B2+_Test_CD_post-recording_script.doc

Gateway B2+ Tests A and B Audioscript

GATEWAY B2+ TESTS FINAL AUDIO SCRIPT One Test CD IDENT: Gateway B2+ Tests by Katie Mansfield Published by Macmillan Education, a division of Macmillan Publishers Ltd. copyright Macmillan Publishers Ltd., 2012

Voices: Mix of younger and older adults, male and female, mix of accents, regional but not too strong, some American, Australian too if possible. Order of units on CD: Unit 1 Unit 2 Unit 3 Review 1 Unit 4 Unit 5 Unit 6 Review 2 Unit 7 Unit 8 Unit 9 Review 3 Unit 10 Final Review

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Unit 1 Listening exercise 8 [CONVERSATION BETWEEN YOUNG LADY IN LATE TWENTIES, FUN PERSONALITY, WELL SPOKEN, AND A FEMALE RADIO DJ] You are going to hear an interview with a socialite. Choose the correct alternative, a, b or c, to answer the questions. Interviewer: We welcome to our show today Nicola Richardson, London’s most famous socialite. Welcome Nicola! Nicola: Thank you for inviting me here. Interviewer: So, we have invited you here today so you can tell us a bit about the column that you are going to be writing for London: night and day magazine. It’s a weekly column isn’t it? Nicola: Yes that is correct. Well, I will be guiding budding young socialites to a few exclusive venues throughout the capital and suggesting potential eateries and hip and trendy night spots. Interviewer: That sounds like a tough job! Nicola: It’s definitely the perfect job for me! I love entertaining and I particularly enjoy being entertained in fancy restaurants. My friends and I are always present at the openings of new restaurants. It’s our livelihood! Interviewer: My next question to you has to be, how do you stay slim when you spend most days eating out? Nicola: It’s not just most days but every day! I can’t actually remember the last time I ate at home. In fact, I don’t even know if I own any cutlery or crockery! Getting back to your questions...When I’m eating out, I’m quite sensible. I often opt for the lighter options, for example, salads or soups and I try not to eat any bread or pasta - that would definitely not be a good idea. I need to fit into my skinny jeans! Interviewer: You mentioned you love entertaining - how is this possible if you don’t know your way around your own kitchen? Nicola: Easy. I employ caterers for all of my dinner parties. They are brilliant. They arrive the day before the party, they bring their own equipment, they cook the food, they serve it and they even clean up afterwards! What more could you ask for?!

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Interviewer: Sounds perfect! So can we have an insight into the life of Nicola Richardson - could you describe a typical day in your life? Nicola: Yes of course. Well, I often get up around ten. I go to the gym, check my emails and then my hairdresser arrives. She does my hair and then I leave the house in a taxi. Every day, I meet a different friend or friends for lunch. Then, I go shopping to try and find a suitable outfit for the evening. Sometimes it’s not possible but there are some lovely boutique shops near Bond Street. You see, I try not to wear the same clothes more than twice. In my circle, this is how it is. I then go home, get changed and if I have time, I have a little nap and if not I go straight out again. I’m usually out meeting friends at around eight pm. The evening timetable is easy. We have dinner in some swanky restaurant or at someone’s house. I usually don’t get back home until after one o’clock. Interviewer: Such a busy life you lead. I don’t know how you keep up. Unfortunately, ladies and gentleman, that’s all we have time for. If you want more information about the best places to dine and party the night away then you can consult Nicola’s column in London: night and day magazine which will be coming out on Monday next week.

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Unit 2 Listening Exercise 8 You are going to hear three speakers talking about their driving test experiences. Match each speaker 1, 2 or 3 with the best answer A-E from each list. There are two answers in each list you do not need. Speaker 1 (MAN IN MID 40’S – Eastern European accent accent) On the actual day, I was so nervous. You see, I hadn’t lived in the UK long and so driving on the left side was relatively new to me. Even though I had a driving licence in my own country, for some reason it wasn’t valid here and so I was forced to take my test again. Waste of time and money! Anyway, just as I got to the test centre, it started to snow. I’m not talking small snowflakes falling out of the sky but a full flurry of snow. So much that it settled on the ground. As I sat in the waiting room, so I got more anxious. I had never driven in the snow before! A mixture of excitement and anxiety took over as I watched in amazement the snow falling on the pavement. Luckily, after half an hour, the examiner announced that all of the tests had been cancelled and that we would have to re-book for the following month. One month later, I was back in the same chair and as predicted, I passed the test. Speaker 2 (Female EARLY 30’S) I remember the day perfectly well. I had just turned 17 and it was a Thursday morning. As I was the youngest in my year at school, I was the last one to learn to drive. Getting my licence was really important to me. All of my friends were showing off with their new cars and boasting about how independent they were. I was so jealous of them. I remember pulling out of the test centre and out onto the road. That’s when it all went horribly wrong. We approached a set of traffic lights and the examiner asked me to turn right. I checked my mirror, signalled my intention to manoeuvre and then seeing the traffic light on green, started to turn. At that moment, the examiner shrieked and slammed on the emergency brake. I didn’t know what was going on. I panicked, the car stalled and immediately came to a halt. We sat still in the middle of the road with traffic piling up behind us. The examiner looked at me horrified. He explained that the traffic light was green for those going straight on but not for those turning right. We had nearly crashed into the oncoming traffic! An immediate fail and I had only been in the car two minutes!

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Speaker 3 (lady mid 50’s – cautious) I’d been taking lessons for eight months, so plenty of time, when I decided I was willing and ready to take my test. I applied for a test date and can you believe it, I was given the very next day. There had been a cancellation and they asked if I would be willing to take the slot. At first I said ‘no’ but then I changed my mind. Twenty hours later, I was sitting in the waiting room, waiting for the examiner to call my name and start the most exciting experience of my life. I thought I would feel nervous but the adrenaline had the opposite effect on me. I have a vague memory of the test and the things I was instructed to do. I remember the three point turn and reverse parallel parking. But for the life of me, I can’t recall which roads we went down or what the instructor looked like. I do, however, have a perfect recollection of the moment I stopped the car and the instructor informed me that I had passed my test. I cried tears of joy!

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Unit 3 Listening Exercise 7 You are going to hear a researcher explain how she believes the Internet is affecting our minds. Complete sentences 1 to 5. Use no more than three words and/or a number. In today’s society, more and more people are members of social networking sites. These sites enable a person to make as many on-screen friendships as they like. In fact, my daughter knows people that have more than one thousand on-line friends. However, often during their apparent ‘friendships’, those involved do not actually meet face-to face. Interaction is purely via chat rooms, texts or emails – they remain completely virtual to each other. With the majority of social networking sites these days, people have the ability to upload pictures, comment on their ‘friends’ pictures or status and they have access to their supposed ‘friends’ personal information. But how do the youth of today cope with so many friends? How do they maintain friendships with so many people? I think this is easy to answer. To me, for example, a friend is someone you talk to on the phone, call up at any time of the day or night if you have a problem, meet for a coffee or just simply invite round for dinner. To the younger generation, a friend is someone you can keep up to date with on the internet simply by viewing their status or flicking through their latest pictures. With my friends, I know everything about them, as I have spent a lot of time and patience building and maintaining a relationship with them. With today’s young people, friendships seem to be formed with people they barely know or have talked to, for example, my daughter was telling me you can be friends with a person you say ‘hello’ to at a party or a friend of a friend who you think looks quite nice. The concept of what constitutes a friend has undeniably changed, caused in part by the internet. The duration of friendships has also changed. From my point of view, a friend is for life and although you have bad times together and at times argue, you make it through to the other side with perseverance. A friendship is just like a marriage; it needs work. Unfortunately, the younger generation don’t share this viewpoint. To them, a friendship would never last years, as that would be ‘way too boring’. Children today have friendships that last weeks or if you’re lucky, months! They are extremely self-centred. Life it would appear has to revolve around what they want and what they have the energy for. Say, a ‘friend’ is in need and they can’t be bothered because something better is going on, then they can just eliminate them from their list of hundreds of ‘friends’ or

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simply ignore their cry for help. So, everyone wants to know the reasons for these drastic changes. Unfortunately, the internet is a direct culprit. It has been proven by scientists that the younger generation now has a shorter concentration span. They have everything available to them at the touch of a button. If they get bored with a game or website, they move onto something else and, unfortunately, this is the same mentality they have towards friendships. This apparent lack of ability to concentrate on one thing for more than a few minutes means that they don’t make the effort to understand each other. Their minds have not had the chance to develop like the older generation who, when growing up, had more time to build friendships and time to value others.

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Unit 4 Listening Exercise 8 You are going to hear an interview with a British scientist. Complete 1-5 in the fact sheet below. Use no more than three words in each gap. (Dr Wilkinson – intelligent older man – well spoken) Radio Broadcaster: We will now be speaking to Doctor Wilkinson, who works for a famous research laboratory in London. He believes he is on the brink of a discovery. Doctor Wilkinson, good morning! Dr. Wilkinson: Good morning everyone! Can you hear me ok? I’m in the car. Radio Broadcaster: Yes, we can hear you perfectly well. Doctor Wilkinson, it has been rumoured that you are working on something that could potentially save lives. Dr. Wilkinson: Well, we hope so. My colleagues and I are trying to devise a pill which protects human skin and eyes from the harmful effects of the sun. A sunscreen for humans, but in pill form. Once the pill is on the shelves and in use, we predict a reduction in the number of individuals suffering from the devastating effects of the sun. Radio Broadcaster: How is this even possible? Dr. Wilkinson: For the last five years, my team of researchers and I have been examining the way in which coral, which can be found in our oceans, protects itself from ultraviolet rays. Basically we have observed that the algae which can be found living on the coral somehow passes a compound to the coral which the coral then modifies. This modified compound is then used as a natural sunscreen and protects both the coral and the algae from the sun’s damaging rays. At the moment, we are in the process of trying to determine what this compound is. Once we have done this, we believe that we will be able to create a natural sunscreen in our own laboratories for humans to take in pill form. Radio Broadcaster: What is the next stage in the process? Dr. Wilkinson: As soon as we have discovered the compound, we will begin testing. From our prognosis, we believe this will be within the next 24 months. Tests will not be carried out on humans, as this would be too dangerous. They will be performed on skin samples which will be given to us by cosmetic surgeons. During the testing process, we will measure the quantity of the compound needed, the results and, of course, we will

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monitor any possible side affects. We are hoping that this pill will be available to customers in the next five years. Radio Broadcaster: Does this mean the end of days at the beach applying endless sun tan cream? Dr. Wilkinson: Well you say that, but the answer is ‘no’, as the pill will only be available by prescription and Doctors will only prescribe the drug to those who are prone to burn or those with skin conditions. Radio Broadcaster: So, it won’t be sold over the counter? Dr. Wilkinson: No, I don’t see that happening. Radio Broadcaster: Once the pill has been released in the UK, will your research be over? Dr. Wilkinson: No, in fact we are looking to further our research. After we have concluded this experiment, we would like to continue researching in the same field. At present, farmers in tropical countries are unable to grow certain crops like potatoes and wheat due to the daily high exposure to UV rays, in other words, sunlight. We would like to see if adding the extra gene from the coral to the plant can change the situation. In effect, we would like to see if by adding a sunscreen to plants they are able to grow in conditions where normally it is impossible. If we are successful, this could mean that developing world economies can gain access to nutrient rich food sources all year long. Radio Broadcaster: This would certainly change a lot of people’s lives. We wish you and your team the best of luck!

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Gateway B2+ Tests A and B Audioscript Unit 5 Listening Exercise 8 You are going to hear an interview between a news reporter and a local MP. Complete 1-5 in the summary below. Use no more than three words in each gap. Reporter:

In the US, many states enforce curfews on children under the age of 16. What is the current situation here in the UK?

MP:

At present, curfews can be applied to children up to the age of 15 by local authorities or police organisations.

Reporter:

What is the process local authorities have to go through in order to initiate a curfew?

MP:

First of all, a local authority has to apply for a specific curfew. On the application form, the authority has to identify the defined geographic area where they require the curfew, for example, the town centre, local parks, etc. They also need to state the curfew time period. For example, in the US a lot of states apply their curfew between the hours of 9pm and 6am in winter and then from 11pm until 6am in summer. In the UK, the curfew can be applied for up to 90 days at a time. If the authority then sees that it is having the desired effect, they can re-apply for another 90 days.

Reporter:

Are curfews a popular phenomenon here in the UK?

MP: Since their introduction in 1998, unfortunately no curfews have been requested. Reporter: I see. So why would local authorities be interested in enforcing such a campaign? MP:

There are numerous benefits to teenage curfews. Firstly, youth crime campaigners believe that by enforcing them local authorities will reduce the amount of child disorder, crime and anti-social behaviour. There is also the view that by preventing children under the age of 15 being on the streets during the hours of darkness, we are protecting them from possible danger.

Reporter:

These are definitely two advantages to the system but I can also see how children could feel that they are being punished for the bad behaviour of perhaps a minority of the population.

MP:

This has been pointed out before but as previously mentioned we are also trying to protect the children from possible danger.

Reporter:

A few years ago, police authorities deployed an increased number of police officers to the streets with a view to decreasing street crime. Could this be a reason why fewer authorities have felt the need to apply for a teenage curfew?

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Gateway B2+ Tests A and B Audioscript MP:

This could definitely be a reason. The streets are becoming a safer place and hopefully in the future curfews will not even need to be considered.

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Unit 6 Listening Exercise 8 You are going to hear three people talking about their unusual homes. Choose from Speaker 1, 2 or 3 to answer questions A-E. Speaker 1 My husband and I live in a home that we designed ourselves. Disillusioned by reading about the negative effects of heating systems and electric goods on the environment, we decided to reduce our carbon footprint. Our friends think that what we have done to our house is crazy, but we feel more environmentally friendly and proud of the way we live. To start with, we removed our central heating system and replaced our gas and electricity system with a wind powered one. My husband installed a ten foot tall wind turbine in the garden, which gives our house energy to power our electric goods and our water boiler. To ensure that our house was properly insulated, we re-insulated the loft with natural fibres and replaced some of the windows. As we have a substantially large garden, we decided to dig it up and create our own market garden. Every year, we grow fresh fruit and vegetables. The taste is so much better, even if I do say so myself. Although we’re generally satisfied with where we live, I can say that it does get a little chilly in the house on cold winter days! Jumpers have to be worn! Speaker 2 I got so fed up with rising house prices that I decided to think of other options. I was browsing the Sunday papers when I came across an advert in the job section of the paper that stated it was looking for a ‘house boat sitter’. The advert mentioned that the ‘chosen one’ would live on a luxurious boat, rent free. I phoned and went to meet the owner. We got on like a house on fire and he offered me the ‘job’ then and there. The job was to live on his house boat, which was moored up at St. Catherine’s Dock, and to let the owner know if there were any problems. At the time, I thought it was too good to be true, but I’ve been here for two years now and I love it. There are two double bedrooms, a shower and a small kitchenette area. My friends absolutely love coming to visit me, especially in summer. The only downside is when there are extreme weather conditions. The sound of the rain can be deafening and the waves can make me feel a little sea sick. But that said, I think I’m the luckiest person in London! Speaker 3

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When Dan and I discovered that the local windmill was going on sale, our interest was immediately aroused. We arranged a viewing, and once inside found ourselves in a place full of charm and character. We had been hunting for over a year and had never found the right house because of our long list of requirements. But it seemed to tick all of the boxes. It had plenty of light inside, it was quirky and it had a lot of space. The windmill needed some reconstruction and restoration, but Dan was not afraid of hard work. We wanted the windmill to contain some modern features like heating and electricity but also for it to keep its natural charm. We moved into the windmill eighteen months after buying it. We love living here. One of our favourite things is the views. Each window offers a slightly different perspective. The largest room is on the ground floor, and then each floor up gets progressively smaller. We stopped going to the gym because we found that we do enough exercise running up and down the flights of stairs! The only downside of living here is that the stone from the original walls is always crumbling off and I find myself forever sweeping it up.

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Gateway B2+ Tests A and B Audioscript Unit 7 Listening Exercise 8 You are going to hear a talk about how consumers can help the environment. Complete sentences 1-6. Use no more than three words in each gap.

(One man talking to audience- jolly but serious in places ) It’s my nephew Jack’s third birthday. The family and a handful of his friends from nursery school are sitting around the kitchen table watching him unwrap the mountain of birthday presents he has laid out in front of him. Soon the table and the floor are covered in wrapping paper, plastic boxes, cellophane and polystyrene. But where is all this packaging going to end up? That is a good question. Generally, at birthday parties and celebrations, the concept of recycling is usually forgotten, as people are too busy having fun and are worried about entertaining people and ensuring everyone has enough to eat and drink. I’m here today to talk to you about the importance of recycling and to give you information about some of the potential alternatives. My talk today will be divided into two parts. First of all, I’m going to give you some of the facts surrounding the current recycling situation in the UK. Then, I’m going to give you some information about how we can improve the current state of affairs. To date, the rubbish we put into our standard rubbish bins ends up at landfill sites. Landfill sites are what we humans use as our dumping grounds. They are huge holes in the ground where we bury our rubbish, cover it over and then forget about it. It has been estimated, however, that in the near future, the UK is going to run out of these areas and we will not have anywhere to dispose of our refuse. So then, what are we going to do? By then, the question is: will we be able to recycle everything? That’s the problem, there are still numerous products which cannot be recycled. Nowadays, UK citizens and companies collectively only recycle approximately 40% of their goods. That’s less than half. And it is believed that of this figure, a relatively small proportion, approximately 4-5%, is in reality rejected by the recycling plant because it has been placed in the wrong recycling container. So, what can we do to improve the current situation? I believe we need to tackle the situation from two perspectives. Firstly, we need to educate people, and secondly we need companies to become more eco-friendly. Regarding the first point, that of educating people, the first step is to make consumers aware of what happens if they don’t recycle. This could be done by showing consumers a series of shocking pictures. They could then be educated on the 3Rs of the environment, which are (1) reduce, (2) reuse, (3) recycle. Clothes, toys and mechanical

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goods can be handed down to family members or friends of the family so that they can reuse them. It has been said “your junk can be someone else’s treasure”, so why throw things away? People are sometimes embarrassed about doing this but if we don’t, our world is going to be overcrowded with consumer goods. Perhaps having learned a little more about the environment, people will be more conscious of their actions. With regard to companies, the government could ensure that they reduce their commercial waste by reducing the amount of packaging they use on products. Frequently, packaging is excessive. Children’s toys are usually the worst. And more often than not, the packaging used is not recyclable. Companies should be forced to use more eco-friendly packaging and less of it. Today I’ve mentioned just a few simple things that can be done to help the current situation. There are, of course, many, many more things. For more information, please visit my website. Thank you for listening.

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Gateway B2+ Tests A and B Audioscript Unit 8 Listening Exercise 8 You are going to hear an interview with a retired accountant. Complete 1-5 in the summary below. Use no more than three words for each gap. I: David, welcome to our show today. You were the lucky winner of our competition. Congratulations! D: Thank you. I: We literally had thousands of competition entrants to the ‘how do you live your life to the max?’ competition but it was your story that caught our eye and had the most impact. Let’s see why. So, looking at your background and history, we can see that you’re 61 years old, have three children and used to be a chartered accountant. D: Yes, that’s correct. I: A lot of listeners are already starting to think this all seems pretty dull but it all starts to get interesting the year you retired. Tell us a bit about what happened. D: My wife and family had been begging me for years to take early retirement. I was at a stage where I was working 60- hour weeks and I was spending hardly any time with my family or friends. I was completely absorbed by work. But the idea of early retirement frightened me. I had plenty of money in the bank but the thought of having so many hours free each week to do whatever I wanted was unthinkable. I: What changed things? D: One Saturday night, my 18 year old son brought home a DVD for the family to watch. It was called ‘The Bucket List’ and well, the film stopped me in my tracks and completely opened my eyes to life, my life. I wasn’t getting any younger and when I thought about it, I had stopped enjoying life. I guess, in the back of my mind I thought that life would always be there and that everything would be ok. But, that’s not how it works. People get ill, family members pass away in unforeseeable circumstances and people take life for granted. That very day, I wrote my own ‘bucket list’. I: For those that haven’t seen the film and who are unaware of what Dave is talking about, a ‘bucket list’ is a list compiled of things a person aspires to do before they ‘kick the bucket’. A euphemism for ‘pass away’ or ‘die’. So, what happened next? D: After seeing the film, I handed in my notice and I started to work my way down my list. The first thing I did was take my family to South Africa. I had always wanted to go on a safari and I have to say, the experience was mindblowing. We got up close to elephants, tigers and zebras. After that, I learned how to fly a plane. That’s when I really started to see life from a different perspective. Then, my wife and I went on a three month trip around South

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Gateway B2+ Tests A and B Audioscript America. We hiked in the Amazon rainforest, went to the Rio carnival and spent a week in Buenos Aires. I was fulfilling my dreams. I: It sounds amazing, so what else do you have left to do on this magical list? D: I’ve got it here, let’s take a look. I’m not sure I’ll be able to get through all of these things, but I’m going to try. The next 5 things I want to try and do are: swim with dolphins, snorkel in the Great Barrier Reef, travel on the Orient Express, learn how to speak Japanese and raft through the Grand Canyon. I: It all sounds amazing. Good luck completing your list. Well, do you have any advice for our listeners out there? D: Yes I do! Don’t take life too seriously, make a bucket list from a young age and enjoy working your way through each point. I: Thanks, Dave. And to all our listeners out there, get writing!

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Unit 9 Listening Exercise 8 You are going to hear four speakers talking about new challenges at work. Match each speaker, 1, 2, 3, or 4 with the best answer AF from each list. There are two answers in each list you do not need. (4 speakers, two men and two women) Speaker 1 (man) Four weeks ago, my boss requested an impromptu meeting with him in his office. I had no idea what he was going to say. He asked me if I was serious about my job. A silly question, I thought. I had worked with the company for over 3 years and had always shown dedication. I answered “yes” and he then went on to explain why he had asked the question. Apparently, there was going to be an opening for a Senior Accountant in the next 6 months in our head office in Germany. He said that I would be considered for the promotion if I took up German immediately. The job would mean being relocated to Germany but I have always wanted to live abroad for part of my life. So, I’ve been learning German for three weeks now, and I must say that despite studying grammar and vocabulary for three hours a day, I’m actually enjoying it. Speaker 2 (woman) I work as a Senior Personal Assistant at a company that sells soft drinks to most European countries and because our company made a loss two years consecutively, the management team decided to decrease the workforce. Fortunately, my position was never questioned, but two other Personal Assistants were made redundant. As the only Personal Assistant left at the company, this means that I have now been given the workloads of those that left the company. In effect, my work has tripled! I now assist three different directors whereas before I only assisted one. It’s challenging because each director likes things done a particular way, and I now have the stress of learning their different preferences. I used to have time for a one hour lunch break every day, but now this is unthinkable. I now eat my lunch in front of my computer screen, typing up letters for my three bosses. Speaker 3 (woman) People usually describe me as a shy and quiet individual who likes to keep herself to herself. I am able to talk to people I know, but, on the whole, when speaking to a group of people I’m unfamiliar with, I give the impression of being unfriendly and on occasions rude. That’s why when

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my boss told me that he wanted me to do a 10-minute presentation at the next marketing conference, I nearly had a panic attack. The thought of speaking in front of 60 people terrifies me. If I refuse to do the presentation, I run the risk of being fired and so I’m 100% determined to do it. A friend of mine has recommended a Confidence Specialist who I’m going to see on Wednesday. I’ve got five weeks until the presentation and I’m desperately hoping to overcome my fears by then.

Speaker 4 (man) When I went for an interview at the company I now work for, they warned me that they were planning to move the branch to a different location in the near future. I didn’t consider it too much of a problem; therefore, I took the job. After two years, we were still in the same location and no one had mentioned anything about moving since the interview, and so I bought a house on the outskirts of west London. Two weeks after moving in, the bank announced that they had found a suitable place in east London and that we would be moving the following month. Now based in east London, it takes me over one hour and a half to get to work. I have to take four different modes of transport: car, train, underground and bus and the recurring challenge I have is getting to work on time!

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Gateway B2+ Tests A and B Audioscript Unit 10 Listening Exercise 9 You are going to hear a radio discussion about a teaching technique called ‘drilling’. Complete sentences 1-7. Use no more than three words in each gap. (Radio discussion between male (Andy) and female (Liz). Radio dj is present to ask questions and direct the discussion) I: As I understand it, ‘drilling’ is a method used by language teachers, in which the teacher utters a word or phrase they would like the students to learn and they then repeat it. A: Yes, that’s correct. It’s a listen and repeat technique and the teacher’s role is to listen out for any issues with pronunciation, intonation or word stress and correct them. I: Andy, you’re a fan of this technique, while Liz, you’re against it. Andy, tell us why you support ‘drilling’. A: Many of the students I teach are living in the UK and are learning English as a foreign language. A number of the students I teach are from Asia, and, in the UK, people often struggle to understand them when they speak, as they mispronounce words because their own language is so different. They often have a great command of the English language and can read, write and understand perfectly well, but their pronunciation, unfortunately, makes them, at times, incomprehensible. Therefore, through drilling key words and phrases their pronunciation can be greatly improved, which in turn leads to them being understood in the real world. I: Ok, thanks Andy. So, Liz, what’s your point of view? L: Well, I’ve taught in Italy for years and I‘ve seen devastating effects of this technique. In one instance, I was in a social situation when I got talking to a man who, when he realized I was English, started reeling off phrases that he knew in the language. I was, at first, quite impressed, his pronunciation and intonation were almost perfect. Once he had finished regurgitating his repertoire of expressions, I asked him about his experience learning English. But, unbelievably, he didn’t understand a word of what I was saying. He just answered my questions with other phrases that he knew. Initially I thought it was my accent, and so I asked him another question, this time slowly and articulating every word, “What do you usually do in your free time?” He looked at me and for a second I thought he had understood me, but then he responded with something completely unrelated! He told me that he had worked for his company for three years and then listed the reasons why he wanted to leave. I: That’s strange! What had happened? L: Well, unable to communicate with him in English, we switched to Italian and I discovered that he had attended a two week intensive course, at a language

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Gateway B2+ Tests A and B Audioscript academy, on how to pass an interview. He had seen the job advertised online for a position that required fluent English and desperate for the job he forged his CV to match the job requirements and, when called to set a date for an interview, they asked him if he would mind the interview being conducted in English! He panicked and joined this academy that promised fluency in two weeks. The course literally taught him how to answer, in detail, every single interview question possible. I: Did he have any previous knowledge of the English language? L: Well, that’s it. He knew a few words, but he had never formally studied it. During the course, the teachers didn’t give him any grammar or vocabulary. They just fed him phrases and, at times, whole conversations. It was all about listening and repeating. A: Ok, but this is an extreme case of drilling. I think when used in moderation it can be a positive thing. L: Perhaps you’re right, but so often teachers over-use this technique. I: So my question is, did the guy get the job? L: I couldn’t believe it, but he did, and now he’s going to have to speak English in meetings. I think he’s going to find it a real struggle.

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Review Test 1 Listening Exercise 8 You are going to hear an interview with a scientist. Complete sentences 1-5. Use no more than three words and/or a number in each gap. (Scientist – old and very well spoken) Interviewer: In a recent article published in Science Uncovered, you claim that sleep can solve problems. Could you explain to the audience exactly what you mean by this? Scientist: Well, yes, I recently carried out an experiment on a group of volunteers. They were all given a range of creative problems to solve at the beginning of the day and were told to report back in the evening with the possible answers. The results were fascinating. Those that had had what they referred to as a ‘power nap’ or a ‘siesta’ at some point during the day, had strikingly better results than those that hadn’t. Just by having a nap, they had enhanced their problem solving skills. Interviewer: So I guess that’s where the expression ‘sleep on it’ comes from! Scientist: Exactly. In the past it was believed that you needed to spend hours asleep before you could potentially solve the issue or problem that was bothering you. We have now proven that you only need to enter the REM sleep phase to activate your lateral thinking skills. Interviewer: Could you shed some light on what you mean by the REM sleep phase? Scientist: REM stands for Rapid Eye Movement sleep and it’s the stage in your sleep cycle when the majority of your dreams occur. It is said that once you reach this stage, you are getting good quality sleep. What we found was that REM sleep enhanced people’s chances of success. Interviewer: Ok, but when do we reach the REM sleep phrase? Scientist: It depends on the person, but it can be immediate. Interviewer: Ok, so just a short power nap during the day can be beneficial to those that have urgent work related problems or problems that need instant solutions. But, that said, there are a lot of people that find it extremely difficult to sleep during the day. Do you have any tips for our listeners? Scientist: Well, in order to help you sleep during the day, firstly, make sure the room where you want to have a nap is not too hot and not too cold. The optimum temperature is 18 degrees Centigrade. Secondly, try not to drink or consume any caffeine in the hours prior to your nap. A lot of people forget that caffeine can be found in chocolate and other products and consume some just before they try to get some rest. Not a good idea! Thirdly, close the curtains or

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Gateway B2+ Tests A and B Audioscript blinds where you are, if this is possible of course. Finally, set an alarm clock! Remember you don’t need to sleep for long. I would suggest a sleep of fifteen to thirty minutes. Interviewer: I would love to be able to sleep during the day as I’ve always got problems on my mind but because of the problems I’m too stressed to sleep. I don’t think I’m alone when I say this. Do you have any advice for people in my situation? Scientist: Relaxation is fundamental in these situations. There are various techniques you can carry out during the day at work. My favourite is the progressive muscle relaxation exercise. Basically, when we’re stressed our muscles contract and we can control them by carrying out the following exercise. Starting with the shoulders, whilst you’re sitting at your desk, lift your shoulders up as high as they will go and then slowly slowly release them. You will instantly notice an improvement. Then try the same exercise with other parts of your body. Interviewer: Excellent, thanks for the tip.

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Review Test 2 Listening Exercise 9 You are going to hear a radio interview with two historians. Choose the best answer, A, B or C to complete sentences 1-5. (Radio interview with two historians – 3 people in total) Radio interviewer: I’ve been joined in the studio today by two historians: Bill Jackson and Martin Warwick, who are going to give us a brief history of how houses in the UK have changed over the past centuries. Where shall we begin? Bill: It’s probably a good idea to start with the 17th century because it was after this time that things started to change. Martin: That is true. In 17th century Britain, houses were built with local materials, local tradesman and local traditions. As a result, people living in one region all had the same house design. Bill: People effectively lived in houses which were characteristic of their region. Although, that said, houses of the nobility and gentry were somewhat influenced by the fashions from abroad. People returning from overseas would feed information to the nobility about potential designs and these would, in effect, be copied. Martin: The situation in the 18th century was a little different. People were gaining greater mobility and therefore house designs which were typical in one region were now seen in different regions because tradesmen had gained access to the designs. Bill: At this stage, we need to talk about the different types of houses which were inhabited during this century. During the 18th century, in the countryside, people predominantly lived in detached houses as they had the space around them. In contrast, in the towns and cities, families lived in a range of different houses, for example, some detached houses but mainly terraced houses, town houses and semi-detached houses. The towns simply didn’t have the space for everyone to live in detached houses. Radio presenter: I’ve always wondered how terraced houses were thought up. What was the thought process behind them? Martin: Terraced houses came about at the end of the 17th century and they were seen as an ideal way to solve the lack of space which existed in many large towns. Towns were getting increasingly bigger and the space for housing was quickly diminishing. Tradesmen thought of joining houses

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together and then building up. Consequently, the terraced house was born. Bill: What is interesting to see is that, in the 18th century, an apparent housing divide was beginning to form in cities which clearly separated the different classes. For example, detached houses were inhabited by the more affluent upper class whereas semi-detached houses were occupied by the middle class and terraced houses by the lower class. Radio presenter: That is interesting, so already, in the 18th century, there was an evident divide which we can see still exists today. Bill: Exactly. One more interesting point to make is that, up until approximately 1919, houses were generally only available to buy. This changed in 1919 when houses were offered to buy and to rent. Radio presenter: So renting is a fairly new phenomenon?! Martin: Yes and believe it or not, renting began because people couldn’t afford house prices! What the government found was that those that were unable to buy a property were living with family members or close friends and that they were paying for the room or space that they occupied. Wanting to improve the situation, local councils built houses which these people could live in and which they rented out to them. Radio presenter: I’m going to have to stop you there as we go for a break. We’ll be back with more information about the housing market in the UK shortly.

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Gateway B2+ Tests A and B Audioscript Review Test 3 Listening Exercise 9 You are going to hear an interview with a successful negotiator. For questions 1-5 choose the best answer A, B, C or D. (Interview with two people. Adam Lewis, expert negotiator, young, energetic and upbeat with Interviewer, female, mid 30’s, sympathetic) I: I’m here today at a sales exhibition in Birmingham and I’ve been joined by Adam Lewis, an expert in negotiation skills. We’re hoping that Adam can give our listeners some advice on how to negotiate when buying, for example, a carpet for the house, a car or a piece of expensive furniture. AL: I’ll see what I can do. I: I think we’ve all found ourselves in sticky situations where we feel forced into buying something that perhaps we don’t really want, or we pay through the nose for something that could have been bought for a lot less. So, Adam, can you give us some tips on what we should do in these situations? AL: I often have people complain to me about sales staff, saying they are too pushy or that they feel they have been tricked into buying something that perhaps they didn’t want or need. People need to remember two things. The first is that sales people are on commission. The more they sell, the bigger their pay packet. The second is that, as the customer, you need to walk into a shop knowing exactly what you want and how much you are willing to pay. I: But let’s say I want to buy a carpet, how do I know what a good and a bad price is? AL: There are numerous online websites that can be consulted to get a feel for prices. I think these are so useful. Also, if, for example, you’re buying a car, again you can use price comparison sites but you can also read customer reviews about specific car showrooms. I: Ok, so once I know how much I should spend, what’s next? AL: Go to the carpet shop you have in mind and take a look around. When you find a design that you like, ask a sales assistant to price the total cost. When they give you the price, this is where the fun begins. I: Sounds ominous! AL: Well, the figure they give you will be inflated, so you will need to negotiate it down carefully. There is no point being aggressive with salespeople, which is what many people do, because that’s how they’ve seen it done in films! No, you need to tread carefully and be clever about it. Ask for a discount but use ‘higher authority’. For example, “I’d love to buy the carpet but my husband will hit the roof if I pay that. Is there any way you can lower it for me?”

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Gateway B2+ Tests A and B Audioscript I: I see, so the higher authority in this example is the husband. What happens if you’re not married? AL: It doesn’t matter, you can still use this excuse but perhaps with another family member. It practically always works. In fact, nine times out of ten, they’ll concede and offer you a discount. But, you should never accept the first offer. I: Really? I usually do! AL: Unfortunately, you’re not alone but once they’ve lowered the original price, you should see if you can get an even better offer by saying something along the lines of “that’s an improvement but I still don’t think my partner would be too happy”. And keep smiling and being friendly. I: Clever, I like it.

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Final Review Test Listening Exercise 9 You are going to hear four speakers talking about their experiences with sales staff. Match each speaker, 1, 2, 3 or 4 with the best answer A-F from each list. There are two answers in each list you do not need. Speaker 1 (Speaker 1 – Elderly lady, clued up.) Last year I received a phone call from someone who claimed that I had won one million pounds in the lottery. For a second, a wave of excitement came over me, but I soon remembered I didn’t play the lottery nor did my partner. I mentioned this to the caller and he said that it didn’t matter and that my money was waiting for me. When I probed and asked the person on the other end of the line more questions, it turned out that all I had to do to get my money was to call a special hotline which would charge me £2 per minute plus VAT. He insisted I rang the number as soon as possible, if I didn’t, I risked my prize money being given to someone else. I had heard of things like this before and so I hung up. Did they really think I was going to fall for such a scam? Speaker 2 (Speaker 2 – Young man in his mid 30’s, savvy.) Wanting to buy a car, I carried out some research on the internet. With all the information I needed, I headed to a used car dealership. I told the salesman precisely what I was looking for and he showed me two different models. I took the model I preferred for a test drive and, happy with my choice, started the negotiation procedure. I knew the price could be brought down and I knew how much I was willing to pay. The salesman, at first, told me the price was nonnegotiable and that being the case, I thanked him and went to leave. He stopped me and said he could make me a deal. The deal he offered was less than the websites had quoted and so we shook hands and I walked away one happy customer. It later turned out that it was the salesman’s first day on the job!

Speaker 3 (Speaker 3 – Young lady in late 20’s, enthusiastic.) As my husband and I were walking on the beach, a man stopped us and asked if we were on holiday, we replied we were on our honeymoon. The man seemed friendly and we spoke for about ten minutes. Before we left, he handed me a scratch card and told me people usually pay a lot of money for them, but because we were on our honeymoon, I could have it for free. I scratched away and it turned out I had won an apartment. I jumped up and down with excitement. My husband urged me to calm down and told me it was time to go. Being stubborn, I ignored him and asked the man where I had to go to get my prize. He told me to go to the property sales office and ask for Dave. He advised us to take our passports and a sum of cash to secure the apartment. It was then that things didn’t add up and we decided to walk away. It was a lucky escape.

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Speaker 4 (Speaker 4 – Middle aged lady, annoyed.) I was desperate to replace my old sofa but I didn’t have the money. That’s when seeing the advert on TV, I decided to go to the shop. The advert promised, “Buy now, pay nothing for twelve months” which I thought offered a perfect solution to my problem. I found a sofa I liked and spoke at length to the sales rep who reiterated the promise of no payment for twelve months. I ended up buying a sofa and an armchair. But, one month later, I received a bill for £150 from the company. I rang the company and told them about the mistake. They explained to me that £150 was the amount I would be paying monthly until I had paid the entire cost of the items, and I had agreed to it when I signed the contract. I returned the goods the next day.

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B2+_Test_CD_post-recording_script.doc

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