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Departemen Teknik Industri

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING


Sasaran Mamp Ma mpu u me meng ngid iden enti tifi fika kasi sika kan n pe perb rbed edaa aan n dan persamaan antara Science, Engine Eng ineeri ering ng dan Ind Indust ustria riall Engineer Engineering ing baik yang terkait dengan ob obye yek knya, met etod oda a an anal alis isiis dan sint nth hes esis is,, ou outp tpu ut, ukuran kinerja dan validitas serta profesinya

TI-1101 Pengantar Teknik Industri Conceptual Framework

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Sasaran Mamp Ma mpu u me meng ngid iden enti tifi fika kasi sika kan n pe perb rbed edaa aan n dan persamaan antara Science, Engine Eng ineeri ering ng dan Ind Indust ustria riall Engineer Engineering ing baik yang terkait dengan ob obye yek knya, met etod oda a an anal alis isiis dan sint nth hes esis is,, ou outp tpu ut, ukuran kinerja dan validitas serta profesinya


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Materi • Linkage Between Science, Engineering and Industrial Engineering • History, Scope and Framework of Engineering • History, Scope and Framework of Industrial Engineering


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Linkage Science Engineering And Industrial Engineering


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Sasaran Mem emah aham amii ke ketter erka kaiita tan n dan ka karrak akte teri rissti tik k Scienc Sci ence, e, Engine Engineeri ering ng dan Ind Indust ustria riall Engi En gine neer erin ing g se sert rta a pe pers rsam amaa aan n da dan n perbedaannya


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Engineering

Industrial Engineering

Science Object : Natural System Artificial System Phenomena : Determistic Det./Probabilistic Output : Theory/Knowledge Product/service Performance : Truth Benefit Validity : Absolute Relative Start : Curiosity Need/Problem Profession : Scientist Engineer

Integrated System Prob/Uncertainty Value Added Efficiency Contextual Need/Problem Industrial Engineer


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Science Prime objective: increase knowledge of natural system Research (Scientific Method) • Formulate Hypothesis • Execute Experiment • Analyze Result • Generalize Hypothesis

Theory/Law

(New Knowledge)

• Publish the New Knowledge TI-1101 Pengantar Teknik Industri Conceptual Framework

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Basic Knowledge And Tool • Basic knowledge » Logic » Creativity

• Tool » Analysis » Synthesis

• Process » Scientific Research


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Types of Research

Basic Research - Curiosity

Applied Research - Need/Problem

- Theory/Explanation

- Product/Service/Method

- Neutral

- Purposive - Private Domain

- Public Domain Discovery

Invention TI-1101 Pengantar Teknik Industri Conceptual Framework

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History Scope and Framework of

ENGINEERING


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Sasaran Memahami disiplin engineering baik body of knowledge, fungsi dan proses engineerring maupun sejarah dan perkembangannya


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Engineering Prime objective: use the knowledge to design and develops usable devices, structure and processes for better human life

Design Process Identification of Need Problem Definition Search Constraint Criteria Alternative Solution Analysis Decision Specification Communication TI-1101 Pengantar Teknik Industri Conceptual Framework

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Basic Knowledge And Tool • Basic knowledge » Mathematics » Natural Sciences

• Tool » Analysis » Synthesis

• Process » Applied Research » Design


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Basic Engineering Process Symptom/Need

Problem (Incl.Outcome)

Analysis(Incld. Exp’tation)

Synthesis of Alt.Solution

Decision ( Best Altv.) Solution, System or Method TI-1101 Pengantar Teknik Industri Conceptual Framework

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Problem Difference

Expectation Objective

Reality Achievement


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Characteristic Of Engineer

• Solve Problem • Analyze • Design System – Creativity – Analysis – Synthesis TI-1101 Pengantar Teknik Industri Conceptual Framework

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Engineering Function • Research • Development • Design • Production &Testing • Construction • Operation


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Engineering Era Early Era

: Before 1750

Knowledge : -Mathematics -Physics

Modern - After 1750 - Not Only Mathematics & Physics * Chemical

* Molecular * Social Sciences

Object

: Physical System

- Not Only Physical System * Life System Abstract


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Early Engineering Era • Egyptian Engineering (3200 BC) • Mesopotamian Engineering (2000 BC) • Greek Engineering (500 BC) • Roman Engineering (320 BC) • Oriental Engineering • European Engineering TI-1101 Pengantar Teknik Industri Conceptual Framework

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Early Engineering Era(1) • Egyptian Engineering 3200 BC, Irrigation 3000 BC, Pyramids

• Mesopotamian Engineering Sumerians Built City Walls, Temple and Dug Irrigation Canal Assyrians Invented Weapon Made of Iron 2000 BC : Assyrians Invented Cavalry


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Greek Engineering 500-400 BC: Golden Age of Greece ( Art, Philosophy, Science, Literature, and Government ) 440 BC

: Pericle Built Temple on the Acropolis

350 BC

: Demetrius Produced the Most Fearsome War Machine ( Belfry Had 9 Stories, 75 Feet Square at the Base, Stood 150 Feet Tall, Weighed 180 Tons, Pushed by 3400 Soldiers)

270 BC

: Ktesibios Designed Water Clock in Alexandria Aristoteles: Mechanika Is the First Engineering Text Plato: Natural Law Archimedes: Archimedes Principle TI-1101 Pengantar Teknik Industri Conceptual Framework

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Roman Engineering 1200 BC : Central Indirect Housing Heating in Beycesultan, Turkey 312 BC : Appian Way( Roma - Capera) First Major Surfaced Road in Europe 40 AD : Claudius Built a Tunnel to Drain Lake Fucius for Irrigation 100 AD : Alexandria Produced Engineering Manuscripts Entitled: Mechanics, Pneumatics, Siegecraft, Automation-making, The Surveyor’s Transit, and Measurement and Mirrors 97-104 AD : Frontinus Built Roman Aqueduct


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Oriental Engineering 1. China • Great Wall 400 BC : Invented Escapement Mechanisms for Clock 105 AD : Paper Was Made in China 1200 AD : Magnetic Needle Was Made

2. India • Ironwork • Jundishapur Was World Science Capital • 700 AD: Indian System of Numbers Was Informed to Western Civilization TI-1101 Pengantar Teknik Industri Conceptual Framework

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European Engineering 1286

: Eyeglasses Invented in Europe

14 Century : Cannon Was Invented in Germany 15 Century : Renaissance 1474

: Republic of Venice Developed the First Formal Patent Law

1483

: Leonardo Da Vinci Was One the Great Geniuses Moved to Milan

1514

: Michelangelo Was Selected in Completing St Peter’s Cathedral

1594

: Galileo Was Issued a Patent on a Device for Lifting Water TI-1101 Pengantar Teknik Industri Conceptual Framework

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Modern Engineering Era

Big Five Engineering

Newer Engineering

• Civil

. Nuclear

• Mechanical

. Computer

• Electrical

. Bioengineering

• Chemical

. Environmental

• Industrial Engineering

. Etc.


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Big 5 Disciplines •

Military Engineering

• Civil Engineering • Mechanical Engineering Mathematics + Physics

Mechanical Principle

Steam Engine

• Electrical Engineering Mathematics + Physics

Electrical Science

Telegraph: Samuel Morse Carbon filament lamp: Thomas Edison

• Chemical Engineering Mathematics + Physics + Chemistry

Synthetic Material

• Industrial Engineering TI-1101 Pengantar Teknik Industri Conceptual Framework

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Newer Discipline • After World War I • Consider As Special Discipline in One of the Big Five Discipline • Nuclear Engineering • Electronic Engineering • Aeronautical Engineering • Computer Engineering • Astronautical Engineering • Environmental Engineering • Bioengineering • Etc TI-1101 Pengantar Teknik Industri Conceptual Framework

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Relationship of Industrial Engineering to Other Engineering and Scientific Disciplines Quality & Reliability

Statistics

Logic

Mathematics

Physics

Operation Research

Electrical Engineering

Computer & Inf.Sci Control Theory

Civil Engineering

Mechanical Engineering

Productivity Science

Psychology and Sociology

Military Engineering

Industrial Engineering

Early Industrial Engineering (Scientific Management)

Early Management Philosophy

Ergonomics

Manufacturing Engineering Chemistry

Chemical Engineering TI-1101 Pengantar Teknik Industri Conceptual Framework

Economics

Physiology

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History Scope And Framework of INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING


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Sasaran Memahami konsep Teknik Industri baik batasan, objek kajian, ruang lingkup, profesi maupun latar belakang kenapa disiplin ini lahir


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Why IE Was Born ? • As a Result of Industrial Revolution • Need for Technically Trained People Who Could Plan, Organize, and Manage the Operations of Large Complex System • Need to Increase Productivity and Efficiency of Operations


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Pioneers Of IE • Adam SMITH • Charles BABBAGE • Eli WHITNEY • Henry TOWNE • Frederick W TAYLOR • Frank B GILBERTH • Lillian GILBERTH TI-1101 Pengantar Teknik Industri Conceptual Framework

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Adam SMITH Wealth of Nations (1776) Specialization of Labor – Division of the task in pin making into 4 separate operations increased output by a factor of almost 5 – 10 worker could produce 48.000 pins per day TI-1101 Pengantar Teknik Industri Conceptual Framework

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Charles BABBAGE On the Economy of Machinery and Manufacture (1832) – motion and time study – division of labor

• Result of factory visit in England and USA(early 1800) • Observed the manufacture of straight pins that: – involve 7 distinct operations – measured the cost and time of performing each operation Money Could Be Saved Using Woman and Children

• Critics : Do not attempt to improve the work methods or reduce the operation time


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Henry TOWNE The Engineer As Economist (1886)

Stressed the Need for Engineers to Be Concerned With the Profitability Effect of Their Decisions


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Frederick Winslow TAYLOR (1856-1915) FW Taylor was Influenced by Towne and Wentworth

• 1874 : Machinist Apprentice in the Hydraulic Work • 1983 : Mechanical Engineer From Stevens Institute and Work at Midvale Steel Company

• 1881 : Began Study of Metal Cutting • 1895 : Presented “A Piece Rate System” at ASME Meeting • 1903 : Presented “ Shop Management” • 1909 : Presented “ Principle of Scientific Management”


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Principle of Scientific Management 1. Develop a science for each element of a man’s work, which replaces the old rule of thumb method 2. Select scientifically and then train, teach, and develop the workman, whereas previously he chose his own work methods and trained himself as best as he could 3. Cooperate heartily with the men so as to ensure that all of the work being done is in accordance with the principles of the science which has been develop 4. There is almost an equal division of the work and the responsibility between management and the workmen. The management takes over all work for which they are better fitted than the workman. TI-1101 Pengantar Teknik Industri Conceptual Framework

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Industrial Engineering ? Industrial Engineering Is Concerned With the Design, Improvement, and Installation of Integrated Systems of People, Material, Information, Equipment, and Energy. It Draws Upon Specialized Knowledge and Skill in the Mathematical, Physical, and Social Sciences Together With the Principles and Methods of Engineering Analysis and Design to Specify, Predict, and Evaluate the Results to Be Obtained From Such System

Object

Knowledge

Skill


Result

Job 38


Object Integrated System

People/Man

+ Material + Equipment + Information + Energy


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Schematic Representation of Integrated System Environment

Boundary Man

Machine

Input

Out-put

Mat

Feed-back TI-1101 Pengantar Teknik Industri Conceptual Framework

: Interaction

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Knowledge • Mathematics • Physics • Social Sciences


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Skill • Method of Engineering Analysis • Design


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Result • Specify • Predict • Evaluate


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Job • Design • Installation • Improvement


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Contextual

2+2=?


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What Design IE Do ? Integrated System

Industrial System (Manufacturing System)

Human Activity System

Management Control System


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Human Activity System • • • • • • • • • •

Manufacturing Process Material and All Other Resources Machines and Equipment Methods by Which Workers Perform Task Layout of Facilities and Specification of Material Flow Material Handling Equipment and Procedures Workplace Design Storage Space Size and Location Procedures for Maintenance and House Keeping Safety Procedures


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Management Control System(1) • Management Planning System • Forecasting Procedures • Budgeting and Economic Analysis • Wage and Salary Plans • Inventive Plans and Other Employee Relation System • Recruiting, Training, and Placement of Employee • Material Requirement Planning • Inventory Control • Production Schedulling • Dispatching TI-1101 Pengantar Teknik Industri Conceptual Framework

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Management Control System(2) • Progress and status reporting • Corrective action procedures • Information system • Quality control system • Cost control and reduction • Resources allocation • Organization design • Decision support system • Etc TI-1101 Pengantar Teknik Industri Conceptual Framework

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Performance Efficiency

Effective

+

Min Cost

Objective Achievement/Actual TI-1101 Pengantar Teknik Industri Conceptual Framework

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