Bajiquan 2
Chinese:: 八 極 拳; pinyin: pinyin: Bājíquán) is a Bajiquan (Chinese Chinese martial art that features explosive, short-range power and is famous for its elbow its elbow and and shoulder shoulder strikes. strikes. It originated in the Hebei the Hebei Province Province in Northern in Northern China, China, but spread to Taiwan to Taiwan and and other other places. places. Its full full name is kai men men baji baji quan quan (開門八極拳), which means“open-gate eight-extremities fist”.
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Branc Branche hess and linea lineage gess
Prominent branches and lineages of the art survived to modern times, including Han family Baji, Huo family, Ji family, Li family, Ma family, Qiang family, Wu family (from Wu Xiefeng), Wutan Baji Quan and Yin Yang Baji Quan. Each has its unique elements, elements, while sharing core practices. Some lineages are more common or only exist in Mainland China Mainland China,, while others have spread to Western countries.
Ori Origin gins
Baji quan was originally called bazi quan ( 巴子拳 or 鈀 子拳) or “rake fist”because the fists, held loosely and slightly open, are used to strike downwards in a rake-like fashion. fashion. The name was considered considered to be rather crude in its native native tongue, tongue, so it was changed changed to baji baji quan. The term baji comes from the Chinese classic, the Yijing Yijing (I (IChing), and signifies an “extension of all directions”. In this case, it means “including everything”or “the universe”.
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Wutan Wutan Baji Baji
Wutan Baji is the most common lineage in the West today. day. Original Originally ly from from Taiwan, Taiwan, where where its founder, founder, Liu Yunchiao, Yunchiao, lived. This lineages lineages includes includes additional additional arts which are taught alongside Baji, such as Piguaquan and Piguaquan and Baguazhang.. Baguazhang
The first recorded baji quan teacher was Wu Zhong ( 吳 鍾) (1712–1802 (1712–1802). ). Other Other notable notable teachers teachers included included Wu Xiufeng Xiufeng (吳 秀 峰) and Li Shuwen (李 書 文) (1864– (1864– 1934). 1934). The latter latter was from from Cangzhou Cangzhou (滄 州), Hebei, and acquired the nickname “God of Spear Li”. A Beijing opera Wu Shen (martial male character) by training, he was also an expert fighter. fighter. His most famous quote is, “I do not know what it's like to hit a man twice.” * [1] Li [1] Li Shuwen's students included Huo Dian Ge ( 霍殿 閣) (bodyguard to Pu to Pu Yi, Yi, the last Emperor of China), Li Chenwu (bodyguard (bodyguard to Mao to Mao Zedong), Zedong), and Liu Yun Qiao (劉 雲 樵) (secret agent for the nationalist Kuomintang and instructor of the Chiang Kai Shek's Shek 's bodyguards). bodyguards). Baji quan has since acquired a reputation as the “bodyguard style”. Ma Feng Tu ( 馬鳳圖) and Ma Yin Tu ( 馬 英圖 ) introduced baji into the Central the Central Guoshu Institute (Nanjing (Nanjing Guoshu Guoshu Guan 南京國術館) wher wheree it is requ requir ired ed for all students.* [2] Baji quan shares roots with another Hebei martial art, Piguazhang.. It is said that Wu Zhong, Piguazhang Zhong, the oldest oldest traceable master in the baji lineage, taught both arts together as an integrated fighting fighting system.* [3] [3] They They eventually split apart, only to be recombined by Li Shuwen in the late 18th to early 19th century. century. As a testamen testamentt to the complementary nature of these two styles, a proverb states: “When pigua is added to baji, gods and demons will all be terrified. When baji baji is added to pigua, heroes will sigh 八極參劈 參劈掛， 掛，神 knowing they are no match against it.”(八極 * ) [3] 鬼都害怕。劈掛參八極，英雄嘆莫及
Jian Diansheng Diansheng* [4] [4] >> >> Li Shuwen* [5] [5] >> >> Liu Yunchiao * * >> Adam Hsu [6] [6] and and Tony Yang [7] [7] >> >> Many students in Taiwan in Taiwan and and abroad (taught by either Hsu or Yang).
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Nanjin Nanjing g Baji Baji
Baji Baji of Nanjin Nanjing g was was introd introduc uced ed to the Guosh Guoshu u Instit Institute ute by stude students nts of Zhang Zhang Jingxi Jingxing, ng, Han Huiqi Huiqing ng and Ma Yingtu Yingtu.. Han had had a great great influen influence ce on the spre spread ad of Baji Baji in sou southe thern rn Chin China, a, to the the poin pointt that that ther theree was was a sayi saying ng‘bei bei linan han han’ meaning ‘Li [Shuwen] in the north and Han [Huachen] in the south’.* [8]
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Meng Mengcu cun n Baji Baji
Meng Village (Mengcun ( Mengcun)) is said to be the original birthplace of Baji Quan, or at least the modern versions of the art.* [9] [9] Baji Baji is still widely practiced there.
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Wu Xiuf Xiufen eng g
Wu Xiufeng* [10] [10] (1908–1976) (1908–1976) is the “grandfather”of many modern Baji lineages. The following lineages came down from him. 1
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2.4.1
FEATURES
Tian-style
A branch of the art which has mutual influences from Jingang Bashi—the second art practiced by Tian Jinzhong. Wu Xiufeng >> Tian Jinzhong >> Shen Jiarui * [11] >> Zhou Jingxuan* [12]* [13] >> Many students in China and abroad.* [14] 2.4.2
Yin-Yang
The creation of Zhao Fujiang, who combined his knowledge of Baji, Xingyiquan and Yiquan to create a new art form.* [15]* [16] Wu Xiufeng >> Zhao Fujiang >> Many students in China.
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Features
3.1
Tactics and strategy
Baji quan opens the opponent's arms forcibly ( qiang kai men 强開門) and mount attacks at high, mid, and low levels of the body ( san pan lian ji 三盤連擊). It is most useful in close combat, as it focuses on elbow, knee, shoulder and hip strikes. When blocking an attack or nearing an opponent, baji quan techniques emphasize striking major points of vulnerability, namely the thorax (trunk of the body), legs and neck. The “six big ways of opening ”(liu da kai 六 大 開) are:* [17] •
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Ding 頂: using the fist, elbow or shoulder to push forward and upward. Bao 抱: putting arms together as if hugging someone. It is usually followed by Pi 劈 (splitting). * [18] Ti 提: elevating the knee to hit the thigh of the opponent, or elevating the foot to hit the shin of the opponent, etc.
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Dan 單: using a single move.
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Kua 胯: using the hip.
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Chan 纏: entanglement with rotation around the wrist, elbow and shoulder.
Stepping and body methods
Footwork in baji quan has three special features: •
Zhen Jiao
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Nian Bu
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Chuang Bu
Zhou Jingxuan of Tianjin, holding a typical Baji Quan posture. The sideways-protruding elbow is often used for striking in this art.
These striking techniques are related to traditional Chinese medicine, which states that all parts of the body are connected, either physically or spiritually.
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Forms
The forms of baji are divided into armed and unarmed routines. There are 20 fist forms, which include 12 Baji Small Structure Fists, Baji Black Tiger Fist, Baji Dan Zhai, Baji Dan Da/Dui Da, Baji Luohan Gong, and Baji Si Lang Kuan. There are eight weapons forms, including Liu He Da Qiang (spear), Chun Yang Jian (sword), San Yin Dao (sabre), Xing Zhe Bang (staff), Pudao, and Chun Qiu Da Dao (a long two-handed heavy blade, used by Generals sitting on their horses). Most schools focus on a much smaller curriculum. Standard across almost all groups are Xiaobaji and Dabaji; two weapons forms, the sabre and the spear; a two-man training routine called Baji Duijie or Baji Duida and a series of 8 short attacking methods called the “Ba Shi”(Eight Postures), which are derived from the art of Shaolin Jingang Bashi.
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3.4
Power generation and expression
The major features of baji include elbow strikes, arm/fist punches, hip checks and strikes with the shoulder. All techniques are executed with a short power, developed through training; among Chinese martial artists, baji is known for its fast movements. Baji focuses on infighting, entering from a longer range with a distinctive charging step ( zhen jiao ). The essence of baji quan lies in jin, or power-issuing methods, particularly fa jing (explosive power). The style contains six types of jin , eight different ways to hit and several principles of power usage. Most of baji quan's moves utilize a one-hit push-strike method from very close range. The bulk of the damage is dealt through the momentary acceleration that travels up from the waist to the limb and further magnified by the charging step known as zhen jiao .
Manyof these forms are also based or mixed with Luohan fist, a Shaolin style. The term ba shi may also refer to baji. The term is also used in xingyi quan.
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References
[1] “bajimen.com”. bajimen.com. Retrieved 2009-01-07. [2] Ba Zi Jie Xi: a talk on rake fist 耙子解析 [3] “bajimen.com”. bajimen.com. Retrieved 2015-11-14. [4] “Li Shu Wen”. goldeneaglemac.com. Retrieved 201511-14. [5] “bajimen.com”. bajimen.com. Retrieved 2015-11-14. [6] “AHKFS Home Page”. adamhsu.com. Retrieved 201511-14.
The mechanics of jin are developed through many years [7] of practice and baji quan is known for its strenuous lowerbody training and its emphasis on the horse stance.* [1] [8] Its horse stance is higher than that of typical Long Fist styles. Like other styles, there is also “the arrow-bow stance”,“the one-leg stance”,“the empty stance”(xūbù [9] 虚步), “the drop stance”(pūbù 仆步), etc. There are eight different hand poses, in addition to different types [10] of breathing and zhen jiao . The six Major Characteristic Powers are: * [19] •
Sinking (Xia Chen 下沉 or Chen Zhui 沉墜)
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Thrusting (Chong 沖)
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Extending (Cheng 撑)
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Entangling (Chan 纏)
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Cross (Shi Zi 十字)
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Inch (Cun 寸)
“Tony Yang's Wu Tang Center For Martial Arts”. wutangcenter.com. Retrieved 2015-11-14.
“2 Heroes of the Central Guoshu Institute”. Masters of the IMA. Retrieved 2015-11-14.
“Brief history of Baji Quan”. Wu Family BajiQuan. Retrieved 2015-11-14. Archived January 1, 2009, at the Wayback Machine.
[11] Grandmaster Shen jiarui - Bajiquan Black Tiger form. YouTube. 19 January 2007. Retrieved 2015-11-14. [12] “Home”. weebly.com. Retrieved 2015-11-14. [13] “Cook Ding's Kitchen: Master Zhou: The Man, The Artist, The Teacher”. cookdingskitchen.blogspot.co.il . Retrieved 2015-11-14. [14] “Shang Wu Zhai Shang Wu Zhai trieved 2015-11-14.
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[15] YouTube. youtube.com. Retrieved 2015-11-14. [16] " 阴阳翻拳功". baidu.com. Retrieved 2015-11-14.
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Influences
Baji focuses on being more direct, culminating in powerful, fast strikes that will render an opponent unable to continue. Even so, there are some styles that are derived from Baji's main principles or concepts on how to hit the opponent:
[17] Jaw, Peter (2004). The Treasure Book of Chinese Martial Arts 1 . Authorhouse. ISBN 978-1-4140-7573-0. [18] “Xingyi”. Perry Lo and the Shou-Yu Liang Wushu Taiji Qigong Institute. Retrieved 2009-01-07. [19] Jaw, Peter (2007). The Treasure Book of Chinese Martial Arts 2 . Xlibris Corporation. ISBN 978-1-4257-8571-0.
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Eight postures (Ba shi )
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Eight movements method (Ba shi gong)
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Eight movements method (Ba shi chui )
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Official website of the Wu family BajiQuan
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Double Eight Postures ( Shuang ba shi )
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Bajimen.com - Grandmaster Liu Yun Qiao
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Eight postures of the dragon style (Longxing ba shi )
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External links
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Website of Master Zhou Jingxuan
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Hollowfist.com - Essays about Bajiquan's internal theory. Pachitanglang International - Grandmaster Su Yuchang, disciple of Liu Yunqiao
EXTERNAL LINKS
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Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses
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Text Bajiquan Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bajiquan?oldid=701574891 Contributors: Brian Sayrs, DopefishJustin, Andrewa, Edededed, Robbot, DocWatson42, Bradeos Graphon, Mh, Captain Q, Angie Y., Abstrakt, RJFJR, Woohookitty, Bbatsell, Grammarbot, Rjwilmsi, FlaBot, Chobot, Bailewen, Rsrikanth05, JFD, Rmky87, Nate1481, BOT-Superzerocool, Blackmantis, Shawnc, Darren Lee, PRehse, Tom Morris, SmackBot, Mairibot, Mr.bonus, Derek R Bullamore, Rockvee, NJMauthor, SyousNeo, Zhenshen Wang, Bottesini, RookZERO, ChrisCork, Green caterpillar, Flowerpotman,Damifb, Rhe br, Hiryu84, Gbaddorf,ShinFuYux, Satori Son,Aldis90, Thijs!bot, Dr-dyhr, Lfstevens, Andreas Toth, Fabrictramp, Sixtybolts, Panicpgh, MiltonT, Bradford44, KTo288, Adavidb, Mattskungfu, Pyrospirit, Morinae, S (usurped also), Ellaine Licanor, Deflun, Rossen3, GDonato, Brokenwit, VanBuren, Brianga, AlleborgoBot, Barkeep, Fratrep, Shrine Maiden, Martarius, Avenged Eightfold, Yehluodan, Mild Bill Hiccup, Nysanda, Ludwigs2, Rossen4, Dthomsen8, MystBot, Good Olfactory, Addbot, Queenmomcat, TommyKirchhoff, TheOnlyMerlin, Traitorous Nukenin, Luckas-bot, Yobot, AnomieBOT, Rjanag, Xqbot, Timmyshin, FrescoBot, LucienBOT, DrilBot, Tamariki, EmausBot, WikitanvirBot, SporkBot, Jonathan.bluestein, ClueBot NG, MarkaMarka, Helpful Pixie Bot, InferKNOX, MT Editor, Cyberbot II, ChrisGualtieri, Munkie187, Trixie05, Dgray17280, Ocdoctor, Martialart2015, Hakkyokukenn, BigBrugg6101, Kcorilol and Anonymous: 93
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