G.R. No. L-62114 July 5, 1983
ISIDRO BERNARDO and A!E"ANO BERNARDO, #$%&%&on$'(, )(. "*E +EO+LE O "*E +*ILI++INES, '$(#ond$n%. '$(#ond$n%.
Al$'%o ala, J'. /o' #$%&%&on$'(.
"0$ Sol&&%o' G$n$'al /o' '$(#ond$n%.
RELOA, J.
IRS" DIISION
+$%&%&on$' I(&d'o B$'na'do a( a %$nan% o/ L$dda S%a. Ro(a &n 0$' '&$land &n +la'&d$l, Bulaan /'o O%o$' 192 %o Au7u(% 194. A% %0$ %&$, #$%&%&on$' on(%'u%$d a 0ou($ %0$'$&n /o' 0&( /a&ly( d$ll&n7. *&( (on, o-#$%&%&on$' ay$%ano B$'na'do, a( (%ay&n7 &%0 0& &n (a&d 0ou($ a( 0&( 0$l#$' &n %&ll&n7 %0$ land. Su($u$n%ly, I(&d'o l$/% %0$ land0old&n7 and %'an(/$''$d %o San N&ola(, Bulaan &%0ou% %0$ :nol$d7$ o/ %0$ landon$' L$dda S%a. Ro(a. B$/o'$ l$a)&n7 %0$ land0old&n7, 0o$)$', I(&d'o %'an(/$''$d 0&( %$nany '&70%( %o 0&( (on, o-#$%&%&on$' ay$%ano B$'na'do, 0o on%&nu$d %o '$(&d$ &n (u;$% 0ou($. E)$n%ually, L$dda S%a. Ro(a %oo: #o(($((&on o/ %0$ 0ol$ '&$land, %0'ou70 0$' o)$'($$' D'. +a%'&&o E. 'u<.
A a($ o/ /o'&l$ $n%'y a( =&l$d y L$dda S%a. Ro(a a7a&n(% 0$'$&n #$%&%&on$'(, I(&d'o B$'n B$'na' a'do do and and ay$ ay$%an %ano o B$'na B$'na'd 'do, o, $/o' $/o'$ $ %0$ un&& un&&#al #al ou'% ou'% o/ +la'&d +la'&d$l, $l, Bula Bulaan. an. +$%&%&on$'( +$%&%&on$'( lo(% $/o'$ %0$ &n/$'&o' ou'% a( $ll a( &n %0$ ou'% o/ &'(% In(%an$ o/ Bulaan. L&:$&($, #$%&%&on$'( lo(% &n %0$&' #$%&%&on /o' $'%&o'a'& and andau( $/o'$ %0$ ou'% o/ A##$al(.
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"0$'$a/%$' "0$'$a/%$',, L$dda S%a. Ro(a ($n% a l$%%$' o/ d$and %o #$%&%&on$'( #$%&%&on$'( %$ll&n7 %0$ %o )aa%$ )aa%$ %0$ 0ou($ and %0$ land. >0$n %0$ la%%$' /a&l$d %o l$a)$, a '&&nal o#la&n% a( =&l$d a7a&n(% %0$ /o' )&ola%&on o/ +'$(&d$n%&al +'$(&d$n%&al D$'$$ No. 2 &%0 %0$ =&(al( o/=&$. A/%$' a #'$l&&na'y &n)$(%&7a%&on o/ %0$ a($, %0$ #'o)&n&al =&(al =&l$d %0$ o''$(#ond&n7 &n/o'a%&on &%0 %0$ ou'% o/ &'(% In(%an$ o/ Bulaan, B'an0 I, do:$%$d a( '&&nal a($ No. 3?22-, a( /ollo(
"0a% on o' aou% %0$ 22nd day o/ A#'&l 194, &n %0$ un&&#al&%y o/ +la'&d$l, #'o)&n$ o/ Bulaan, +0&l&##&n$(, and &%0&n %0$ ;u'&(d&%&on o/ %0&( *ono'al$ ou'%, %0$ (a&d au($d I(&d'o I(&d'o B$'na'd B$'na'do o and ay$%an ay$%ano o B$'na'd B$'na'do, o, d&d %0$n and %0$'$ %0$'$ &ll/ully &ll/ully,, unla/ull unla/ully y and /$lon&ou(ly, &%0ou% %0$ :nol$d7$ and %a:&n7 ad)an%a7$ o/ %0$ %ol$'an$ o/ %0$ on$' L$dda S%a. Ro(a y 'u<, (u$$d and@o' on%&nu$ &n #o(($((&n7 and (ua%%&n7 on a #a'$l o/ land o/ %0$ (a&d on$', y $'$%&n7 %0$'$on %0$&' '$(&d$n%&al 0ou($ and /a&l&n7 %o '$o)$ %0$ (a&d '$(&d$n%&al 0ou($ d$(#&%$ d$and %o do (o ad$ y %0$ (a&d on$'.
#on a''a&7n$n%, 0$'$&n #$%&%&on$'(, /a%0$' and (on, $n%$'$d a #l$a o/ no% 7u&l%y. "'&al on %0$ $'&%( o/ %0$ a($ #'o$$d$d and, a/%$' o%0 #a'%&$( 0a)$ (u&%%$d %0$&' a($(, 0$'$&n #$%&%&on$'(, %0'ou70 oun($l, =&l$d a o%&on %o d&(&(( on %0$ 7'ound o/ la: o/ ;u'&(d&%&on o/ %0$ ou'% %o $n%$'%a&n a a($ /o' )&ola%&on o/ +'$(&d$n%&al D$'$$ D$'$$ No. 2, &na(u0 a( %0$ (a$ a##l&$( %o (ua%%$'( &n u'an oun&%&$( only and no% %o a7'&ul%u'al land( %0a% &n %0$ a($ o/ +$o#l$ )(. E0a)$(, 95 SRA 663, &% a( 0$ld %0a% C+'$(&d$n%&al D$'$$ No. 2 do$( no% a##ly %o #a(%u'$ land( $au($ &%( #'$al$ (0o( %0a% &% a( &n%$nd$d %o a##ly %o (ua%%&n7 &n u'an oun&%&$( o' o'$ #a'%&ula'ly %o &ll$7al on(%'u%&on &n (ua%%$' a'$a( ad$ y $ll-%o-do &nd&)&dual(.C
"0$ o%&on %o d&(&(( a( d$n&$d and %0$ %'&al ou'% '$nd$'$d '$nd$'$d ;ud7$n% on)&%&n7 0$'$&n #$%&%&on$'( o/ %0$ '&$ 0a'7$d and ($n%$n&n7 %0$ %o #ay a =&n$ o/ +2,5??.?? $a0, &%0 (u(&d&a'y &#'&(on$n% &n a($ o/ &n(ol)$ny. *$n$, %0&( #$%&%&on /o' $'%&o'a'& %o ($% a(&d$ %0$ d$&(&on o/ %0$ lo$' ou'% on %0$ 7'ound %0a% &% 0a( no ;u'&(d&%&on %o $n%$'%a&n %0$ '&&n '&&nal al a($ a($ /o' /o' all$7 all$7$d $d )&ola% )&ola%&on &on o/ +'$(& +'$(&d$n d$n%&a %&all D$'$ D$'$$ $ No. 2 2 (&n$ (&n$ %0$ /a%( /a%( o%a&n&n7 &n %0$ a($ do no% on(%&%u%$ an o//$n($ o' )&ola%&on o/ (a&d la.
Ind$$d, &n %0$ a($ o/ +$o#l$ )(. E0a)$(, (u#'a, %0&( ou'%, (#$a:&n7 %0'ou70 '. Ju(%&$ Raon . Au&no, 0$ld %0a% +'$(&d$n%&al D$'$$ No. 2 do$( no% a##ly %o #a(%u'$ land(. "0$ #'$al$ o/ %0$ d$'$$ &( uo%$d $lo
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oun&a oun&a%&on %&on(, (, So&al So&al >$l/a'$ $l/a'$ and %0$ D&'$%o D&'$%o'' o/ +ul& +ul& >o':(, o':(, %0$ +** G$n$'a G$n$'all ana7$', ana7$', %0$ +'$(&d$n%&al A((&(%an% on *ou(&n7 and R$0a&l&%a%&on A7$ny, A7$ny, Go)$'no'(, Go)$'no'(, &%y and un&&#al ayo'(, and &%y and D&(%'&% En7&n$$'(, %o '$o)$ all &ll$7al on(%'u%&on( &nlud&n7 u&ld&n7( on and alon7 $(%$'o( and '&)$' an:(, %0o($ alon7 'a&l'oad %'a:( and %0o($ u&l% &%0ou% &%0ou% #$'&%( #$'&%( on #ul& #ul& and #'&)a%$ #'&)a%$ #'o#$' #'o#$'%y %y,, (ua%%&n7 (ua%%&n7 &( (%&ll a a;o' a;o' #'ol$ &n u'an oun&%&$( all o)$' %0$ oun%'y
>*EREAS, any #$'(on( o' $n%&%&$( /ound %o 0a)$ $$n unla/ully ou#y&n7 #ul& and #'&)a%$ land( $lon7 %o %0$ a/=lu$n% la((
>*EREAS, %0$'$ &( a n$$d %o /u'%0$' &n%$n(&/y %0$ 7o)$'n$n%( d'&)$ a7a&n(% %0&( &ll$7al and n$/a'&ou( #'a%&$.
"0$ &n%$n% o/ %0$ d$'$$ &( un&(%a:al$. un&(%a:al$. I% &( &n%$nd$d &n%$nd$d %o a##ly only %o u'an oun&%&$(, #a'%&ula'ly #a'%&ula'ly %o &ll$7al on(%'u%&on(.
"0$ Sol&&%o' G$n$'al G$n$'al &n 0&( 0 &( o$n% %o %0$ #$%&%&on an&/$(%( %0a% C%0$ &n%$n% and #u'#o($ o/ +D 2 &( %o #'o0&&% and #$nal&<$ (ua%%&n7 o' (&&la' a%( on #ul& and #'&)a%$ land( loa%$d &n u'an oun&%&$(. ... %0a% no #$'(on (0ould $ 'ou70% &%0&n %0$ %$'( o/ a #$nal (%a%u%$ 0o &( no% l$a'ly &%0&n %0$, no' (0ould any a% $ #'onoun$d '&&nal 0& 0&0 0 &( no% no% l$a l$a'l 'ly y ad$ ad$ (o y %0$ %0$ (%a% (%a%u% u%$ $ S S )(. )(. Aad Aad San% San%o( o(,, 36 +0&l +0&l.. 243F 243F.. ... ... on($u$n%ly, %0$ d$&(&on o/ %0$ lo$' ou'% &n '&&nal a($ No. 3?22- , on)&%&n7 0$'$&n #$%&%&on$'( o/ %0$ o//$n($ o/ )&ola%&on o/ +D No. 2, &( null and )o&d and (0ould, %0$'$/o'$, $ ($% a(&d$.C
AORDINGL!, %0&( #$%&%&on /o' $'%&o'a'& &( GRAN"ED, %0$ ;ud7$n% o/ on)&%&on &( SE" ASIDE, and (a&d '&&nal a($ No. 3?22- &( 0$'$y DISISSED.
SO ORDERED.
"$$0an:$$ 0a&'anF, +lana, E(ol&n and Gu%&$''$<, J'., JJ., onu'.
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B$'na'do )(. +$o#l$, 123 SRA 365 1983F A"S B$a'do a( a %$nan% o/ L$dda S%a. Ro(a( R&$land &n Bulaan /'o O%. 2 %o Au7. H4. *&( (on (%ay$d &%0 0& &n %0$ 0ou($ u&l% on %0a% land. "0$ %$nany '&70%( o/ %0$ 0ou($ $'$ l$/% &%0 %0$ (on 0$n %0$ /a%0$' %'an(/$''$d u% &%0ou% S%a. Ro(a :no&n7. E)$n%ually, S%a. Ro(a %oo: #o(($((&on o/ %0$ 0ol$ '&$ =&$ld and =&l$d a a($ o/ /o'&l$ $n%'y a7a&n(% %0$ B$'na'do(. "0$ B$'na'do( lo(% &n %0$&' a($( $/o'$ %0$ un&&#al ou'% S%a. Ro(a ($n% a l$%%$' o/ d$and %o #$%&%&on$'( %$ll&n7 %0$ %o )aa%$ %0$&' 0ou($ and land u% (&n$ %0$y '$/u( '$/u($d $d,, a '&&n '&&nal al o#la o#la&n% &n% a( a( 0a'7 0a'7$d $d a7a&n a7a&n(% (% %0$ %0$ /o' /o' )&ola )&ola%&o %&on n o/ +D 2 2 on (ua%%&n7.
ISSE ISSE >0$%0$ >0$%0$'' o' no% no% %0$ I 0a( ;u'&(d ;u'&(d&% &%&on &on %o $n%$ $n%$'%a '%a&n &n '&&n '&&nal al a($ a($ /o' all$7 all$7$d $d )&ola% )&ola%&on &on o/ #'$(& #'$(&d$ d$n%& n%&al al d$'$ d$'$$ $ no 2 2 (&n$ (&n$ %0$ /a%( /a%( o%a&n o%a&n&n7 &n7 &n %0$ a($ do no% on(%&%u%$ an o//$n$ o' )&ola%&on o/ (a&d la
RLING RLING +$%&%&on /o' $'%&o'a'& &( 7'an%$d. No #$'(on (0ould $ 'ou70% &%0&n %0$ %$'( o/ a #$nal (%a%u%$ 0o &( no% l$a'ly &%0&n %0$, no' (0ould any a% $ #'onoun$d '&&nal 0&0 &( no% l$a'ly ad$ (o y %0$ (%a%u%$. Ba($d on &%( #'$al$, +D 2 a##l&$d only %o (ua%%$'( &n u'an a'$a( and no% %o a7'&ul%u'al land(.
