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DORSAL SIDE
VENTRAL SIDE
MUSCLES OF THE FLOOR OF THE MOUTH AND TONGUE Submental Genohyoid Hyoglossus Myohoid
Myohoid Origin: inner side of the lower jaw Insertion: tendon in median line Action: raises the floor of the mouth for breathing
Submental
Hyoglossus
Origin: anterior end of the mandible Insertion: tendon in mid-line Action: pushes sublingual tubercle on lower jaw
Origin: hyoid Insertion: tongue Action: retracts of withdraws tongue forward
Genohyoid Origin: dorsally on coracoid and clavicle Insertion: ventral side of the hyoid Action: bulges hyoid ventrally
LOWER JAW Masseter
Temporalis
Depressor Mandibuli
Depressor Mandibuli Origin: posterior edge of the tympanic ring via dorsal fascia Insertion: posterior-most end of the lower jaw Action: opens the mouth
Temporalis Origin: side of the skull between eye and tympanic ring Insertion: near posterior posterior end of the lower jaw Action: closes the mouth
Masseter Origin: tympanic ring and adjacent bones Insertion: lower jaw, behind temporal Action: closes the mouth
PECTORAL GIRDLE, SHOULDERS, AND ARMS *Cutaneous Pectoralis
Pectoralis Epicoracoidea Origin: coracoid and epicoracoid bones Insertion: anterior end of the humerus Action: draws arms towards the chest/adduction of arms
Pectoralis Sternalis Origin: xiphisternum Insertion: anterior end of the humerus Action: draws arms towards the chest
Pectoralis Pector alis Abdominis Origin: anterior half of the rectus abdominis Insertion: anterior end of the humerus Action: draws arms towards the chest
Deltoid Origin: clavicle, scapula, and omosternum Insertion: deltoid crest of humerus Action: draws arm forward
Sterno-radialis Origin: episternum Insertion: proximal part of the radius by tendon Action: flexes forearm and the humerus
ABDOMINAL WALL
Rectus Abdominis External Oblique
Transversus
External Oblique Origin: dorsal fascia Insertion: linea alba dorsal to the previous muscle Action: compressor of the abdomen and respiratory muscle
Rectus Abdominis Origin: pubis Insertion: dorsally on sternum and coracoid sternum Action: supports the abdomen, holds the sternum
Transversus vertebrae and the iliac bone Origin: transverse process of the 4 th to 9th vertebrae Insertion: coracoid and xiphisternum Action: same with the external oblique
BACK AND PEL PELVIC VIC GIRDL GIRDLE E Dorsalis Scapulae Latissimus Dorsi Longissimus Dorsi Ilio-lumbaris Coccygeoiliacus
Coccygeosacralis Gluteus
Dorsalis Scapulae
Ilio-lumbaris
Origin: scapula Insertion: tendon joining the latissimus dorsi Action: raises arm towards body
Origin: anterior end of the ilium Insertion: transverse process of the sacral vertebra Action: extensor of the back
Latissimus Dorsi Origin: dorsal fascia Insertion: on deltoid crest Action: raises arm dorsally
Longissimus Dorsi Origin: urostyle Insertion: vertebrae and the back of the skull Action: straightens the back and raises the head
Coccygeo-sacralis Origin: periphery of the urostyle Insertion: transverse process of the 9 th sacral vertebra Action: singly turns the back and raises it
Coccygeo-iliacus Origin: periphery of the urostyle Insertion: anterior part of the ileum Action: holds urostyle in place
Gluteus Origin: middle of the lateral surface of the ileum Insertion: anterior side of head of femur Action: draws thigh forward and upward
THIGH (Ventral) 1. Sartorius 2. Adductor Longus 3. Adductor Magnus 4. Gracilis Major 5. Gracilis Minor 6. Semitendinosus
Triceps Femoris
Gracilis Muscles
Origin: pelvic girdle Insertion: front of the tibia Action: extensor of the shank
Origin: edge of the ischium Insertion: inner side of the tibio-fibula below the head Action: flexes shank
Biceps Femoris Origin: crest of the ileum above the acetabulum Insertion: distal part of the femur and posterior border of the tibio-fibula Action: adducts the thigh against the trunk, also extend to the shank
Semimembranous Origin: dorsal side of the ischium Insertion: posterior end of the tibio-fibula Action: flexes of the shank
Semitendinosus Origin: ischium by two heads Insertion: with the gracilis minor on the proximal end of the tibio-fibula Action: adducts thigh and flexes the shank
Adductor Muscles Origin: ischium and pubis Insertion: distal end of the femur Action: adducts thigh and leg
SHANK (Dorsal)
1. Ga Gasstroc trocne nem mius ius 2. Peroneus
SHANK (Ventral) 1. Ga Gasstroc trocne nem mius 2. Tibi Tibial alis is Posti osticu cuss 3. Ext xten enso sorr Crur Cruris is 4. Tibi Tibial alis is Anti Anticu cuss Longus 5. Tibi Tibioo-fi fibu bula la bone bone
Gastrocnemius Origin: distal end of the femur by a flat tendon, and edge of knee tendon Insertion: tendon of Achilles Action: extends the foot and flexes the shank
Peroneus Origin: knee tendon Insertion: tibio-fibula, distally by ankle Action: draws shank against the thigh and extends or twista the foot
Tibialis Anticus Origin: femur Insertion: calcaneal bone Action: extensor of the foot
Tibialis Posticus Origin: femur Insertion: calcaneal bone Action: extensor of the foot
