Chemistry.2HQ

IB Chemistry – HL Topic 2 Questions 1.

What is the electron configuration for an atom with Z = 22? 2

2

6

2

6

4

2

2

6

2

6

2

2

2

2

6

2

6

2

2

2

2

6

2

6

2

2

A.

1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d

B.

1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 4p

.

1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d 4p

!.

1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d

(Total 1 mark)

2.

What is the total num"er of p or"itals containing one or more electrons in germanium #atomic num"er 32$? A.

2

B.

3

.

%

!.

& (Total 1 mark)

3.

'ow man( electrons are there in all the d or"itals in an atom of )enon? A.

1*

B.

1&

.

2*

!.

36 (Total 1 mark)

4.

Which is correct a"out the element tin #+n$ #Z = %*$?  ,um"er of main energ( le-els containing electrons

 ,um"er of electrons in highest main energ( le-el

A.

4

4

B.

4

14

.

%

4

!.

%

14 (Total 1 mark)

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5.

What is the total num"er of electrons in p or"itals in an at om of iodine? A.

%

B.



.

1

!.

23 (Total 1 mark)

6.

20



A transition metal ion /  has the electronic configuration Ar3d . What is the atomic num"er of the element? A.

2

B.

2&

.

2

!.

3* (Total 1 mark)

7.

'ow man( or"itals are there in the n = 3 le-el of an atom? A.

3

B.

%

.



!.

 (Total 1 mark)

8.

What is the electron configuration for the copper#$ ion5 # Z  = 2$? 2



1

1*

1



A.

Ar4s 3d

B.

Ar4s 3d

.

Ar4s 3d

!.

Ar3d

1*

(Total 1 mark)

#i$

9.

+tate the full electron configuration for argon.

 (1)

#ii$

7i-e the formulas of  two oppositel( charged ions which ha-e the same electron configuration as argon.  (2) (Total 3 marks)

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#a$ 8se the Auf"au principle to write the electron configuration of an atom of germanium.

10.

................................................................................................................................... (1)

#"$

9he successi-e ioni:ation energies of germanium are shown in the following ta"le;

st 1

2nd oni:ation energ( <  1

> mol #i$

3rd 6*

4th 1%4*

% 33**

th 43*

&%*

dentif( the su"@le-el from which the electron is remo-ed when the first ioni:ation energ( of germanium is measured. ......................................................................................................................... (1)

#ii$

Write an euation5 including state s(m"ols5 for the process occurring when measuring the second ioni:ation energ( of germanium. ......................................................................................................................... (1)

#iii$

)plain wh( the difference "etween the 4th and %th ioni:ation energies is much greater than the difference "etween an( two other successi-e -alues. ......................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................... (2) (Total 5 marks)

#i$

11.

)plain wh( successi-e ioni:ation energies of an element increase.

................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... (1)

#ii$

)plain how successi-e ioni:ation energies account for the e)istence of three main energ( le-els in the sodium atom. ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................

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................................................................................................................................... (3) (Total 4 marks)

IB Chemistry – HL Topic 2 Answers 1.

! [1]

2.

! [1]

3.

 [1]

4.

 [1]

5.

! [1]

6.

 [1]

7.

! [1]

8.

! [1]

#i$

9.

2

2

6

2

6

1s 2s 2p 3s 3p C

1 2

6

 Do not accept [Ne] 3s 3p or 25 &5 &. #ii$

0

D  <a

20

30

40

<+c <9i C

   2  3 

l <+
#a$ 1

10.

2

2

6

2

6

2

1*

2

2

1*

2

1s  2s 2p 3s 3p  4s 3d 4p <Ar 4s 3d  4p C 2

10

 Do not penalize for interchanging 4s and 3d  . #"$

#i$ #ii$

#4$pC 1 0

20

−

7e #g$ → 7e #g$ 0 e C 1 − 

 Do not penalize for e g!.  Accept loss of electron on "#$. #iii$

%th electron remo-ed from energ( le-el closer to nucleus<%th electron remo-ed from 3rd energ( le-el and 4th electron from 4th energ( le-el<%&''( C attraction "( nucleus or protons greater #for electrons closer to nucleus$<%&''( C 2 [5]

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#i$ same nuclear charge5 fewer electrons #thus more energ( reuired to remo-e successi-e electrons$
11.

#ii$

large increases in  when 2nd and 1*th electron remo-edC thus5 1st electron further from nucleus than 2nd electronC and th electron further from nucleus than 1*th electronC large increases indicate changes in main energ( le-els< %&''( C OR 

outermost<3p electron has low  "ecause it is far
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