BIW Training Exercises 1

Training Exercises

SAP Business Intelligence

_______________________________________________________________________ _ BIW_Training Exercises_V1.0

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Transaction code to access Data warehousing warehousing Workbench is RSA1 Step1. Type RSA1 in the command prompt

Enter the T-Code: RSA1 in the box (Command Box) and click on Enter or F8 (Function Key)

After completion of the Step 1 the below screen will appear.

Menu Bar

Function area/ View Navigation Window


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Transaction code to access Data warehousing warehousing Workbench is RSA1 Step1. Type RSA1 in the command prompt

Enter the T-Code: RSA1 in the box (Command Box) and click on Enter or F8 (Function Key)

After completion of the Step 1 the below screen will appear.

Menu Bar

Function area/ View Navigation Window


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Exercise 2: Create characteristic InfoObject Objective: Create and Maintain Characteristic Infoobjects Steps: a. Create Create Infoarea Infoarea (IA_PUR (IA_PURCHA CHASE## SE## under IA_PURC IA_PURCHASE HASE)) b. Create Create Charac Characteris teristic tic catalog catalog (IOC_PUR (IOC_PURCHAR CHAR##) ##) c. Create Create Key Key figur figure e catalo catalog g (IOC_ (IOC_PUR PURKF KF##) ##) d. Create characteristic Infoobjects

Info Object Y_ISEC## Y_MGRP# # Y_MTYP## Y_PCAT## Y_PORG# # Y_VAGRP# # Y_SOFF##

Description INDUSTRY SECTOR

Data Type CHAR

Leng th 10

MATERIAL GROUP MATERIAL TYPE PRODUCT CATEGORY

CHAR CHAR CHAR

10 10 10

PURCHASE ORGANIZATION

CHAR

10

VENDOR ACCOUNT GROUP SALES OFFICE

CHAR CHAR

10 30

e. Maintain the following attributes at the Info Object: Y_PORG## Y_ISEC## Y_MGRP## Y_MTYP## Y_PCAT## Y_VAGRP##

INDUSTRY SECTOR MATERIAL GROUP MATERIAL TYPE PRODUCT CATEGORY VENDOR ACCOUNT GROUP

## : Training group id.

Solution : Creating Info Area Info Areas are used to organize Info Cubes and Info objects. Each Info Cube is assigned to an Info Area. Through an Info object’s Catalog, each Info objects is assigned to an Info Area as well. The maximum number of characters allowed for the technical name is 30.


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Select the Info Provider Option.

2. Right Click on Info Provider and Select the Option Create Info area

After selecting the Create Info area option the following screen will be displayed provide the Technical Name and Description

Creating Characteristic InfoObject Catalog Create Info Object Catalog for Characteristic Step1: Go to Info Object Menu –Left side of the screen


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Select the Info Object Option

Step2: Select the InfoArea “IA_PURCHASE” in the right panel

Right Click on the Info area (Created in the Step 1) and select the option Create Info Object Catalog.

Step3: Provide the Technical Name and Description


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Char Option needs to be selected

Step 4: Click on create button in the below snap shot.

Step 5: Activate the characteristic catalog by clicking on ACTIVATE Button


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Click On Activate

Creating Key Figure InfoObject Catalog Step 6: Repeat the Step 1 to 5 to Create Info Object Catalog for Key figure ( Note : In the Step 5 select the Key Figure in Info Object type (Check the below snap shot)


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Creating Characteristic InfoObject Create Characteristic Info Objects Step1: Right Click on Characteristic Info Object CatalogClick on Create Info Object

Step 2: Provide the Technical Name and description in the below Snap shot and Click on continue.


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Step 3: Click Continue (Enter)

General tab: you specify the basic properties of the characteristic The following data types are supported for characteristics: Char:

Numbers and letters

Character length 1 60

Numc:

Numbers only

Character length 1 -


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60 Dats:

Date

Character length 8

Tims:

Time

Character length 6

In General Tab Mention Data Type and Length Lowercase Letters Allowed / Not Allowed If this indicator is set, the system differentiates between lowercase letters and capital letters when you use a screen template to input values. If this indicator is not set, the system converts all the letters into capital letters when you use a screen template to input values. Conversion Routines The standard conversion for the characteristic is displayed. If this standard conversion is unsuitable, you can override it by specifying a conversion routine in the underlying domain. See also Conversion Routines in BI Systems. Attribute Only If you select Attribute Only , the created characteristic can be used only as a display attribute for another characteristic and not as navigation attribute. Constants By assigning a constant to a characteristic, you give it a fixed value. Special Case: If you want to assign the SPACE constant (type CHAR) or 00..0 (type NUMC) to the characteristic, type # in the first position. Transfer Routine When you create a transfer routine, it is valid globally for the characteristic, and is included in all the transformation rules that contain the Info object. The transfer routine can thus store Info object-dependent coding that only needs to be maintained once, but that is valid for all the transformation rules. Activate Info Object by clicking on Activate button Business Explorer Tab: On this tab page you determine the properties that are required in the Business Explorer for reporting on or analyzing characteristics.


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Display For characteristics with texts: Under Display , you select whether you want to display text in the Business Explorer and if yes, which text. You can choose from the following display options: No Display, Key, Text, Key and Text, or Text and Key. This setting can be overwritten in queries. Text Type For characteristics and texts: In this field you set whether you want to display short, medium or long text in the Business Explorer. Description BEx In this field, you determine the description that appears for this characteristic in the Business Explorer. You choose between the long and short descriptions of the characteristic. This setting can be overwritten in queries. More information: Priority Rule with Formatting Settings. Filter Selection in Query Definition This field describes how the selection of filter values or the restriction of characteristics is determined when you define a query. When you restrict characteristics, the values from the master data table a re usually displayed. For characteristics that do not have master data tables, the values from the SID Table are displayed instead. In many cases it is more useful to only display those values that are also contained in an InfoProvider. Therefore you can also choose the setting Only Values in InfoProvider. Filter Display in Query Execution This field tells you how the display of filter values is determined when a query is executed.


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If the characteristic has few characteristic values, you can display the values as a dropdown list box. Base Unit of Measure The unit Info object must be an attribute of the characteristic. This unit Info object is used when quantities are converted for the master data-bearing characteristic in the Business Explorer. Currency Attribute You select a unit Info object of type currency that you have created as an attribute for the characteristic. In this way, you can define variable target currencies in the currency translation types. The target currency is then determined from the master data upon currency translation in the Business Explorer and when loading dynamically. Also see the example Defining Target Currencies Using Info objects. Authorization Relevance You choose whether a particular characteristic is included in the authorization check when you are working with the query. Mark a characteristic as authorization-relevant if you want to create authorizations that restrict the selection conditions for this characteristic to single characteristic values. You can only mark the characteristic as Not Authorization-Relevant if it is no longer being used as a field for the authorization object.

Master Data/Texts Tab: In this tabstrip, you can determine whether attributes and/or texts should be made available to the characteristic.


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With Master Data In this case the system generates a P table for this characteristic. This table contains the key of the characteristic and any attributes that might exist. It is used as a check table for the SID table. When you load transaction data, there is check whether there is a characteristic value in the P table if the referential integrity is used. With Texts If you want to use texts with a characteristic, you have to se lect at least one text. The short text (20 characters) option is set by default but you can also choose medium-length texts (40 characters) or long texts (60 characters). Language-Dependent Texts If you decide that you want the texts to be language dependent, the language becomes a key field in the text table. Time-Dependent Texts If you want texts to be time dependent (the date is included in the key of the text table), Hierarchy Tab: If you want to create a hierarchy, or upload an existing hierarchy from a source system, you have to set the with hierarchy indicator. The system generates a hierarchy table with hierarchical relationships for the characteristic.

Attributes Tab:


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On this tab page, you specify whether the characteristic has display or navigation attributes, and if so, which properties these attributes have.

Attributes are Info objects that exist already, and that are assigned logically to the new characteristic. In the query, display attributes provide additional information about the characteristic. Navigation attributes, on the other hand, are treated like normal characteristics in the query, and can also be evaluated on their own.

Navigation Attribute The attributes are defined as display attributes by default. You can activate an attribute as navigation attribute in the relevant column. As soon as a characteristic appears in duplicate (as a characteristic and as a navigation attribute) in an InfoProvider, you must give the navigation attribute a different name. For example, you could call the characteristic Cost Center , and call the navigation attribute Person Responsible for the Cost Center . Compounding Tab:


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In this tab page, you determine whether you want to compound the characteristic to other Info objects. You sometimes need to compound Info objects in order to map the data model. Some Info objects cannot be defined uniquely without compounding. For example, if storage location A for plant B is not the same as storage location A for plant C, you can only evaluate the characteristic Storage Location in connection with Plant . In this case, compound characteristic Storage Location to Plant , so that the characteristic is unique. Step 4: Activate Info Object by clicking on Activate button

Maintain Attributes Step 1: Select Info Object (Example: PURCHASING ORGANIZATION) and right click on the Info Object and select the Change option in the drop do wn box.


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Step 2: Go to Attributes TabEnter all the attributes (Info objects)


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Step 3: After providing all the information click on activate button

Click on Activate Button

Exercise 3: Create Key figure InfoObject Objective: Create Key figure Infoobjects _______________________________________________________________________ _ BIW_Training Exercises_V1.0

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Steps: 1. Use the Key figure catalog created in Exercise 1. 2. Create following key figures

Info Object Y_IAMT## Y_NPOI##

Description IO FOR INVOICED AMOUNT IO FOR NO.OF PURCHASE ORDER ITEMS

Y_OQTY##

IO FOR ORDER QUANTITY

Data Type AMOUNT

Leng th 15,2

INTEGER QUANTIT Y

15,2 15,2

##: The id of the training group

Solution: Step 1: Right Click on Key Figure Info Object Catalog Click on Create Info Object

Step 2: Give Technical name and DescriptionClick on continue

Button


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Step 3: Go to Tab Type/UnitSelect Type/Data TypeMention Unit/CurrencyActivate

Type/unit Tab : Key Figure Type Specify the type. Amounts and quantities need unit fields. Data Type Specify the data type. For the amount, quantity, and number, you can choose between the decimal number and the floating point number, which guarantees more accuracy. For the key figures date and time, you can choose the decimal display to apply to the fields.


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The following combinations of key figure and data type are possible: Key Figure Type

Data Type

AMO Amount

CURR: Currency field, created as DEC FLTP: Floating point number with 8 byte precision

QUA Quantity

QUAN: Quantity field, created as DEC FLTP: Floating point number with 8 byte precision

NUM Number

DEC: Calculation or amount field with comma and +/- sign. FLTP: Floating point number with 8 byte precision

INT integer

INT4: 4 byte integer, whole number with +/sign

DAT Date

DATS: Date field (YYYYMMDD), created as char(8) DEC: Calculation or amount field with comma and +/- sign.

TIM Time

TIMS: Time field (hhmmss), created as char(8) DEC: Calculation or amount field with comma and +/- sign.

Currency/Quantity Unit You can assign a fixed currency to the key figure. If this field is filled, the key figure bears this currency throughout BW. You can also assign a variable currency to the key figure. In the field unit/currency , determine which Info object bears the key figure unit. For quantities or amount key figures, either this field must be filled, or you must enter a fixed currency or a mount unit. Aggregation Tab: Aggregation: There are three aggregation options: ... ●

Minimum (MIN): The minimum value of all values displayed in this column is displayed in the results row.


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●

Maximum (MAX): The maximum value of all values displayed in this column is displayed in the results row.

●

Summation (SUM): The sum of all values displayed in this column is displayed in the results row.

Exception Aggregation This field determines how the key figure is aggregated in the Business Explorer in relation to the exception characteristic. This reference characteristic must be unique in the query. In general, this refers to time. The key figure Number of Employees would, for example, be totaled using the characteristic Cost Center , and not a time characteristic. Here you would determine a time characteristic as an exception characteristic with, for example, the aggregation Last Value. The following exception aggregations are possible: ●

Average (all values) (AVG): The average of all values is displayed.

●

Counter (value not equal to zero) (CN0): The number of values <> zero is displayed in the results row.

●

Counter (all values) (CNT): The number of existing values is displayed in the results row.

●

First value (FIR): The first value in relation to the reference characteristic is displayed in the results row.

●

Last value (LAS): The last value in relation to the reference characteristic is displayed in the results row.

●

Maximum (MAX):

●

Minimum (MIN):

●

Summation (SUM)

Referenced characteristic for exception aggregation In this field, select the characteristic in relation to which the key figure is to be aggregated with the exception aggregation. Often this is a time characteristic. However, you can use any characteristic you wish. Additional Properties Tab: Business Explorer You can define some of the following settings specifically for the Info objects contained in the data target. The settings are then only valid in the respective data target. See also Additional Functions in InfoCube Maintenance and Additional Functions in ODS Object Maintenance. Decimal Places You can define how many decimal places the field should be displayed with by default in the Business Explorer. This can be overwritten in queries. Display This field describes the scaling with which the field is displayed by default in the Business Explorer. This can be overwritten in queries. More information: Priority Rule with Formatting Settings. Miscellaneous: Key Figure with Maximum Precision If you select this indicator, the OLAP processor calculates internally with packed numbers that have 31 decimal places. In doing so, a greater accuracy is attained, and the rounding differences are reduced. Normally, the OLAP processor calculates with floating point numbers. Attribute Only


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If you select Attribute Only , the key figure that is created can only be used as an attribute for another characteristic, but not as a dedicated key figure in the InfoCube. Step 4: Activate Key figure InfoObject

Exercise 4: Load Master Data Objective: Load master data attributes and Text in the InfoObjects created in above exercise. Steps: Create Source system (Please use the Source system created by trainer). Select the Application component “PURCHASE”.


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a. Create Datasource for attributes (YDS_PURCHASE##) b. Create Infopackage for attributes (YDS_PURCHASE_ATTR_FULL##) c. Create Datasource for Text (YDS_PURCHASE_TEXT##) d. Create Infopackage for text (YDS_PURCHASE_TEXT_FULL##) e. Create Transformation for attributes f. Create DTP for attributes g. Create Transformation for text datasource h. Create DTP for text

Solution To load master data to these InfoObjects ,we need to convert these to datatargets. Step 1: Goto Infoprovider menuRight click on InfoAreaClick on Insert Charecteristic as Infoprovider

Click on Insert Charecteristic as InfoProvider

Select Info Area

Step 2 : Give Info Object Technical name


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Click on Continue Step 3 : Create source system Goto sourcesystem menuSelect File Right clickclick on create

Select Source System Menu

Select File and Click On Create

Step 4 : Give Technical name and description


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Create Datasource for Attribute Step 5 : Create Datasource for Attribute Goto Data spource MenuSelect Application component Right click on Application componentclick on create datasource


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Goto DataSource Menu

Select Application Component

Step 6 : Give Technical name , Source system and select datasource type


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Click on continue Step 7 : Goto general info. TabGive description Give Description here

Step 8 : Goto Extraction tabselect flat file


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Select FlatFile

Flat file looks like below

Purchasing_attr.csv

Step 9 : Goto fields tabgive all the fields


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Create Infopackage for Attribute data source Goto Infoprovider menuSelect datasourceright clickclick on create infopackage


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Click on save Step 11 : Goto schedule tabclick on start button


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Click on Start Button

Step 12 : Click on monitor button to see the status of the load

Monitor Button


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Step 13 : To View the data in the Data source select Data source right click and select Manage


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PSA Maintenance Button

Step 14 : Click on PSA Maintenance

Step 15 : Select Continue..


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Creation of Datasource for Text Step 16 :Create datasource for text Goto Data source menuright click on application component Give datasource technical name Source system and data type


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Step 17 : Click on continue Step 18 : Goto general info tabgive desc

Step 19 : Goto extraction tabselect file name


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Flat file looks like below

Purchase_Text.csv

Step 20 : Goto fields tabgive fields nameactivate


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Create the Infopackage for text datasource Step 21 : Goto Infoprovider menuSelect datasourceright clickclick on create infopackage


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Step 22 : Click on save Step 23 : Goto schedule tabclick on start button

Step 24 : Click on monitor button to see the status of the load


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Step 25 : To View the data in the Data source select Data source right click and select Manage


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Step 26 : Click on PSA Maintenance

Step 27 : Click on Continue.


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Data has been loaded up to PSA.

Create Transformation for attributes Step 28 : To load data to the info objects of attribute datasource Goto Infoprovider menuselect Info Areaselect Master data attributeRight click click on create transformation


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Step 29 : Click on Continue Step 30 : Map the fields

Step 31 : Activate

Create DTP for attributes Step 32 : Create DTP(Data Transfer Process) Right click on

symbol


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System will gives the Technical name of DTP

Step 33 : Click on continue


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Step 34 : Activate

Step 35 : Click on execute button


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Status will be shown as below

Step 36 : To view the data in the object

Right click on attribute

click on display data


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Step 37 : Click on Field selection for output

Step 38 : Click on select all and click on execute


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Create Transformation for text datasource Step 39 : To load data to the info objects of Text datasource Goto Infoprovider menuselect Info Areaselect Master data TextRight clickclick on create transformation


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Step 40 : Click on continue Step 41 : Map the fields and Activate


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Creation of DTP for text Step 42 : Create DTP(Data Transfer Process) Right click on the symbol

click

on create DTP


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Step 43 : Click on continue

Step 44 : Click on save and activate


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Step 45 : Click on execute button

Step 56 : To view the data in the object

right click on Master data text

click on manage


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Step 57 : Goto contents tab

Step 58 : Click on contents button


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BIW Training Exercises 1

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