Chapter 11: 11: Sugars and Polysaccharides Matching
A)
eight
B)
deoxy
C)
peptidoglycan
D)
axial
E)
anomers
F)
two
G)
lactose
H)
glyceraldehyde
I)
amylopectin
J)
epimers
K)
sixteen
)
glycogen
!)
e"#atorial
$% Gl#cose& with its 'o#r 'o#r chiral car(ons& has possi(le stereoisomers% Ans* K e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-1. Monosaccharides -% .he smallest smallest aldose is % Ans* H e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-1. Monosaccharides /% .he monosaccharides α0D0galactose and β0D0galactose are % Ans* E
e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-1. Monosaccharides 1% B#l2y ring s#(stit#ents pre'erentially occ#py positions in the chair con'ormation% Ans* ! e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-1. Monosaccharides
3% .he s#gars are monosaccharides in which a hydroxyl gro#p is replaced with a hydrogen% Ans* B e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-1. Monosaccharides
4% .he disaccharide commonly 'o#nd in dairy prod#cts is % Ans* G e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-2. Polysaccharides
5% Both α6$→1) and α6$→4) (onds can (e 'o#nd in the plant prod#ct% Ans* I e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-2. Polysaccharides
7% .he main component o' a (acterial cell wall is a % Ans* C e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-3. Glycoproteins 8% An example o' a homopolysaccharide in li+er and m#scle is % Ans* e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-2. Polysaccharides
Multiple Choice
$9% At e"#ili(ri#m in sol#tion& D0gl#cose consists o' a mixt#re o' its anomers% :hich statement most acc#rately descri(es the sol#tion; A) .he sol#tion consists o' approximately e"#al amo#nts o' the α0 and β0anomers% B) .he straight0chain 'orm is present in high concentration% C) .he α0anomer is more sta(le and is slightly pre'erred o+er the β0anomer% D) .he β0anomer predominates o+er the α0anomer (y a ratio o' approximately -*$% E)
$$% :hich o' the 'ollowing s#gars is not a red#cing s#gar; A) gl#cose B) ri(ose C) s#crose D) starch E) galactose Ans* C e+el o' Di''ic#lty* !oderate ,ection* 11-2. Polysaccharides
$-% How many stereoisomers are possi(le 'or an aldopentose s#ch as ri(ose; A) B) 1 C) 7 D) $4 E) /Ans* C e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-1. Monosaccharides $/% How many stereoisomers are possi(le 'or a 2etopentose s#ch as ri(#lose; A) B) 1 C) 7 D) $4 E) /Ans* B e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy Section: 11-1. Monosaccharides
========================================================= .he 'ig#re (elow is #sed in "#estions $10$4*
$1% :hich o' the s#gars shown in the 'ig#re are s#gars; A) A and B B) B and C C) C and D D) A and D E)
$3% :hich s#gar is the enantiomer o' s#gar A; A) B
B) C) D) E)
C D B and D none o' the a(o+e
Ans* C e+el o' Di''ic#lty* !oderate ,ection* 11-1. Monosaccharides
$4% :hich two s#gars shown in the 'ig#re are epimers; A) A and B B) B and C C) C and D D) A and D E)
$5% .he trans'ormation o' a monosaccharide into its occ#rs easily and does not re"#ire the assistance o' a catalyst% A) epimer B) anomer C) s#gar alcohol D) diastereomer E) none o' the a(o+e Ans* B e+el o' Di''ic#lty* !oderate ,ection* 11-1. Monosaccharides
$7% :hich o' the 'ollowing is an example o' a heteropolysaccharide; A) cell#lose B) chitin C) starch D) glycogen E) glycosaminoglycan Ans* E e+el o' Di''ic#lty* !oderate ,ection* 11-2. Polysaccharides
$8% :hich o' the 'ollowing polysaccharides cannot (e digested (y mammalian sali+ary& gastric& or pancreatic en>ymes; A) cell#lose B) amylopectin C) amylose D) glycogen E) starch Ans* A e+el o' Di''ic#lty* !oderate ,ection* 11-2. Polysaccharides
-9% ?roteins that (ind speci'ic car(ohydrates are called % A) pectins B) oligon#cleotides C) glycosaminoglycans D) lectins E) chitins Ans* D e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-3. Glycoproteins
-$% Bacterial cell walls are constr#cted o' % A) pectin B) chondroitin s#l'ate chains C) peptidoglycans D) heparin E) all o' the a(o+e Ans* C e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-3. Glycoproteins
--% @0lin2ed oligosaccharides are commonly attached to the oxygen o' % A) ri(ose B) tyrosine C) lysine D) threonine E) glycine Ans* D
e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-3. Glycoproteins
-/% Hyal#ronic acids wo#ld not (e good energy storage polysaccharides (eca#se A) en>ymes cannot clea+e 6$→1) lin2ages% B) hyal#ronic acids are always short polymers 6-39 #nits)% C) hyal#ronic acids are too insol#(le% D) sol#tions o' hyal#ronic acids ha+e a +ery large osmotic press#re% E) none o' the a(o+e Ans* D e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-2. Polysaccharides
-1% Glycoproteins A) are only 'o#nd in (acteria% B) are extremely homogeneo#s% C) are typically $ car(ohydrate (y weight% D) are assem(led #nder strict genetic control% E) are relati+ely heterogeneo#s% Ans* E e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-3. Glycoproteins
-3% Chitin di''ers 'rom cell#lose d#e to A) in+ersion o' con'ig#ration at the anomeric car(on% B) s#l'onation o' the C- @H gro#p% C) a m#ch greater pre+alence o' (ranching% D) replacement o' the C- @H gro#p (y an acetamido gro#p% E) replacement o' the C4 @H gro#p (y an amino gro#p% Ans* D e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-2. Polysaccharides
-4% :hich polysaccharide is 'o#nd in a helically coiled con'ormation; A) chitin B) 0amylose C) cell#lose D) lignin E) none o' the a(o+e
Ans* B e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-2% Polysaccharides -5% ronic acids A) are aldoses where the aldehyde is oxidi>ed% B) are aldoses where the $ alcohol is oxidi>ed% C) can (e 'o#nd in the pyranose 'orm D) A and C are (oth correct E) B and C are (oth correct Ans* E e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-1. Monosaccharides
-7% .he sialic acids A) are important constit#ents o' glycoproteins and glycolipids B) are <0acetyl gl#cosamine deri+ati+es C) incorporate a s#ccinic acid deri+ati+e D) all o' the a(o+e E) none o' the a(o+e Ans* A e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-1. Monosaccharides
-8% .he (onding o' alcohols to the anomeric center o' a car(ohydrate res#lts in the 'ormation o' a6n) (ond% A) anomeric B) amide C) glycosidic D) ester E) hydrogen Ans* C e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-1. Monosaccharides
/9% A saccharide that has 'ree aldehyde gro#p is called a6n) % A) 2etose B) non0red#cing s#gar C) red#cing s#gar
D) aldohexose E) alditol Ans* C e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-1. Monosaccharides
/$% <0lin2ed oligosaccharides can (e co+alently lin2ed to proteins at the amino acid A) gly B) ser C) gl# D) tyr E) asn Ans* E e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-3. Glycoproteins
/-% .he most a(#ndant disaccharide is A) lactose B) cell#lose C) 0amylose D) saccharin E) s#crose Ans* E e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-2. Polysaccharides
//% Arti'icial sweeteners are pop#lar with dieters (eca#se A) they cannot (e readily meta(oli>ed% B) they are peptides and pro+ide important amino acids% C) they ha+e 'ewer calories than s#crose% D) they are m#ch sweeter than s#crose% E) all o' the a(o+e Ans* D e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-2. Polysaccharides
/1% Cell#lose is A) a linear copolymer o' gl#cose and galactose
B) C) D) E)
a (ranched polymer o' gl#cose a linear polymer o' gl#cose with 6$ 1) lin2ages a linear polymer o' gl#cose with 6$ 1) lin2ages sometimes called starch
Ans* C e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-2. Polysaccharides
/3% nli2e proteins and oligon#cleotides& polysaccharides A) are readily meta(oli>ed in the a(sence o' speciali>ed en>ymes% B) o'ten ha+e (ranched str#ct#res% C) are achiral% D) are always +ery water sol#(le% E) are components o' e+ery 2nown li+ing organism% Ans* B e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-2. Polysaccharides .his 'ig#re is #sed in "#estions /4019%
/4% :hich o' the str#ct#res is galactose; A) A B) B C) C D) D E)
e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-1. Monosaccharides
/5% :hich str#ct#re6s) represent red#cing s#gar6s); A) D B) A C) B and C D) A& B& and C E) A& B& C& D Ans* D e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-1. Monosaccharides
/7% :hich str#ct#re is a 2etohexose; A) A B) B C) C D) D E)
/8% :hich is ri(ose; A) A B) B C) C D) D E)
19% .hese str#ct#res are represented as A) Fisher proections% B) Haworth proections% C) space0'illing proections% D) (all and stic2 models% E)
Ans* A e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-1. Monosaccharides
.his 'ig#re is #sed in "#estions 1$011%
1$% :hich o' the str#ct#res is a gl#copyranose; A) A B) B C) C D) D E)
,ection* 11-1. Monosaccharides
1-% :hich str#ct#re is a 2etose; A) A B) B C) C D) D E)
1/% :hich str#ct#res are gl#coses; A) A B) A& B C) A& C D) A& B& C E)
11% :hich is deoxyri(ose; A) A B) B C) C D) D E)
13% In which cell#lar location does the synthesis o' <0lin2ed oligosaccharides ta2e place; A) B) C) D) Ans* A
Golgi apparat#s cytosol mitochondrial matrix It depends #pon the speci'ic cell typespecies%
e+el o' Di''ic#lty* Easy ,ection* 11-3. Glycoproteins
