Summary Pressure Loss in Air Pipe Blower outlet Blower Main Blower Main Bran"# Bran"# Bran"# Bran"# Di%%user loss ')ase* on min %lowrate( '6&00 m$,#r(
DN 750 DN 1800 DN 100 DN 600 DN 500 DN $50 DN 00 +otal
46.18 41.1! 11.78 411.00 86.60 180.66 570.1! 5&000.00 6848.61 6.85
Pa Pa Pa Pa Pa Pa Pa Pa Pa -pa
'esimate(
Air Pressure Loss in Straight Pipe/Duct Air Velocity v A *
= Q / / / /
/ A
Air elo"ity'm,s( Air low 2ate'm$,s( 3ross Se"ttional Area'm( uter Diameter o% Pipe'm( / 5.4! * / 0.750 A / 0.44
/
1.41
m$,s m m
1!&750
Nm,#r
m ,s Sp
Re
=
2e *
/ / / /
R 2 *
d
v μ
ρ
2eynol* num)ers Diameter o% pipe'm( elo"ity'm,s( Air Density';,m(
/ Dynami" or a)soulute is"osity'Ns,m( * / / /
0.750 1.41 1.$
m m ,s ;,m
/
1.7!C10:5
Ns,m
2e /
6.409:05
= k / d / 2elatie 2ou;#ness 2atio / Diameter o% pipe'mm( / Sur%a"e 2ou;#ness'mm( /
0.015
mm
* / 2 /
750 0.00000
mm
'rom
Surace Roughness Roughness " k " k Surace !illi!eters
eet
3o pp ppe r&r& Lea *& *& Brass& Al um umin um um 'new(
0.00 1 : 0 .0 .00
$.$$ : 6.7 10 :6
P3 an* Plasti" Pipes
0.0015 : 0.007
0.5 : .$$ 10:5
9po=y& inyl 9ster an* >sop#t#ali" pipe
0.005
1.7 10 :5
Stainless steel
0.015
5 10 :5
Steel "ommer"ial pipe
0.045 : 0.0!
1.5 : $ 10:4
Stret"#e* steel
0.015
5 10 :5
?el* steel
0.045
1.5 10:4
0.15
5 10 :4
2uste* steel '"orrosion(
0.15 : 4
5 : 1$$ 10:4
New "ast iron
0.5 : 0.8
8 : 7 10:4
?orn "ast iron
0.8 : 1.5
.7 : 5 10:$
2usty "ast iron
1.5 : .5
5 : 8.$ 10:$
S#eet or asp#alte* "ast iron
0.01 : 0.015
$.$$ : 5 10:5
Smoot#e* "ement
0.$
1 10 :$
r*inary "on"rete
0.$ : 1
1 : $.$$ 10:$
3oarse "on"rete
0.$ : 5
1 : 16.7 10:$
Air Pressure Loss in Straight Pipe/Duct Air Velocity v A *
= Q / / / /
/ A
Air elo"ity'm,s( Air low 2ate'm$,s( 3ross Se"ttional Area'm( uter Diameter o% Pipe'm( / 5.4! * / 0.750 A / 0.44
/
1.41
m$,s m m
1!&750
Nm,#r
m ,s Sp
Re
=
2e *
/ / / /
R 2 *
d
v μ
ρ
2eynol* num)ers Diameter o% pipe'm( elo"ity'm,s( Air Density';,m(
/ Dynami" or a)soulute is"osity'Ns,m( * / / /
0.750 1.41 1.$
m m ,s ;,m
/
1.7!C10:5
Ns,m
2e /
6.409:05
= k / d / 2elatie 2ou;#ness 2atio / Diameter o% pipe'mm( / Sur%a"e 2ou;#ness'mm( /
0.015
mm
* / 2 /
750 0.00000
mm
'rom
Surace Roughness Roughness " k " k Surace !illi!eters
eet
3o pp ppe r&r& Lea *& *& Brass& Al um umin um um 'new(
0.00 1 : 0 .0 .00
$.$$ : 6.7 10 :6
P3 an* Plasti" Pipes
0.0015 : 0.007
0.5 : .$$ 10:5
9po=y& inyl 9ster an* >sop#t#ali" pipe
0.005
1.7 10 :5
Stainless steel
0.015
5 10 :5
Steel "ommer"ial pipe
0.045 : 0.0!
1.5 : $ 10:4
Stret"#e* steel
0.015
5 10 :5
?el* steel
0.045
1.5 10:4
0.15
5 10 :4
2uste* steel '"orrosion(
0.15 : 4
5 : 1$$ 10:4
New "ast iron
0.5 : 0.8
8 : 7 10:4
?orn "ast iron
0.8 : 1.5
.7 : 5 10:$
2usty "ast iron
1.5 : .5
5 : 8.$ 10:$
S#eet or asp#alte* "ast iron
0.01 : 0.015
$.$$ : 5 10:5
Smoot#e* "ement
0.$
1 10 :$
r*inary "on"rete
0.$ : 1
1 : $.$$ 10:$
3oarse "on"rete
0.$ : 5
1 : 16.7 10:$
?ell plane* woo*
0.18 : 0.!
6 : $0 10 :4
r*inary woo*
5
16.7 10:$
+#ere%ore& R / 0.00000 Re / 6.409:05 #he $oody %rictor %actor Diagra!
%ro! the &oody Diagra! 'elo(
) /
0.014
So* total head loss +alculation is stated as 'elo(,
P"loss
=
) - l/d. -ρ v/.
P:loss / Pressure Loss'Pa('N,m(
l *
/ / / / /
Moo*y ri"tion a"tor +otal Len;t# o% Pipe'm( Density';,m$( Air elo"ity'm,s( Diameter o% Pipe'm(
/ l / / / * / P"loss
/
0.014 1.$ 1.41 0.75 $.54
m ;,m$ m,s m Pa
+otal Pressure loss %or strain;#t pipe /
$.54
Pa
Air Pressure Loss in Pipe %ittings and +o!ponents
&o,
#ype o +o!ponent or %itting
1 $ 4 5 6 7 8 ! 10 11 1 1$ 14 15 16 17 18 1! 0 1 $ 4 5 6
lan;e*,wel*e* +ees& Line low
+oeicient o $inor loss
&u!'ers o ittings
#otal
" ξ "
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0.
+#rea*e* +ees& Line low
0.!
lan;e*,wel*e* +ees& Bran"#e* low
1.0
+#rea*e* +ees& Bran"# low
.0
+#rea*e* Enion
0.08
lan;e*,wel*e* 2e;ular !0 o 9l)ows
0.$
+#rea*e* 2e;ular !0 o 9l)ows
1.5
o
+#rea*e* 2e;ular 45 9l)ows
0.4
lan;e*,wel*e* Lon; 2a*ius !0 o 9l)ows
0.
+#rea*e* Lon; 2a*ius !0 o 9l)ows
0.7
o
lan;e*,wel*e* Lon; 2a*ius 45 9l)ows
0.
+#rea*e* Lon; 2a*ius 45 o 9l)ows
0.7
lan;e*,wel*e* 180 o 2eturn Ben*s
0.
o
+#rea*e* 180 2eturn Ben*s
1.5
lan;e*,wel*e* e=pansion
0.4
lan;e*,wel*e* re*u"er
1.5
ully pen
10
ully pen An;le ale
ully pen
0.15
1,4 3lose*
0.6
1, 3lose*
.1
$,4 3lose*
17
orwar* low Swin; 3#e" ale
ully pen Ball ale
0.05
1,$ 3lose* Ball ale
5.5
,$ 3lose* Ball ale
00
#otal loss o coeicient
P"loss =
ξ
0 ρ v
P:loss / Pressure Loss'Pa('N,m( / Minor loss "oe%%i"ient / Air Density';,m$( / Air elo"ity'm,s(
ξ
/ / /
0.45 1.$ 1.41
;,m$ m,s
:loss /
4.64
Pa
ξ
+otal Pressure loss %or pipe %iitin;s /
4.64
Pa
#otal Pressure loss or air 'lo(er piping syste! =
46.18
Pa
+#ere%ore&
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.$0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.45
Air Pressure Loss in Straight Pipe/Duct Air Velocity v A *
= Q / / / /
Re
=
2e *
/ / / / /
/ A
Air elo"ity'm,s( Air low 2ate'm$,s( 3ross Se"ttional Area'm( uter Diameter o% Pipe'm( / 1.!4 * / 1.800 A / .55 / 8.6
d
v μ
7!&000
Nm,#r
ρ
2eynol* num)ers Diameter o% pipe'm( elo"ity'm,s( Air Density';,m( Dynami" or a)soulute is"osity'Ns,m( *
R 2 *
m$,s m m m,s
/ / / /
1.800 8.6 1.$ 1.7!C10:5
2e /
1.079:04
m m,s ;,m Ns,m
= k / d / 2elatie 2ou;#ness 2atio / Diameter o% pipe'mm( / Sur%a"e 2ou;#ness'mm( / * / 2 /
0.015 1800 0.000008
mm mm
'rom
Surace Roughness Surace
Roughness " k !illi!eters
eet
3opper& Lea*& Brass& Al uminum 'new(
0.001 : 0.00
$.$$ : 6.7 10 :6
P3 an* Plasti" Pipes
0.0015 : 0.007
0.5 : .$$ 10 :5
9po=y& inyl 9ster an* >sop#t#ali" pipe
0.005
1.7 10:5
Stainless steel
0.015
5 10:5
Steel "ommer"ial pipe
0.045 : 0.0!
1.5 : $ 10 :4
Stret"#e* steel
0.015
5 10:5
?el* steel
0.045
1.5 10:4
0.15
5 10:4
2uste* steel '"orrosion(
0.15 : 4
5 : 1$$ 10 :4
New "ast iron
0.5 : 0.8
8 : 7 10 :4
?orn "ast iron
0.8 : 1.5
.7 : 5 10 :$
2usty "ast iron
1.5 : .5
5 : 8.$ 10 :$
S#eet or asp#alte* "ast iron
0.01 : 0.015
$.$$ : 5 10 :5
Smoot#e* "ement
0.$
1 10:$
r*inary "on"rete
0.$ : 1
1 : $.$$ 10 :$
3oarse "on"rete
0.$ : 5
1 : 16.7 10 :$
?ell plane* woo*
0.18 : 0.!
6 : $0 10 :4
r*inary woo*
5
16.7 10:$
+#ere%ore& R / 0.000008 Re / 1.079:04 #he $oody %rictor %actor Diagra!
%ro! the &oody Diagra! 'elo(
) /
0.0
So* total head loss +alculation is stated as 'elo(,
P"loss
=
) - l/d. -ρ v/.
P:loss / Pressure Loss'Pa('N,m(
l *
/ / / / /
Moo*y ri"tion a"tor +otal Len;t# o% Pipe'm( Density';,m$( Air elo"ity'm,s( Diameter o% Pipe'm(
/ l / / / * / P"loss
/
0.0 70 1.$ 8.6 1.80
m ;,m$ m,s m
$5.54
Pa
+otal Pressure loss %or strain;#t pipe /
$5.54
Pa
Air Pressure Loss in Pipe %ittings and +o!ponents
&o,
#ype o +o!ponent or %itting
1 $ 4 5 6 7 8 ! 10 11 1 1$ 14 15 16 17 18 1! 0 1 $ 4 5 6
lan;e*,wel*e* +ees& Line low
+oeicient o $inor loss
&u!'ers o ittings
#otal
" ξ "
7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0.
+#rea*e* +ees& Line low
0.!
lan;e*,wel*e* +ees& Bran"#e* low
1.0
+#rea*e* +ees& Bran"# low
.0
+#rea*e* Enion
0.08
lan;e*,wel*e* 2e;ular !0 o 9l)ows
0.$
+#rea*e* 2e;ular !0 o 9l)ows
1.5
o
+#rea*e* 2e;ular 45 9l)ows
0.4
lan;e*,wel*e* Lon; 2a*ius !0 o 9l)ows
0.
+#rea*e* Lon; 2a*ius !0 o 9l)ows
0.7
o
lan;e*,wel*e* Lon; 2a*ius 45 9l)ows
0.
+#rea*e* Lon; 2a*ius 45 o 9l)ows
0.7
lan;e*,wel*e* 180 o 2eturn Ben*s
0.
o
+#rea*e* 180 2eturn Ben*s
1.5
lan;e*,wel*e* e=pansion
0.4
lan;e*,wel*e* re*u"er
1.5
ully pen
10
ully pen An;le ale
ully pen
0.15
1,4 3lose*
0.6
1, 3lose*
.1
$,4 3lose*
17
orwar* low Swin; 3#e" ale
ully pen Ball ale
0.05
1,$ 3lose* Ball ale
5.5
,$ 3lose* Ball ale
00
#otal loss o coeicient
P"loss =
ξ
0 ρ v
P:loss / Pressure Loss'Pa('N,m( / Minor loss "oe%%i"ient / Air Density';,m$( / Air elo"ity'm,s(
ξ
/ / /
ξ
:loss /
4.50 1.$ 8.6 05.64
;,m$ m,s Pa
+otal Pressure loss %or pipe %iitin;s /
05.64
Pa
#otal Pressure loss or air 'lo(er piping syste! =
41.1!
Pa
+#ere%ore&
1.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 .50 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.50
Air Pressure Loss in Straight Pipe/Duct Air Velocity v A *
= Q / / / /
Re
=
2e *
/ / / / /
/ A
Air elo"ity'm,s( Air low 2ate'm$,s( 3ross Se"ttional Area'm( uter Diameter o% Pipe'm( / 10.!7 * / 1.00 A / 1.1$ / !.70
d
v μ
$!&500
Nm,#r
ρ
2eynol* num)ers Diameter o% pipe'm( elo"ity'm,s( Air Density';,m( Dynami" or a)soulute is"osity'Ns,m( *
R 2 *
m$,s m m m,s
/ / / /
1.00 !.70 1.$ 1.7!C10:5
2e /
8.009:05
m m,s ;,m Ns,m
= k / d / 2elatie 2ou;#ness 2atio / Diameter o% pipe'mm( / Sur%a"e 2ou;#ness'mm( / * / 2 /
0.015 100 0.00001$
mm mm
'rom
Surace Roughness Surace
Roughness " k !illi!eters
eet
3opper& Lea*& Brass& Al uminum 'new(
0.001 : 0.00
$.$$ : 6.7 10 :6
P3 an* Plasti" Pipes
0.0015 : 0.007
0.5 : .$$ 10 :5
9po=y& inyl 9ster an* >sop#t#ali" pipe
0.005
1.7 10:5
Stainless steel
0.015
5 10:5
Steel "ommer"ial pipe
0.045 : 0.0!
1.5 : $ 10 :4
Stret"#e* steel
0.015
5 10:5
?el* steel
0.045
1.5 10:4
0.15
5 10:4
2uste* steel '"orrosion(
0.15 : 4
5 : 1$$ 10 :4
New "ast iron
0.5 : 0.8
8 : 7 10 :4
?orn "ast iron
0.8 : 1.5
.7 : 5 10 :$
2usty "ast iron
1.5 : .5
5 : 8.$ 10 :$
S#eet or asp#alte* "ast iron
0.01 : 0.015
$.$$ : 5 10 :5
Smoot#e* "ement
0.$
1 10:$
r*inary "on"rete
0.$ : 1
1 : $.$$ 10 :$
3oarse "on"rete
0.$ : 5
1 : 16.7 10 :$
?ell plane* woo*
0.18 : 0.!
6 : $0 10 :4
r*inary woo*
5
16.7 10:$
+#ere%ore& R / 0.00001$ Re / 8.009:05 #he $oody %rictor %actor Diagra!
%ro! the &oody Diagra! 'elo(
) /
0.018
So* total head loss +alculation is stated as 'elo(,
P"loss
=
) - l/d. -ρ v/.
P:loss / Pressure Loss'Pa('N,m(
l *
/ / / / /
Moo*y ri"tion a"tor +otal Len;t# o% Pipe'm( Density';,m$( Air elo"ity'm,s( Diameter o% Pipe'm(
/ l / / / * / P"loss
/
0.018 0 1.$ !.70 1.0
m ;,m$ m,s m
17.$5
Pa
+otal Pressure loss %or strain;#t pipe /
17.$5
Pa
Air Pressure Loss in Pipe %ittings and +o!ponents
&o,
#ype o +o!ponent or %itting
1 $ 4 5 6 7 8 ! 10 11 1 1$ 14 15 16 17 18 1! 0 1 $ 4 5 6
lan;e*,wel*e* +ees& Line low
+oeicient o $inor loss
&u!'ers o ittings
#otal
" ξ "
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0.
+#rea*e* +ees& Line low
0.!
lan;e*,wel*e* +ees& Bran"#e* low
1.0
+#rea*e* +ees& Bran"# low
.0
+#rea*e* Enion
0.08
lan;e*,wel*e* 2e;ular !0 o 9l)ows
0.$
+#rea*e* 2e;ular !0 o 9l)ows
1.5
o
+#rea*e* 2e;ular 45 9l)ows
0.4
lan;e*,wel*e* Lon; 2a*ius !0 o 9l)ows
0.
+#rea*e* Lon; 2a*ius !0 o 9l)ows
0.7
o
lan;e*,wel*e* Lon; 2a*ius 45 9l)ows
0.
+#rea*e* Lon; 2a*ius 45 o 9l)ows
0.7
lan;e*,wel*e* 180 o 2eturn Ben*s
0.
o
+#rea*e* 180 2eturn Ben*s
1.5
lan;e*,wel*e* e=pansion
0.4
lan;e*,wel*e* re*u"er
1.5
ully pen
10
ully pen An;le ale
ully pen
0.15
1,4 3lose*
0.6
1, 3lose*
.1
$,4 3lose*
17
orwar* low Swin; 3#e" ale
ully pen Ball ale
0.05
1,$ 3lose* Ball ale
5.5
,$ 3lose* Ball ale
00
#otal loss o coeicient
P"loss =
ξ
0 ρ v
P:loss / Pressure Loss'Pa('N,m( / Minor loss "oe%%i"ient / Air Density';,m$( / Air elo"ity'm,s(
ξ
/ / /
1.65 1.$ !.70
;,m$ m,s
:loss /
!5.4$
Pa
ξ
+otal Pressure loss %or pipe %iitin;s /
!5.4$
Pa
#otal Pressure loss or air 'lo(er piping syste! =
11.78
Pa
+#ere%ore&
0.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.65
Air Pressure Loss in Straight Pipe/Duct Air Velocity v A *
= Q / / / /
Re
=
2e *
/ / / / /
/ A
Air elo"ity'm,s( Air low 2ate'm$,s( 3ross Se"ttional Area'm( uter Diameter o% Pipe'm( / $.66 * / 0.600 A / 0.8 / 1.!$
d
v μ
1$&16
Nm,#r
ρ
2eynol* num)ers Diameter o% pipe'm( elo"ity'm,s( Air Density';,m( Dynami" or a)soulute is"osity'Ns,m( *
R 2 *
m$,s m m m,s
/ / / /
0.600 1.!$ 1.$ 1.7!C10:5
2e /
5.$$9:05
m m,s ;,m Ns,m
= k / d / 2elatie 2ou;#ness 2atio / Diameter o% pipe'mm( / Sur%a"e 2ou;#ness'mm( / * / 2 /
0.015 600 0.00005
mm mm
'rom
Surace Roughness Surace
Roughness " k !illi!eters
eet
3opper& Lea*& Brass& Al uminum 'new(
0.001 : 0.00
$.$$ : 6.7 10 :6
P3 an* Plasti" Pipes
0.0015 : 0.007
0.5 : .$$ 10 :5
9po=y& inyl 9ster an* >sop#t#ali" pipe
0.005
1.7 10:5
Stainless steel
0.015
5 10:5
Steel "ommer"ial pipe
0.045 : 0.0!
1.5 : $ 10 :4
Stret"#e* steel
0.015
5 10:5
?el* steel
0.045
1.5 10:4
0.15
5 10:4
2uste* steel '"orrosion(
0.15 : 4
5 : 1$$ 10 :4
New "ast iron
0.5 : 0.8
8 : 7 10 :4
?orn "ast iron
0.8 : 1.5
.7 : 5 10 :$
2usty "ast iron
1.5 : .5
5 : 8.$ 10 :$
S#eet or asp#alte* "ast iron
0.01 : 0.015
$.$$ : 5 10 :5
Smoot#e* "ement
0.$
1 10:$
r*inary "on"rete
0.$ : 1
1 : $.$$ 10 :$
3oarse "on"rete
0.$ : 5
1 : 16.7 10 :$
?ell plane* woo*
0.18 : 0.!
6 : $0 10 :4
r*inary woo*
5
16.7 10:$
+#ere%ore& R / 0.00005 Re / 5.$$9:05 #he $oody %rictor %actor Diagra!
%ro! the &oody Diagra! 'elo(
) /
0.015
So* total head loss +alculation is stated as 'elo(,
P"loss
=
) - l/d. -ρ v/.
P:loss / Pressure Loss'Pa('N,m(
l *
/ / / / /
Moo*y ri"tion a"tor +otal Len;t# o% Pipe'm( Density';,m$( Air elo"ity'm,s( Diameter o% Pipe'm(
/ l / / / * / P"loss
/
0.015 114 1.$ 1.!$ 0.60
m ;,m$ m,s m
!.84
Pa
+otal Pressure loss %or strain;#t pipe /
!.84
Pa
Air Pressure Loss in Pipe %ittings and +o!ponents
&o,
#ype o +o!ponent or %itting
1 $ 4 5 6 7 8 ! 10 11 1 1$ 14 15 16 17 18 1! 0 1 $ 4 5 6 7
lan;e*,wel*e* +ees& Line low
+oeicient o $inor loss
&u!'ers o ittings
#otal
" ξ "
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0.
+#rea*e* +ees& Line low
0.!
lan;e*,wel*e* +ees& Bran"#e* low
1.0
+#rea*e* +ees& Bran"# low
.0
+#rea*e* Enion
0.08
lan;e*,wel*e* 2e;ular !0 o 9l)ows
0.$
+#rea*e* 2e;ular !0 o 9l)ows
1.5
o
+#rea*e* 2e;ular 45 9l)ows
0.4
lan;e*,wel*e* Lon; 2a*ius !0 o 9l)ows
0.
+#rea*e* Lon; 2a*ius !0 o 9l)ows
0.7
o
lan;e*,wel*e* Lon; 2a*ius 45 9l)ows
0.
+#rea*e* Lon; 2a*ius 45 o 9l)ows
0.7
lan;e*,wel*e* 180 o 2eturn Ben*s
0.
o
+#rea*e* 180 2eturn Ben*s
1.5
lan;e*,wel*e* e=pansion
0.4
lan;e*,wel*e* re*u"er
1.5
ully pen
10
ully pen An;le ale
ully pen
0.15
1,4 3lose*
0.6
1, 3lose*
.1
$,4 3lose*
17
orwar* low Swin; 3#e" ale
ully pen Ball ale
0.05
1,$ 3lose* Ball ale
5.5
,$ 3lose* Ball ale
00
lowmeter
0.8
#otal loss o coeicient
P"loss =
ξ
0 ρ v
P:loss / Pressure Loss'Pa('N,m( / Minor loss "oe%%i"ient / Air Density';,m$( / Air elo"ity'm,s(
ξ
/ / /
1.15 1.$ 1.!$
;,m$ m,s
:loss /
118.16
Pa
ξ
+otal Pressure loss %or pipe %iitin;s /
118.16
Pa
#otal Pressure loss or air 'lo(er piping syste! =
411.00
Pa
+#ere%ore&
0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.80 1.15
Air Pressure Loss in Straight Pipe/Duct Air Velocity v A *
= Q / / / /
Re
=
2e *
/ / / / /
/ A
Air elo"ity'm,s( Air low 2ate'm$,s( 3ross Se"ttional Area'm( uter Diameter o% Pipe'm( / .46 * / 0.500 A / 0.0 / 1.51
d
v μ
8&84$
Nm,#r
ρ
2eynol* num)ers Diameter o% pipe'm( elo"ity'm,s( Air Density';,m( Dynami" or a)soulute is"osity'Ns,m( * / / /
R 2 *
m$,s m m m,s
/
0.500 1.51 1.$ 1.7!C10:5
2e /
4.$09:05
m m,s ;,m Ns,m
= k / d / 2elatie 2ou;#ness 2atio / Diameter o% pipe'mm( / Sur%a"e 2ou;#ness'mm( / * / 2 /
0.015 500 0.0000$0
mm mm
'rom
Surace Roughness Surace
Roughness " k !illi!eters
eet
3opper& Lea*& Brass& Aluminum 'new(
0.001 : 0.00
$.$$ : 6.7 10:6
P3 an* Plasti" Pipes
0.0015 : 0.007
0.5 : .$$ 10:5
9po=y& inyl 9ster an* >sop#t#ali" pipe
0.005
1.7 10:5
Stainless steel
0.015
5 10:5
Steel "ommer"ial pipe
0.045 : 0.0!
1.5 : $ 10 :4
Stret"#e* steel
0.015
5 10:5
?el* steel
0.045
1.5 10:4
0.15
5 10:4
2uste* steel '"orrosion(
0.15 : 4
5 : 1$$ 10 :4
New "ast iron
0.5 : 0.8
8 : 7 10 :4
?orn "ast iron
0.8 : 1.5
.7 : 5 10 :$
2usty "ast iron
1.5 : .5
5 : 8.$ 10 :$
S#eet or asp#alte* "ast iron
0.01 : 0.015
$.$$ : 5 10:5
Smoot#e* "ement
0.$
1 10:$
r*inary "on"rete
0.$ : 1
1 : $.$$ 10:$
3oarse "on"rete
0.$ : 5
1 : 16.7 10:$
?ell plane* woo*
0.18 : 0.!
6 : $0 10 :4
r*inary woo*
5
16.7 10:$
+#ere%ore& R / 0.0000$0 Re / 4.$09:05 #he $oody %rictor %actor Diagra!
%ro! the &oody Diagra! 'elo(
) /
0.015
So* total head loss +alculation is stated as 'elo(,
P"loss
=
) - l/d. -ρ v/.
P:loss / Pressure Loss'Pa('N,m(
l *
/ / / / /
Moo*y ri"tion a"tor +otal Len;t# o% Pipe'm( Density';,m$( Air elo"ity'm,s( Diameter o% Pipe'm(
/ l / / / * / P"loss
/
0.015 51 1.$ 1.51 0.50
m ;,m$ m,s m
147.15
Pa
+otal Pressure loss %or strain;#t pipe /
147.15
Pa
Air Pressure Loss in Pipe %ittings and +o!ponents
&o,
#ype o +o!ponent or %itting
1 $ 4 5 6 7 8 ! 10 11 1 1$ 14 15 16 17 18 1! 0 1 $ 4 5 6 7
lan;e*,wel*e* +ees& Line low
+oeicient o $inor loss
&u!'ers o ittings
#otal
" ξ "
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0.
+#rea*e* +ees& Line low
0.!
lan;e*,wel*e* +ees& Bran"#e* low
1.0
+#rea*e* +ees& Bran"# low
.0
+#rea*e* Enion
0.08
lan;e*,wel*e* 2e;ular !0 o 9l)ows
0.$
+#rea*e* 2e;ular !0 o 9l)ows
1.5
o
+#rea*e* 2e;ular 45 9l)ows
0.4
lan;e*,wel*e* Lon; 2a*ius !0 o 9l)ows
0.
+#rea*e* Lon; 2a*ius !0 o 9l)ows
0.7
o
lan;e*,wel*e* Lon; 2a*ius 45 9l)ows
0.
+#rea*e* Lon; 2a*ius 45 o 9l)ows
0.7
lan;e*,wel*e* 180 o 2eturn Ben*s
0.
o
+#rea*e* 180 2eturn Ben*s
1.5
lan;e*,wel*e* e=pansion
0.4
lan;e*,wel*e* re*u"er
1.5
ully pen
10
ully pen An;le ale
ully pen
0.15
1,4 3lose*
0.6
1, 3lose*
.1
$,4 3lose*
17
orwar* low Swin; 3#e" ale
ully pen Ball ale
0.05
1,$ 3lose* Ball ale
5.5
,$ 3lose* Ball ale
00
lowmeter
0.8
#otal loss o coeicient
P"loss =
ξ
0 ρ v
P:loss / Pressure Loss'Pa('N,m( / Minor loss "oe%%i"ient / Air Density';,m$( / Air elo"ity'm,s(
ξ
/ / /
ξ
:loss /
1.45 1.$ 1.51
;,m$ m,s
1$!.45
Pa
+otal Pressure loss %or pipe %iitin;s /
1$!.45
Pa
#otal Pressure loss or air 'lo(er piping syste! =
86.60
Pa
+#ere%ore&
0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.45
Air Pressure Loss in Straight Pipe/Duct Air Velocity v A *
= Q / / / /
Re
=
2e *
/ / / / /
/ A
Air elo"ity'm,s( Air low 2ate'm$,s( 3ross Se"ttional Area'm( uter Diameter o% Pipe'm( / 0.!7 * / 0.$50 A / 0.10 / 10.04
d
v μ
$&478
Nm,#r
ρ
2eynol* num)ers Diameter o% pipe'm( elo"ity'm,s( Air Density';,m( Dynami" or a)soulute is"osity'Ns,m( * / / /
R 2 *
m$,s m m m,s
/
0.$50 10.04 1.$ 1.7!C10:5
2e /
.419:05
m m,s ;,m Ns,m
= k / d / 2elatie 2ou;#ness 2atio / Diameter o% pipe'mm( / Sur%a"e 2ou;#ness'mm( / * / 2 /
0.015 $50 0.00004$
mm mm
'rom
Surace Roughness Surace
Roughness " k !illi!eters
eet
3opper& Lea*& Brass& Aluminum 'new(
0.001 : 0.00
$.$$ : 6.7 10:6
P3 an* Plasti" Pipes
0.0015 : 0.007
0.5 : .$$ 10:5
9po=y& inyl 9ster an* >sop#t#ali" pipe
0.005
1.7 10:5
Stainless steel
0.015
5 10:5
Steel "ommer"ial pipe
0.045 : 0.0!
1.5 : $ 10 :4
Stret"#e* steel
0.015
5 10:5
?el* steel
0.045
1.5 10:4
0.15
5 10:4
2uste* steel '"orrosion(
0.15 : 4
5 : 1$$ 10 :4
New "ast iron
0.5 : 0.8
8 : 7 10 :4
?orn "ast iron
0.8 : 1.5
.7 : 5 10 :$
2usty "ast iron
1.5 : .5
5 : 8.$ 10 :$
S#eet or asp#alte* "ast iron
0.01 : 0.015
$.$$ : 5 10:5
Smoot#e* "ement
0.$
1 10:$
r*inary "on"rete
0.$ : 1
1 : $.$$ 10:$
3oarse "on"rete
0.$ : 5
1 : 16.7 10:$
?ell plane* woo*
0.18 : 0.!
6 : $0 10 :4
r*inary woo*
5
16.7 10:$
+#ere%ore& R / 0.00004$ Re / .419:05 #he $oody %rictor %actor Diagra!
%ro! the &oody Diagra! 'elo(
) /
0.017
So* total head loss +alculation is stated as 'elo(,
P"loss
=
) - l/d. -ρ v/.
P:loss / Pressure Loss'Pa('N,m(
l *
/ / / / /
Moo*y ri"tion a"tor +otal Len;t# o% Pipe'm( Density';,m$( Air elo"ity'm,s( Diameter o% Pipe'm(
/ l / / / * / P"loss
/
0.017 4 1.$ 10.04 0.$5
m ;,m$ m,s m
7.$
Pa
+otal Pressure loss %or strain;#t pipe /
7.$
Pa
Air Pressure Loss in Pipe %ittings and +o!ponents
&o,
#ype o +o!ponent or %itting
1 $ 4 5 6 7 8 ! 10 11 1 1$ 14 15 16 17 18 1! 0 1 $ 4 5 6 7
lan;e*,wel*e* +ees& Line low
+oeicient o $inor loss
&u!'ers o ittings
#otal
" ξ "
1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0.
+#rea*e* +ees& Line low
0.!
lan;e*,wel*e* +ees& Bran"#e* low
1.0
+#rea*e* +ees& Bran"# low
.0
+#rea*e* Enion
0.08
lan;e*,wel*e* 2e;ular !0 o 9l)ows
0.$
+#rea*e* 2e;ular !0 o 9l)ows
1.5
o
+#rea*e* 2e;ular 45 9l)ows
0.4
lan;e*,wel*e* Lon; 2a*ius !0 o 9l)ows
0.
+#rea*e* Lon; 2a*ius !0 o 9l)ows
0.7
o
lan;e*,wel*e* Lon; 2a*ius 45 9l)ows
0.
+#rea*e* Lon; 2a*ius 45 o 9l)ows
0.7
lan;e*,wel*e* 180 o 2eturn Ben*s
0.
o
+#rea*e* 180 2eturn Ben*s
1.5
lan;e*,wel*e* e=pansion
0.4
lan;e*,wel*e* re*u"er
1.5
ully pen
10
ully pen An;le ale
ully pen
0.15
1,4 3lose*
0.6
1, 3lose*
.1
$,4 3lose*
17
orwar* low Swin; 3#e" ale
ully pen Ball ale
0.05
1,$ 3lose* Ball ale
5.5
,$ 3lose* Ball ale
00
lowmeter
0.8
#otal loss o coeicient
P"loss =
ξ
0 ρ v
P:loss / Pressure Loss'Pa('N,m( / Minor loss "oe%%i"ient / Air Density';,m$( / Air elo"ity'm,s(
ξ
/ / /
ξ
:loss /
1.75 1.$ 10.04
;,m$ m,s
108.4$
Pa
+otal Pressure loss %or pipe %iitin;s /
108.4$
Pa
#otal Pressure loss or air 'lo(er piping syste! =
180.66
Pa
+#ere%ore&
0.0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.$0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.5 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.75
Air Pressure Loss in Straight Pipe/Duct Air Velocity v A *
= Q / / / /
Re
=
2e *
/ / / / /
/ A
Air elo"ity'm,s( Air low 2ate'm$,s( 3ross Se"ttional Area'm( uter Diameter o% Pipe'm( / 0.41 * / 0.00 A / 0.0$ / 1.!5
d
v μ
1&465
Nm,#r
ρ
2eynol* num)ers Diameter o% pipe'm( elo"ity'm,s( Air Density';,m( Dynami" or a)soulute is"osity'Ns,m( * / / /
R 2 *
m$,s m m m,s
/
0.00 1.!5 1.$ 1.7!C10:5
2e /
1.789:05
m m,s ;,m Ns,m
= k / d / 2elatie 2ou;#ness 2atio / Diameter o% pipe'mm( / Sur%a"e 2ou;#ness'mm( / * / 2 /
0.015 00 0.000075
mm mm
'rom
Surace Roughness Surace
Roughness " k !illi!eters
eet
3opper& Lea*& Brass& Aluminum 'new(
0.001 : 0.00
$.$$ : 6.7 10:6
P3 an* Plasti" Pipes
0.0015 : 0.007
0.5 : .$$ 10:5
9po=y& inyl 9ster an* >sop#t#ali" pipe
0.005
1.7 10:5
Stainless steel
0.015
5 10:5
Steel "ommer"ial pipe
0.045 : 0.0!
1.5 : $ 10 :4
Stret"#e* steel
0.015
5 10:5
?el* steel
0.045
1.5 10:4
0.15
5 10:4
2uste* steel '"orrosion(
0.15 : 4
5 : 1$$ 10 :4
New "ast iron
0.5 : 0.8
8 : 7 10 :4
?orn "ast iron
0.8 : 1.5
.7 : 5 10 :$
2usty "ast iron
1.5 : .5
5 : 8.$ 10 :$
S#eet or asp#alte* "ast iron
0.01 : 0.015
$.$$ : 5 10:5
Smoot#e* "ement
0.$
1 10:$
r*inary "on"rete
0.$ : 1
1 : $.$$ 10:$
3oarse "on"rete
0.$ : 5
1 : 16.7 10:$
?ell plane* woo*
0.18 : 0.!
6 : $0 10 :4
r*inary woo*
5
16.7 10:$
+#ere%ore& R / 0.000075 Re / 1.789:05 #he $oody %rictor %actor Diagra!
%ro! the &oody Diagra! 'elo(
) /
0.018
So* total head loss +alculation is stated as 'elo(,
P"loss
=
) - l/d. -ρ v/.
P:loss / Pressure Loss'Pa('N,m(
l *
/ / / / /
Moo*y ri"tion a"tor +otal Len;t# o% Pipe'm( Density';,m$( Air elo"ity'm,s( Diameter o% Pipe'm(
/ l / / / * / P"loss
/
0.018 4 1.$ 1.!5 0.0
m ;,m$ m,s m
$8!.75
Pa
+otal Pressure loss %or strain;#t pipe /
$8!.75
Pa