marcahuama as a religious and political center (burial site in its later stages)
My Son
70 km South of Da Nang, Quang Nam province, Vietnam
4th Century CE
Hindu temples complex. Last vestige of the Champa kingdom. http://globalheritagefund.org/what_we_do/maps/completed_projects/my_son_viet Extremely detailed carved brickwork and stonework.
Circa 360 CE
Probably the oldest Christian building in France.
Somewhere in the 4th Century CE
Controlled in turn by Urartians, Persians, Armenians, Byzantines, Seljuk Turks, the Ottoman Empire, Imperial Russia http://globalheritagefund.org/what_we_do/overview/completed_projects/kars_turk and the Turkish Republic. Tetraconchial Church of the Apostles (930 CE), Citadel, hammams.
Baptistère Saint-Jean (Baptistery of St Poitiers, Vienne department, France John) Kars Ancient City
Kars province, Eastern Anatolia, Turkey, about 20 km to Armenia
Abbaye de Lérins (Lérins Abbey)
Island of Saint-Honorat, Lérins island group, near Cannes, 400-410 CE Alpes-Maritimes department, France
Wat Phu
South of Champasak, extreme South of Laos
th
Mid-5 Century CE
http://globalheritagefund.org/what_we_do/overview/current_projects/mirador_gua http://globalheritagefund.org/images/uploads/projects/mirador_2pager.pdf http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/700 http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/202 http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/404 http://english.cri.cn/725/2005/12/05/
[email protected] http://www.buddhist-temples.com/bihar/barabar-hills.html http://whc.unesco.org/pg.cfm?cid=31&id_site=567 http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1255/ http://www.berlin-en-ligne.com/archeo_pergame.php http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/441 http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/438 http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/242 http://www.mumbai.org.uk/kanheri-caves.html http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/148 http://islam.about.com/od/mecca/p/kaaba.htm http://news.bBCE.co.uk/2/hi/world/americas/4767717.stm
http://www.ot-poitiers.fr/home/decouvrir/centre-historique/baptistere.aspx
Oldest abbey in France
http://www.abbayedelerins.com/
Sacred temple complex of the Khmer Kings. One of the largest archaeological sites in Laos
http://globalheritagefund.org/what_we_do/overview/current_projects/wat_phu_lao
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Foguang Temple
5 km from Doucun, Wutai county, Shanxi province, China
Circa 471-499 CE
Batu Gajah (Elephant stone)
Palembang and Pasemah plateau, Indonesia
500 CE
The Two Buddhas of Bamiyan
Bamiyan valley, Hazarajat, Afghanistan
507, 554 CE
Clonmacnoise (Cluain Mhic Nóis South of Athlone, County Offaly, Ireland 'Meadow of the sons of Nós' in Irish)
545 or 548 CE
Badami Cave temples
Badami, Karnataka, India
600-700 CE
A-Masjid al-Nabawi
Medina, Hejaz Region, Saudi Arabia
622 CE
Masjid al-Haram
Mecca, Saudi Arabia
638 CE
Izborsk Fortress
Novgorod, Pskov, Russia
7th Century CE
Leshan Giant Buddha Somapura Mahavihara
Near Leshan, Sichuan, China Paharpur, Naogaon, Bangladesh 3-day trek from Santa Marta (Capital city of the Magdalena department), Colombia Atacama desert, Chile Chhatarpur district, Madhya Pradesh, India
713 CE 781-821 CE
Ciudad Perdida
800 CE
Atacama Giant 900 CE Khajuraho 950-1050 CE Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Verdun Meuse department, Lorraine region, France 990 CE (Verdun Cathedral) Church of St George Lalibela, Amhara region, Ethiopia Early 12th Century CE Angkor Wat Angkor, Cambodia Early 12th Century CE Moai Rapa Nui (Easter Island), Chile, SE Pacific Ocean 1,250 – 1,500 CE Southwestern Fujian province. Mostly located in the mountainous regions of Longyan City and Zhangzhou City, 12th to 20th Century CE Fujian Tulous China
Built during Tang Dynasty (7 th-10th Century CE). Peak of Chinese Buddhist art and architecture. Grand East Hall (857 CE) is the http://globalheritagefund.org/what_we_do/overview/completed_projects/foguang_ 3rd earliest timber structure of ancient China http://sains.kompas.com/read/2009/03/10/13182222/Di.Pasemah..Batu.Gajah.Ku Megalithic statue http://indahnesia.com/indonesia/SSEPAS/pasemah.php Monumental standing Buddhas (destroyed) http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/208 Monastery, temples, castle, Cross of the Scriptures (Presence of petrosomatoglyphs (image of parts of a human or animal body http://www.heritageireland.ie/en/MidlandsEastCoast/Clonmacnoise/ incised in rock)) Rock-hewn temples http://www.protomatter.com/india/pictures/badami/badami/index.html 2nd largest mosque and burial place of Islamic Prophet http://www.sacred-destinations.com/saudi-arabia/medina-prophets-mosque Muhammad Largest mosque in the world http://archnet.org/library/sites/one-site.jsp?site_id=8803 One of the most ancient fortification monuments in Russia. http://globalheritagefund.org/what_we_do/overview/completed_projects/izborsk_r Distinctive of Pskov architecture and of the local art school. Largest carved stone Buddha in the world http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/779 Buddhist vihara (monastery) http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/322 Ancient city (accessible only via a 1,600 step stone stairs, http://globalheritagefund.org/what_we_do/overview/current_projects/ciudad_perdi composed of 169 stone terraces and plazas) http://off2colombia.com/lost-city Anthropomorphic geoglyph http://www.hows.org.uk/personal/hillfigs/foreign/chile/atacama.htm Medieval Hindu and Jain temples http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/240 Oldest cathedral in France
http://www.cathedrale-verdun.com.fr/
Orchha
Rock-hewn church http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/18 Hindu Temple complex http://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/668 Monolithic human figures http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/715 “tulou” means “earthen building”. About 3000 tulou located in Fujian province. Polychrome paintings, clay sculptures, and http://globalheritagefund.org/what_we_do/overview/current_projects/fujian_tulou woodcarvings, door and window panels, and walls and roof tiles Last Capital city of the Khmer empire. Central to the city is the Not 2 km from Angkor Wat, Cambodia http://www.art-and-archaeology.com/seasia/angkorthom/angkorthom.html Late 12th Century CE Bayon (State temple) Temple complex, also home to the enigmatic Khmer faceth Thma Puok district, Banteay Meanchey province, Late 12 Century CE, towers. Looters still ravage this site, stealing 4 of the last 6 http://globalheritagefund.org/what_we_do/overview/current_projects/banteay_chh Northwest Cambodia Early 13th Century CE remaining avalokiteśvara One of the last surviving ancient towns in China. Prominent town along the Ancient Tea and Horse Caravan Road, a.k.a “Silk Lijiang Naxizu county, Yunnan, China http://globalheritagefund.org/what_we_do/overview/completed_projects/lijiang_ch 13th Century CE Road”. Survived intact for more than 1,000 years with over 4,000 native families living within its Core and Protected Areas. Once the capital of the Vijayanagara Kingdom. 15th Century Chandramauleshwar Temple. Located in the unique natural http://globalheritagefund.org/what_we_do/overview/current_projects/hampi_india Vijayanagar, Karnataka, South of India 1336 CE landscape of Tungabhadra, famous for its watershed and http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/241 boulders First banking capital of China. Intact, classic Han Chinese city. Easy to reach from Taiyuan, the provincial capital of Circa 1370 CE Around 4,000 courtyard buildings, numerous historic sites (city http://globalheritagefund.org/what_we_do/overview/current_projects/pingyao_chin Shanxi, China wall), temples and institutions (China’s first bank, Rishengchang) 80 km North-West of Cusco in the Urubamba Valley ; 2,430 http://whc.unesco.org/pg.cfm?cid=31&id_site=274 1,400 CE Probably built for Inca Emperor Pachacuti meters above sea-level http://www.mp360.com/index_eng.php 1501 CE Tikamgarh district, Madhya Pradesh, India
Taj Mahal
Agra, Agra district, Uttar Pradesh, India
Angkor Thom Banteay Chhmar (Lit. 'The Citadel of the Cats') Lijiang Ancient Town
Hampi
Pingyao Ancient City Machu Picchu
1631-1648 CE
Mausoleum of white marble built by order of the Mughal emperor http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/252 Shah Jahan in memory of his favourite wife, Mumtaz Mahal.
Candelabro de Paracas Paracas Peninsula, Peru Geoglyph (by José de San Martín ?) http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candelabro_de_Paracas 18th Century CE ? * Let me clarify a bit. BCEE: Before the Christian/Current Era (BCE can work too); AD (Anno Domini – Year of the Lord) = CE (Common Era, Current Era, Christian Era). Watch out: e.g. AD 250 but 250 CE. Intiwatana
© Copyright Rodolphe Blet 2010-2012
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