OBSERVING OBSERVING THE MORPHOLOGICAL AND ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PISCES (Cyprinus carpio) A. PURPOS PURPOSE E OF OB OBSER SERVAT VATION IONS S 1. Identify the morphological structures Osteichthyes through observations of the Cyprinus carpio (gold fish) 2. Identify the anatomical structures Osteichthyes through observations of the Cyprinus carpio (gold fish) 3. Declare the results of observation observation through through pictures and descriptions. descriptions.
B. BASIC SIC THE THEORY Fish is included into the oldest vertebrate and the first to appear on Earth. Fish live in water environment, that is fresh water, salty, and sea. About two third of the kind kinds s of fish fish live live in the the sea. sea. Seve Severa rall kind kinds s of fish fish can can adap adaptt to tran tranti titi tion onal al environment between sea and fresh water. Fish is divided into three main groups, that is : Agnatha, Chondrichthyes, and Osteichthyes. Agnatha is the group of fish which has no jaw . Several kind kind has has tail tail fin fin and and back back fin. fin. Mout Mouths hs is loca locate ted d in end. end. Exam Exampl ple e is Lamp Lampre rey y Chondric richth hthyes yes is the group group of (Petromyzon sp.), sp.), Hagfish, Hagfish, and Myxine sp. Chond jawed fish having cartilages skeleton. The example is rayfish, shark, hammer fish, and sawfish. Osteichthyes is teh group of the jawed fish which has real bone skeleton. The example are sea eel, sea horse, buntal fish, cat fish, gold fish (Cyprinus carpio), carpio ), cupang cupang (Betta splendens), splendens), carp (Osphronemus (Osphronemus gouramy ), ), badut fish (Premnas (Premnas biaculeatus), biaculeatus ), louhan louhan (Cichlasoma sp.), and red snapper ( Lutjanus bitaeniatus). bitaeniatus). The skin of Osteichthyes is scaly with type of cycloid scale, ctenoid, and ganoid. Its gills is covered by operculum (gills cover). Commonly has swim bladder with corresponding or not to pharynx. Some live in fresh water, even some can live on the the land land for for seve severa rall time time.. Oste Osteic icht hthy hyes es repr reprod oduc uce e by exte extern rnal al fert fertil iliz izat atio ion n (fer (ferti tili liza zati tion on outs outsid ide e body body). ). Sper Sperm m and and egg egg cell cell are are excr excret eted ed from from body body and and fertilization happen outside body (in the water). Fish has important role. For human, fish is one of food source which has high protein degree. Besides many kinds of fish are made as ornamental fish and pet fish.
C. TOOLS TOOLS AND MATERIA MATERIAL L OF OBSERVA OBSERVATION TIONS S 1. Cyprinus carpio (gold fish) 2. Ethe Etherr 3. Surgic Surgical al board board 4. Surgical Surgical scissors scissors 5. Glov Gloves es 6. Rag/ti Rag/tiss ssue ue 7. Cott Cotton on 8. Came Camera ra
9. Lab coat
D. PROCEDURES OF OBSERVATIONS 1. Morphological structures a. Carefully observe the morphology of fish. b. Declare the results of observation through pictures and descriptions. 2. Anatomical structures a. Fish resting on one side after the disabled. b. Make an incision starting from the anterior to the genital opening ( porus urogenitalis) along the ventral to the base to the anterior chest. c. From the base of the pectoral fin cutting continues in the direction along the base of the ribs until the dorsoventral muscles can be released.
Picture of Cyprinus carpio morphological structure and its caption.
E. RESULTS OF OBSERVATIONS
Picture of Cyprinus carpio anatomical structure and its caption.
F.
DISSCUSION
