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Basic Concepts of Islam
A Modern Book of Islamic Studies For Class – 12th 12th (Higher Secondary Part – II) II)
By
Dr. Abdul Wasay Bhat
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DEDICATED TO MY LOVING AND CARING Father and Mother Who gave me the rudimentary knowledge upon which I could build on later. Their devotion to the way of Allah kindled a spark in my heart which has continued to illumine my way. “My Lord, Lord, have have mercy mercy upon them as they they brough broughtt me up up when when I was was small.” (Al Qur’an 17:24)
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New Syllabus For Class 12th
Max. Marks: 100
Time allowed: 3 Hours
Units
Marks
1. Worship in Islam (Ibadah and Arkan) 1. Worship: Meaning and Importance 2. Arkan : Concepts and Importance a. Salah (Prayer) Salah (Prayer) b. Sawm (Fasting) Sawm (Fasting) c. Zakah (Alms Zakah (Alms Giving) d. Hajj (Holy Hajj (Holy Pilgrimage)
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2. Ethical Values in Islam 1. Meaning and Importance 2. Virtues ( Fada’il ( Fada’il ) a. Truthfulness(Sidq Truthfulness(Sidq)) b. Justice („Adl) c. Modesty ( Haya’ ( Haya’ ) d. Trust ( Amanah) Amanah) 3. Vices ( Rada’il ( Rada’il ) a. Back Biting (Ghibah (Ghibah)) b. Lying ( Kidhb) Kidhb) c. Anger (Gayd (Gayd ) d. Theft (Sarq (Sarq)) 3. Human Rights in Islam 1. Meaning and Importance 2. A brief account of the following human rights a. Right to Life b. Right to Belief c. Right to Property d. Right to Freedom of Expression
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e. Right to Privacy Status of Woman in Islam 1. As a Mother 2. As a Wife 3. As a Sister 4. As a Daughter Introduction to the Quran 1. Quran: A Revelation (Wahy (Wahy)) from Allah(SWT) 2. Earlier Revealed Books of Allah (SWT) 3. The Event of first Quranic Revelation 4. Quran: The Final and Universal Message Knowledge and the Quranic Teaching 1. Quran: A Book of Divine Knowledge 2. Importance of Knowledge in the Quran 3. Commandments: a. Lawful ( Halal ) b. Unlawful ( Haram) Haram) Social Teachings of the Quran 1. Respect and Obedience to Parents 2. Respect and Obedience to Teachers 3. Behaviour with Relatives 4. Treatment towards Neighbours Economic Teachings of the Quran 1. Charity (Sadaqah (Sadaqah)) 2. Crop Tax (Ushr (Ushr ) 3. Public Treasury ( Bait Al Maal ): ): Concept and Importance 4. Usury ( Riba): Riba): Meaning and Prohibitions Introduction to Hadith 1. Meaning and Importance 2. Place of Hadith in Islam 3. Kinds of Hadith a. Sahih b. Hasan c. Da‘if d. Maudu‘
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10. Introduction to Fiqh 1. Meaning and Importance of Fiqh 2. Develop of Fiqh: Early Period 3. Sources of Fiqh a. The Quran b. The Hadith c. Ijma d. Qiyas
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Table of Contents Acknowledgments Table of Contents Preface Foreword Unit – Unit – 1: 1: Worship in Islam (Ibadah and Arkan) 1. The Quran and the Hadith on the Worship in Islam 2. Worship: Meaning and Importance 3. Arkan : Concepts and Importance a. The Kalimah b. Salah (Prayer) c. Concept of Salah d. Importance of Salah e. Zakah (Alms Giving) f. Concept of Zakah g. Importance of Zakah h. Sawm (Fasting) i. Concept of Sawm( Fasting Fasting ) j. Importance of Fasting k. Hajj (Holy Pilgrimage) l. Concept of Hajj m. Importance of Hajj 4. Examination Oriented Questions Unit – Unit – 2: 2: Ethical Values in Islam 1. Introduction 2. Meaning and Importance i. Virtues (Fada’il ) a. Truthfulness(Sidq Truthfulness(Sidq)) b. Justice („Adl) c. Modesty ( Haya’ ( Haya’ ) d. Trust ( Amanah) Amanah) ii. Vices ( Rada’il ) a. Back Biting (Ghibah (Ghibah)) b. Lying ( Kidhb) Kidhb) c. Anger (Gayd (Gayd ) d. Theft (Sarq (Sarq)) 3. Examination Oriented Questions Unit – Unit – 3: 3: Human Rights in Islam 1. Meaning and Importance
1- 38 ----01 ----03 ----06 ----07 ----08 ----11 ----13 ----15 ----17 ----19 ----20 ----22 ----23 ----24 ----25 ----33 34-38 39-74 ----39
40-59 ----40 ----45 ----51 ----55 59-69 ----59 ----63 ----65 ----68 70-74 75-86 ----75
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2. A brief account of the following human rights a. Right to Life b. Right to Belief c. Right to Property d. Right to Freedom of Expression e. Right to Privacy 3. Examination Oriented Questions Unit – Unit – 4: 4: Status of Woman in Islam 1. Introduction 2. As a Mother 3. As a Wife 4. As a Sister 5. As a Daughter 6. Examination Oriented Questions Unit – Unit – 5: 5: Introduction to the Quran 1. Introduction 2. Quran: A Revelation (Wahy (Wahy)) from Allah(SWT) 3. Earlier Revealed Books of Allah (SWT) 4. The Event of first Quranic Revelation 5. Quran: The Final and Universal Message 6. Examination Oriented Questions Unit – Unit – 6: 6: Knowledge and the Quranic Teaching 1. Introduction 2. Quran: A Book of Divine Knowledge 3. Importance of Knowledge in the Quran 4. Commandments: a. Lawful ( Halal ) b. Unlawful ( Haram) Haram) 5. Examination Oriented Questions Unit – Unit – 7: 7: Social Teachings of the Quran 1. Introduction 2. Respect and Obedience to Parents 3. Respect and Obedience to Teachers 4. Behaviour with Relatives 5. Treatment towards Neighbours 6. Examination Oriented Questions Unit – Unit – 8: 8: Economic Teachings of the Quran 1. Introduction 2. Charity (Sadaqah (Sadaqah)) 3. Crop Tax (Ushr (Ushr )
----76 ----78 ----78 ----80 ----81 84-86 87-98 ----87 ----88 ----90 ----92 ----94 96-98 99-112 ----99 ---100 ---102 ---106 ---108 110-112 113-120 ---113 ---113 ---114 116-117 116-117 118-120 121-130 ---121 ---121 ---123 ---125 ---125 129-130 131-144 ---131 ---132 ---134
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4. Public Treasury ( Bait Al Maal ): ): Concept and Importance 5. Usury ( Riba): Riba): Meaning and Prohibitions 6. Examination Oriented Questions Unit – Unit – 9: 9: Introduction to Hadith 1. Meaning and Importance 2. Place of Hadith in Islam 3. Kinds of Hadith a. Sahih b. Hasan c. Da‘if d. Maudu‘ 4. Examination Oriented Questions Unit – Unit – 10: 10: Introduction to Fiqh 1. Introduction 2. Meaning and Importance of Fiqh 3. Develop of Fiqh: Early Period 4. Sources of Fiqh a. The Quran b. The Hadith c. Ijma d. Qiyas 5. Examination Oriented Questions Model Test Papers Bibliography
---137 ---138 141-143 145-156 ---145 ---149 151-153
154-156 157---157 ---158 ---159 ---162 ---162 ---162 ---164 ---165 168-170 171-179 181-184
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Acknowledgments
I am highly grateful to the following:
Almighty Allah Allah (SWT) Without His will this book would have not possible poss ible Mrs. Nahida Neelofer, Principal GGHSS Pampore For her encouragement and support Mr. Shabir Ahmad Baba, Vice Principal GGHSS Pampore For his vigorous proofreading and generation of creative ambience Mr. Riyaz Ahmad Dar, Lecturer Commerce GGHSS Pampore For his constant support and friendship Mr. Muhammad Amin Bhat, Master GGHSS Pampore For his inspiration and creative suggestions Mr. Khazar Muhammad Lone, Headmaster HS Kasba Yar Pulwama For his encouragement encouragement Mr. Suhaib Kashmiri For his support and for his valuable time Shazia Wasay For just being there with me always and ever…
I shall be failing in my duty if I did not make special mention of Shabir Ahmad, lecturer English who provided me with valuable suggestions and very profitable look-out for the book. His encyclopedic knowledge and lifelong – chiselled experience has made the book very enriching and productively rewarding. I am highly thankful to KBD Publishers for taking time and support to publish this book. Dr. Abdul Wasay Bhat M.Phil., Ph.D. (Islamic Studies) KU NET UGC, Delhi Arabic (Shu’bah), IIU Madinah,KSA
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Generally speaking, Islamic studies is a subject over which numerous books are being written each and every passing year. Nevertheless, it is at higher secondary level that students are facing a dearth of easy, comprehensible and syllabus-based material. Dr. Abdul Wasay has tried to make up for that deficiency and to what extent he has succeeded is for the readers to judge. I can say one thing for certain that no reader who happens to go through the pages of this book will ever go without having enriched his knowledge and resourcefulness about the fundamentals of Islam in general and about Islam, in particular. More so, he has done it in a light that is quite modern and in sync with pristine message of Islam. What is unique about this book is that every concept and every precept is presented from the point of references of the holy Quran and the Sunnah, the two exclusive and reliable sources to understand Islam. Every page is flavoured with recognized interpretative perception of various authors and, more importantly, every page is made to flow with the pristine and crystal clear waters of the spring of the holy Quran and the Sunnah of Prophet (SAW). Interestingly, the page numbers of all the allusions, references and quotation have been provided at the bottom of the pages making hassle-free inquiry, if any, so easily accessible. Dr. Wasay has a unique style of a research aptitude. He plunges into the root of sources wherever need has arisen and he has avoided as far as possible to go a round-about way upon any issue open to many interpretations. Thus, his logic is convincing, well-grounded and tied to the Quran and the Sunnah. It is by virtue of this aptitude that his appeal appeal is direct, lucid and forceful. Last, but not least, every care has been taken to run every line of thought according to the needs of the students. Topics have been divided and captioned in line with the syllabus framed by J.K. BOSE. However the significant part of the book is that greater purpose of creating mass awareness about Islam is never overlooked. I hope the book will prove very helpful to students in the exams as well as in widening knowledge about Islam. Shabir Ahmad Lecturer English Vice Principal GGHSS Pampore
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Allāh (swt) Allāh (swt) has sent down the Qur’ān as Qur’ān as guidance for all of mankind, with all the rules and regulations we need to stay on the right track. Islam is a very complete way of life. Every rule that is good for humanity has been ordained in the Shariah of Allāh (swt). Allāh (swt). Everything we need, in order to live successfully, can be found in the Qur’ān. Why is it so complete? It is complete because this system was created by the One who is our Creator, The Most Glorious, the one who knows us better than anyone else. He knows all about us and he knows what is best for us. But it is unfortunate on our part that we give meager importance to these facts of holy Quran. This book is a small effort by the author to answer the modern challenges faced by the Muslims of the modern world. The book entitle “Basic Concepts of Islam – A Modern Book of Islamic Studies” is not only useful for the aspirants appearing for secondary school exams but also for the common people who want to know the basics of Islamic teachings. The book has been divided into ten units. In each unit there are sub topics which throw light on each and every aspects of life. Here is a book which will help all individuals to better understand what Islam is? But this book will also help those who so often misunderstand or are misguided in the name of Islam. It is a great pleasure that this book is being placed in the hands of students, teachers and to all who are eager to know the basic teachings of Islam. Instead of offering a formal comment on the merits of the book, I shall end the preface with the prayers that Allah (swt) may bestow His kind acceptance upon Dr. Abdul Wasay’s Wasay’s (my husband) endeavor and make it helpful and beneficial for all readers. Shazia Wasay Bhat M.Sc., B.Ed. 12 June 2013
