A Finmeccanica Company
C-27J SPARTAN
© Alenia Aermacchi - All rights reserved All photos by Alenia Aermacchi
It’s time for the maximum speed dash. The pilots slam the throttles forward, the C-27J accelerates swiftly to 325 knots and descends rapidly to low level. The forward operating base is somewhere in the night, over a thousand nautical miles behind. The Spartan and its precious cargo are headed for a turf strip in the hot zone, invisible to all but the GPS embedded inertial system. The special forces rangers sit in silence around their Humvee. Precision ground maps come up on one of the five color displays. Donning their night vision goggles, the crew switch on the defensive aids suite. The radar warning receiver, missile approach warning system and laser warning receiver are quiet. Maybe this time chaff and flares will not be required. Approaching the strip, the pilots and observer look through the many cockpit windows to identify the strip. A quick circle, a sharp roll and the Spartan lines up to land. Touchdown! Thankfully, the outstanding landing gear is designed for unprepared surfaces. The strip is barely fifty feet wide, but the pilots achieve a perfect star turn in just two maneuvers. The rangers are ready to drive out almost before the ramp comes down. There is nothing to reassemble, so the loadmaster wishes the team good luck and waves them off. Almost before realizing it, the ramp is locked in the up position and the C-27J accelerates up the strip, becoming airborne in about 1800 feet and dashing out at full speed before climbing to cruising altitude. Mission accomplished!
The Program Designed for military roles since its inception, the C-27J “Spartan” is the only true tactical military airlifter in its class. It is equipped with state-of-the-art military avionics, also compliant with civil regulations, and a powerful propulsion system. Both are directly derived from the C-130J and consequently offer a high level of commonality. Cockpit philosophy, data presentation and avionics architecture (MIL-STD-1553) are the same as on the C-130J. The C-27J features top of the class loading capability, excellent maneuverability and handling, high survivability, a high degree of interoperability with heavier airlifters, autonomous operations even from/to remote, unprepared, short and narrow airstrips. Conceived to provide a superior military tactical airlift capability, the C-27J is the best and most technologically advanced solution to meet even the most demanding military requirements. The extremely rugged and very modern C-27J can perform a full range of missions effectively, efficiently and reliably, from airlifting troops, supplies, vehicles, equipment and casualties to airdropping paratroops, materiel and equipment. With its low life-cycle costs, high versatility and highly responsive worldwide support, the C-27J is the smart and affordable airlift answer. Over 80 C-27J airlifters have been ordered by the Italian, Hellenic, Bulgarian, Lithuanian, Romanian, Moroccan, Mexican and Australian Air Forces and by the US Air National Guard. The C-27J has been also selected by Slovak Air Force.
Cargo Capabilities The C-27J cargo bay has the largest cross section in its class (3.33 m wide x 2.60 m high), a large rear ramp (2.45 m wide x 2.25 m high) and a very strong cargo floor (the maximum load per floor length unit is 4,900 kg/m throughout the entire fuselage length). To ease loading/unloading operations where no external support is available, fuselage height and inclination can both be adjusted. The aircraft cargo loading system is designed to handle standard 463L pallets (88 x 108 x 83 inches) and/or platforms and many types of cargo loads, all of which can be easily loaded, carried and airdropped. The 463L pallets can be easily transferred from larger transport aircraft in NATO or international operations, without any load repacking or reconfiguration. The C-27J allows HMMWV-class vehicles to roll on-roll off without any disassembly. Aircraft loading aids, including a winch, cargo nets, traps, chains, ramps and jacks can be stowed on board the aircraft to allow autonomous operations in remote locations. Thanks to multiple, easily installed and transported mission kits, the C-27J can be configured to carry out the following missions, all with the presence of a loadmaster: Troop Transport tVQUPUSPPQT TUBOEBSEwXJEFTFBUT
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VIP/Passenger transport tVQUP7*1QMVTFTDPSUQBTTFOHFSTQMVTBTFSWJDFNPEVMFPOTUBOEBSEQBMMFUT - 1 pallet (108” x 88”) with 6 business class type seats and 2 working tables; - 2 pallets (108” x 88”) with 9 economy class type seats each; - 1 pallet (54” x 88”) with a service module including a commercial type toilet and a wardrobe tEJòFSFOUDPNCJOBUJPOTBSFQPTTJCMFGPSFYBNQMFGPSVQUPQBTTFOHFSTPOQBMMFUT FUD 4
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Performance The C-27J offers the best performance in its class. The optimal payload, range, STOL capabilities, cruise altitude and speed combination makes the C-27J the reference for tactical airlifters. Range: 950 with a 8,600 kg payload; 1,850 nm with a 6,000 kg payload Ferry range: 3,160 nm (Reserve: 45 min at 5,000 ft) Outstanding ground performance: 580 m T/O ground run @ MTOW (30,500 kg) and 375 m landing roll @ MLW (29,000 kg)
PAYLOAD RANGE AE2100D2A Engine 12,000
Fuel Reserve Holding 45' at 5000 ft
2.25 g
Payload (Kg)
10,000 2.5 g
8,000
3g
6,000 4,000 2,000 0 0
1,000
500
2,000 1,500 Range (nm)
2,500
3,000
3,500
Outstanding ground performance: 580 m T/O ground run @ MTOW (30,500kg) and 375 m landing roll @ MLW (29,000kg)
TACTICAL LANDING - GROUND ROLL
TACTICAL TAKEOFF - GROUND RUN
HARD RUNWAY - FULL REVERSE @ ISA Condition, S.L.
1,000
1,000
900
900
800
800
Ground Roll (m)
Ground Run (m)
HARD RUNWAY @ ISA Condition, S.L.
700 600 500 400 300 200
600 500 400 300 200
100 0 20,000
700
100 22,000
24,000
26,000
28,000
30,000
0 20,000
32,000
22,000
32,000
MAX CRUISE SPEED
ISA Condition 35,000
35,000
30,000
30,000
25,000
25,000 Altitude (ft)
Altitude (ft)
30,000
Maximum Cruise Speed: 315 KTAS @ 95% MTOW
OPERATING CEILING
20,000 15,000 All Engine Operative One Engine Out
ISA - 95 % MTOW
20,000 Flap: UP
15,000 10,000 5,000
5,000 0 20,000
28,000
Landing Weight (kg)
Cruise Altitude: up to 30,000 ft
10,000
26,000
24,000
Takeoff Weight (kg)
Rating max continuous 22,000
24,000
26,000
Weight (kg)
28,000
30,000
32,000
0 250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
Max Speed (KTAS)
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Avionics The C-27J includes a state-of-the-art, off-the-shelf suite of military equipment integrated through a MIL-STD-1553B redundant digital data bus architecture. The avionics system, directly derived from the C-130J, is the most advanced available on tactical airlifters and is compatible with emerging Future Air Navigation System (FANS) requirements. The modern, two-pilot Glass Cockpit is fully compatible with NVIS requirements. Built-in growth capability can support specific customer requirements. Communication
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Navigation
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Radar System Northrop Grumman AN/APN-241 Low Power Color Radar (LPCR) with the following modes of operation:
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Other Equipment
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General Systems 5IF$+IBTBQPXFSGVMBOEQSPWFOQSPQVMTJPOTZTUFN EJSFDUMZEFSJWFEGSPNUIF$+ GFBUVSJOHUXP3PMMT3PZDF"&%"UVSCPQSPQFOHJOFT each with a 4,637 SHP Max Take-off rating and two Dowty R391/6-132-F/10, six-blade, all-composite propellers, with a 13.5’ diameter. &BDIFOHJOFQSPQFMMFSJTDPOUSPMMFECZUXP SFEVOEBOU TJOHMFDIBOOFM'VMM"VUIPSJUZ%JHJUBM&MFDUSPOJD$POUSPM '"%&$ VOJUT")1DMBTT)BNJMUPO Sundstrand Power Systems Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) makes the aircraft completely independent from external ground support and also permits engines to be restarted in flight in case of emergency. The independent nose and main landing gear trailing arm configuration allows good flotation capability on strips with CBR as low as 2 and a landing sink rate up to 12 ft/sec. 5IFQSFTTVSJ[BUJPOTZTUFNNBJOUBJOTTFBMFWFMQSFTTVSFVQUP GUøJHIUBMUJUVEFBOEBEJòFSFOUJBMQSFTTVSFPGQTJVQUP GU 5IFBJSDPOEJUJPOJOHTZTUFNEJHJUBMMZDPOUSPMTUIFUFNQFSBUVSFJOUXPDBCJO[POFT DBSHPBOEDPDLQJU XIJMFBMTPPòFSJOHNBOVBMCBDLVQDPOUSPMT The fire protection system provides fire and overheating detection and fire extinguishing in the two engine nacelles and APU compartment. It also includes cargo compartment smoke detection and 3 portable bottle fire extinguishers (1 in the cockpit and 2 in the cargo area). 5IFJDFQSPUFDUJPOTZTUFNJODMVEFTQOFVNBUJDCPPUTBOEFMFDUSJDBMXJOETIJFMETXJUIEJHJUBMEVBMDIBOOFMDPOUSPMMFS5IFXJOHT WFSUJDBMBOEIPSJ[POUBM TUBCJMJ[FST FOHJOFBJSJOUBLFTBOEQSPQFMMFSTBSFUIVTDPNQMFUFMZQSPUFDUFE The oxygen system features 3x10 liter liquid oxygen converters, which at 25,000 ft provide oxygen for 3 crew members for up to 14.5 hrs and to 46 troops for up to 2.5 hrs; there are also 5 emergency oxygen cylinders. The electrical system includes three independent generators (one driven by each engine and one by the APU) each providing 60 KVA, at 115/200 VAC BOE)[%$QPXFSJTQSPWJEFEUISPVHIUISFF"5SBOTGPSNFS3FDUJöFS6OJUT 536 The system also includes two 24 V, 40 Ah, 20 Cells Ni-Cd batteries (one dedicated to the emergency system and one shared between the emergency system and the APU starting system). The electrical system accepts DC and AC external power. With two fully operational generators, the electrical system produces 50% more power than the maximum required for a night combat mission in icing conditions, without performance degradation. 5IFIZESBVMJDTZTUFNJODMVEFTUXPGVMMZJOEFQFOEFOU QTJTZTUFNT FBDIBTTPDJBUFEUPBOFOHJOF&BDITZTUFNJTQSPWJEFEXJUIBOFOHJOFESJWFO pump (50 l/min) and an AC electrical motor pump (25 l/min). Both ACMPs can be powered by the APU generator. Should a hydraulic system fail, the other can satisfy all the aircraft hydraulic power demands. All critical loads are powered by both systems. The fuel system includes four independent wing tanks (total capacity: 12,320 liters) with cross-feed capability and two independent fuel feed systems. 1SFTTVSJ[FESFGVFMJOHEFGVFMJOHJTQFSGPSNFEWJBBTJOHMFBDDFTTQPJOU XJUIGPVSBDDFTTQPJOUTGPSHSBWJUZSFGVFMJOH The fuel jettison subsystem operates throughout the flight envelope, with a 266 kg/min nominal jettison flow rate. The system also includes an On #PBSE *OFSU (BT (FOFSBUJOH 4ZTUFN 0#*((4 UPBWPJEGVFMUBOLTFYQMPTJPOVOEFSIPTUJMFöSFJOiIPU[POFTw5IFBJSDSBGUDBOCFSFGVFMFEJOøJHIUUISPVHIBO optional Air-to-Air Refueling probe. The reliable, conventional type, mechanical Flight Control System includes fully powered elevators, state-of-the-art digitally-controlled Q-Feel System and a Jamming Override Mechanism (JOM) to disconnect the two control lines in case of jamming. Rudder travel limitation control is automatically provided by a digital unit, which takes aircraft speed into account. Thanks to the integration between flight controls and avionics, the C-27J features a state-of-the-art digital stall warning system, a Digital Autopilot and a take-off configuration warning system. The external lighting system has three anti-collision and navigation operational modes (Normal, Covert (IR) and NVIS compatible) and two for landing, taxing, formation and wing inspection (Normal and Covert). The internal lighting system is NVIS compatible (through a specific Night Vision Goggle mode) and includes two dome lights, two flood lights and two utility lights in the cockpit, 16 dome lights and 10 floor lights in the cargo area plus the emergency lighting system. As to equipment and furnishings, crew seats are built according to MIL-S-25073 and troop/paratroops seats meet MIL-S-27184B standards. An electrical cargo winch system and two remotely controlled independent retrieval winches for paratroops (one for each static line) are included. Additional features to enhance crew and passengers comfort include a lavatory with electrical flushing toilet, a 0.85 l capacity hot cup, drinking water containers and dispensers with a 22 l capacity and thermal/acoustic panels made of primary and secondary blankets. An optional galley is also available. 11
Mission profile examples Tactical Operations: Force Sustainment ISA conditions, LRC Procedure Reserves: 45 min holding @ 5,000 ft
MOB
FOB
@9
30 N
M ra
dius
FOB Field Condition: CBR 4
Payload: 6,000 kg (Material, Personnel)
Tactical Operations: "Hot Zone" Commando Penetration - Hi/Lo/Hi Profile ISA conditions, LRC Transfer Flight, 100 nm Penetration at Max Speed and 150 ft altitude Reserves: 45 min holding @ 5,000 ft
FOB Field Condition: CBR 4
"Ho
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1,33
0 NM
radi
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"Hot Zone" Commando: 7 fully equipped soldiers + 1 armored vehicle 12
Field Condition: CBR 4
Tactical Operations: "Hot Zone" LAPES Insertion - Hi/Lo/Hi Profile ISA conditions, LRC Transfer Flight, 100 NM Penetration at Max Speed and 150 ft altitude Reserves: 45 min holding @ 5,000 ft
MOB
"Ho
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1,01
0 NM
Payload: 88" Platform (5,000 kg)
radi
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"Hot Zone"
Tactical Operations: Force Sustainment beyond High Mountains ISA conditions, LRC Procedure Reserves: 45 min holding @ 5,000 ft
MOB
FOB Payload: 5,000 kg Flight Level: 26,000 ft
Field Condition: CBR 4 13
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A Finmeccanica Company
