Calorimetry Lab Report

Calorimetry and Enthalpy Dylan Custer Partner: Daniel Horn

Date: 10/1/13

Purpose: To verify Hess's La !aria"les/Hypothesis: !aria"les: #nitial temperature of solutions$ %alorimeter heat %apa%ity Hypothesis: The solutions' temperatures ill %han&e in a%%ordan%e to Hess's La afety E(uipment and Pro%edures: afety E(uipment: )o&&les$ apron$ %hemi%al*resistant &loves afety Pro%edures: +ash +ash hands thorou&hly "efore leavin& la"oratory ,aterials: Chemicals -mmonia solution$ .H3 $ 0 ,$ 0 mL odium hydro2ide solution$ .aH$ 0 , 100 mL -mmonium %hloride solution$ .H4Cl$ 0 ,$ 0 mL mL +ater$ distilled or deioni5ed Hydro%hlori% a%id solution$ HCl$ 0 ,$ 100 mL Equipment 6ea7er$ 0*mL Calorimete Calorimeterr and lid lid 8 tyrofoam tyrofoam %ups and and %over9 Deioni5ed or distilled ater Di&ital thermometer

)raduated %ylinder$ 0*mL Hot plate plate ,a&neti% stirrer and stirrin& "ar Timer or stopat%h

Pro%edures: Part 1. Determine the Heat Capacity of the Calorimeter 1 et up a %alori %alorimet meter er of to to nested nested tyrof tyrofoam oam %ups %ups  ,easure ,easure 00 mL of distil distilled led ater in in a 0*mL &raduate &raduated d %ylinder and and pour the ater ater into the %alorimeter 3 Pla%e the %alorime %alorimeter ter assem"ly assem"ly on a ma&neti% ma&neti% stirrer stirrer$$ add a ma&neti% stirri stirrin& n& "ar$ "ar$ and set the "ar spinnin& sloly 4 ,easure ,easure and re%ord re%ord the temperatur temperaturee of the ater ater in the Part Part 1 Data Ta"le Ta"le  Heat appro2im appro2imately ately   mL distill distilled ed to a"out a"out 0 ;C in a 0*mL 0*mL "ea7er "ea7er < ,easure ,easure 00 mL of the 0 ;C ;C distilled distilled ater ater in a 0*mL 0*mL &raduat &raduated ed %ylinder %ylinder  ,easure ,easure and re%ord re%ord the temperatur temperaturee of the hot ater ater in the the Part 1 Data Data Ta"le Ta"le = #mmediately #mmediately pour the the hot ater into into the room temperat temperature ure ater in in the %alorimeter %alorimeter > Cover the %alorim %alorimeter eter$$ insert the thermomet thermometer er$$ and stir the the ater ater 10 ?e%ord the temperature every 0 se%onds for a total of 3 minutes in the Part 1 Data Ta"le Ta"le 11 Empty the %alorimeter and dry the inside of %alorimeter hen finished Part 2. Determine the Heats of Reaction Reaction 1: HCl 8a(9 @ .aH 8a(9 A .aCl 8a(9 @ H 8l9

1 ,easure ,easure 00 mL of a 0 , HCl in in a 0*mL &raduated &raduated %ylinder %ylinder and transfe transferr to %alorimeter %alorimeter  ?e%ord the the temperatur temperaturee of the the HCl in the Part Part  Data Data Ta"le Ta"le 3 ?inse the the 0*mL 0*mL &raduated &raduated %ylinder %ylinder ith ith distilled distilled ater ater

4  <  =

,easure 0* mL of a 0 , .aH in the Part  Data Ta"le ?e%ord the temperature of the .aH in the Part  Data Ta"le Put a ma&neti% stirrin& "ar into the %alorimeter and start the "ar spinnin& sloly in the HCl Bui%7ly add the 00 mL of 0 .aH to the %alorimeter$ %over$ and insert the thermometer ?e%ord the temp after 0 se%onds$ then 0 se%onds for 3 minutes$ in the Part  Data Ta"le

Reaction 2: .H4 Cl @ .aH A .H3 @ .aCl @ H > ?inse and dry the %alorimeter$ thermometer$ and &raduated %ylinder used for ?ea%tion 10 ?epeat steps 1*= of Part  usin& 0 , .H4 Cl and 0 , .aH Reaction 3: .H3 8a(9 @ HCl 8a(9 A .H4Cl 8a(9 11 Thorou&hly rinse and dry the %alorimeter$ thermometer$ stirrer "ar$ and &raduated %ylinder used for rea%tion  1 ?epeat steps 1*= of Part  usin& 0 , .H3 solution and 0 , HCl solution ?esults/-nalysis: Data Table 1 Determination of the Heat Capacity of the Calorimeter 42 41.5 41 40.5 40 39.5 39 1

2

3

4

5

6

y*a2is  temperature 8in ;C9

7

8

9

10

2*a2is  time 8in se%onds9

Part 2 Data Table Determination of Heats of Reaction Reaction 1 37 36.8 36.6 36.4 36.2 36 35.8 35.6 1

2

3

4

5


6

7

8

9


10

Reaction 2 23.75 23.7 23.65 23.6 23.55 23.5 23.45 23.4 23.35 1

2

3

4

5

y*a2is  temperature 8in;C9

6

7

8

9


Reaction 3 36.2 36 35.8 35.6 35.4 35.2 35 34.8 34.6 34.4 1

2

3

4


5

6

7

8


Dis%ussion: The &raphs sho that ener&y 8in the form of heat9 is lost in time Con%lusion: 6e%ause the &iven e(uations 1$  and 3 are related$ and ere e2perimentally shon to "e related$ Hess's La proves to "e an a%%urate depi%tion of the "ehavior of enthalpy in the rea%tion of li(uid solutions

Calorimetry Lab Report

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