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V-Belt Troubleshooting and Failure Analysis Guide
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V-Belt Troubleshooting and Failure Analysis Guide This belt failure guide is designed to assist in inspecting failed belts and understanding the possible cause of the belt failure. By having an understanding of the cause and effect relationship of belt failures, ensures an accurate and time effective repair. Most belts will operate for years with trouble-free performance. Assisting customers in determining the cause of a belt failure will result in increased customer confidence in the dealership and the product. Use only genuine Briggs & Stratton Power Products Group belts specifically manufactured for use on Simplicity®, Snapper®, Murray®, Brute™, Massey Ferguson®, Agco®, Agco Allis, Duetz-Allis and Allis Chalmers® Lawn and Garden Equipment.
High quality, Long Life Belts Each is designed, engineered and tested to assure extended trouble-free performance. Briggs & Stratton Power Products Group uses high quality belts for the following reasons: • Resists oil, dirt and temperature extremes • Lasts up to four times longer than automotive belts • Lower cost per hour of operation • Maintenance free and requires no lubrication • Covers a wide range of horsepower • Very rugged and will provide years of trouble-free performance even under the most adverse conditions • Smooth starting and operation • Most are constructed with Aramid cords
1
V-Belt Troubleshooting and Failure Analysis Guide top 10 Steps for Checking V-belt Issues 1.
Check for correct blades and balancing.
2.
Check all deck pulleys for wear or inconsistencies.
3.
Check that all deck pulleys are on the same plane.
4.
Idlers should be checked for proper angle or if they are out of plane.
5.
Idler arm should be free to rotate and maintain correct belt tension.
6.
Make sure the belt installed is the correct length, part number, and construction, and has no damage.
7.
No objects, such as guides, should touch the belt other than pulleys and idlers.
8.
Check deck for proper adjustment. This includes proper height, side to side, front to back.
9.
Inspect belt tension springs for damage or defects.
10.
Turn spindles slowly and look for bent shafts and pulleys, and check for bearing wear.
test procedure With machine running and operator positioned in seat
2
1.
Run at full throttle, blades not running. Notice if there is excessive vibration from engine. Repair as needed.
2.
At ¾ throttle, engage blades. Watch for extreme belt movement. Repeat this at ½ throttle and full throttle. (Some movement is normal.)
3.
With blades running, note the vibration. (This should be checked as the throttle is moved slowly from ½ to full.) Heavy vibration may require trying another belt or recheck pulleys and spindles.
V-Belt Troubleshooting and Failure Analysis Guide Trouble Area and Observation
Cause
Remedy
Short belt life
Incorrect part number belt used
Replace with the correct original equipment belt
Relatively rapid failure; no visible reason
Tensil members damaged through improper installation or adjustment
Replace with new belt properly installed or adjusted
Worn grooves in pulley. Check with gauge
Replace pulley(s)
Side walls soft and sticky, low adhesion between cover plies, cross section swollen
Oil or grease on belt or pulleys
Remove oil and grease. Replace belt(s) and clean grooves with cloth moistened with non-toxic, nonflammable degreasing agent or commercial detergent and water
Side walls dry and hard. Low adhesion between cover plies. Bottom of belt cracked
High temperatures
Check for excessive slippage or excessive load
Deterioration of rubber compounds used in belt
Belt dressing
Never use dressing on v-belts. Clean with cloth moistened with non-toxic, non-flammable degreasing agent or commercial detergent and water. Tighten drive belt properly to prevent slippage
Extreme cover wear
Belts rub against guard or other obstruction
Remove obstruction or align drive to give needed clearance
Spin burns on belt
Belt slip while starting or stalling under load
Adjust tension as per operator's manual or replace belt if severely damaged
Broken belts
Sudden shock or impact
Be sure shields are in place and remove source of objects contacting drive pulley or blades
Worn side pattern
Constant slippage
Adjust tension as per operator's manual or replace belt if severely damaged
Misalignment of pulleys
Check and adjust
Worn pulleys
Install new pulleys
Wrong belt cross section
Use correct belt
Exposure to abrasive material
Replace worn parts and be sure proper shields are installed
Heat build-up from constant slippage damaging under cord
Install correct belt, adjust tension as per operator's manual
Belt stored improperly
Use recommended storage practice
Bottom of belt cracking
Belt operating near high heat raising Use correct shielding from heat operating temperature source. Check ventilation and debris buildup
3
V-Belt Troubleshooting and Failure Analysis Guide BELT TURNOVER PATTERN
Trouble Area and Observation
Cause
Remedy
Belt turnover pattern
Misaligned pulleys
Re-align the drive system
Worn pulley grooves
Improper belt tension
Adjust tension per Operator’s Manual
Tensile member broken inside belt through improper installation or adjustment
Replace with new belt(s)
Incorrectly aligned idler pulley
Carefully align idler, check alignment with drive loaded and unloaded
4
V-Belt Troubleshooting and Failure Analysis Guide BELT PULLED APART
Trouble Area and Observation
Cause
Remedy
Belt pulled apart
Extreme shock load
Remove cause of shock load
Belt came off drive
Check for foreign material in the drive. Insure proper tension and drive alignment
5
V-Belt Troubleshooting and Failure Analysis Guide SEVERE CORNER and SURFACE WEAR PATTERNS
Trouble Area and Observation
Cause
Remedy
Severe corner and surface wear pattern
Constant slip
Adjust drive per Operator’s Manual
Misalignment
Re-align pulleys
Worn pulleys
Replace with new pulleys
Incorrect belt
Replace with the correct original equipment belt
6
V-Belt Troubleshooting and Failure Analysis Guide WORN SIDE PATTERN
Trouble Area and Observation
Cause
Remedy
Side worn
Misalignment
Re-align pulleys
Worn pulleys
Replace with new pulleys
Incorrect belt
Replace with the correct original equipment belt
7
V-Belt Troubleshooting and Failure Analysis Guide BOTTOM and SIDE BURNED
Trouble Area and Observation
Cause
Remedy
Side and bottom of belt burned
Belt slipping while starting or stalling under load
Replace belt and tension drive as per Operator's Manual
Worn pulley
Replace with new pulleys
8
V-Belt Troubleshooting and Failure Analysis Guide BAND SIDEWALL
Trouble Area and Observation
Cause
Band cover has flaked off and the Oil or grease on belts or pulleys sidewalls are soft and sticky
Remedy Remove source of oil or grease. Clean pulley grooves with a cloth moistened with non-flammable, non-toxic degreasing agent or commercial detergent and water
9
V-Belt Troubleshooting and Failure Analysis Guide Belt Cut on Bottom
Trouble Area and Observation
Cause
Remedy
Belt cut on bottom
Belt came off pulley
Check drive tension and alignment-- re-tension and align drive properly
Foreign material fell into belt drive making belt come off
Shielding not in place
Belt forced over the pulley flange during installation
Install new belt(s) properly
10
V-Belt Troubleshooting and Failure Analysis Guide BAND SIDEWALL
Trouble Area and Observation
Cause
Remedy
Bottom of belt cracking
Belt slipping, causing heat buildup Install new belts. Adjust tension and gradual hardening of under as per Operator's Manual cord Idler pulley improperly installed Check Operator's causing wear on the wrong side proper belt routing of the belt Improper storage
Manual
for
Avoid extreme heat conditions. Do not bend at extreme angles and lay flat during storage
11
BELT & BLADE — READY REFERENCE — 2007 Edition
V-Belt Troubleshooting and Failure Analysis Guide Belt Cross Section Chart
TP 900-2222-09-UV-SMBA
12
Appendix D-1
SUPPORT PUBLICATIONS
Briggs & Stratton Small Engine Care & Repair Book Part #274041
Briggs & Stratton Service Tools Catalog Part #MS-8746
Briggs & Stratton Small Engines Text Book Part #CE8020
Briggs & Stratton Master Parts Catalog Part #MS-4185
Briggs & Stratton Outdoor Cleaning with Pressure Washers Part #195888GS
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