BRITISH STANDARD
Coatin Coat ing g plan plants ts — Comb Co mbin ined ed boot booths hs — Safety requirements
ICS 87.100
BS EN 13355:2004
BS EN 13355:2004+A1:2009
National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13355:2004+A1:2009. It supersedes BS EN 13355:2004, which is withdrawn. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags. Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment. For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by .
The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MCE/3/8, Thermoprocessing equipment. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.
This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 19 Ja Janu nuar ary y 20 2005 05 © BSI 2009
ISBN 978 0 580 63169 6
Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date 31 May 2009 2009
Comments Implem Imp lement entati ation on of of CEN CEN amend amendmen mentt A1:20 A1:2009 09
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 13355:2004+A1
NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2009
ICS 87.100
Supersedes EN 13355:2004
English Version
Coating plants - Combined booths - Safety requirements Installations d'application Cabines mixtes d'application et de séchage Prescriptions de sécurité
Beschichtungsanlagen Kombinierte Spritz und Trocknungskabinen Sicherheitsanforderungen
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 November 2004 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 22 February 2009. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without without any alteration. alteration. Up to date lists and bibliographical bibliographical references references concerning such national national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2009 CEN
All rights rights of exploitation in any form and by any any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members.
Ref. No. EN 13355:2004+A1:2009: E
BS EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 (E)
Contents Page Foreword...................................................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................................ .............. 4 Introduction .................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................................. ............................................... 5 1
Scope ................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................................................. .............................................................. 6
2
Normative references .................................................................................................................................... 7
3
Terms and definitions ......................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... .......................... 9
4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10
List of significant haza rds .......................................................................................................................... 11 General ......................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................. ...... 11 Mechanical hazards ............................................................................................................ ..................................................................................................................................... ......................... 11 Electrical hazards ..................................................................... ................................................................................................................................. ................................................................... ....... 12 Thermal hazards .................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................................... ........................................................ 12 Hazards generated by noise ....................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................... 12 Hazards g enerated by radiation ................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. 13 Hazards resulting resu lting from dangerous substances ....................................................................................... ....................................................................................... 13 Fire and explosion hazards h azards ........................................................................................................................ 13 Hazards caused by failure fai lure of the ener gy supply and malf unction of the control system ................... 14 Hazards caused by emergency emer gency stop devices ........................................................................................... ........................................................................................... 14
5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10
Safety requirements and/or measures ...................................................................................................... 14 General.......................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................................... 14 Mechanical ................................................................................. .............................................................................................................................................. ................................................................... ...... 15 Electrical ........................................................................ .................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................... ...................16 Thermal ......................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................ ......16 Noise ....................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................................ ...................................................................... ..... 16 Radiation .................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................... ....... 17 Safety requirements r equirements against dangerou s substances substance s .............................................................................. .............................................................................. 17 Fire and explosion preve ntion and protection ......................................................................................... 19 Failure of energy supply suppl y and malfunction of the control contr ol system ........................................................... 23 Emergency stop devices ........................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................. ..................... 24
6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 6.10
Verification of the safety measure and/or measures ............................................................................... ............................................................................... 24 General ........................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................... .................. 24 Mechanical................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................... ................... 24 Electrical ......................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................. ..................24 Thermal ......................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................ .....24 Noise ........................................................................................ ......................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................... .... 24 Radiation.................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... ................... 24 Dangerous substances .................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ........................... 24 Fire and explosion ....................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... 25 Failure of energy supply .......................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................. ................... 26 Emergency stop devices ........................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................. ..................... 26
7 7.1 7.2 7.3
Information for use ........................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... ........................... 26 General ............................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................ .............................................................................. .................. 26 Instruction handbook .................................................................................................................................. 27 Marking ............................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................... .......................................................... .... 29
Annex A (normative) Determination of concentration of flammable solvents in terms of LEL (spraying mode) ................................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................... .... 31 A.1 Equations .................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................. ..... 31 A.2 Examples of calculation ......................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................. ..... 32 Annex B (normative) Measurement of air velocities ............................................................................................. 34
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B.1 B.2
Instrumentation............................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................ 34 Measurement conditions ............................................................................................................................ 34
Annex C (informative) Classification of material’s r eaction to the fire – National standards ........................... ........................... 41 Annex D (informative) References to national exposure limit values ................................................................. 42 Annex E (informative) Equivalence between zone description and categories of ignition protection ............ 43 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC !, amended by 98/79/EC" .......................................................................... 44 Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC" ........................................................................................... .......................................................................................... 45 Bibliography .................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................................................. ..........................................................46
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BS EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 (E)
Foreword This document (EN 13355:2004+A1:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 271 “Surface treatment equipment — Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s) 98/37/EC and 94/9/EC. !For
relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document." This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2009-02-22. This document supersedes EN 13355:2004. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! ". This document is part of a series of standards in the area of safety for development and construction of machines and plants for the coating of surfaces with organic substances (paints, varnishes and similar products). This document is mainly based on EN 12215 and EN 1539. NOTE Although a spray booth, as an integral whole, formally does not fall under the scope of the ATEX Directive 94/9/EC, 94/9/EC, the document is based upon a fundamental risk analysis according to this directive.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
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Introduction This document is a C-type standard as stated in EN ISO 12100. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.
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1
Scope
This document is applicable to combined booths for the application of organic liquid coating materials by an operator with maximum drying temperature of 100 °C and deals with all hazards significant for combined booths, when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see clause 4). To the extent of this document, a combined booth is considered an assembly of the following equipment:
forced ventilation by one or more fans,
ventilation air heating heating system system (e. g. heat exchanger exchanger or burner),
power driven dampers, forced ventilation ducting,
dry air filtering and/or wet air washing systems,
automatic fire extinguishing equipment and additional specific specific electrical equipment,
control and power circuits joined together for the spraying and drying process of liquid coating material in a space totally enclosed provided with forced ventilation.
working pit, in special case.
This document does not cover: a) booths for automatic spraying, powder spray booths, open booths, and portable heaters. b) design of the building foundations upon which a booth is installed; c) the civil engineering and building design where a booth is constructed as, or to use part of, a new or existing building; d) spraying equipment (see EN 1953), automatic devices for spraying systems like robots (see (s ee EN 775) or reciprocators or similar systems, conveyors, lifts and continuous handling equipment and systems (see EN 619). This document is not applicable to combined booths which are manufactured before the date of publication of this standard by CEN.
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2
Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 418, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop equipment, functional aspects — Principles for design EN 525, Non-domestic direct gas-fired forced convection air heaters for space heating not exceeding a net heat input of 300 kW EN 563, Safety of machinery — Temperatures of touchable surfaces — Ergonomics data to establish temperature limit values for hot surfaces
EN 746-1, Industrial thermoprocessing equipment — Part 1: Common safety requirements for industrial thermoprocessing equipment
EN 746-2, Industrial thermoprocessing equipment — Part 2: Safety requirements for combustion and fuel handling systems
EN 954-1, Safety of machinery — Safety related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for design EN 971-1:1996, Paints and varnishes — Terms and definitions for coating materials — Part 1: General terms EN 981, Safety of machinery — System of auditory and visual danger and information signals EN 982, Safety of machinery — Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components — Hydraulics EN 983, Safety of machinery — Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components — Pneumatics EN 1037, Safety of machinery — Prevention of unexpected start-up EN 1088, Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards — Principles for design and selection EN 1127-1:1997, Explosive atmospheres — Explosion Exp losion prevention pr evention and a nd protection pr otection — Part Par t 1: Basic concepts and methodology
EN 1539:2000; Dryers and ovens, in which flammable substances are released — Safety requirements EN 1953, Atomising and spraying spraying equipment equipment for for coating materials materials — Safety Safety requirements requirements e quipment — Safety !EN 12753", Thermal cleaning systems for exhaust gas from surface treatment equipment requirements
EN 12433-1, Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates — Terminology — Part 1: Types of doors EN 12433-2, Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates — Terminology — Part 2: Parts of doors EN 12445, Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates — Safety in use of power operated doors — Test methods
EN 12453, Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates — Safety in use of power operated doors — Requirements
EN 12635, Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates — Installation and use EN 12978, Industrial, commercial and garage doors and gates — Safety devices for power operated doors and gates — Requirements and test methods
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EN 13463-1:2001, Non-electrical equipment for potentially explosive atmospheres — Part 1: Basic method and requirements
EN 13463-5, Non-electrical equipment intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres — Part 5: Protection by constructional safety "c"
EN 13478, Safety of machinery — Fire prevention and protection !EN 14462:2005, Surface treatment equipment — Noise test code for surface treatment equipment including its ancillary handling equipment — equipment — Accuracy grades 2 and 3 " !EN 14986", Design of fans working in potentially explosive atmospheres
EN 60079-0, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres — Part 0: General requirements (IEC 60079-0:2004) EN 60079-15, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres — Part 15: Type of protection “n” (IEC 60079-15:2001, modified)
EN 60204-1:1997, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements (IEC 60204-1:1997)
EN 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) EN 61000-6-1, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 6-1: Generic standards; Immunity for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-1:1997, modified)
EN 61000-6-3, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 6-3: Generic standards; Emission standard for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-3:1996, modified)
EN 61000-6-4, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) — Part 6-4: Generic standards; Emission standard for industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-4:1997, modified)
EN ISO 3746, Acoustics Acoustics — Determination Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure — Survey method using an enveloping measurement surface over a reflecting plane (ISO 3746:1995)
EN ISO 4871, Acoustics Acoustics — Declaration Declaration and verification verification of noise emission emission values of machinery machinery and equipment (ISO 4871:1996) Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery machinery and equipment — Measurement Measurement of emission sound EN ISO 11202, Acoustics pressure levels at a work work station and at other other specified specified positions positions — Survey method method in situ situ (ISO 11202:1995 11202:1995))
EN ISO 12100-1, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003)
EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2: Technical principles principles (ISO 12100-2:20 12100-2:2003) 03)
EN ISO 14122-2, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 2: Working platforms and walkways (ISO 14122-2:2001)
EN ISO 14122-3, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 3: Stairs, stepladders and guard-rails (ISO 14122-3:2001) mach inery — Permanent Permane nt means of access to machinery — Part 4: Fixed ladders ladd ers EN ISO 14122-4, Safety of machinery (ISO 14122-4:2004)
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3
Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 12100-1:2003 and the following apply. 3.1 combined booth
assembly of linked components such as fan(s), ventilation air heating system (e. g. heat exchanger or burner), power driven dampers, forced ventilation ducting, dry air filtering and/or wet air washing systems, automatic fire extinguishing equipment and additional specific electrical equipment, control and power circuits joined together for the spraying and drying process of liquid coating material in a space totally enclosed provided with a forced ventilation 3.2 working pit
ground excavation, illuminated and ventilated in which the operator works while painting the underside of an item 3.3 organic liquid coating material
organic product, in liquid liquid form, that when when applied to a substrate forms a film possessing protective, decorative and/or specific technical properties, e.g.: paints, varnishes, including their solvents and thinners (see EN 971-1) 3.4 solvent
single liquid, or blends of liquid, volatile under specified drying conditions, and in which the binder is completely soluble (see 1.4.5 of EN 971-1:1996) NOTE
Solvents are also contained in liquids used as cleaning or washing agents.
3.5 spraying
application of coating material on an item within the combined booth by pneumatic, airless, electrostatic or combination of these spraying systems 3.6 drying
evaporation of liquids from the materials being processed (see 3.5 of EN 1539:2000). 3.7 curing
Transformation of a liquid, paste or powder coating material into a finished solid material (see 3.8 of EN 1539:2000) NOTE
Also known as gelling, through curing or through drying.
3.8 forced ventilation
air circulation achieved by one or several fans 3.9 recirculated air
air extracted from the volume and reintroduced into it 3.10 air cleaning (filtering system)
Filtering system used for introducing clean air into the booth and cleaning contaminated air extracted from the combined booth
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3.11 flammable (combustible) substances
substance in the form of gas, vapour, liquid, solid or mixtures of these, able to undergo an exothermic reaction with air when ignited (see 3.1 of EN 1127-1:1997) NOTE "Combustible materials" and "flammable substances" are equivalently used terms in this standard. Examples are paint aerosols and solvents. 3.12 explosive atmosphere
mixture with air, under atmospheric conditions, of flammable substance(s) in the form of gas, vapour, mist or dust, in which after ignition has occurred, combustion spreads to the entire unburned mixture (see EN 1127-1) 3.13 lower explosion limit (LEL)
lower limit of the range of concentration of a combustible in air over which an explosion can occur (3.8 and 3.13 of EN 1127-1:1997) NOTE ”Explosion limit” and ”Ignition limit” are equivalent. In accordance with international usage, only the term ”explosion limit" is used in this standard. 3.14 total space
net volume within the booth during spraying and drying processes which may contain released substances. It includes all sections of the combined booth recirculation system(s) and ends at the outlet connection to the external exhaust NOTE It does not include any items loaded into the combined booth, supports, transport systems or thermal cleaning systems (see !EN 12753"). 3.15 hazardous areas
areas where hazards due to explosive atmosphere may exist. The probability of occurrence of explosive atmosphere is classified in zones 3.15.1 zone 0
place in which an explosive atmosphere consisting of a mixture with air of flammable substances in the form of gas, vapour or mist is present continuously or for long periods or frequently (see 6.3.2 of EN 1127-1:1997) 3.15.2 zone 1
place in which an explosive atmosphere consisting of a mixture with air of flammable substances in the form of gas, vapour or mist is likely to occur in normal operation occasionally (see 6.3.2 of EN 1127-1:1997) 3.15.3 zone 2
place in which an explosive atmosphere consisting of a mixture with air of flammable substances in the form of gas, vapour or mist is not likely to occur in normal operation but, if it does occur, will persist for a short period only (see 6.3.2 of EN 1127-1:1997) 3.16 Equipment category
3.16.1 Equipment Group II Category 1
equipment in this category is intended for use in areas in which explosive atmospheres caused by mixtures of air and gases, vapours or mists are present continuously for long periods or frequently (see 3.2.3 of EN 13463-1:2001) NOTE
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Equipment of category 1 is suitable for use in zone 0.
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3.16.2 Equipment Group II Category 2
equipment in this category is intended for use in areas in which explosive atmospheres caused by mixtures of air and gases, vapours or mists are likely to occur (see 3.2.4 of EN 13463-1:2001) NOTE
Equipment of category 2 is suitable for use in zone 1.
3.16.3 Equipment Group II Category 3
equipment in this category is intended for use in areas in which explosive atmospheres caused by mixtures of air and gases, vapours or mists are unlikely to occur, or, if they do occur, are likely to do so only in frequently and for a short period only (see 3.2.5 of EN 13463-1:2001) NOTE
Equipment of category 3 is suitable for use in zone 2.
3.17 exposure limits
concentration limits of hazardous substances in air required by worker health legislation NOTE
Limits are different according to the countries (see Annex !D").
3.18 maximum drying temperature
upper limit of circulated air temperature within the working area for which the combined booth is designed 3.19 ventilation air heating system
heat generating and air heat exchanger system direct or indirect, which may include burner, combustion chamber, heat exchanger, fan(s), inlet, exhaust and recirculation ducts, enclosures and ancillaries, measuring and control devices
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List of significant hazards
4.1
General
This clause contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events as far as they are dealt with in this standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk. All hazards generated by spraying equipment for liquid paint and varnish and their ancillary devices are cov ered by EN 1953. NOTE
4.2
Information on the method of risk analysis is given in EN 1050.
Mechanical hazards
4.2.1
Shearing, crushing and drawing in
These hazards are related to:
unexpected actuation of conveyor (whilst loading loading the combined booth)
fans (e.g. injuries injuries caused by after-running of fan blades) and air change valves for the combined booth
damper adjusters (power driven dampers),
moving parts of combined booth (e.g. (e.g. doors, gates and and hoods). 11
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4.2.2
Entrapment of operators
These hazards are related to:
obstacles or obstructions which can impede evacuation from the combined booth including any working pit in case of mechanical accident or the occurrence of fire;
accidental significant lowering of pressure pressure inside the combined booth (i.e.: obstruction of air air inlet) capable of
clamping the doors by mechanical deformation of the structure of the combined booth;
increasing the door opening effort beyond beyond human capability. capability.
4.2.3
Hazards resulting from the operator slipping or falling:
These hazards are related to:
ladders, gangways, platform or stairs;
floor gratings;
slippery floors;
These hazards may be increased as a result of poor lighting. 4.3
Electrical hazards
4.3.1
Electrical shock (by direct or indirect contact)
These hazards are related to:
electrically live parts that are non insulated for operational reasons (for instance in electrostatic devices);
live parts when insulation is damaged by contact with solvents or by mechanical means.
4.3.2
External influence on electrical equipment
These hazards are related to:
4.4
interaction of the electrostatic high voltage equipment elements of the control and safety systems which can cause dangerous malfunctions, e. g. short circuits on electronic safety circuits, entrance guards, alarm units. Thermal hazards
These hazards are related to:
4.5
contact with hot surfaces within easy reach. Hazards generated by noise
These hazards are related to combined booths and can be present inside as well as outside the booth. They can be generated by noises emitted for instance by: fans;
12
excessive air velocity in ducts and accessories;
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wet air washing systems;
air operated operated equipment ( nozzles of atomising and spraying equipment, pumps, valves...).
4.6
Hazards generated by radiation
These hazards are related to the use of infra-red radiation (IR) causing
damage to the eyes,
burning.
4.7
Hazards resulting from dangerous substances
Contact with/or absorption of, fluids (paints, solvents, hydraulic and thermal fluid) which are dangerous to health causing damage to the skin or eyes or dermatitis or allergies.
4.7.1
4.7.2
Inhalation of aerosols and solvent vapours released by organic liquid coating materials.
4.7.3
Inhalation of toxic gases released from the heating device (e.g. heating and combustion gases).
4.7.4
Inhalation of dangerous gases, vapours emitted by automatic fire extinguishing equipment.
4.8
Fire and explosion hazards
4.8.1
Fire hazards
Fire hazards are related to combustible or flammable substances coming in contact with ore are ignited by:
hot surfaces (e.g. heating systems systems and electrical equipment);
sparks created by mechanically induced energy (e.g. fans and/or conveyors);
electrostatic and atmospheric discharges;
electrical sparks;
welding and other other heating sources used used during maintenance operations.
NOTE
Examples of flammable substances are:
coating materials, solvents or thinners;
elements of construction;
condensates and deposits of paint paint in the insulation materials, pits , exhaust ducts and filters;
fuels used in heating and drying system burners;
flammable liquid products used for cleaning;
petrol vapours from a vehicle fuel tank (in case of vehicle refinishing).
4.8.2
Explosion hazards
Explosion hazards are related to an increase of the concentration of flammable substances in air exceeding the lower explosion limit (LEL) and coming in contact with or are ignited by
hot surfaces (e.g. heating systems systems and electrical equipment);
sparks created by mechanically induced energy (e.g. fans and/or conveyors); 13
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electrostatic and atmospheric discharges;
electrical sparks;
welding and other heating sources used during during maintenance operations.
NOTE
4.9
Examples of of flammable flammable substances which increase concentration above the lower explosion explosion limit: limit:
solvent vapours from the spraying and drying process;
gases from fuels and/or products of combustion of the heating system;
gases released from deposits;
combustible heating gases;
petrol vapours.
Hazards caused by failure of the energy energy supply and malfunction of the control system system
4.9.1
Failure of energy supplies can lead to:
Loss of of monitoring functions resulting in hazardous reduction of ventilation flow rate;
unexpected shutdown of control devices;
loss of monitoring functions resulting in a hazardous increase of solvent concentration;
loss of monitoring functions resulting in a hazardous reduction of recirculation flow rate;
loss of lighting.
4.9.2
Hazards due to failure or malfunction of the control system (unexpected start-up) which can lead to:
Incorrect position position of dampers resulting in a hazardous increase of solvent solvent concentration;
wrong sequence of essential control functions resulting in a start of heating before forced ventilation is activated;
malfunction of temperature temperature monitoring devices resulting in a hazardous increase of the temperatures of of the heating system.
4.10 Hazards caused by emergency stop devices
The use of emergency stop devices can lead to an interruption of the exhaust flow rate or of the recirculation flow rate and can have as a consequence hazardous reduction in the forced ventilation flow rate, hazardous increase of concentration of flammable substances (see 4.8.2).
5 5.1
Safety requirements and/or measures General
Machinery shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause. In addition, the machine shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100 for hazards relevant but not significant which are not dealt with by this document (e.g. sharp edges). NOTE Hazards generated by spraying equipment for organic liquid coating materials and their ancillary devices are covered by EN 1953.
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5.2
Mechanical
5.2.1
Shearing, crushing and drawing in
The design shall avoid injury due to shearing, crushing or drawing-in by movement of machinery and/or parts of equipment. Contact with dangerous moving parts shall be prevented by the following measures:
for fans and automated dampers adjusters: fitting of of distance guards;
for power power operated doors: mechanical or light sensitive protective devices;
for doors, gates gates and hoods: (re)movable guards, hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically interlocked with the hazardous movement or event.
!When
fixed guards are applied, they shall be fixed by systems that can be opened or removed only with tools. Their fixing systems shall remain attached to the guards or to the machinery when the guards are removed. Where possible, these guards shall be designed in such a way that they can only remain in place using their fixing system." If automatic devices for spraying systems like robots or reciprocators or similar systems are installed, access to dangerous areas requires doors or other protective devices (mechanical or light sensitive) interlocked with the hazardous movement or event (see also 5.8.2.5). NOTE 5.2.2
Robots are dealt with in EN 775. Entrapment of persons
Combined booths shall be designed so that in case of an emergency all persons entrapped can find their way out of the combined booth in the quickest possible time, without being hindered by obstructions. NOTE
Auxiliary use of robots or similar automatic devices is excluded from the scope (see scope, exclusions under d)).
The doors provided for personnel:
shall be capable of being opened from inside and outside
shall be capable capable of being opened from inside by a mere push, independent of the air pressure (high or low) within the combined booth,
shall be self-closing,
shall have a minimum 800 mm width and minimum 2000 2000 mm height (free opening).
Combined booths shall be provided with a minimum of two permanently accessible and normally non-lockable doors placed as far as practically possible apart from each other. Also when the booth is loaded the operator shall not have more than 10m to travel in order to reach at least one of these doors. If the booth-loading door can be opened by a mere push from the inside only one additional personnel door shall be required. If the longest wall is less than 5m a single door is considered to be sufficient. Power-operated doors as well as vertical and horizontal sliding doors cannot be considered as personnel door. Power-operated doors shall comply with EN 12433, EN 12445, EN 12453, EN 12635 and EN 12978. In addition the length and width of combined booths shall be a minimum of 1m on each side than of the biggest item to be painted.
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5.2.3
Slip and fall
Gratings, platforms and other surfaces likely to be walked upon shall be designed so as to minimise the risk of slipping or falling. Ladders, gangways and railings shall comply with EN ISO 14122-2, EN ISO 14122-3 and EN ISO 14122-4. The grid sections, platforms or similar equipment shall be securely located within their housings, to avoid movement and instability. The combined booth shall be provided with adequate lighting, with 600 lux minimum. 5.3
Electrical
5.3.1
General
Electrical equipment shall comply with EN 60204-1. 5.3.2
Electrical equipment
Protection against electrical shock shall comply with requirements of clause 6 of EN 60204-1:1997. The insulation of electrical equipment shall be resistant against solvents and other fluids. Electrical equipment shall be protected against outside mechanical influence. All mechanical conductive parts shall be earthed (see EN 60204-1) NOTE EN 1953. 5.3.3
For spraying equipment, and ancillary equipment see EN 1953. For hand-held electrostatic guns see EN 50050 and
External influence on electrical equipment
All systems s ystems and apparatus apparat us relevant for f or safety shall be constructed in such way that they cannot be influenced by electromagnetic disturbances (see EN 61000-6-1, EN 61000-6-3, EN 61000-6-4). 5.4
Thermal
Protection against burns by hot surfaces shall be secured by means of appropriate insulation or protection against contact of all elements within arm ’s reach and within the working area. According to EN 563 at an ambient am bient temperature of 20 °C the surface temperature shall be less than 60 °C. Exceptions are permissible in small localised areas of the surface (for example flanges of burners, bolts, fan and roller shaft). NOTE
5.5
For safety of hot spraying systems, see EN 1953.
Noise
A combined booth shall be so designed and constructed that risks resulting from the emission em ission of airborne noise are reduced to the lowest level taking account of technical progress and the availability of means of reducing noise, in particular at source. The following measures can be adopted – where possible:
equipment set on anti-vibration supports;
flexible connections between the ducts and especially between fans and ducts;
choice of fan speed according to the most favourable noise curves;
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air velocity reduction in ducts;
ducts soundproofing;
means to avoid transmission to the structure of the combined booth, of vibrations, vibrations, resonances and any other noise generated by ancillary equipment that is permanently installed and connected to the booth.
NOTE 1 This list is not not exhaustive. EN ISO 11688-1 gives gives general technical information on widely recognised technical technical rules and means to design low-noise machinery. NOTE 2
EN ISO 11688-2 gives useful information on noise generation mechanisms in machinery.
NOTE 3
For noise emitted by air compressors and spraying equipment equipment see EN 1012-1 and EN 1953.
5.6
Radiation
Infra-red heating systems shall be designed and constructed to minimise any harmful effect of radiation. The protection can be achieved by the following measures:
interlocking of all doors to shut down the heating system to prevent entry by personnel when the heaters are in use
special barriers or special enclosure of the light tube.
Additional warning signs shall be fitted on the outside of the doors (see 7.2.1). 5.7
Safety requirements against dangerous substances
5.7.1
Contact with/or absorption of dangerous fluids (paints, solvents)
Contact with or absorption of dangerous substances sprayed shall be reduced by forced ventilation as far as possible (see 5.7.2). See also provisions for the information for use to be included in the instruction handbook in 7.2.2. 5.7.2 5.7.2.1
Inhalation of aerosols and solvent vapours Forced ventilation
In order to avoid inhalation of aerosols and solvent vapours the combined booth shall have an adequate forced ventilation taking into account:
type of application,
size and shape of items,
amount of dangerous substances sprayed,
exposure limit values relevant to the used coating material (examples given in annex !D").
5.7.2.2
Airflow
The following measures shall be applied: Measures to prevent an atmosphere contaminated by aerosols and solvent vapours of organic liquid coating materials above the exposure limit values.
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The airflow shall be as uniform as possible. Furthermore, the escape of air containing solvent vapours in hazardous amounts or concentrations from the booth shall be prevented (e.g. preferably by maintaining a negative pressure within the booth). The airflow shall be directed in such a way that the operator is protected against inhalation of air contaminated by organic liquid coating materials at dangerous levels. For residual risks emanating from the hazards dealt with in this clause see 7.2.2. 5.7.2.3
Air velocity
Combined booths shall be designed for air velocities specified below for empty booth conditions as described in a), b) and c): a)
For combined booths for similar items (e.g.: small vehicles, vans) and combined booths for large large similar items (e.g.: buses, trucks):
The average of measured air velocities shall be at least 0,30 m/s,
Single measured values shall be at least least 0,25 0,25 m/s.
Corresponding measurement points are specified in annex B. b)
For combined booths for industrial items of various sizes: The air velocity at any point shall not be less than 0,30 m/s.
c)
For combined booths with a working pit air velocities specified below shall be measured inside the working pit. The average of measured air velocities inside the working pit shall be at least 0,30 m/s. Single measured values inside the working pit shall be at least 0,25 m/s. Corresponding measurement points are specified in annex B.
Special air velocities are acceptable for a combined booth where very long items are to be painted (e.g.: train carriages, aeroplane), but the health and safety of the operator shall be ensured. The conditions for the health of the operator inside the combined booth shall be evaluated by special risk assessment. The use of personal breathing protective devices is required when spraying inside enclosures (e.g. train carriages, trucks, busses or in a working pit within the booth, see clause 7.2.2). 5.7.2.4
Monitoring of air velocity
Combined booths shall be provided with a device that is capable of monitoring air velocity performance. The ventilation air velocity shall not fall below that specified in 5.7.2.3 (see 5.8.2.5.1.). Failure of the ventilation system, or insufficient ventilation, shall be indicated by a visual and audible alarm (see EN 981). 5.7.3
Inhalation of toxic gases released by the heating device
a) General Heating devices using combustible substances shall comply with specific standards EN 746-1, EN 746-2, and EN 525. To avoid reintroduction of contaminated air, the fresh air inlet duct shall be positioned apart from the exhaust air duct and (for indirect systems) the burner flue. 18
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The forced ventilation system shall be interlocked with the gas fuel admission to the burner. b) Direct fired systems Measures shall be taken to ensure that the use of a direct make-up heating system does not lead to a dangerous gas concentration from combustion exceeding the exposure limit values specified by worker health legislation (for example see annex !D"). This can be achieved by a gas monitoring device which shuts down the heating system in the event of the exposure limit values being exceeded (see annex !D"). The forced ventilation system shall be interlocked with the gas fuel admission to the burner. Burners shall comply with EN 746-1. 5.7.4
Inhalation of dangerous gases, and vapours emitted by fire extinguishing equipment
When an automatic fire extinguishing system is installed, a warning device shall be provided, which sounds before discharge of dangerous fire extinguishing materials. 5.8
Fire and explosion prevention and protection
5.8.1
Fire prevention and protection
To preclude the fast propagation of fire, all elements of construction of the combined booth and its equipment shall comply with the requirements for fire prevention and protection of machines as described in EN 13478. 5.8.1.1
Elements of construction
The following constituent elements shall be of non flammable material:
fixed elements of construction (such as walls, ceilings),
floors and gratings,
movable elements (such as loading and personnel doors),
ventilation ducts, which shall not affect the fire resistance of any wall traversed.
The heat insulation and small components parts material properties shall not support a fire or increase the risk of fire. Filters used for air inlet and cleaning of exhaust air, flexible connections and sealing mastics shall be made of non-easily flammable material. NOTE
Additional information on reaction to fire of combustible materials is given in annex !C".
5.8.1.2
Exhaust air ducts
Exhaust air ducts shall be provided with adequate hatches or removable sections for inspection and easy cleaning purposes. 5.8.1.3
5.8.1.3.1
Heating devices Ventilation air heating system (see 3.18)
Heating systems shall comply with specific standard EN 746-2. 19
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The heating system shall not function unless forced ventilation or recirculation system is in operation. The air generator inlet and burner flame shall be installed out of the spraying area and outside zone 2. 5.8.1.3.2
Over-temperature
Combined booths shall be equipped with a temperature limiting devices which in case of over-temperature (e.g. by exceeding the maximum allowed temperature) will cut off the heating system (see 5.8.2.1). Restart of the heating system shall not be automatic. The temperature control device shall indicate the temperature inside the combined booth and the set point. The temperature control and temperature limiting device shall be independent. Temperature limitation shall not be required, if the heating medium, even in the case of operational failure, cannot elevate the combined booth temperature above the maximum drying temperature. After a breakdown of the heating device a purge of the air, within the combined booth to atmosphere shall be activated. It shall not be possible to start the heating device until this purge has been completed under the condition described in 5.8.2.1. 5.8.1.3.3
Heating inside combined booth
Heating devices located inside the combined booth (e.g. IR-System, catalytic system) shall be designed so that they are not capable of igniting paint aerosols and solvent vapours. The following additional measures shall be taken:
Heating devices shall be be permanently installed inside inside the booth;
in the spray mode an IR-System shall be protected against the coating material by a hood.
Safe distance between heating elements and coated surfaces shall be stipulated (see 7.2.2). 5.8.1.4
Fire extinguishing equipment
Manually operated or automatic fire extinguishing equipment shall be provided. Installation of automatic fire extinguishing equipment depends on the size of the combined booth, the presence of operator and the risk of fire (nature of coating material, spray processes). EN 13478 shall be taken into account. 5.8.2
Explosion prevention and protection
The requirements shall ensure that the:
Concentration of flammable substances shall be maintained below 25 % of LEL by forced ventilation,
ignition sources are either eliminated eliminated or reduced (see EN 1127-1).
5.8.2.1
Forced ventilation
The following requirements shall apply during both operation modes of the combined booth. Dilution of the flammable substances is achieved by forced ventilation which shall be calculated: a) for the spraying mode (see example of calculation in annex A); 20
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b) for the drying mode (annex A and annex B of EN 1539:2000). The solvent mixture and release rates shall be taken into consideration. Forced ventilation shall ensure uniform removal and not permit pockets of flammable substances to build up to levels above the admissible concentration. The forced ventilation shall at all times scavenge all spaces, sections, ducts and exhaust systems of the combined booth, preventing concentrations of flammable substances above the limiting level anywhere (with the exception of the boundary layer of the coated material and the spraying cone). Concentration of flammable substances shall be limited to 25 % of LEL. Where dampers are used a minimum volume flow shall be ensured even with the dampers set at minimum position in order to guarantee the minimum exhaust flow rate. Heating source failure shall be followed by forced ventilation (see 5.8.1.3). The forced ventilation shall operate to purge the total space with a quantity of fresh air equal to or more than five times the total space, before the heating system can be restarted in drying mode (see also 5.8.1.3.2). The spraying device shall be able to operate only if forced ventilation is working effectively (5.8.2.5.1). In the event of forced ventilation failure, the spraying operation shall be stopped immediately and shall only be restarted when ventilation is restored. The heating system shall not function unless the forced ventilation system is operating. 5.8.2.2
Hazardous area
The classification of hazardous zones is an integral part of the safety concept for explosion prevention. The ignition prevention category of equipment and components implemented to combined booth is dependent on limitation of flammable substance concentration by forced ventilation. As the concentration of flammable substances is limited to 25 % of LEL, the internal volume of the combined booth including ducts for recirculated and exhaust air and in external volumes but within a distance up to 1 m from permanent openings are classified as zone 2 during spray mode. NOTE
Doors are not considered to be permanent openings.
5.8.2.3
Ignition sources
5.8.2.3.1
General
In order to prevent hazardous by explosive atmospheres, the design and selection of electrical and non electrical equipment shall ensure that ignition sources are avoided in any part of the system, where areas with explosion hazard are classified (see 5.8.2.2) If electrical and non electrical equipment is implemented according to their manufacturer’s instruction, then the completed system is of the same category of protection. 5.8.2.3.2
Electrical equipment
Electrical equipment installed and located in zone 2 shall be at least of category 3 complying with EN 60079-0 and EN 60079-15. In particular the following measures shall be considered:
all conductive components shall be interconnected and earthed according to EN 60204-1,
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for lighting devices fitted behind transparent impact impact resistant panels sealed sealed to the booth structure, so that solvent vapour inside the booth cannot ingress, IP 54 of EN 60529 is sufficient,
For motor outside the combined booths at least IP44 of EN 60529 shall be used. Motors shall not be positioned within an exhaust air duct,
Control panel shall be situated outside the combined booth.
5.8.2.3.3
Non electrical equipment
All non electrical equipment and components installed and located in potentially explosive atmospheres shall be designed and constructed according to good engineering practice and shall be subjected to an ignition hazard assessment in accordance with 5.2 of EN 13463-1:2001 to provide the protection required. The equipment shall satisfy the requirements of EN 13463-1and EN 13463-5. Category 3 equipment for installation in zone 2 shall not contain any effective ignition source in normal operation. In particular the following requirements shall be observed:
hot surfaces of all apparatus inside the combined booth shall not able to ignite ignite paint aerosols and solvent vapours. The admissible temperatures of these hot surfaces are described in 6.4.2 of EN 1127-1:1997;
electrostatic charges shall be avoided accordingly 7.4 7.4 of EN 13463-1:2001;
sparks caused by mechanical shocks, friction or collisions shall be avoided, especially for moving parts of fans for exhaust and recirculation air;
fans for exhaust and and recirculation air shall be protected in accordance with !EN 14986".
5.8.2.4
Explosion protection (drying mode)
5.8.2.4.1
Forced ventilation
See 5.8.2.1. 5.8.2.4.2
Control systems
See 5.8.2.5. 5.8.2.4.3
Purging
See 5.8.2.1. 5.8.2.4.4
Heating system failure/forced ventilation control
See 5.8.2.1. 5.8.2.4.5
Heating source failure/purging
See 5.8.2.1. 5.8.2.4.6
Alarms
Visual and audible alarms shall indicate all failures identified above. These failures are:
exhausted airflow/recirculated airflow less than the minimum value
failure of heating
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over temperature
5.8.2.5 5.8.2.5.1
Safety devices and control systems Electric/electronic control systems
Electrical control, monitoring and measurement systems which are used in safety related functions to avoid the formation of
dangerous gases and vapours (limitation of hazardous substances concentration in air)
and
explosive atmospheres (5.8.2.1 limitation of flammable substances concentration)
shall fulfil the requirements of EN 954-1 category 3 and EN 1088. This may be designed using parts which meet category 1 but the combination of all parts shall meet category 3 as minimum. The minimum requirement is that faults in contactors or in auxiliary relays in the control circuits are detected and lead to power cut off. When using computers (e.g. Process computer) or PLC (Programmable Logic Control) for safety-related functions all malfunctions of the monitoring circuits shall be detected and lead to a power cut off which leaves the combined booth in a safe condition. The combined booth shall be provided with devices which interlock the forced ventilation (see 5.8.2.1), heating and spraying operations. The interlocking device shall ensure the following safety related functions of control systems:
monitoring of the air velocity velocity (see 5.7.2.3 and 5.7.2.4),
monitoring of recirculated air,
control of dampers,
monitoring the temperature of the heating surface on air as a function of maximum drying temperature,
emergency stop circuits,
prevention of spraying equipment activation before forced ventilation is working effectively,
prevention of IR-heating activation during spray mode,
start of automatic fire extinguishing system if necessary due to design.
5.8.2.5.2
Hydraulic and pneumatic control systems
Where hydraulic and pneumatic systems can affect the forced ventilation flow rate, and/or the prevention of explosion or fire, their controls shall comply with at least category 1 of EN 954-1. Hydraulic and pneumatic systems shall comply with EN 982 and EN 983. 5.9
Failure of energy energy supply and malfunction malfunction of of the control system
To avoid hazardous explosive mixtures being created within the combined booth by reduction in the forced ventilation flow rate, the fans shall not be fitted with any braking device which is initiated following mains power failure. Measures to prevent uncontrolled start-up (restart) shall be incorporated (see EN 1037). 23
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Locations of emergency exits shall be clearly indicated, for instance by luminous or powered exit signs. 5.10 Emergency stop devices
Actuation of an emergency em ergency stop control shall not cause an interruption of the forced ventilation rate, if due to such interruption the generation of hazardous explosive mixtures is to be expected. The combined booth shall proceed in a safe state, see also 5.8.2.5.1. For design principles see EN 418. For a correct restart procedures after emergency stop see 5.8.2.1 (see also 7.2.2.).
6
Verification of the safety measure and/or measures
6.1
General
Compliance is checked by a visual inspection (in particular with respect to moving parts) prior to commissioning. 6.2
Mechanical
Compliance is checked by the verification of the correct application of the requirements described in 5.2.1, 5.2.2 and 5.2.3. The requirement of 600 lux minimum described in 5.2.3 can be checked by measurement. This measurement may, for instance, be taken at the point of 1m above the centre of the booth floor with the luxmeter reading vertically upwards. 6.3 6.3.1
Electrical Contact with live parts
Compliance is checked by applying the EN 60204-1 before commissioning, in particular the tests of 20.2, 20.3 and 20.4 of EN 60204-1:1997 shall be carried out and the results shall be recorded. 6.3.2
6.4
Compliance with EN 61000-6-1, EN 61000-6-3, and EN 61000-6-4 shall be checked. Thermal
Verification of these requirements shall be made by measuring temperatures of easily touchable surfaces according to EN 563. 6.5
Noise
The measurement of emission sound pressure level at operator’s positions and of sound power level shall be carried out according to !EN 14462:2005". 6.6
Radiation
Compliance is checked by visual inspection of existence and correct installation of required safety equipment. 6.7 6.7.1
Dangerous substances Contact with or absorption of dangerous fluids (paints, solvents)
Existence of instructions given in 7.2.2 shall be checked. 24
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6.7.2
Inhalation of aerosols and solvent vapours
6.7.2.1
Forced ventilation
Compliance is checked carrying out tests and taking measurements of air velocity in accordance with annex B. 6.7.2.2
Airflow
A smoke generator shall be placed in the paint application area to check that forced ventilation extracts the smoke. 6.7.2.3
Air velocity
Air velocity shall be checked by measurements and tests according to annex B. 6.7.2.4
Alarm for lack of ventilation
Compliance is checked by verification of type of alarm installed and practical testing of the alarm. 6.7.3
Inhalation of toxic gases released by the heating device
Compliance of heating devices with specific standards shall be completed. Visual inspection and testing shall be carried out to ensure an effective interlock is fitted between the exhaust ventilation and gas supply to the burner. 6.7.4
Inhalation of dangerous gases and vapours emitted by fire extinguishing equipment
If automatic fire extinguishing equipment is installed the fire alarm system shall be checked by visual inspection and test. 6.8
Fire and explosion
6.8.1
Fire
The following points shall be checked by visual inspection and tests:
materials used for the construction of the combined booth to comply with the requirements in 5.8.1.1;
the walls are easy to clean;
installation of inspection hatches and/or removable sections of exhaust air air ducts.
6.8.2 6.8.2.1
Explosion Forced ventilation
Verification of the concentration of flammable substances. a) In combined booths during during spray mode, compliance with air velocity requirements in 5.7.2.3.a), b), c) shall be checked by measurements. b) For the drying drying mode in combined booth the concentration of flammable substances given in % of LEL shall be calculated by using equations given in annex A and annex B of EN 1539:2000. If the result of calculation is below or equal 10 % of LEL, measurements are not required.
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If the combined booth is a multizone booth, each section shall be considered separately for % of LEL calculation. The % of LEL of the most unfavourable zone shall be used. If the result of calculation is above 10 % of LEL, the measurement shall be effected by using an explosimeter. The device shall be suitable for the use in explosive atmosphere. This explosimeter shall be calibrated according to the manufacturers information. Measurements shall be taken in the conditions of use (temperature, pressure, humidity etc.) specified by the manufacturer of the apparatus. Measurements shall not be taken at temperatures over the limit indicated by the manufacturer's explosimeter. Measurements shall not be taken between the spray gun and item to be painted. 6.8.2.2
Hazardous area
Verification is not required 6.8.2.3
Measures to avoid or reduce ignition sources
Compliance of electrical and non electrical equipment with required categories for ignition protection shall be checked before commissioning All other requirements shall be checked visually. The correct functioning of safety devices described in 5.8.2.3, 5.8.2.4 and 5.8.2.5 shall be checked. Verification of the requirements and/or measures detailed in 5.8.2.4 may be carried out by inspection and/or testing of the function of the measures during commissioning.
6.8.2.4
Verification of the requirement and/or measures detailed in 5.8.2.5 may be carried out by inspection and /or testing of the function of the measures during commissioning.
6.8.2.5
6.9
Failure of energy supply
Luminous warnings and lighting for emergency exits and their maintenance for 1hour to a minimum level of lighting after the failure of energy supply shall be visually checked. Safety circuits shall be checked before commissioning. 6.10 Emergency stop devices
Operating the emergency stop control shall bring the booth in the required safe state.
7 7.1
Information for use General
The manufacturer shall supply information for use for each combined booth. Information for use shall be prepared in accordance with 5, and in particular with 5.5 (instruction handbook) and with 6.4 (Marking) of EN ISO 12100-2:2003.
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The information for use shall be written in the user’s language and shall be accompanied by a copy written in the original language of the manual, chosen by the manufacturer. Both documents shall be drawn up in a language of the European Economic Area (EEA). Specifications for the installation, commissioning and use, shall be provided together with normal maintenance information for the combined booth and the intended use. 7.2
Instruction handbook
7.2.1
General
The instruction handbook shall contain the following minimum information:
exact description description of the combined booth and its safety devices,
instruction for use together with requirements for the training of personnel,
scope of application of the combined booth (permitted use, ifif necessary),
schematic diagram of the safety functions,
!
noise emission values determined according to EN 14462:2005,"
Warnings against:
any storage of flammable substances or their empty containers or any other materials which have been in contact with these products (rags, paper, etc.) in the combined booth and in front of the doors,
use of naked naked flames, incandescent objects, objects, equipment or items items capable of generating sparks (tools, equipment, etc.), in the combined booth,
smoking in the hazardous zone. A display showing “No smoking” shall be affixed on both sides of all entrance doors of the combined booth,
damage to the eyes and burning, when using IR, on all entrance doors.
Furthermore, the instruction handbook shall point at:
the use of trained and authorised personnel to make any adjustments to the combined booth for the operating conditions according to the manufacturer’s specifications,
the correct position of the operator,
the availability of at least suitable manually operated fire extinguishers.
7.2.2
Instructions for use
The instructions for use shall at least contain the following information:
information and instructions for installation (e.g. foundation requirements, required floor space),
information and instructions for transportation,
information related to fitted safety devices and their function, as well as auxiliary devices,
set point for limiting temperature device, 27
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description of the controls,
instruction for start up (operating),
information on on earthing of a workpiece before starting spraying,
attention to the special hazards including fuel vapours (e.g. from vehicle vehicle fuel tank, pipes), explosive materials carried in the car (e.g. aerosol can, cigarette lighter), liquefied petroleum gas powered vehicles, batteries,
instruction for adjustment,
information on hazards which could occur despite the safety measures installed by the manufacturer (e.g. instruction for loading by the user),
information regarding specific hazards generated by special applications (e.g. the potential fire risk from IR-heating system, safe distance between heating elements and coated surface) or by using special accessories,
building ventilation requirements: fresh air intake requirements shall be indicated so that the user can provide any necessary inlets into the areas of installation,
surrounding space of the combined booth,
information for correct restart procedures in case of failure of the the forced ventilation or emergency stop, after an interruption,
information about unintended use: warnings particularly dangers associated associated with high concentrations of solvents, changing the coating products or the system,
instructions for detection of failures, repairs and clearance of faults (e.g. circuit diagrams for all services used complete with a description),
appropriate arrangements (for example provision of suitable protective clothing) when contact with materials used for spraying or cleaning could cause dermatitis or other skin complaints,
use of personal protection or a breathing mask connected to fresh air when an operator shall work inside train, carriages, trucks, busses or in working pit within the booth,
!
the operating method to be followed in in the event of accidents, breakdowns or blockages, that are likely to " occur.
7.2.3
Instructions for maintenance
These instructions shall at least contain the following information:
check at regular intervals for the blocking of filtration and exhaust systems systems as well as deposits of coating materials on equipment, walls and floor of the combined booth,
indicate the frequency of filter replacement,
give precise instructions for maintenance of the heating device and especially the frequency of maintenance,
check at at regular intervals intervals the earthing of the combined booth,
indicate the safety precautions to be taken ifif any source of ignition is taken into the combined booth,
check for compliance compliance with with water water treatment regulations (if applicable), applicable),
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use of materials and special tools of the manufacturer, if needed, and use of given given instruction for working with them,
requirements to switch off the power circuit before working on the ventilation system or automated damper adjuster,
!
the specifications of the spare parts to be used, when these affect the health and safety of operators."
7.2.4
Information relating to the design parameters
This shall include for instance:
Intended use,
maximum sizes sizes of the item(s)or object(s) to be painted,
air velocity measured according to this standard in (m/s),
maximum amount of flammable solvents contained in the coating material applied in one hour,
temperature limits of the air inside the combined booth during the application mode,
maximum allowed pressure drop through filtration system (e.g. water-wash type, dry filter type).
7.3
Marking
The combined booth shall be marked, clearly and indelibly with: !
the business name and full address of the manufacturer and, where applicable, his authorised representative,"
model of the combined booth,
!
the year of construction, that is the year in which the manufacturing process is completed,"
!
designation of the machinery,"
serial number,
mandatory marking,
maximum size of the item or object to be painted,
air velocity (measured according to this standard) in m/s,
airflow output ............ m³/h (during spray mode),
maximum amount of flammable solvent contained in the coating coating material applied in one hour with indication of LEL of solvent taken in reference in annex A, 29
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maximum admissible quantities of flammable substances, which will will be released in drying mode,
maximum drying temperature [in degrees Celsius],
load capacity of the floor [in kg],
installed Power (electric ............. (kVA), other ...............).
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Annex A
(normative) Determination of concentration of flammable solvents in terms of LEL (spraying mode)
A.1 Equations In order to simplify the comparison with the lower explosion limit (LEL), the concentration is expressed as c LEL in % of LEL c LEL
=
100 × c LEL
(1)
The average concentration (mass) inside the combined booth depends on solvent input and airflow: c =
M max
×
k 1 × k 2 Qmin
×
k 3
(2)
where : c LEL
Calculated value of the maximum concentration of flammable in % of LEL solvents in % of LEL
c
Average concentration of flammable solvents in the combined in g/m³ booth
LEL
Lower Explosion Limit of solvent or solvent mixtures at 293K. in g/m³ If the component parts of the solvent mixtures are known, but the LEL of the mixture is unknown, then the LEL of the solvent component with the lowest value should be taken. If the data is not available, then the value of 40g/m3 shall be used.
Mmax
Maximum quantity of liquid organic coating material sprayed in g/h per hour
k1
Mass fraction of flammable solvent content in the organic in % coating material at spraying conditions
k2
Estimated percentage of flammable solvents evaporated in % inside the booth
k3 = 3
Safety factor taking into account the solvent concentration heterogeneity and, in particular, the high concentration between spray gun and item to be painted and its vicinity
Qmin
Minimum fresh airflow drawn in the combined booth which in m³/h dilutes the released flammable solvents to the required concentration level
If the combined booth is a multizone booth, each section shall be considered separately for the c LEL calculation. 31
BS EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 (E)
A.2 Examples of calculation calculation A.2.1 Determination of concentration concentration of flammable solvents on base of a given mean design air velocity
Assumptions Combined booth/ Spraying mode with hand-held spray gun Size of the of the combined booth width 4 m - length 8 m (inside)
Design air velocity: air velocity: 0,3 m/s
Mmax = 9 kg/h
LEL =40 g/m3
K1 = 0,85 (85 %)
K2 = 0,80 (80 %)
K3 = 3
Q : 0,3m/s x 4m x 8m x 3 600 s/h = 34 560 m3/h
The minimum airflow Qmin can be calculated from the air velocity v and and the width w and and length l of of the cross section of airflow: Qmin
=
v x w x l
According to (3):
According to (2):
According to (1):
(3) Q min
c =
c LEL
=
0,3 m/s x 4 m x 8 m x 3 600 s/h = 34 560 m³/h
9 000 g / h x 0,85 x 0,8 x 3 34 560
=
100 x 0,53 g / m³ 40 g / m³
=
=
0,53 g / m³
1,3 % of LEL
Result: If the forced ventilation of a combined booth is designed for a mean air velocity of v = 0,3 m/s, (and further assumptions described above are valid) then an nominal concentration of cLEL= 1,3 % of LEL is maintained. However the safety factor used in the calculation may lead to a true average concentration of 1/3 of that nominal value. Since cLEL = 1,3 % of LEL is far below the allowed maximum concentration value of 25 % of LEL , the combined booth is operated in safe condition.
32
BS EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 (E)
A.2.2 Determination of admissible maximum maximum quantity of liquid organic coating material sprayed sprayed per hour (Mmax) on base of given mean design air velocity and a special exposure limit Assumptions
Combined booth/spraying mode with hand-held spray gun. Size of the combined booth:
width 4 m – length 8 m (inside) (inside)
design air velocity: 0,3 m/s
Mmax = ? kg/h
exposure limit for toluol toluol c = 0,190 g/m³
k1 = 0,85
k2 = 0,80
k3 = 3 According to (3):
Q min
=
According (2): c = M max
=
0,3 m/s x 4 m x 8 m x 3 600 s/h = 34 560 m³/h
M max x k 1 x k 2 x k 3 Qmin c x Qmin k 1 x k 2 x k 3
0,190 g / m³ x 34 560 m ³ / h 0,85 x 0,80 x 3 = 3,2 kg / h =
M max
Result: If the forced ventilation of a combined booth is designed for a mean air velocity of v = 0,3 m/s, and if the lowest exposure limit to be observed of the coating material processed is 0,19 g/m³, then an admissible M max = 3,2 kg/h shall be processed within the combined booth is admissible processing of a maximum quantity
33
BS EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 (E)
Annex B
(normative) Measurement of air velocities
B.1 Instrumentation The chosen equipment shall be directional and shall allow a measurement with an incertitude below or equal to 0,05 m/s of the measurement in the range from 0,25 m/sec to 0,5 m/s.
a measurement threshold of 0,1 m/s;
an air velocity indicator giving the value with two decimals;
an operating range as closed as possible of measurement range ;
an average air velocity calculation system ;
a temperature compensation system for apparatus affected by temperature variations (e.g. thermal anemometer).
In addition, the apparatus used shall have been calibrated around the measuring range within the past year. Only the read and corrected value using the calibration graph shall be taken into account.
B.2 Measurement conditions Measurements shall be performed in empty combined booth without workpieces to be coated, except in c) of 5.7.3.2. When recording measurements the combined booth shall be in its normal operating state (heating in operation during cold periods). All doors and windows opening on to the outside, capable of altering the ventilation shall be closed. All these conditions shall be registered in the test report. B.2.1 Measurement points for vertically ventilated ventilated combined booth
(see 5.7.2.3.a) and b)). Applicable to all downwards airflow directions from ± 45° to the vertical direction. The measurement plane is an horizontal plane located at 1 m from the ground of the combined booth, whose dimensions are equal to the ground dimensions of the combined booth decreased by 0,25 m on all sides (see figure B.1). The measurement plane is divided in N equal rectangular areas (area over or equal to a 1 m square side and less than or equal to a 1,5 m square side). The centre of each area determines a measurement point (punctual point). The distance between measurement points of two adjacent areas shall be less than or equal to 1,5 m. 34
BS EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 (E)
Only the nearest value to 1,5 m shall be retained. For small combined booth, the number of measurement points shall be at least two in the length and two in the width.
1m ≤ a < 1,5m 1m ≤ b < 1,5m Figure B.1 – Measurement points for air velocity of vertically ventilated combined booth
At each measurement point, air velocity shall be measured in the airflow direction, seeking the maximum value which shall be retained. In the case of an operator inside the combined booth, average and punctual measured values shall comply with requirement given 5.7.2.3 a) and b).
35
BS EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 (E)
B.2.2 Measurement points points for horizontally ventilated ventilated combined booth
See 5.7.2.3.b). Applicable to all airflow directions from horizontal up to + 45°. The measurement plane shall be (see figure B.2) either :
at the entrance of fresh air plane when the operator does not work into into the combined booth ;
or in a vertical plane located at 0,5 m from the entrance of fresh air plane when when the operator works inside inside the combined booth; this vertical plane is parallel to the actual surface of exhausted air.
The dimensions of this vertical plane are equal to the internal dimensions of the combined booth decreased by 0,25 m on all sides. The measurement plane is divided in N equal rectangular areas (area over or equal to 1 m square side and less than or equal to 1,5 m square side). The centre of each area determines a measurement point (punctual point). The distance between measurement points of two adjacent areas shall be less than or equal to 1,5 m. Only the nearest value to 1,5 m shall be retained. For small combined booths where calculation gives only one measurement point, the number of measurement points shall be minimum two in the height and two in the width.
36
BS EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 (E)
Key
1
Entrance of fresh air plane
4
Exhaust fan
7
Measurement plane
2
Measurement plane
5
Actual surface of exhausted air
8
Operator
3
Measurement points
6
Workpiece be coated
9
Entrance of fresh air plane
Figure B.2 – Measurement points for air velocity of horizontally ventilated combined booth
37
BS EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 (E)
At each measurement point, air velocity shall be measured in the airflow direction, seeking the maximum value which shall be retained. In the case of an operator inside the combined booth, average and punctual measured values shall comply with requirement given in 5.7.2.3.b). B.2.3 Measurement points for vertically vertically ventilated combined booth used for spraying spraying only one large well-defined workpiece at a time
See 5.7.2.3.a). Airflow direction shall be vertical. They are located as indicated in figure B.3 and at 1 m above floor.
Key
1 2 3
Combined booth wall Well defined workpiece Measurement points Figure B.3 – Measurement points for vertically ventilated combined booth used for spraying only one large well-defined workpiece at a time
In the case of an operator inside the combined booth, average and punctual measured values shall comply with requirement given in 5.7.2.3 a). B.2.4 Measurement Measurement points for vertically ventilated ventilated combined booth with with working pit
See 5.7.2.3.c). Airflow direction in the working pit shall be vertical. Measurement points shall be distributed along the longitudinal working pit axis. 38
BS EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 (E)
The distance between measurement points shall be less than or equal to 1,5 m. Measurement points shall be more than, or equal to 0,5 m from the working pit useful ends (access stairs excluded). Height of measurement points shall be 1 m above working pit floor circulation. Average and punctual measured values shall comply with requirements given in 5.7.2.3 c) .
39
BS EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 (E)
!deleted text "
40
BS EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 (E)
Annex C
(informative) Classification of material’s reaction to the fire – National standards
The classification of materials of construction such as non combustible, not supporting fire, non easily flammable, stated in 5.8.1 are used to describe the different characteristics of fire behaviour. Currently, there are no harmonised EN-standards for the fire behaviour of materials for construction or for the fire prevention and protection of machines (classification is being prepared prep ared by CEN/TC 127 in EN 13501-1 “Fire classification of construction products and building elements - Part 1: Classification using test data from reaction to fire tests”). Therefore, national standards shall prevail until harmonised CEN standards are available. They are: Austria
ÖNorm B 3800-1 ÖNorm B 3800-2 ÖNorm B 3800-3 ÖNorm B 3800-4
Behaviour of building materials and components in fire; building materials: requirements and tests Behaviour of building materials and components in fire - Components: Definitions, requirements, tests Behaviour of building materials and components in fire - Special components: Definitions, requirements, tests Behaviour of building materials and components in fire; components: assignation to the classes of fire resistance
United Kingdom
H.F.L '72
Highly flammable liquids and liquefied petroleum gases regulations
And relevant parts of
BS 476
Fire tests on building materials and structures
France
NF P 92-501
Safety against fire. Building materials. Reaction to fire tests, radiation test used for rigid materials, or for materials on rigid substrates (flooring and finishes) of all thickness, and for flexible materials thicker than 5 mm Building materials. Reaction to fire tests. Classification of building materials
NF P 92-507
Germany
DIN 4102
Fire behaviour of materials and components for construction - Materials for construction Definitions, requirements and tests
Italy
UNI 9177
Classification of materials - Reaction to fire of combustible materials
41
BS EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 (E)
Annex D
(informative) References to national exposure limit values
Exposure limit values are commonly defined by member states regulations. The national references - as far as known - are as follows: Country
A B
CzR DK SF F
D G ISL IRL I L NL N P ES S CH
GB
42
References to national exposure limit values for dangerous substances
Amtliche Mitteilungen des Bundesministeriums für soziale Verwaltung (2/93)
Technical terms for limits
MAK, TRK Koninklijk Besluit tot wijziging van Bijlage II van Titel II, Hoofdstruk II bis van het VLE ARAB wat de vaststelling van de grenswaarden voor blootstelling aan chemische agentina betreft Order in council on the modification of annex II of title II, chapter II bis from the VLE ARAB that stablishes the limit of exposure to chemical agents Ordonnance prise en conseil prive sur la modification de l’annexe II du titre II, VLE chapitre II bis de l’ARAB qui etablit les limites d’exposition des agents chiminiques Directive of Ministry of Health No. 58/1981 Coll., about principal hygienic NPK requirements for maximum permitted concentration of the most important NPK-P injurants in air und assessment of Level of pollution Instruction No 3.1.0.2., December 1996, Exposure Limit Values for Substances GV and Materials At present unknown Ministère du Travail: Décret 84-1093: aération et assainissement des locaux de VMEI travail VLE INRS ED 633: Guide pratique de ventilation - 9.Ventilation des cabines et postes de peinture Technische Regeln für Gefahrstoffe TRGS 900 "Luftgrenzwerte" MAK, TRK BAT At present unknown At present unknown At present unknown Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices published by ACGIH TLV American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) At present unknown Min. v. sociale Zaken en Werkgelegenheid P145: de nationale MAC-lijst 1996 MAC Administrative normer for forurensing i arbeidsatmosfaere 1996 AT 361 At present unknown At present unknown (Threshold Limit values) AFS 1996:2 Hygieniska Gränsverden NGV, TGV KTV Suva Publikation: Grenzwerte am Arbeitsplatz 1997 MAK Maximale Arbeitsplatzkonzentrationswerte gesundheitsgefährdender Stoffe. Biologische Arbeitsplatztoleranzwerte – Arbeitshygienische Grenzwerte für BAT physikalische Einwirkungen Health and Safety Executive MEL, H&SE EH 40/97, Part 2: "List of occupational exposure limits and other tables" OES
BS EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 (E)
Annex E
(informative) Equivalence between zone description and categories of ignition protection
The zone classification for areas with potentially explosive atmosphere is corresponding to categories of ignition protection according EN 13463-1. Category Designed for type of explosive atmosphere gas/air mixture resp. 1 vapour/air mixture resp. mist/air mixture gas/air mixture resp. vapour/air mixture resp. 2 mist/air mixture
3
gas/air mixture resp. vapour/air mixture resp. mist/air mixture
Designed for zone 0
1
Also applicable in zone 1 and 2
2
2
43
BS EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 (E)
Annex ZA
(informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC !, amended by 98/79/EC"
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide one means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive for Machinery 98/37/EC, amended by Directive 98/79/EC. !Once
this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the relevant Essential Requirements (except Essential Requirements 1.2.3, 1.2.4, 1.1.2 c), 3) of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations." WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the
scope of this standard.
44
BS EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 (E)
Annex ZB
(informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC 2 006/42/EC
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the Recast Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the relevant Essential Requirements ((except Essential Requirements 1.2.1, 3 rd paragraph, 1.2.3, 1.2.4, 1.1.2 c), 1.7.4.2 o), 3)) of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations. WARNING – Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard."
45
BS EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 (E)
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46
BS EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 EN 13355:2004+A1:2009 (E)
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47
BS EN 13355:2004
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