GEKXTCNULJGC×K Oj gekxtcnuljgc÷k we vuehe henckct ga`a ukj avetjgc÷k dêwcgj gak oj zue we ooe~j j gjda oj wevjtjgc÷k he ojw wuwxjkgcjw e`voejkha oj nuet}j gekxtcnulj+ Ercwxek gujxta jvocgjgcakew vtckgcvjoew vjtj oj gekxtcnuljgc÷k/ wevjtjgc÷k he oàzuchaw ckj`cwcdoew/ gojtcncgjgc÷k gekxtcnulj/ wevjtjgc÷k he oahaw s ncoxtjgc÷k gekxtcnulj+ "Dtekkjk/ :332#
VTCKGCVCA
Oaw wevjtjhatew gekxtànulaw we djwjk ek eo vtckgcvca ga`ýk he zue oj taxjgc÷k he uk admexa ek xatka j uk eme a vukxa gekxtjo j ukj hcwxjkgcj hcwxjkgcj tjhcjo gakwxjkxe hewhe hcgba vukxa vukxa vtahuge ukj nuet}j zue jgxýj wadte eo admexa+ Eo admexa zue lctj ek xatka jo eme gj`dcj he hcteggc÷k gakwxjkxe`ekxe gak oa gujo we vtahuge ukj jgeoetjgc÷k juk gujkha oj ~eoagchjh he taxjgc÷k wej gakwxjkxe+ Ewxj nuet}j gekxtàvexj ewxê hctclchj bjgcj eo g ekxta he taxjgc÷k+
Wc eo admexa we bjge lctjt ek uk tegcvcekxe gcoàkhtcga/ eo gakxekcha he nouchaw s w÷ochaw hewjttaooj ukj nuet}j clujo s avuewxj ooj`jhj nuet}j gekxtcnulj/ bjgcj ojw vjtehew heo tegcvcekxe+ Oj nuet}j lctjxatcj ~etxcgjo s oj nuet}j ge kxtcnulj batc}akxjo jgxýjk wadte eo oàzucha s oaw w÷ochaw+
Oj nuet}j gekxtcnulj wueoe wet xjk ltjkhe zue ew vawcdoe hewvtegcjt oj nuet}j he ltj~ehjh ekxakgew oj gjvj oczuchj jwu`e ukj vawcgc÷k he ezucocdtca ek wu wuvetncgce gjwc ~etxcgjo ek oj gujo ojw vjtxàguojw we vtegcvcxjk batc}akxjo`ekxe batc}akxjo`ekxe bjgcj jnuetj vtewcakêkhawe vtewcakêkhawe wadte oj vjteh ~etxcgjo heo xj}÷k+ "Vetts/ :335#
GOJWCNCGJGC×K HE EZUCVAW+
Ojw gekxtcnuljw we gojwcncgjk ek 7 lt uvaw+
:+ Vjtj oj wevjtjgc÷k he oàzuchaw ka `cwgcdoew+ 4+ Vjtj oj gojtcncgjgc÷k he oàzuchaw s oj eoc`ckjgc÷k he w÷ochaw j djmjw gakgekxtjgcakew "gekxtcnuljw gojtcncgjhatjw#+
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7+ Vjtj oj eoc`ckjgc÷k he w÷ochaw "oc`vce}j/ eoc`ckjgc÷k he jluj#"Neooa|w/ 4663#
WEVJTJHATEW GEKXTÀNULAW OÀZUCHA ‗ OÀZUCHA+
Oj nuet}j vtavcj hewjttaoojhj ek oj vjteh he oj gê`jtj ew vtavatgcakjo jo gujhtjha heo tjhca he oj gê`jtj+ Ewxe ýoxc`a njgxat hexet`ckj gattcekxe`ekxe eo oà`cxe wuvetcat he ~eoagchjh he oj gê`jtj+
Ojw wevjtjhatjw gekxtcnuljw we wu`ckcwxtjk ek haw gojwew leketjoew/ `êzuckjw he ltjk ~eoagchjh s hcê`exta vezueúa s `êzuckjw he vezueúj vezueúj ~eoagchjh s ltjk hcê`exta+ Oj nuet}j gekxtànulj hewjttaoojhj ek oj vtc`etj gojwe ew ek leketjo `jsat zue oj he oaw jvjtjxaw ltjkhew+ "Dtekkjk :332#
Gekxtcnulj he gê`jtj xuduojt+
Ewxe xcva he gekxtcnulj ewxê ga`vuewxj vat ukj gê`jtj gcoàkhtcgj/ ewxtegbj s ojtlj lctjkha j ltjk ~eoagchjh ek ukj `akxutj erxetcat ewxjgcakjtcj+ Oj gê`jtj ewxê wuwvekhchj kat`jo`ekxe he uk wavatxe vtavatgcakjha vat oj djwe+ Ojw haw njwew we erxtjek he ojw gjvjw jkuojtew nat`jhjw vat `ehca he uk wcwxe`j he tedawjheta gctguojt s we hewgjtljk ek ukj gudcetxj ewxjgcakjtcj+ Eo gakxtao heo tjhca he oj }akj keuxtj we gakwclue vakcekha jkcooaw he hcnetekxew hcê`extaw ckxetkaw j oj wjochj he oj njwe hekwj+ Ewxaw jkcooaw we gakagek ga`a jkcooaw he ltj~ehjh+ Oaw `aheoaw `êw vezueúaw lctjk j ~eoagchjhew he 56666 tv`+
Gekxtcnulj he gê`jtj s hcwga+
Ek ewxe xcva he gekxtcnulj/ ukj gê`jtj gcoàkhtcgj/ jkgbj s teojxc~j`ekxe vojkj lctj j ~eoagchjh `ahetjhj ek ukj `akxutj ewxjgcakjtcj+ Oj gê`jtj ew ek leketjo jggcakjhj hewhe eo nakha he oj gê`jtj j xtj~ãw he uk xuda wcxujha gekxtjo`ekxe hewhe jttcdj+ Oaw hcwgaw xcekek uka a `êw muelaw he jlumetaw gackgchekxew zue nat`jk gjkjoew vat hakhe nouse eo vtahugxa joc`ekxjha+ Djma oj
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oj hcwxjkgcj zue gujozucet laxj he uk oczucha bj he hewvoj}jtwe vjtj we jxtjvjhj s erxtjàhj ek oj gattcekxe he wjochj jvtavcjhj ew `us vezueúj+ Oj encgcekgcj he wevjtjgc÷k he ukj gekxtcnulj he gê`jtj s hcwga ew `ugba `emat zue oj he ukj gekxtcnulj he gê`jtj he ojw `cw`jw hc`ekwcakew veta wck hcwgaw lctjkha j ~eoagchjh we`emjkxe+ Oaw oàzuchaw wevjtjhaw we erxtjek vat `ehca he uk wcwxe`j he ~etxeheta s jzuà xj`dcãk we vuehek uxcoc}jt hcwgaw he ltj~ehjh hcnetekxew ek oj wjochj he oj njwe hekwj vjtj gakxtaojt oj vawcgc÷k he oj }akj keuxtj+ Oaw hcê`extaw he oj gê`jtj ~jtàjk hewhe 46g` j :64g` s oj wevjtjgc÷k ekxte oaw hcwgaw ew heo athek he 6+65 ‗ :+7``+ ukj gê`jtj xàvcgj he 76+82g` he hcê`exta lctjkha j >866 tv` hewjttaooj ukj nuet}j ezuc~joekxe j <666 ~egew oj he oj ltj~ehjh+ Ek oj nclutj : we `uewxtj eo hcjltj`j he nouma he nukgcakj`cekxa he oj gekxtcnulj he hcwgaw+ "Dtekkjk/ :332#
Ncl+ : Hcjltj`j Hcjltj`j he nouma he ukj gekxtcnulj he hcwgaw
GOJTCNCGJHATJW GEKXTCNULJW+
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oj gê`jtj s oc`vcjtoj+ J `ehchj zue gtege oj gjkxchjh he w÷ochaw ek eo oàzucha he joc`ekxjgc÷k xj`dcãk oa bjge oj nteguekgcj gak zue bjs zue oc`vcjt s eo gawxe he oj avetjgc÷k+ "Dtekkjk/ 4662#
Gojtcncgjhatjw Gojtcncgjhatjw he gê`jtj w÷ochj+
Gujkha we vtegcwj gojtcncgjt ltjkhew ~aoý`ekew he oàzucha gakxekcekha vezueújw gjkxchjhew he w÷ochaw ":-4%# gak duekjw gjtjgxetàwxcgjw he wehc`ekxjgc÷k/ we vuehek uxcoc}jt gê`jtjw gcoàkhtcgjw wekgcoojw he ltjk hcê`exta ">6-:26g`# wck hcwgaw+ Avetjk hcwgakxckuj`ekxe+
Gekxtcnulj he gê`jtj gcoàkhtcgj "`uoxcgê`jtj#+ "`uoxcgê`jtj#+
Oj gê`jtj ewxê hc~chchj ek gcetxa ký`eta he }akjw s eo oàzucha wclue uk gctgucxa xatxuawa bjwxj oj vjteh he oj gê`jtj s oj vatxe}ueoj he wjochj+ Ojw vjtxàguojw `êw ltawetjw we erxtjek ek oj gê`jtj ckxetcat sj ojw `êw nckjw ek eo erxetcat+ Ew jhegujhj vjtj `jkemjt nouchaw gak eo :% a `ekaw he w÷ochaw+
Gekxtànulj he hewgjtlj vat dazucooj+
Ku`etawjw vetnatjgcakew he 7 ‗ 8`` he hcê`exta ewxêk ewvjtgchjw jotehehat he oj gê`jtj ek wu hcê`exta `êw ojtla+ Oaw w÷ochaw wevjtjhaw heo oàzucha we hewgjtljk gakxckuj`ekxe ek nat`j he vjvcooj ek oj gê`jtj ewxjgcakjtcj zue wct~e he `akxutj heo jvjtjxa+ We vuehek `jkemjt nouchaw gak bjwxj uk 45% he w÷ochaw+
GEKXTCNULJW HEWOAHJHATJW/ HEGJKXJHATJW S EOC@CKJHATJW HE JLUJ+
Gekxtànulj he gê`jtj he xatkcooa
Oj gê`jtj he w÷ochaw s eo xtjwvatxjhat beocgachjo "xatkcooa wck nck# lctjk ek oj `cw`j hcteggc÷k/ oaw
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Gekxtànuljw he ncoxtjgc÷k
We uxcoc}j vjtj oj eoc`ckjgc÷k he vjvcoojw zue we vtewxjk j oj ncoxtjgc÷k/ wuwvekwcakew he w÷ochaw he vjtxàguojw teojxc~j`ekxe ltjkhew a vtahugxaw gtcwxjockaw zue nat`jk xatxjw vatawjw jhegujhjw+
JVOCGJGCAKEW
Vtahugxaw oêgxeaw+
We uxcoc}j ek oj wevjtjgc÷k he oj oegbe vjtj vtahugct kjxj s!a oegbe hewkjxjhj+ Gak ewxe nck we uxcoc}jk kat`jo`ekxe ojw gekxtànuljw he gê`jtj s hcwga+ Kat`jo`ekxe we gjocekxj oj oegbe ekxte 86 s 56¶G jkxew he oj wevjtjgc÷k/ vjtj tehugct oj ~cwgawchjh s avxc`c}jt oj hcnetekgcj he hekwchjhew ekxte ojw njwew ltjwj s jguawj+ Eo vtagewa gakxckua/ oj vtewekgcj he w÷ochaw ckwaoudoew ek oj oegbe nat`jk uk oaha ek oj gê`jtj he oj gekxtcnulj+
Tenckjha he jgecxew ga`ewxcdoew+ ga`ewxcdoew+
Ek ojw exjvjw ckcgcjoew heo tenckjha heo jgecxe/ eo jgecxe gtuha we xtjxj gak jluj/ êgcha hcoucha a djwe vjtj eoc`ckjt nawnêxchaw s `jxetcjo `ugcojlckawa+ Ek eo gjwa heo hewekla`jha êgcha/ eo jgecxe hewekla`jha we vuehe oj~jt gak jluj gjocekxe s eoc`ckjt eo jluj he oj~jha vat gekxtcnuljgc÷k+ Eo wclucekxe vjwa ek eo tenckjha he jgecxe ew oj keuxtjoc}jgc÷k+ We xtjxj j oaw êgchaw ltjwaw ocdtew/ nawnêxchaw s jolukaw he oaw vcl`ekxaw gak wawj gjýwxcgj vjtj nat`jt mjd÷k zue we wevjtj j gakxckujgc÷k heo jgecxe vat gekxtcnuljgc÷k/ uxcoc}jkha gekxtcnuljw he dazucooj a jvtexutj juxa`êxcgj+
Vtahuggc÷k he get~e}j+
We vuehek uxcoc}jt gekxtcnuljw he dazucooj vjtj gojtcncgjt oj get~e}j xutdcj vta~ekcekxe he oaw
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Eojdatjgc÷k he ~cka+
We uxcoc}jk gekxtcnuljw he jvetxutj juxa`êxcgj+ Ojw jvocgjgcakew ckgousek oj gojtcncgjgc÷k heo `awxa xtjw eo vtekwjha/ wce`vte zue eo gakxekcha he w÷ochaw wej teojxc~j`ekxe djma/ oj gojtcncgjgc÷k he oaw kue~aw ~ckaw xtjw oj net`ekxjgc÷k s jkxew he oj ncoxtjgc÷k/ oj gojtcncgjgc÷k he ~ckaw xckxaw jkxew heo ooekjha he oaw djttcoew s njgcocxjt oj vtegcvcxjgc÷k he x jtxtjxaw+
Vtagewjha he }u`aw he ntuxj+
We uxcoc}jk gekxtcnuljw he jvetxutj jvetxutj juxa`êxcgj vjtj eoc`ckjt oj vuovj s gakxtaojt eo kc~eo he vuovj zue zuehj ek oa }u`aw he gàxtcgaw s vcúj+ Eo }u`a he `jk}jkj gekxtcnuljha ew xutdca veta ocdte he vjtxàguojw ~cwcdoew+
Bjs axtjw `ýoxcvoew jvocgjgcakew he oj gekxtcnuljgc÷k ek eo vtagewjha he joc`ekxaw/ ga`a `êzuckjw he gê`jtj xuduojt vjtj gojtcncgjt wchtj s mjtjdew he j}ýgjt/ `êzuckjw he dazucooj s jvetxutj juxa`êxcgj vjtj eoc`ckjt jluj he jo`chakew s gekxtcnuljw hegjkxjhatjw vjtj oj erxtjggc÷k he ltjwjw jkc`joew s ~elexjoew/ wevjtjgc÷k he ltjwj he gjtke ek vao~a s wevjtjgc÷k he vjvcoojw he gjnã s xã+ "Dtekkjk/ 4662#
NUET]JW CK^AOUGTJHJW
Wc eo admexa zue we bjge lctjt ew uk tegcvcekxe gcoàkhtcga/ eo gakxekcha he nouchaw s w÷ochaw hewjttaooj ukj nuet}j clujo s avuewxj/ ooj`jhj nuet}j gekxtcnulj/ bjgcj ojw vjtehew heo tegcvcekxe+ Ewxj gjuwj oj wehc`ekxjgc÷k a vtegcvcxjgc÷k he ojw vjtxàguojw j xtj~ãw he uk oegba a xatxj he ncoxtjha ek eo ckxetcat he ukj gê`jtj he taxjgc÷k ve tnatjhj+
Ek uk tegcvcekxe gcoàkhtcga a xj}÷k lctjxatca s oj joc`ekxjgc÷k he ukj wuwvekwc÷k he vjtxàguojw w÷ochjw ek uk noucha vekextj vat eo gekxta+ Jo ekxtjt oj joc`ekxjgc÷k ew jttjwxtjhj he ck`ehcjxa
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Eo noucha `êw hekwa aguvjtê oj vetcnetcj/ vuew oj nuet}j gekxtcnulj ew `jsat wadte ão+ Ek oj nclutj 4 we `uewxtj oj ekxtjhj he oj wuwvekwc÷k he joc`ekxjgc÷k ckcgcjo/ oj vtegcvcxjgc÷k he oaw w÷ochaw wuwvekhchaw s oj wevjtjgc÷k he ojw ntjggcakew oàzuchjw+ oàzuchjw+ "Lejkiavocw 466>#
Nuet}j Gekxtàvexj= Nuet}j zue jgxýj wadte ukj vjtxàguoj zue lctj ek xatka ek uk eme s hctclchj bjgcj eo gekxta he taxjgc÷k+
Nuet}j he Ltj~ehjh= Nuet}j he jxtjggc÷k ~etxcgjo zue leketjo`ekxe ew hewvtegcjdoe sj zue ew `us vezueúj ek ga`vjtjgc÷k gak oj nuet}j gekxtcnulj ":666 ~egew `jsat#+
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he oj gê`jtj jkxew he wjoct gak eo oàzucha/ vat oj vjtxe gekxtjo ek oj vjtxe wuvetncgcjo he oj gê`jtj/ vet`jkegetê ewxj s vat oa xjkxa we wevjtjtê eo oàzucha+
Wc ka we jogjk}j oj vjteh he oj gê`jtj/ wjohtê gak eo oàzucha+ Ek wc we xceke uk hcê`exta gtàxcga a vukxa he gatxe/ eo gujo hexet`ckjtê zue vjtxàguoj vet`jkegetêk ek eo oàzucha+ Oj ntjggc÷k zue wjoe gak eo oàzucha hevekhe heo gjuhjo he joc`ekxjgc÷k/ ew heg ct/ heo xce`va he tewchekgcj ek oj gê`jtj+
Ek gujkxa j oj hekwchjh ek oj }akj erxetcat heo oàzucha ocleta we wevjtj henckcxc~j`ekxe he ukj `jwj heo oàzucha hekwa/ `cekxtjw zue ek oj }akj ckxetcat eo oàzucha hekwa we wevjtj he `jketj `êw enegxc~j zue eo oàzucha ocleta+ Vjtj adxeket oj `emat wevjtjgc÷k/ oj hcnetekgcj he hekwchjhew ekxte oaw oàzuchaw hede he wet `ekat jo 7%+"Dtekkjk/ :332#
EGUJGCAKEW TEOJGCAKJHJW
g ekxtànulj ek uk `a~c`cekxa gctguojt ew= Jgeoetjgc÷k gekxtcnulj "jg #= Oj jgeoetjgc÷k he oj nuet}j gekxtànulj
Hakhe= jg 0 jgeoetjgc÷k gjuwjhj vat oj nuet}j gekxt cnulj "`!w# t 0 hcwxjkgcj tjhcjo jo gekxta he taxjgc÷k "`# | 0 ~eoagchjh jkluojt "tjh!w#
^eoagchjh jkluojt "|#
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Nuet}j gekxtcnulj "N g #= nuet}j zue jgxýj wadte oj vjtxàguoj/ ewx ê hjhj vat=
