CRITICAL REGIONALISM CHARLES CORREA AN INDIAN ARCHITECT
CONTENTS
R.K A T H I R V E L F I N A L Y E A R PMU THANJAVUR
B.ARCH 2011 - 2016 SAP
INTRODUCTION
02
CHARLES CORREA - PRINCIPLES ANALYSIS WITH EAMPLES CONCLUSION
03 0!-10 11
INTRODUCTION
CRITICAL REGIONALISM
2"CRITICAL REGIONALISM
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The term critical regionalism was first used by Alexander Tzonis and Liane Lefaivre and later more famously by Kenneth Frampton . There no critical regionalism without regions. It is an approach to architecture that strives to counter the placelessness and lac of meaning in !odern Architecture by using contextual forces to give a sense of place and meaning.
L IS T O F C RI T IC AL R E GI ON AL IS T A RC HI TE CT S
"harles "orrea Tado ando Alvar Aalto #eoffrey $awa !ario $otta %a& %ewal #len !urcut
"orrea
Al v a r Aa l t o
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Ta d o An d o
CHARLES CORREA - PRINCIPLES
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3"CRITICAL REGIONALISM
$'4+;.# "harles "orrea is an influential architect' urban planner' activist and theoretician credited for the creation of modern architecture in post(Independence
.
India
"harles "orrea' considered one of India)s greatest architects' is celebrated for his post(war wor in India in which he connects modernism with local traditions .
AWARDS •
%I$A %oyal #old !edal * +,-.
•
/adma 0ibhushan 123345 and /adma 6hri 1+,725.
•
/raemium Imperiale 1+,,5
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7th Aga Khan Award for Architecture for !adhya /radesh Legislative Assembly 1+,,-5
•
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Austrian 8ecoration for 6cience and Art 123395 :is acclaimed design for !c#overn Institute for $rain %esearch at !IT was dedicated recently
PRINCIPLES
Traditional planning concepts Designing to context 6ite responsive "limate responsive
!aterial
Open to sy space; Living with exterior
!"CRITICAL REGIONALISM
ANALYSIS - TRADITIONAL ONCEPTS
PLANNING
C
V ASTU P U RU SHA MAND ALA The :indu philosophy was among the first to relate the human figure as the basis of a system of proportion. The Vastupurashamandala is derived from three separate words each having a specific meaning where vastu refers to physical environment' purusha refers to energy' power or cosmic being' and mandala is the diagram or chart.
0astu chart
M OD EL O F CO SM OS The stupa at 6anchi is one of the most perfect examples extant in Indian architecture as a model of the cosmos. Its very form symbolises !ount !eru'the sacred mountain.
@"CRITICAL REGIONALISM
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NALYSIS -
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DESIGNING TO CONTE
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S I T E T O P O G R A P H Y
The site for this art centre is on a gently sloping hill overlooing the lae in $hopal. The natural contours of the site has been used to create series of terrace gardens and sunken courtyards .
M AX IM UM A DV AN TA GE F RO M S IT E
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6"CRITICAL REGIONALISM
ANALYSIS - CLIMATE RESPONSIVE
T UB E H OU SE Tube house concept was designed for areas where the climate is hot dry. $ased on this concept charles correa designed several residence in Ahmadabad.
T UB E H OU SE - KE Y C ON CE PT =arrow plan "ross ventilation 6loping roofs;0ents /rotecting inner volume from sun1proper shading5 /roper shading "ourtyards
P A R E K H H O U S E A H M E D A B A D.
"CRITICAL REGIONALISM
ANALYSIS - CLIMATE RESPONSIVE
COURTYARDS Introducing courtyards into building is considered as a spiritual act according to :indu religion in India. "ourtyard is considered as $rama 1:indu #od5 . "ourtyards bring Sun , Air & Light into the building. /rovides proper ventilation and is suitable for hot dry' warm humid climates to eep the home comfortable without any air conditioners. "ourtyards are almost inevitable from "harles correa wors.
CABLENAGAR TOWNSHIP
ASSEMBLY BUILDING L A K EN DR A
JAWAHARKA
"CRITICAL REGIONALISM
ANALYSIS - MATERIALS GHANDHI ASHRAM-AHMEDABAD !aximum uses locally available materials t great extent. The modular simplicity o the structure is continued in the use of basic materials stone floors' bric walls' wooden doors' louvered window devoid of glass and tiled roof.
J A W A H A R K A L A K E N D R A - J A I P U R The external walls of the building are in red Agra sand stone topped by a coping of beige 8holpur stone. >n the external surface' the presence of each of planets is expressed by its traditional symbols inlaid in white marble.
"CRITICAL REGIONALISM
OPEN TO SKY SPACE /LIVING WITH EXT ERIOR #I, I,*/ &( <; 7+$8$,*4; (&(* $+ +(4&/$,/7 &$ '/4& 8$+) ,* &$ $7(, 7(. F$+ /, %+) 4/)&( &( '(& 74( &$ '( /, &( 4&( ((,/,: ,* /, &( (+4; )$+,/,: / $&*$$+ ,*(+ &( $7(, <;. S 7( ( , /,,/&( ,)'(+ $8 +/&/$, $,( &(7 $& $8 +$$). . . /,&$ (+,*. . . A,* &(,( $, &$ &(++( 8+$) %/ $,( 7+$((* &$ , $7(, $+&;+* 7(+7 *(* '; &+(( . . . $+ '; 4+:( 7(+:$4 $(+(*. A& ( )$)(,& '&4( ,:( /, &( =4/&; $8 4/:& ,* )'/(,& /+ :(,(+&( 8((4/,: %/&/, 8((4/,: %/ +( (,&+4 &$ $+ '(/,:.#
E LE ME NT S F OU ND I N C OR RE A' S W OR KS "ourtyards 8eep open terrace 1shaded by tree or pergola5 Light shaft
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K H A NC H AN J UN G A A P A RT M EN T - M U MB A I
CONCLUSION
"orrea)s wors shows how buildings should be designed to the context without maximum involvement of international style in the building. :e may have left us but his wors will stay forever. An Indian architect for a reason.
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