Name of Polya tomic Ion
F or orm ul ula
Ch ar arg e
Name
Symbol
Possible Charges (-ous) (-ic)
Iron
Fe (ferr-)
+2 or +3
Copper
Cu (cupr-)
+ or +2
Acetate
CH2COOH-
-1
Amide
NH21-
-1
Ammonium
NH4+
+1
Tin
Sn (stann-)
+2 or +4
Arsenate
AsO43-
-3
Lead
Pb (plumb-)
+2 or +4
3
Bicarbonate
HCO
-1
Mercury
Hg (mercur-)
Borate
BO33-
-3
Nickel
Ni (nickel-)
3
-1
Gold
Au (aur-)
+1 or +3
Cobalt
Co (cobalt-)
+2 or +3
Bromate
BrO 22
C ,C
Carbonate
CO32-
-2
Chlorate
ClO3-
-1
Antimony
Sb (antimon-)
+3 or +5
Mn (mangan-)
+3 or +4
Cr (chrom-)
+2 or +3
Chromate
CrO42-
-2
Manganese
Cyanate
OCN-
-1
Chromium
CN
-
-1
27
Exceptions
-2
NO3-, ClO4-
soluble
none
OH-
-1
3
-1
K +, Na+, Li+, Rb+, Cs+, Fr +, NH4+
soluble
none
Cl – , Br -, I+
soluble
except Ag+, Hg22+, *Pb2+, Tl+, Hg2+, Cu+
SO42-
soluble
except Ca2+, Ba2+, Sr 2+, Ra2+, Pb2+, Ag+
insoluble
except Group IA, IIA and NH4+
-2
Disulphide
S22-
Hydroxide Iodate
IO
Manganate
MnO42-
-2
Nitrate
NO3-
-1
Oxalate
(COO)22-
-2
Ozonide
O
13
-1
Permaganate
MnO4-
-1
Peroxide
O22-
-2
Phosphate
PO43-
-3
47
-4
Selenate
SeO42-
-2
Silicate
SiO4-4
-4
Sulfate
SO42-
-2
Pyrophosphate
P 2O
O 21-
-1
Tellurate
TeO42-
-2
Tungstate
WO42-
-2
Superoxide
S
2-
PO43-, BO33-, CrO42-, CO32-, SO32+ 4
NH
C2H3O21-
insoluble insolu insoluble ble soluble soluble
4 5
Activity Series
7
Li (most reactive) Rb K Cs Ba Sr Ca Na Mg Al Mn Zn Cr Fe Cd Co Ni Sn Pb H Cu Ag Hg Au Pt (least reactive)
8 9 10
Activity Series of Halogens
+
OH –
3
6
1 atm = 101.325 kPa = 1.01325 bar = 760 mmHg = 760 torr = 14.7 psi 0 K = -273.15°C = - 459.6°fahrenheit
Solubility
Cr2 O
2
hexaheptaoctanonadeca-
Conversions
Ion
Dichromate
1
+ or +2 +2 or +3
4-
Carbide
Cyanide
monoditritetrapenta-
Flame Test Important Numbers
2+
except Group IA, Tl , Ba , Sr 2+, NH4+ except except Group Group IA and and NH4+ None Ag+
F (most reactive) Cl Br I (least)
1 mol = 6.022 141 99 x 10 23 kPa L Gas const = 8.314472 mol K • •
= 0.082058 = 62.3637
atm•L mol•K
mmHg L mol K •
•
1 mol of gas = 22.414 L at STP 1 mol of gas = 24.8 L at SATP SATP is 25°C, 100 kPa STP is 0°C, 101.325 kPa
Ion
colour of flame
H+
colourless
Li+
bright red
Na+
yellow
+
K
violet
Ca2+
yellow-red
Sr 2+
bright red
Ba2+
yellow-green
2+
Cu
blue (bonded to a halogen)
Cu2+
green (bonded to other)
