AUTOLISP PROGRAMS & Visual Basic Programs Documentation and Summaries
Date: February 1993 Updated: October 1994 Updated: February 1995 Updated: November 17, 1998 Updated June 4, 2000 Updated June 7, 2003 Updated February 10, 2008 Updated September 22, 2008 Updated December 13, 2009 Prepared by Guy Lauzier Copyright - Guy Lauzier
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Table of Contents INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................................................................1 INDEX............................................................................................................................................................................2 HOW TO STRUCTURE DRAWINGS......................................................................................................................9 CONVENTIONS.........................................................................................................................................................13 ACAD...........................................................................................................................................................................13 AH.................................................................................................................................................................................14 ALAY............. ALAY....................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................................14 .......................14 ALPHA.........................................................................................................................................................................15 ARCLEN......................................................................................................................................................................16 BA.................................................................................................................................................................................16 BIT................................................................................................................................................................................17 BLAST..........................................................................................................................................................................19 BLSTLTR....................................................................................................................................................................20 C0..................................................................................................................................................................................25 CDIST............ CDIST...................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ............................................25 ..................................25 COLLAR............. COLLAR........................ ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... .....................................25 ...........................25 CORE...........................................................................................................................................................................31 COPY................. COPY........................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ........................................32 .............................32 COUPES............. COUPES....................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ......................................32 ............................32 CUBICO.......................................................................................................................................................................33 DELLAYER......... DELLAYER.................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ....................................34 ..........................34 DESSIN........................................................................................................................................................................35 EDTEXT......................................................................................................................................................................35 FAULT.........................................................................................................................................................................36 FRZLAY......................................................................................................................................................................39 GEOLOG.....................................................................................................................................................................39
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GRDLINE....................................................................................................................................................................39 GRIDLINE........... GRIDLINE...................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ....................................40 ..........................40 GROUPTOBLOCK....................................................................................................................................................41 INPDBF........................................................................................................................................................................42 LAY..............................................................................................................................................................................46 LAYLIST.....................................................................................................................................................................46 LIMON.........................................................................................................................................................................47 PIPE.................. PIPE............................ .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... .........................................47 ...............................47 OVRBURDEN.............................................................................................................................................................48 PLMAKE.....................................................................................................................................................................49 TOOLS.........................................................................................................................................................................50 PROBE.........................................................................................................................................................................51 SCAN............................................................................................................................................................................53 SECTION SECCION........... SECCION..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... .........................................53 ..............................53 SEEK............................................................................................................................................................................57 SURVEY......................................................................................................................................................................57 SXPLOT.......................................................................................................................................................................62 THOLE.................. THOLE............................ .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ....................................64 ..........................64 TXTATTR...................................................................................................................................................................65 VSE...............................................................................................................................................................................67 VSEF.............. VSEF......................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ...........................................67 .................................67 ZAP...............................................................................................................................................................................67 ENTITY CODES............ CODES....................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ..................... .................... ..................... ..................... ..................... ......................................1 ...........................1
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Introduction The goal of this book is to assemble as many mining related AUTOLISP tools as possible in one book in order that the user May improve his skills more rapidly and be aware of the added features that have been developed. The volume is divided into three main sections: sections: 1) Explicative index summarising the purpose of the function. 2) Detailed summary of the use of the program, the assumptions used and constraints. constraints. 3) Suppl Suppleme ementa ntary ry inform informati ation on on AUTOCA AUTOCAD D data data struct structur ures es for the more advanced programmer.
INDEX APPROACH 1) 2)
How to structure drawings Conventions
PROGRAMS 1 2 3 3DPLINE
-
3DSECT
-
ACAD AH
-
Program to to co convert 2D 2D-line or or pl pline in information to to 3D 3D polylines. Program to make 3D sections from 2D plans.
4 5 6 7 8 9 0 A
ALAY ALPHA ARCLEN ATTREDEF EDEF -
The automatic lisp start-up program Program to the last entity to a desired layer and make the selected layer active. Program to change entities from their present layer to the active layer Text array generating program Redefine a block and its attribu ibutes.
B 2
BA
-
Program to scroll up through the Layer Table
BIT
-
Program to simulate button bit impact patterns given a bit face configuration, rpm and hammer frequency.
BLAST
Program to calculate certain parameters from blast hole hole layouts. This program program was updated updated in June-July 2003 to make sections and calculate the drill holes.
BLASTER (VB)
-
Visual Basic Blast Desing Program
BLSTLTR
Program to pr p repare a bl blast letter with th t he powder, primer, caps and timing.
BoatBuil BoatBuilder der (VB) (VB) - Suite Suite of of Routine Routines s to desig design n hulls hulls C C0
Program to make the zero layer active and freeze all the other layers
CDIST
-
Function to cumulate distances.
COLLAR
Program to to de determine th the co collar lo location, di dip and and azi azimuth muth of blas blasth thol oles es.. Plan Plan and and sect sectio iona nall information is transformed into 3-D co-ordinates.
COPY
Function to copy one text file called “IN” to another text file called “OUT”
CORE
-
Program to to pl plot on on th the gr graphic sc screen th the spec spectr trum um of dips dips and and azim azimut uth h give given n by an azimuth, the dip of the hole and the core angle.
COORD
-
Group of functions to insert block from one Coordinate system to another and vice versa. Included is a co-ordinate conversion routine.
Coupes
-
Program to generate cross setions fro from 2D AutoCa Cad d drawing.
COPY
-
Program to copy a text file from one file to another.
CURVE
-
Program to design ramps. 3
CUBICO
Program to calculate the volume of a surveyed area.
D DAM(VB)
-
Program to to do water ba balance between dams
DELLAYER
Program to eliminate all entities on a specified layer.
Dessin
Program to to dr draw th the s se ections ba based on on th the information found in C:\temp\coupes.asc C:\temp\coupes.asc
DPT
Program to calculate the average between backs and floors Program to send to a file the specified entities.
DUMP E EDTXT
Text editor. (O (Obsolete – applicable to versions 12 or less)
Envi Enviro ronm nmen entt (VB) (VB) - Visu Visual al Basi Basic c prog progra ran n to gene genera rate te tail tailin ings gs pour pours s based based on the specified specified parameter parameters. s. The informatio information n is then transferred to Gemcom. F FAULT
-
section. FRZLAY -
Program to demonstrate the apparent movement of faulted blocks in plan, section and long Function to freeze the selected layer.
G GemcomCleaner (VB)
GEMELEV
GRDLINE GRIDLINE GRILLA
- Visual Basic suite of programs to clean inform informati ation on import imported ed from from Gemcom Gemcom.. Clean Cleans s double lines, changes to the appropriate layer.
Clean up program in Autocad to remove unwan nwante ted d elemen ements ts fro from the GEM GEMCO COM M sur survey vey program. Program needs updating to be current. -
Generalised frame grid line program. 3D version of the Grdline program Gridline program that works in paperspace and 4
model space. space. For version 14 and 2000 of Autocad Autocad GROU GROUPT PTOB OBLO LOCK CK - The The prog progra ram m was was deve develo lope ped d to conv conver ertt Ca Carl rlso son n group entities into block entities H HID
-
Program to hid entities by changing their
layer HOUSE
Program to to dr draw or orthogonal li lines in in without having to change the UCS. Program to scroll down through the layer table
HO I INPDBF
-
Program to to im import nu numeric va values fr from a te text fi file in in 3-D co-ordinates and place them in a drawing.
J K KLATTDF
Program to to co convert “r “root” at attributes to to te text entities
LAY
Program for selecting a specified layer by picking one of the entities on the layer.
LAYLIST
Menu fu function us used to to di display th the la layer of of a “picked” entity.
L
Limon
-
Program to calculate 3-D volumes
M MAPINDEX
Program to position frame at the location specified by a map index.
MGL
Program to insert and eliminate blocks. Prepared for for Langlois mine. Program to updtate block block attributes Program to to ta take Mi Minecad fi file in information an and convert it to Autocad Autocad drawing. Found in MGL
MINECAD
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MIMIC
Line mimicking program for cleaning up draw drawin ing g that that have have doub double le line lines s and and mixe mixed d line lines. s. Found in MGL
N N_STAB NVTR program
-
underground st stability pr program Program to to initiate th the pa parameters fo for th the PT PTR that is used for blasthole generation
OVRBURDEN
Program to take points from a section and transfer it to plan.
PCOORD
-
O
P Places the co-ordinates of a point on the screen.
PIPE
-
Program to make templates of the opening and the cut of two intersecting intersecting pipes.
Pipe (VB)
-
Pending work
Planner (VB)
Visual Basic suite of programs planning. This includes ramps designs.
PLMAKE
Program used to convert lines into 3-D polylines.
-
PROBE
PROJECT
for
mine
Program to to be be us used to lo locate al all th the en entities that that are are on the the spec specif ifie ied d laye layerr and and to plac place e thei theirr location location in a file. file. The entitie entities s are found found even if they they are trapped in a succession of blocks. Program incorporated with SLOPE.LSP and used to project traces of infrastructure on plan
PSGRID
Gride line program that can be used in paper space or model space.
PTR
Program to generate parametric blast holes based on some reference hole.
Punt PuntoT oTop opo( o(VB VB))
- Visua Visuall Basic Basic prog progra ram m to get poin pointt inform informat atio ion n from from an Excel Sheet and place the elements on the screen. 6
Q R RNG
the layer
Program to print onscreen the name of
S SCAN
-
Program to locate text and zoom into the text.
-
Group of of pr programs us used to to ma make 2D 2D se sections from 2D survey plans. Generalised text searching program.
SECTION SEEK SLOPE
Program between two points
STAINS
Program to take text file information and enter it into a drawing. drawing. This program program also has has a function function to input tab delimited text files into Autocad
Statics (VB)
Program suite to determine the moment of inertia and centroid of revolution.
STKPL
-
SURVEY
-
SXPLOT
to
interpolate
an
el e levation
Stockpile calculation program. Agglomeration of survey programs.
Program to partition a plan and a section on the same paper plot.
T TABCFG
-
Program to t o re reconfigure th t he ta tablet af after th the TABLET CFG zero menu has been selected.
TestMine.xls
- Sp Spreadsheet an and vi visual ba basic su subroutines th that will simulate any configuration mine.
TICK
Program to put tick intervals for drift or ramp design.
THOLE
-
marks
at
10m
Program to put test hole information on geology 7
plans. TOOLS
TOPO
-
-
Group of general construction programs 1) RECT - rectangle 2) TABLES - table generating routine
Survey program using DCL screens.
TOTSTA
File merging program used in conjunction with a total station.
TRANS
-
TRANSFER TXTATTR TXTSIZE
-
Program to change text attributes in a drawing. Menu program to change a specified text height to another.
U V VSE-Program to make 3dpolylines for transfer from AutoCad to Examine3d format. format. Program found in PLMAKE.LSP PLMAKE.LSP VSEF – program to transfer 3dpolylines in Autocad to *.geo format for for intr introd oduc ucti tion on into into Exam Examin ine e 3d. 3d. This This progr program am is found found in PLMAKE.LSP W WEDG
Program to to pl plot a he hemisphere fo for th the ev evaluation of of block wedge analysis.
X XTRACT function to extract text from a drawing bound by a pline and place it in a file Y Z ZAP
Generalised deletion program by colour, layer and entity type. 8
HOW TO STRUCTURE DRAWINGS One of the greatest advantages to using CAD type programs is it's ability to reproduce at various various scales the drawings that are created created by a user. One of CAD's greatest weaknesses is that it in no way restricts the user in the way he/she organises organises the data. All too commonly, commonly, one user will develop develop a variety of layers layers that bear no meaning meaning to the type type of entity that is found found on it. The user must develop a strategy so that other users, either at site or elsewhere, can quickly decipher what the layer means. The following is a general outline that can be used in most mines that uses CAD type systems: 1) Keep the drawings drawings small small and compartmentalised. compartmentalised. If the department is divided into four different major components then there should be four four types types of drawi drawings ngs.. Each Each departme department nt must maintai maintain n their their own drawings and there there be only one one source source for for the drawings. An example example would be: Geology - directory GEOLOGY The drawing are name after the level. level. An example example is ORE235. The drawings in geology would have the pierce points on a layer named DDH and the ore outline on another layer with with the ore called called ORE. As a convent convention ion DDH would would be white white and the the ORE would would be red. red. If there there are other other major major subdi subdivis visio ions ns such such as differ different ent rock rock types then they should be under different layers. Give the layer a colour and and not the entity. This is a quick way to determine if an entity is on the wrong layer. An entity can be be a line, circle, text, etc. Survey - directory SURVEY The drawings for surveying should be named after the elevation. Keep the the elevations on a 5m 5m increment increment so that it reduces the number of drawings and it is easy for for anyo anyon ne to locate ate the the drawi rawing ng.. Whatev atever er surveying was done on the elevation within the mine is found in the the drawing. The user should should not separate separate the drawings into sheets, as this increases substantially the number of drawings, the duplication of entities entities that must must be updated. updated. Any updates updates that that must be done should be done by the person 9
responsible responsible and on only one drawing. The survey drawings would have the following layers: Note: Note: 235 is used used solely solely as an example example elevatio elevation. n. If the elevation was 1050 then the layer would be 1050. 235 - The surveyed outlines would be found on this layer. layer. The text text name of the heading headings s should should also be incl includ uded ed unle unless ss the the user user freq freque uent ntly ly has has to plot plot drawings without the text. 235ELEV - The survey elevations should be on this layer. The common common text size size for elevations elevations plotted plotted at a 250 scale scale is is 0.4. To furthe furtherr clarify clarify the floor floor and and back back elev elevat atio ions ns,, it is good good prac practi tice ce to plac place e the the appropriate letter letter before the the elevation. elevation. An example example is F235.6 F235.67, 7, which which would would be the floor floor elevat elevatio ion. n. The The common colour for the elevations is magenta. 235CONT - The control points and the lines are found on this layer. layer. The usual colour for this this layer is green. green. Planning - directory PLAN The The planni planning ng drawin drawing g will will usual usually ly inclu include de the the drift drift,, stope layouts. layouts. The drawing drawing names are are PP235 PP235 PP235 - All the proposed drifts, excavation are found on this layer. layer. The usual usual colour colour for planning planning is blue. blue. The planned elevation is 0.6m high on a 250 scale. The theoretical theoretical floors are specified specified as TF235.78 for clar clarit ity. y. The The desi design gn notes notes are 0.6m 0.6m and and the the drif driftt names are 1.0m high. PILLAR235 - All stoping pillars are found on this layer. The colour convention for the pillars is turquoise. HIDDEN - all hidden planning is found on this layer. As the drifting advances, some of the older planning is hidden so as to make the drawings clearer to the enduser. user. The collar collar for the hidden hidden lines lines when when thawed thawed is white Blasting - directory BLAST 10
The blasting blasting drawing drawings s usually usually include include the reference reference line line and the numbe numbers rs.. Also Also infor informa mati tion on such such as special pillars or blasting note may be found in these drawings. The The nami naming ng conv conven enti tion on for for the the blas blastt draw drawin ings gs is PRD235. The colour convention is purple. Text size size is 0.6m for a 250-scale drawing. 2) Insert only the drawings that are necessary when updating and modifying the drawing and subsequently purge the drawings that have have been been inser inserted ted as blocks. blocks. Blocks Blocks have have the the advant advantage age of being being easy to eliminat eliminate. e. Make sure sure that that an automatic automatic purge purge is done on the drawings. drawings. Autocad has has the tendency tendency of accumulating accumulating a lot of extra data that can only be eliminated by purging at the start of the drawing. 3) Do not subdivide any drawings that are associated to a specific level. All entities entities that should should appear on the the specific level should should be on that level. By keeping the drawings small and compar compartme tmenta ntalis lised, ed, the drawi drawing ngs s the user user must must work work with with are are small smaller er and quicker quicker to regene regenerat rate. e. Plott Plotting ing is always always the end resu result lt of the data data accum accumul ulat atio ion. n. Wi With th the plot plotti ting ng only only the the specific specific area area that is desired desired is outputted outputted.. Use standar standard d blocks blocks with attributes to insert the the frame. These have have the advantage advantage of being consistent for the end-user and are easy to quickly define the scale that must be be used. Use the GRDLINE GRDLINE program to make the the grid grid line lines. s. This This has the adva advant ntag age e of bein being g quic quick k and and elimin eliminate ates s the neces necessi sity ty to manual manually ly place place grid grid lines lines and coordinates on a frame. 4) Layer 0 is a layer where where no valid valid information information should should exist. exist. It shou should ld be used used as an erro errorr trap trappi ping ng mecha mechani nism sm.. This This is acco ccomplis plish hed by the the use of col colours urs on the other ther layer ayers. s. Elevations should be magenta; control points should be green. When they appear in the drawing in the wrong colour, the user may quickly determine that the specific entity is on the wrong layer. layer. The end use of the drawing drawing will generall generally y determine determine how the layers should should be set up. In geological mapping mapping the elevations elevations are not normally the entities that one wishes to appear on the plotted drawing. drawing. In Autocad, the the only to not display display entities is is to free freeze ze them them or to eras erase e them them.. It is norma normall lly y a lot lot quic quicke kerr to freeze a layer than to erase several entities. 5) Avoid placing limits limits or base point point in the drawings. All drawings drawings should be in the scale unit that is commonly used as a base (in 11
metre metres s or in feet). feet). This This insur insures es that all the drawing drawings s that that are produced are similar. Insertion points points for drawings drawings should always always be 0,0. The use of insertion insertion base points lead leads s to confusion. confusion. 6) The use of hatching requires a lot of memory and makes the drawin drawings gs slow slow to regene regenerat rate. e. The user shoul should d use use these these to a minimum. The user should avoid creating extra information. An example of this would be a surveyor trying to smooth out the surveyed outlines outlines by adding extra extra un-surveyed un-surveyed information. information. The data may look better but the information may not be more useful. 7) Although Autocad is a 3-D drawing tool, it is still quite crude for mining applications. applications. It requires a lot of energy energy by all concerned concerned to maintain 3-D drawings. 3-D views of excavations are extremely diffi difficu cult lt to pres presen entt on a scre screen en and and are are usua usuall lly y limi limite ted d to a pres presen enta tati tion on tool tool,, not not a prac practi tica call one. one. A lot lot of the the Auto Autoca cad d command commands s are still 2-D. The user should should avoid avoid using 3-D unless unless absolu absolutel tely y requir required ed and if 3-D is requir required ed it is quite quite easy easy with with some basic tools to convert the 2-D drawings to 3-D for small areas of a mine.
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CONVENTIONS Most program programs s are measuremen measurementt system system independen independent. t. give the distance measurements in drawing units.
Autolisp Autolisp programs programs
The blasthole programs convert metric unit drawings to feet, as it is still more convenient for the drillers to know how far they have drilled in feet. Angular units are in degrees, minutes, seconds (sexagesimal). (sexagesimal). Strikes and dips dips are determined determined using the right right hand rule. The index finger is is parallel to the strike of the plane and the thumb must be directed below the horizonta horizontall plane. The strike strike of a plane plane is a horizont horizontal al line on a plane where any movement along along the line does not not result in a differen difference ce of elevation. The dip is perpendicular perpendicular to the strike. The strike and the dips dips are in degrees. Some programs that write to files normally require that the directory c:\temp be created. In order to keep the programs programs simple and avoid avoid numerous windows, the file names are always the same. Caution must be used when using snaps for certain programs as AutoCad does not always react react correctly with the programs. programs. In certain cases cases the program deactivates deactivates the snaps. The programs do not not generally reset the values.
ACAD Purpose: This is the automatic and default lisp program that is loaded into Autocad when it is placed placed in the ACAD ACAD or ACADWIN directory. It can be used to insert insert routines that are used most most often. It is also used to establish establish default settings settings in the program. program. Refer to the listing listing of the program program to understa understand nd the use of dormant dormant functions. functions. The use of dormant dormant function functions s helps minimise minimise the use of memory as only called functions are loaded.
How to use: Automatically loaded into Autocad when the lisp program is placed in the right 13
directory.
AH Purpose: The program is used to correct the layer of the last entered entity that the user user has not put on the right right layer. layer. The The corre correct ct layer is select selected ed and the selected layer is activated. How to use: Type AH Questions: 1) Sele Select ct the the lay layer er : Once an entity on the desired layer has been chosen, the last entity’s layer is changed to the selected selected layer and the selected selected layer is activated. activated. If no layer has been selected a message - No entity selected – is displayed and nothing is done.
ALAY Purpose: The program is used to change change entities from from one layer to the active layer. It is used used main mainly ly for for fixi fixing ng up a draw drawin ing g wher where e seve severa rall enti entiti ties es have have been been misplaced How to use: Type ALAY Questions: 2) Select Select the the entit entities ies you you wish wish to cha change nge : 14
Once the selection of the entities has been done the Enter is used to terminate the command. command. The entities will be be converted to the active layer. layer.
ALPHA Purpose: The program is used to generate a text array that is composed of a static prefix (alphanumeric) and a numeric incremental suffix. It is mainly used to identify blast rings on plans. How to use: Type ALPHA Questions: 1) What is the starting alphabetic prefix: This can be a string of any length length without without spaces. spaces. If Enter is pressed pressed without without a string, string, then no prefix will be added. 2) What is the numeric suffix: This is the starting number of the ring. It can be any any integer value. 3) What What is the the incre incremen mentt for the suffix: suffix: This This is the incre incremen mentt integer integer value. If no value is entered, entered, then the default default incremen incrementt value is 0. 4) Pick the starting point: This is the starting point on the drawing from which the text text will be placed. placed. The text is centred centred about the point. 5) Pick the ending point: This is the ending point limit where text will appear. 6) What is the text size: This is the text size for the characters that will be generate generated. d. The optimum optimum size for for 250 scale scale drawings drawings is 0.6. 7) What is the interval interval distan distance ce between between the entitie entities? s? This This is normal normally ly the spacin spacing g between between the rings. rings. The The value value is a real 15
number. Once all the parameters have been answered, the text array is generated on the drawing. The text is centred about about the starting point and its increments. increments.
ARCLEN Purpose: The program is measures measures the arc length of circle circle or arc. This is mainly used used in construction construction or in ramp design where one does not want to manually calculate the angles and the radius. How to use: Type ARCLEN Questions: 1) Star Starti ting ng poin pointt : This This is the the sta start rtin ing g poi point nt of the the arc arc that that must be measured. 3) Entity: Entity: This This is is the arc that is to be measure measure.. Any point point on the arc is valid. 4) What What is the the ending ending point point of the arc: arc: This This is is the endin ending g point on the arc to be measured. The resultant from the function is the measurement of the arc length.
BA Purpose: Program to scroll up through the the Layer table in order to freeze the active layer and to scroll up through the Layer Table and active the layer How to Use: 16
Type BA This program is include within the Blast program
BIT Purpose: This program is used to analyse the impact location of the button bits on a rock rock face face based based on the bit bit face face confi configur gurati ation on,, the bit rotati rotation on speed speed and hammer frequency. frequency. The bit face configuration configuration is the spatial spatial distribution distribution of the carbide button on a percussion percussion bit face. This program plots plots the impact points in order to analyse visually whether the combination of buttons, rotation and frequency adversely affects the wear of the carbide buttons. The program program displays displays the impact impact points points as seen from the drill. drill. That is the rotation rotation is counter-clo counter-clockwi ckwise. se. The rock would would see the impact in a clockwi clockwise se direction. How to use: Type
BIT Questions: Update Continue The The upda update te opti option on is used used when when a new new bit bit face face confi configur gurati ation on is entered entered for trial. trial. This This is also used used after the program is loaded and the initial bit must be entered. The The cont contin inue ue opti option on is used sed when when a bit bit face face has previously been entered and the user simply wishes to dete determ rmin ine e the the effe effect cts s of rota rotati tion on or hamm hammer er frequency. Update How many buttons are on the face: This is the number of buttons on the face of the bit. 17
Locate the centre: This is is the centre centre of the bit bit face. The program program works best if the dimensions of the bits are in mm. Actual size size drawings drawings are the best. Pick the buttons centres: This is is the impac impactt centre centre of the the buttons. buttons. The program will iterate through this question until all the buttons have been selected What is the hammer frequency (Hz)? This is the the hammer percussion percussion frequency. frequency. It is expresses expresses in cycl cycles/ es/se secon conds ds or blows/ blows/sec secon ond. d. Each Each hamme hammerr has has its specific operating range. What is the bit rpm? This is the rotation speed in rounds per minute of the bit. Bewa Beware re that that when when refe referr rrin ing g thes these e resu result lt to real real worl world d results, that rpm and feed pressure are related. Where do you want to start the revolutions (point)? This is the point, which is selected by the picking device or the co-ordin co-ordinate ates, s, where where the centr centre e of the displ display ay of the impa mpact points ints is located ated.. The user ser shou hould pla place it sufficiently far away from the original bit face so that there is no overlay in the plotting of the impact points on the original design. How many seconds do you wish to revolve the bit? Thi This s is the the numb number er of seco second nds s that that the the bit bit face face will will be rotated in simulated simulated time. Typically 0.5 seconds seconds is sufficient to displ isplay ay the the impa impact ct patt patter ern n with withou outt clut clutte teri ring ng the the meaningful information. The plotting will place a small circle at the location where ever every y butt button on would ould stri strike ke the the rock rock.. The The prog progra ram m is extremely simple but shows visually the timing problems of the drilling system. 18
BLAST Purpose: This program is a tool tool for the blasthole planner. The planner prepares prepares the blast layouts and uses the program to find the length of the holes, the offset and the dip. Once the holes have been entered, it is possible to find the surface area of the blast pattern and and the total drilled drilled length. This program program serves to reduce reduce the amount of mechanical work the planner has to do. It is important when the drawings are produced, that the horizontal reference line line be as long long as poss possib ible le in orde orderr that that the the prec precis isio ion n of the the "off "offse set" t" be accurate. It is necessa necessary ry to TABLE TABLET T befor before e using using this functi function on in order order to have have the proper scale. How to use: Type
BLAST
Questions The program will start by asking the extremities of the frame and the centre of the pivot within within that frame. Before using this this function make make sure that that the digitizer is calibrated. Once the initialisation has been done it does not have to be redone except if you wish wish to recalibrate recalibrate.. Typing Typing (SETQ CALIBRE CALIBRE NIL) NIL) on the command command line does this. NEW:
Serves to initialise a new sheet. The pivot point of the sheet and a point on the reference line to the right of the pivot point are required. It is important that the sheets not move, as inaccuracies will develop.
LINE LINES: S:
This This serv serves es to iden identi tify fy the the hole holes. s. The The info inform rmat atio ion n req requi uire red d is is the the start of the hole and the the end of the hole. hole. It is preferable to al always ways be sequential sequential and follow follow the nomenclature nomenclature of the the original plan. plan. If 19
"Enter" is the first command entered after this option, then the comman command d will will be termin terminated ated.. It is possi possible ble to return return into this command and enter other holes as long as the sheet has not been moved. moved. If the sheet has been been moved, moved, then "NEW" "NEW" must be used used again and this will eliminate all the visible work on the screen. SURFAC SURFACE: E:
This This comman command d serves serves to calc calcul ulate ate the the area cover covered ed by the holes and the total length of the drill holes. There are two types of surfaces that the program can handle. Thes These e are "open "open surfac surfaces" es" or "clo "closed sed surfac surfaces" es".. An open open surface is one that does not completely enclose around the drill drift. drift. A clos closed ed surface surface compl complete etely ly incorpo incorporat rates es the drill drill drift drift within its area. After After the calcu calculat lation ions s are done, done, a PLINE PLINE will will indica indicate te the area area calculat calculated. ed. The program program at this point point of developmen developmentt does not allow for any corrections. corrections. All corrections corrections must be done done manually.
END:
This option is used to terminate the program.
This program comprises of a suite of blast related subroutines that may be used as tools tools to make blast layouts. layouts. Included in this this package are: Trou : select the entity and print the text on the screen. Coupes : program to make sections from lines and text Dessin : program to draw the information generated from Coupes Surface : program to calculate total length and surface area from the holes selected in trou. Nvtr : program to select the starter hole for designing blast patterns. Ptr Ptr : prog progra ram m to gene genera rate te the the hole holes s with with the the appr approp opri riate ate sele select cted ed burden.
BLSTLTR Purpose: Thi This s prog progra ram m is used used to gener generat ate e a blas blasti ting ng lett letter er for for long long holes holes.. Hole Hole information is entered from the blasthole section and the program cumulates the data and prepares a report. How to use: 20
Type
BLSTLTR
Questions Options: Newblast Newblast RIng Delete Print Save Recover End Newb Newblas lastt
This This option option will will destro destroy y the the presen presentt hole hole data. data. It is used to clear the memory of the present blast and start start a new new one. Save should should be be used used to save the previous blast letter. What What is the the nam name e of the the bla blast st:: This This is the the name of the the new blast blast letter. letter. An example example of a blast name name is 4950-150.2. 4950-150.2. This would indicate the stope and the blast number as the extension.
RIng
what is th t he ri r ing nu n umber: This is th t he string represent representation ation of of the ring ring number. number. It may be be alphanum alphanumeric. eric. Once Once a ring has has been entere entered d the program will create a layer representing the ring ring and will will display display only only that layer layer.. To view view section overlaid the LAYER command of Autocad Autocad may may be used. used. Once the ring ring number number has been entere entered d the follow following ing menu menu will will be displayed: Ring Ring Opti Option on:: Hole Hole Dele Delete te Expl Explos osiv ive e Fini Finish sh Re Rege gen n Surf_delay Hole
This option is used to enter the hole informati information. on. The followi following ng question questions s are asked in a circular fashion to get all the holes of the ring: What What is the the hole hole numb number er:: This This is the the number of the hole on the section. Point to the starting point of the hole: This is the point where the hole and the excavation meet. Point to the ending point of the hole: This is the the poin pointt wher where e the the hole hole term termin inat ates es away from the excavation. 21
Point to bottom of the deck: This is the deck that is the furthest away from the collar of the hole. Point to the top of the deck: This is the the poin pointt of the the deck deck that that is the the closest to the collar. Material: Explosive Dtem: Two type of mat materi erials als may be foun found d in a deck: deck: an Explos Explosive ive as speci specifie fied d in the Explos Explosive ive optio option n or stemmi stemming ng mate materi rial al.. The The stem stemmi ming ng opt optio ion n generally applies to downholes What is the cap number: This is the cap number that is used if the materi material al speci specifie fied d in the the previo previous us quest question ion is is Explos Explosive ive.. The The cap is is considered to be a down the hole dela delay. y. All All caps caps are cons consid ider ered ed multiple of 25ms with 1 being 25ms, 2 - 50ms, etc. Th The infor formation of the hole is displ displaye ayed d and a reque request st to verif verify y that that the the inform format atiion is vali alid is shown. shown. Press Press Y or Enter Enter to accept accept and save the information, otherwise the information is not stored to the hole database. database. A message message is is issued issued to the user if the information has not been saved. Delete
This op option is is us used to to de delete a specific specific hole from from the datab database. ase. If an error has been made when entering a hole, the hole must be delete deleted d and and then then re-en re-enter tered ed in its entirety. What is the hole number: This is the numb number er of the the hole hole that that must must be deleted. 22
Explosive
this op o ption is used to t o define the type of explosive that is to be used in the blast. Whenever a change change is made in the type of explosive used in the the hole holes, s, this this opti option on must must be used to get the proper type of explosive and hole size. Explosive type: Anfo Superfrac Magnafrac Powerfrac: These are simply some basic explos explosive ives s used. used. The The user may may go into the program and change the type, loading density and hole size depending on types used at the specific mine. Hole Hole size size:: 2.5 2.5 3.5 3.5 4.5: 4.5: This This is the hole hole diameter in in inches. inches. The user user may modify it to be metric if necessary. necessary.
FinishThis FinishThis option option is us to termin terminate ate the ring menu menu options. Regen
This op option is is us used to to co correct th the da data on on a section by erasing all the entities and regen egener erat atin ing g only the vali valid d ent entiti ities direc directly tly from from the hole hole databas database. e. When When delete delete is used used this this functi function on is execu executed ted automatically.
Surf Surf_d _del elay ay This This optio option n is used used to defi define ne the surf surfac ace e delay applicable to the hole or hole subsequ subsequentl ently y entered. entered. The delay delay must be be in mil millis lisecond conds. s. The surfa surface ce delay delay is used used to calcu calculat late e the kgs/delay and is used in conjunction with the down the hole delays. Print int This optio tion is used to print int out the the repo eport to the printer. Do you wish to double prime the blast? (Yes No): For some blasts all the accessories have to be double double as a backup backup.. The double double prime prime will double double the quant quantity ity of surfa surface ce and down the 23
hole delays by two. What is the surface delay: The program cannot stor store e all all the the surf surfac ace e dela delays ys that that have have been been speci specifie fied d in the hole entry entry.. Normal Normally ly it is an easy ea sy task task for for the the user ser to ente enterr the the surf surfac ace e delays at this stage. Unit Units s used used:: This This is the the quan quanti tity ty of surf surfac ace e delays used. used. If the double prime prime option is used, the quantity specified under this option will be doubled in the report. report. To terminate terminate the entry of of the surface delays, simply press Enter until a list of the surface delays is displayed on the screen. Are the surface delays valid? (Yes No): If the surface delays specified are valid simply press Y, otherwise the surface delays will be rejected and the re-entry process will begin again. Once the surface delays have been validated, the the prin printi ting ng of the the repo report rt will will begi begin n on the the printer. Save
this op option is is us used to to sa save th the ho hole da database to to a file with with the name name of the blast blast.. The The file will will have the name of the blast specified at the start of the program program.. Caution Caution must must be exercise exercised d in the choice of the file name so as not to overwrite previous previous files. files. The program program does does not verify if the file exists.
Recover
this opt option is use used to rec recover from a fil file the the blas blasth thol ole e data databa base se.. The The entiti entities es are then then crea create ted d. Do not use a drawin awing g that that has has previous entities, as there may be a data loss.
End
This op option is is us used to to te terminate th the pr program. The program may be restarted at any time as the the var variab iables of the program gram are are ke kep pt in memory.
24
C0 Purpose: To freeze all layers except layer 0 How to use: Type C0 (C – Zero). Zero). This will automatically automatically hide all the the layers except Layer Layer zero. Layer 0 will become become the active layer. This program program is included in Blast.lsp.
CDIST Purpose: This function is identical to DIST in Autocad but cumulates the distance at each point selected or entity. How to use: Type Questions
CDIST 1) 2) 3)
Start Point: Next Point: Output = cumulative cumulative distance Return to step 2
To terminate the function type CTRL-C or escape in the WINDOWS platform.
COLLAR Purpose: The program uses plan and section information from a blasthole grid system to dete determ rmin ine e the the co-o co-ord rdin inat ates es of blas blasth thol ole e coll collar ars. s. The The plan plan view view in 25
conjunction with the sections determines the 3-D co-ordinates of the collar. The start and end of the holes coupled with the dump of the holes determines the azimuth and and dip of the holes. The information der derived ived from the plans and sections is stored in a file for use by another program or for printing. How to use: Type Collar The plan that is used to determine the reference line must have been been tabl tablet eted ed so as to get get the the prop proper er scal scale e and and co-o co-ord rdin inat ate e location location.. The scale scale of the plan and the sections sections need need not be the same same but but the the TABL TABLET ET comm comman and d of Auto Autoca cad d must must be used used to readjust the scales. The The progr program am is subd subdivi ivided ded into into two major major compo componen nents: ts: 1) the the Reference line and 2) the Section. The initial menu will appear as follows: Refline Sectline End Refline Refline is used to define the reference line for the blasthole grid system. system. The grid grid system can can have any orientat orientation ion in plan view. view. The reference line can be a New one or a Recalled reference line that has previously previously been stored. stored. Every time a new reference line is create created, d, it is stored stored in a file file CO COLLA LLAR.L R.LST ST.. Re Recal calll is used used to recover the reference line information. When a New reference reference line is chosen chosen the points that define the grid system is requested. Questions: Locate section point 1: This is a point that intersects the reference line line and the section section line. The reference line must be found on every section. section. This may be a common common easting or northing. Locate section point 2: This is a point along the section line. The section line does not have to be perpendicular to the reference line. What is the line line number: This is the number of the line. line. This must be a numeric integer. 26
Locate another section on the reference line: This is a point on the reference line that intersects another section line. The direction of increase or decrease of the line number is not important and is handled by the program. What is the line number: This is the section line number. Please enter stope name: This is the name of the stope. The name must must be a maximum maximum of 8 characters characters.. The stope stope name is also also used as the filename. The file name will will have the extension. DAT.All co-ordinates calculated for the stope will be appended appended to the file. The user has has the responsibility responsibility to erase the file once once the data is no no longer useful. useful. The file is a text file that is easy to edit using any standard text editor. Please enter ref. line: This is the name of the reference line. A stope stope may have have sever several al differen differentt refere reference nce lines. lines. The The reference reference line line name is usually usually alphabe alphabetic tic and short. short. The addition of numbers leads to confusion, as the line numbers are numeric. numeric. An example example of a line line number / reference line line combi combinat nation ion is G7. Note Note that the referen reference ce line name name is case sensitive. When Recall is used to recover a reference line form the file COLLAR.LST COLLAR.LST the following information is requested: Questions: Please enter the stope name: This is an eight-character file nam name with with no exten extensi sion on.. The The prog progra ram m hand handle les s the the extension extension to the stope stope name. name. COLLAR.L COLLAR.LST ST is the file file that conta contains ins all the refere reference nce line line informat information ion.. If the stope stope name is invalid an error message will be returned to the user. Plea eas se enter ter ref. ef. line ine name ame: This his is the the name ame of the reference reference line line for the stope. stope. Note that that the referenc reference e line name is case sensitive. Sectline This second section of the program uses the blasthole sections to determine the co-ordinates of the collar. 27
Once Sectline has been selected the following menu is displayed: Calib Holes View End Calib This option is used to calibrate the section. Questions: What is the line number: This is the numerical line number. The number need not be within the limits of those specified in Refline. Point to the reference line: This is the point of intersection between the reference line common on all sections and the reference elevation specified in View. Point to another point on the reference line: This is a point on the reference reference elevati elevation on line. The point point is necessary necessary to corr correc ectt for for the the diff differ eren ence ce in orie orient ntat atio ion n of the the sect sectio ion n relative to the true grid. Holes Thi This s sect sectio ion n is used used for for the the dete determ rmin inat atio ion n of the the coll collar ar location locations. s. To terminate terminate this sectio section n of the program program press Enter on the first question shown below. Questions: Point to the collar of the hole: This is the point at which the drift and the hole meet. Point to the end of the hole for dip: This is the end point of the the hole. hole. It is used used to dete determ rmin ine e the the dip of the hole hole in section. Dump Dump (+ into into view)( view)(-- toward towards s viewer viewer): ): The angle of the section from the horizontal is considered the dump angle. A 90-degree dump is perpendicular to the plan view and a 0degree degree dump is a plan plan view. view. A dump that that is into into the view (i.e (i.e.. away away from from the the obse observ rver er)) is cons consid ider ered ed posi positi tive ve,, whereas, a negative dump occurs when the dump is toward the viewer. This applies applies for both upholes upholes and downholes. downholes. The hole collar location is then displayed as well as the dip and azimuth azimuth relative relative to the true true mine grid. grid. The informa information tion is also also stored in a file for used by another program program or for printing. printing. There 28
is no error error correction correction routine routine in this progra program. m. All correct correction ion or deleti deletion on of infor informat mation ion can can be easil easily y handle handled d throu through gh a text text editor. View This section is used to accommodate for different observer views. The following questions will determine how the co-ordinates will be calculated: Questions: Looking: North South East West The user must specify the view of the blasthole sections. What is the elevation of the pivot: The elevation reference line that that is commo common n on all sect sectio ions ns.. It is used used to get the prop proper er elev elevat atio ion n of the colla collar. r. By defau default lt the view view is EAST EAST and and the the elevation is 0.0. Category: This is the the type type of hole. hole. Typically Typically blasthol blastholes es are BH. Only Only two chara characte cters rs are permitt permitted ed for the catego category. ry. The The progra program m will will accep acceptt more more but the additi additiona onall charac character ters s are are not not stored stored.. All lowercase characters are converted to uppercase. uppercase. Region: This is the region. It is used to further detail the the hole location location and is used by the "LYNX" system. When entering into Sectline for the first time in a session, the "View" option should be be selected before the Holes Holes option. If this is not done the elevation, co-ordinates and orientations may not be correct. End This option is used to terminate normally from the Sectline option. Notes: All lowercase alphabetic characters characters are converted to uppercase when they are stored in the file for data transfer to the FoxPro program. 29
The program upon writing to the file that is specified by the stope name automatically generates a borehole number that must be unique for the LYNX syste system. m. It is there therefor fore e import important ant that the user follows follows the guide guidelin lines es in enteri entering ng the infor informat mation ion and that that the the initi initial al blast blasthol hole e desig design n take take these these constraints constraints into account. Otherwise, duplicate duplicate blasthole blasthole names will be created and the validity of the database will be questionable. Limitations and Standards 1) All All auto automa mati tica call lly y characters.
gene genera rate ted d
bore boreho hole le name names s
are are
8
alph alphan anum umer eric ic
2) The first two characters characters are numbers numbers representi representing ng the level. The second second and the third third digits of the level level are used. Examples are: 5060 ===> 06 5015 ===> 01 4960 ===> 96 4950 ===> 95 4940 ===> 94 4900 ===> 90 4885 ===> 88 4870 ===> 87 It is important that the naming of the stope be proper as the second and third digit of the stope name are used to generate the first two number of the borehole name. name. Examples are are : 5060-170, 5060-170, 506170P4, etc. etc. 3) The third character should be a letter and represents the reference line name. name. The reference reference line line name is one character character and can be any alphabetic alphabetic characte characterr A.Z. A.Z. Lowerca Lowercase se is automatic automatically ally converted converted to upper uppercase case.. If no reference line is entered, then the default letter is R. 4) The next two digits digits are the reference reference line numbers numbers.. These These are an integer ranging from 00 to 99. No alphabetic characters characters are permitted. 5) The next character character is the hole hole number prefix. The prefix is alphabetic alphabetic and can be be from A.Z. A.Z. All lowercase lowercase characters are converted converted to uppercase. uppercase. If no prefix is included, then the default letter is H. 6) The next two character characters s are alphanumeri alphanumeric. c. Hole numbers numbers do not have to be numeric. All lowercase lowercase alphabetic characters are converted converted to uppercase. uppercase. Holes names such as A2 is converted to A02, 2 is converted to H02. Below is a quick break down of the naming scheme: 30
LEVEL (0.99)
RING NUMERIC RING HOLE ALPHANERIC PREFIX NUMBER(0.. 99) PREFIX HOLE (A..Z) (A..Z) NUMBER DEFAULT: R H 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
CORE Purpose: The The progr program am may be used used to evalua evaluate te the relati relations onship hip betwe between en holes holes of various dips and azimuths to determine if they have the same loci of strikes and dips. dips. As the technique technique to determine determine the strikes strikes and dips is an iterative iterative one, small circles are used to represent the strike/dips that the program has determined. How to use: Type
CORE
Questions: 1) What is the the hole azimuth azimuth (degrees from from North, clockwise). clockwise). The angle is in decimal degrees. 2) What is the hole dip (+ is considered looking down and - is looking up). 3) What is the core angle angle (decimal degrees). degrees). The core angle angle is the smallest angle found at the intersection of the fracture plane (or other feature) and the axis of the core. 4) What What is the hole hole numbe number. r. An option optional al hole number number may be entered to further describe describe the hole. hole. The hole number number is used used to create a layer for each each hole. By changing changing the colours colours and using a plin pline e to con connect the the circl ircles es the the ind individ ividu ual hol holes may be emphasised. The program is easy to use but some experience is required to interpret the 31
information generated. generated. The relationship relationship between holes is not always always evident especi especiall ally y when when there there is a varian variance ce in the azimut azimuth h and dip. dip. The The progra program m provides a rapid visual method of analysing drill holes that do not have to be drilled on the same azimuth.
COPY Purpose: This program is used to copy one file onto another or appended to another file. How to use: Ty Type
(COPY “/a “/acad/lsp/scrap.tx .txt” “/acad/lsp/scrap1.txt”)
Questions 1)
No questions to to this fun function.
The / must be used and and not the \ in the description description of the file. Autocad uses uses \ for special characters.
COUPES Purpose: To generate cross section from an AutoCad drawing How to Use: Type Coupes The program Blast.lsp must have been loaded in order to have this program available Questions: 32
1) Select Select next next point. point. The user must must select select a polygon polygon of entitie entities s to define the selected entities. 2) Select Select starting starting point. point. The entity entity selectio selection n is activated. activated. The user must select the first point in order to define the view direction. 3) Select Select ending ending pint. pint. The user user must must selec selectt the the ending ending point point in in order order to define the vector view direction. The user must define the reference and section lines on the layer LIGNES. Each of the lines must have unique unique name. The text closest to to the end of a line is used used as a section section line name. The survey lines must be on an elevation name (eg 349) and the text of the Backs and Floors must be on the layer with the appendix EL (eg. 349EL). All the information I saccumulated saccumulated in the directory C:\temp\coupes.asc. To draw the sections from the files coupes use the program Dessin
CUBICO Purpose: This program is used used to calculate calculate areas and tonnages. tonnages. The program asks asks the user to define an polygon that is then used to source out the text with the appropriate prefix “T” for back and “P” for the floor. A DCL is used for the data entry How to use: Type
CUBICO
Questions 1) The The user user must must defi define ne the area area to calc calcul ulat ate e usin using g the the Sele Select ct Pline button. 2) The The program program then then seeks seeks withi within n the area area the text text for the back back and the floor (e.g. T234.5 P230.4) and does the averages, the maximum and the minimum values. 3) The The area is calcul calculate ated d from the polyg polygon on defined defined by the lines lines.. The volume is a resultant of the area by the average height and the tonnage, volume by tonnage factor. 33
4) The The reca recalc lcul ulat ate e butt button on is used used when when the the tonn tonnag age e fact factor or is changed or the average height is entered manually. The results are displayed within the DCL and the recalculate button is when chan change ges s are are made made manua manuall lly. y. The The only only edit edit boxe boxes s that that have have effect effect by changing manually manually are the average height and the tonnage factor.
DELLAYER Purpose: This program eliminates all entities on a specified layer. How to use: Type Questions
DELLAYER or use menu 1)
Choose:
Entity Layer-name:
If
ntity 2)
Choose Entity: Response: Layer : {layer name}
3)
Confirm la layer to to de delete: (Y (Yes No No) If es is chosen then all the entities On that layer will be deleted from the Drawing.
If o is chosen then the function is halted and none of the entities are eliminated. If ayer-name 2)
Layer to to de delete: {t {type la layer na name}
Thi This s prog progra ram m will will not not elim elimin inat ate e enti entiti ties es that that have have the the 34
speci specifie fied d layer layer name name but are "trapp "trapped" ed" within within a succ succes essi sion on of blocks blocks.. To eliminate the layers (i.e. for simple entities only) from the drawing save the drawing and then use the PURGE command upon re-entry into the drawing.
DESSIN Purpose: Program to draw sections from the file C:\temp\coupes.asc. How to use: Type Dessin No other commands commands are necessary. necessary. The program verifies in in the c:\temp\coupes.asc c:\temp\coupes.asc file to get the information. information. The information is tab delimited and the format is as follows: [Section name] [X0] [Roof elev] [Floor elev] [X1] [Roof elev 2] [Floor elev 2] The program forms rectangles to represent the excavation
EDTEXT Purpose: This This progra program m serve serves s as a dynami dynamic c text text edito editorr and bypasse bypasses s CHANGE CHANGE or DDEDIT. It is quick quick but still has has a few flaws. It will work work with left-justified text. This version version was develo developed ped for version version 12 and less. Conflict Conflicts s with higher higher versions. How to use: Type
EDTEXT or insert into the menu
Questions
1)
pick the text: After having selected the text, the position 35
of the cursor will be seen on the command line. The main reason for this this is that most of the AUTOCAD fonts are proportional and it is quite laborious to exactly position the cursor. The following keystrokes are valid: I) All ASCII characters are permitted ii) ii) AltAlt-II may may be use used d to to to toggle gle bet betw ween the NORMAL mode and the INSERT mode. The normal mode is identified by the underscore "_" nested in the text and the insert mode by the pound "#". iii) iii) The The mous mouse e may may be use used d to disp displa lace ce the the cursor rapidly. iv) iv) The The cur curso sorr k key eys s may may be used used to disp displa lace ce the cursor. Use PgUp or PgDn to accelerate the movement of the cursor. v) Bac Backspac pace key key may may be be use used d to to el elimina minate te characters to the left of the cursor. vi) vi) Del is us used to to del delet ete e on on cha chara ract cter er to the right of the cursor. vii) vii) Ente Enterr is is use used d to to ter termi mina nate te the the func functi tion on..
FAULT Purpose: The purpose of this program is to visually see the apparent movements of fault blocks in plan, section and longitudinal. The program assumes that there is a marker bed within the original block and that it is being displaced. displaced. This program program is a tool to evaluate what one one should expect to find at another elevation, section or longitude given that one view has been defined. defined. The defined fault plane is the the assumed slip slip plane. The critical parameters are: Vein :
i) ii) iii)
width Azimuth Dip 36
Fault: i) i)
azimuth ii) Dip
Movement: Two movements movements are possible: possible: a) along the strike of the fault and along the dip of the fault. Perspective:
Three pa parameters ex exist: a) b) c)
Section Longitude Elevation
These three parameters serve to determine the point of origin origin of the intersection. In this manner actual mine co-ordinates may be used so it is easier to locate within the mine workings. View: The three parameters parameters Z-elevation, Z-elevation, Y-north Y-north and Xeast serve to determine the views at other points than those specified in the "Perspective" "Perspective" entry. With the views at different points it is easier to determine visually whether the structural structural hypothesis is valid. valid. Correlation with with actual actual mapping may be done easily. How to use: Note: It is important to initialise all the above parameters using "view" otherwise the program will not work. Type
before
FAULT
Questions 1)
INit INitiial FAu FAult MOv MOvem emen entt PEr PErsp spe ecti ctive VIe VIew w ENd ENd INitial
VEin
: The co command to to in initialise th the dimension of the block that one wishes to eval evalua uate te.. Thes These e incl includ ude e widt width h of plan plan,, depth of section, and height of longitudinal. :
The co command re requests th the az azimuth of of th the vein, vein, the dip dip and and the true true thick thickne ness. ss. The true thickness is calculated 37
perpendicular perpendicular to the plane of the vein. FAult : The command serves to establish the attitude of of th the fa fault. Avoid az azimuth Close to 0 or 90 degrees as they may cause the the program to malfunction. malfunction. Use angle 1 or 89 degree degrees s instead. instead. The left-h left-hand and rule rule appli applies es to the orientations of the fault. As an example: azimuth 315 / dip 45 indicates indicates a strike strike NW/SE NW/SE with a dip directio direction n to the NE at 45 degrees. degrees. Azimuth 45 / dip 60 indicates indicates a NE/SW strike with a dip 60 degrees towards the SE. MOvement : This se selection re requests the movement of the vein along the azimuth of the strike of the fault. It is to be noted that the movement is assumed to be half the distance on each side of the fault. Perspective : With th this se selection it it is is possible to define co-ordinates that are relative to the mine workings. The mid point of intersection between the fault and the vein is considered the origin. VIew : In order to visualize the effect of the movement at a different location in the co-ordinate system, the N, E and elevation can be enter entered ed here. here. Wi With th this this new view view it is possible to confirm a hypothesis rapidly. ENd : Exiting through this com command mand avo avoids the the user fro from havin aving g to rede redefi fine ne the VEin Ein, FAul Ault, MOve Ovement ent and PErspective. The user user will find it convenient convenient to exit the program in order to plot, do measu measurem rement ents s or to move move certai certain n entit entities ies on the drawing.
38
FRZLAY Purpose: The purpose of of the program is to freeze a layer layer that has been been "picked". "picked". If the layer that is to be frozen is the "current" one, then layer 0 will become the "current" layer. This function function is normally put in the menu menu as it is used often. often. How to use: Type
FRZLAY or use the menu
Questions: 1)
Select the entity to be fro frozen:
GEOLOG Purpose: To do a gelogical gelogical interpretation and hatch hatch a closed surface. This is used used to transfer geological interpretation from Autocad to Gemcom in a more userfriendly way than Gemcom does. How to Use: The program uses uses a Dialog Box. There are still a few bugs to fix but generally works well. TO BE CONTINUED
GRDLINE Purpose: Progr Program am to draw draw gridlin gridlines es in 2D. The The progr program am asks for the corner corners s of the frame and the title block, the scale of the drawing. The program draws the lines and the co-ordinates of the view. How to use: Type
GRDLINE 39
Questions:
1) BOTTOM LEFT HAND CORNER: This is the bottom left hand corner of the frame. 2) 3)
4)
5) 6) 7)
8)
TOP RIG TOP RIGHT HT HAND HAND CO CORN RNER ER:: Thi This s is is the the top top lef left-h t-han and d cor corne nerr of the frame. TOP TO P LEF LEFT T COR CORNE NER R OF OF T TIT ITLE LE BLOC BLOCK: K: This This is the the top top left left-h -han and d corner of the title title block. The program only only accepts accepts frames with the title block at the bottom right hand corner of the frame. “OPT “OPTIO IONS NS:: Pla Plan n Sec Secti tion on Long Longit itud ude: e: Thr Three ee opt optio ions ns exis existt for for the plotting of the the grid system. system. If the Plan option option is selected selected then the X co-ordinate is E and the Y is N. For Section the X is N and the Y is the elevation. For Longitude the X is E and and the Y is the elevation. INTE INTERV RV.. BET BETWE WEEN EN GRID GRID LINE LINES: S: This This is the the int inter erva vall bet betwe ween en the lines in the X Y direction for the plan and X for the section and longitude option. VERT VERTIC ICAL AL INTE INTERV RV.. BETW BETWEE EEN N GRI GRID D LINE LINES: S: The The ver verti tica call interval applies applies for the Section Section and Longitude Longitude options. This is the distance between the lines. SCAL SCALE: E: 100 100 200 200 500 500 100 1000 0 Oth Other er:: The The scal scale e app appli lies es to the the text size of of the co-ordinates. co-ordinates. The “Other” “Other” option is used used to determine the size of text for f or drawings in other scales. Determine the scale scale using using an actual drawing. For example, if the text size at 300 scale is 2 meters then enter at HEIGHT OF TEXT: 2.0 Do you you wis wish h to to ins inser ertt the the Nort North h arr arrow ow? ? YES, YES, NO.= NO.=> > The The Y or or N option is required to enter the North arrow on the plan.
The resultant of the program is the drawing of the co-ordinates co-ordinates lines and numbers in the X and and Y direction. The lines are drawn drawn within the specified specified frame avoiding the title block.
GRIDLINE Purpose: Progr Program am to draw draw gridlin gridlines es in 3D. The The progr program am asks for the corner corners s of the frame and the title block, the scale of the drawing. The program draws the 40
lines lines and the co-ordina co-ordinates tes of the view. The GRIDLINE GRIDLINE program program resemble resembles s GRDLINE but is is a generalised generalised grid program. program. Using the UCS to determine the view view in any any dire direct ctio ion, n, the the prog progra ram m will will gene genera rate te in the the curr curren entt UCS UCS the the gridlines in the X Y Z direction.
How to use: Type Questions:
GRIDLINE 1) BOTTOM LEFT HAND CORNER: The bottom left hand corner of the frame in the current UCS. 2) TOP RIGHT HAND CORNER: The top right hand corner of the frame in the current UCS 3) TOP LEFT CORNER OF TITLE BLOCK: The top left-hand corner of the title block. 4) INTERV. BETWEEN EAST LINES: The interval between the line in East or X direction 5) INTERVAL BETWEEN NORTH LINES: 6) INTERVAL BETWEEN elevation LINES: 7) SCALE: 100 200 500 1000 Other: The scale of the drawing. Other is used used for scales scales that are not not defined 8)"Do you wish to insert the North arrow? YES, NO.=> The question is used to insert the North Arrow on the drawing.
The program generates the grid lines in a projected plane of the present view. The program to determine which lines will be drawn within the frame uses the UCS origin UCS X direction and UCS Y direction.
GROUPTOBLOCK Purpose: Program Program was designed designed to convert convert grouped grouped entities entities created by the Carlson program. How to use: Type
GROUPTOBLOCK 41
Questions:
1) Select the entities that must be converted. The program will determine if the group exists with a “sptxxx” block and a "SRVPNO1" block with contains the attributes 2) The program will substitute the group entities with substitute the block.
INPDBF Purpose: INPDBF is a group of programs that can be used to plot sections, geochem and infras infrastru tructu cture re plots plots from from a text file. A structu structure re file is used to define define the variables, constraints constraints and conditions for for plotting. The program plots plots in “true” 3D the information. information. The text is displayed displayed in the the UCS that has been been chosen to plot the data. How to use: Type
Inpdbf
General Program questions: Questions 2) 3)
1) Please en enter th t he na name of of th t he st structure fi f ile: The structure file is the file that contains information on the about the treatment of the data. Please en enter th the na name of of the the da data fi file: This is is th the name of the data file that contains the information to be plotted. What is is th the de default sc scale of of th the te text 20 50 50 10 100 Othe Otherr : This This is the the scal scale e of the the defa defaul ultt text text and and depends on on the scale scale of the drawing. Other is used when custom custom default scale scale plots plots are required. Text size can also be defined in the structure file.
Structure file The structure file determine relationships between the database and how the 42
prog progra ram m will will actu actual ally ly trea treatt the the data data.. A pseud seudo o inte interp rpre rete terr has has been been incorporated into the program to give the user the flexibility to determine the final presentation. An example file is shown below which can be called STRUCT.TXT VAR_DEF POZO ESTE NORTE COTA AZ AZIMUT HASTA Inter Zn Au Fe
INCLIN Codigo
LARGO EOL
DESDE
CNTRL TAGOFFSET 1.0 -3.0 LINEWIDTH 2.0 NOTICK END_CNTRL FILTER Zn > 0.1 END_FILTER ASSOC ESTE WITH X NORTE WITH Y COTA WITH Z POZO WITH HOLE AZIMUT WITH AZIMUTH INCLIN WITH DIP DESDE WITH FROM HASTA WITH TO Codigo WITH UNIT 0 UNIT COLOR MAGENTA 1 UNIT COLOR GREEN 2 UNIT COLOR CYAN 3 UNIT COLOR ORANGE 4 UNIT COLOR ORANGE 5 UNIT COLOR ORANGE 6 UNIT COLOR CYAN 7 UNIT COLOR YELLOW 8 UNIT COLOR RED 8 UNIT COLOR BROWN WHEN Fe > 6.0 AND Zn < 4.0 9 UNIT COLOR BLUE 10 UNIT COLOR GREEN 11 UNIT COLOR PURPLE 43
;Zn WHEN Zn > 0.0 SIZE 0.3 COLOR WHITE Zn WHEN Zn > 0.0 SIZE 0.3 COLOR WHITE Zn WHEN Zn > 5.0 SIZE 0.3 COLOR GREEN Zn WHEN Zn > 9.0 SIZE 0.3 COLOR RED END_ASSOC TASK ;PLOT SECTION ORIGIN x y z DEPTH m LOOKING azimuth dump VARS [WGHTAVG] Cu Ag ;azimuth and dump are from the viewing direction PLOT SECTION ORIGIN 266800 5007400 0 DEPTH 25.0 LOOKING 45 0 VARS Zn Fe END_TASK The structure file is composed of the following section dividers: dividers: 1) VAR_ VAR_DE DEF F defin defines es the the vari variab able les s in the the data data file. file. The The varia variabl bles es are are case sensi sensitive. tive. The line line below VAR_DEF VAR_DEF is the header header of the text file. The fields must must be TAB delimited delimited and the ultimate ultimate entry of the line line EOL to dete determ rmin ine e the the end end of the varia variabl ble e list list.. Not Not all all the the variables need to be displayed or used. 2) CNRT CNRTL L END_ END_CN CNTR TRL L This This sect sectio ion n con contr trol ols s var vario ious us func functi tion on in the the plotting of the such as: TAGOFFSET determines where the tag will be displayed relative to the end of the hole. hole. LINEWIDTH is the the width of the borehole borehole trace. NOTI NOTICK CK will will disa disabl ble e the the disp displa lay y of the the tick tick mark marks s indi indica cati ting ng separation of the lithologies on the borehole trace. 3) FILT FILTER ER END_ END_FI FILT LTER ER This This sect sectio ion n is is use used d to to fil filte terr out out data data from from being plotted. 4) ASSO ASSOC C END_A END_ASS SSOC OC This This sectio section n is is used used to asso associ ciate ate the databa database se found in the data file with keywords that are used by the program to give the user the final product desired. The types of associations are: I) variable association that links the user user defined defined variab variables les such such as X Y Z. The The criti critical cal minima minimall data data associate that is required for the program to plot is: a)ESTE WITH X, b) NORTE WITH Y, c) COTA WITH Z, d)POZO WITH HOLE, e) AZIMUT WITH AZIMUTH, f) INCLIN WITH DIP, g)DESDE WITH FROM h)HASTA WITH WITH TO. The The WITH keywo keyword rd is used to deter determin mine e a variab variable le association. T The he UNIT UNIT asso associ ciat atio ion n rela relate tes s how how the the bore boreho hole le trac trace e will will be displ displaye ayed. d. The The syntax syntax to the the asso associa ciatio tion n is <> >> UNIT UNIT <> condition>> COLOR COLOR <>. name>>. The WHEN condition is used to determine lithologies based on grades. 44
The The assa assay y asso associ ciat atio ion n is used used to dete determ rmin ine e base based d on cert certai ain n cond condit itio ions ns whet whethe herr a valu value e will will be displ display ayed ed.. The The synt syntax ax is <> WHEN <> <> <>. This association association is used used to determine determine which color color and size size of text will be displa displayed yed if the conditio conditions ns are met. The last valid condition in the association list determines the plotted condition conditions. s. It is therefore therefore important important to structur structure e the file with the verification sequence in mind. 5)
TASK TASK END_TA END_TASK SK This This secti section on determ determine ines s the the task task that that has to be accompli accomplished shed.. A sample sample task is shown above above in the sample file. The syntax is as follows: PLOT SECTION ORIGIN <> <> <> <> DEPTH < <> > LOOKING LOOKING <> th>> <> <> VARS VARS [WGHTA [WGHTAVG VG]] <> …>> The The OR ORIG IGIN IN defines the plane plane that must must be projected projected onto. The DEPTH defines defines the the area area of infl influe uenc nce e on each each side side of the the plan plane. e. LOOK LOOKIN ING G is determined as the vector that is defined from the origin of the plane plane to the viewer. The azimuth azimuth is defined defined in surveyor’s surveyor’s units units with North being being 0. The dip is 0 when the vector vector is parallel parallel to the horizontal +90 when directly above and –90 when directly below. VARS define defines s the variable variable that must must be plotted. plotted. WGHTAVG WGHTAVG is a keyword that can be used when a weighted average is required within the confines confines of the plane plane and the the depth. The information is written to a file and can be used later in a spreadsheet for further calculations.
Typically the problems encountered with the program will originate in the structure file. Comments in the data file or structure file must begin with a “;”in the first column of the line in which they are encountered.
45
Elevation Z Projection Plane
Viewer Northing Y
p D i p Azimuth
Easting X
LAY LAY Purpose: This program identifies the layer on which the chosen entity is located and makes that layer the "current" "current" one. This program is typically typically in the menu as it is used frequently. How to use: Type Questions
LAY 1)
select the entity:
LAYLIST Purpose: This program displays on the command line the layer of the entity selected. This command reduces the amount of information displayed on the screen and and is typic typical ally ly a subs substi titu tute te for the the LIST LIST comma command nd in AUTO AUTOCA CAD. D. This This 46
command is typically found in the menu as it is frequently used. How to use: Type
LAYLIST
Questions
1)
select the entity
Limon Purpose: This program is a suite of subroutines that are used to generate 3-D surfaces and calculate calculate surfaces surfaces and volumes volumes in 3-D. This program program was developped as an inexpensive way of calculating volumes and surfaces but requires some instruction. instruction. How to use: This program uses a Dialog box with buttons. TO BE COMPLETED
PIPE Purpose: The program is used to make wrap around templates for lateral Y intersecting pipes and joining joining pipes. The program is divided divided into two subprograms: subprograms: 1) LATERAL LATERAL - Lateral Lateral Y program program 2) JOIN
- Intersecting pipe program.
The program makes an unwrapped 2D template that can then be cut out and wrapped around a pipe so that the pipe fitter does not have to waste time doing doing cutting cutting and fitting fitting of the two pipe. pipe. The program program only only does half of the 180 180 degree degrees s of the template template.. If a compl complete ete templa template te is requir required, ed, then a mirrored image of the half that appears on the screen can be done. The shape that appears on the screen to the right for the lateral Y subprogram is the hole in the larger pipe and the shape above is the wrap around on the smaller pipe. pipe. The diameter of the larger larger pipe must always always be larger or equal equal 47
to the size of the smaller pipe. How to use Type
LATERAL
Questions: 1)
The The int inter erna nall ang angle le of inte inters rsec ecti tion on betw betwee een n the the two two pip pipes es::
2)
The diameter of the large pipe:
3)
The di diameter of of th the sm smaller pi pipe:
4)
The increm cremen entt in in de degree grees s of of the the segm egments ents:: The The shap shapes es that that appe appear ar on the the scre screen en are are form formed ed from from line line segmen segments. ts. The The incre incremen mentat tation ion proces process s in the progr program am is in degree degrees s and the precis precision ion of the shape shape is left left to the user. user. An optimal increment has been found to be 5 degrees.
Type
JOIN
Questions: 1)
The The int inter erna nall ang angle le of inte inters rsec ecti tion on betw betwee een n the the two two pip pipes es::
2)
The di diameter of of th the pipe:
3)
The increm cremen entt in in de degree grees s of of the the segm egments ents:: The The shap shapes es that that appe appear ar on the the scre screen en are are form formed ed from from line line segmen segments. ts. The The incre incremen mentat tation ion proces process s in the progr program am is in degree degrees s and the precis precision ion of the shape shape is left left to the user. user. An optimal increment has been found to be 5 degrees.
OVRBURDEN 48
Purpose: The purpose of the program is to transfer sectional elevations to plan in order that isocont isocontours ours be made. made. The program program simply simply puts points points in 2-D space in order to speed up the process of of making the isocontours. isocontours. This program program does not draw the lines. How to use: Type Questions
SECPLAN 1) TABLET: This serves to determine the scale and the Northing and elevation co-ordinates.
2) SECTION: An Easting is required in order to the information on plan.
put
3) PICK ICK POINT OINT:: On the sectio ction n "pick ick" the the points of interest that is necessary necessary on the plan. Once the point is "picked", a small circle with an elevation tag is put in the drawing. The program always returns to 3) until CTRL-C is used to end the program.
PLMAKE Purpose: This grouping of programs is used to convert lines into 3-D polylines, polyline mergin merging, g, line line compr compres essio sion n and export exporting ing to Gemco Gemcom m format format for makin making g solids. The following programs included are: Plmake – this routine is an aggregation of programs to clean and merge data. Within this group are a) erase erase line lines s that that are point points. s. This This elimi eliminat nates es all all lines lines that that have have the same starting point and ending points. b) eras erase e iden identi tica call line lines. s. Thes These e are are line lines s that that are are over overla layi ying ng and normally should not exist. c) Archi Archivin ving g elevatio elevations ns – this this section section is used used to tranfe tranferr from from Autoc Autocad ad into a text file text text entities. An example would would be the storing storing of floor and back elevations to lighten up a drawing. d) Select Select area area – this this is used used to define define the polygo polygon n that is the selecti selection on set. 49
e) Export Export – this this is used used to output output to a text file in a manne mannerr accepta acceptabl ble e to Gemcom Gemcom line data. data. Three Three files are produced produced and and necessary necessary so that that Gemc Gemcom om may use use it. it. This This is Te Tech cho. o.txt txt (back (back eleva elevati tion on)) Piso.txt(f Piso.txt(floor loor elevation elevation)) and Pillar.tx Pillar.txt(outl t(outline ine with no elevation elevations). s). The The prog progra ram m atte attemp mpts ts to make make as many many clo closed sed poly polyli line nes s as possible. f)
Ok – does no nothing
g) Cancel Cancel – Term Termina inate te the the funct functio ion n h) VSE – Makes Makes vertical vertical sections sections for Examin Examine3d e3d i)
VSEF – progra program m to expor exportt 3d polyline polylines s from from Autocad Autocad to Examin Examine3D e3D
How to use: Type Questions
PLMAKE 1)
Point of a corner, or Centre of the rectangle
2)
Point of of th the section corner, or or LEN_WDTH - the length and width of the
rectangle.
TOOLS Purpose: Thi This s grou groupi ping ng of prog progra ram m is esse essent ntia iall lly y a tool toolbo box x of enti entity ty gene genera rati ting ng functions. At the moment the following entities that may be formed are: 50
1)
RECT
-
Rectangle generating routine.
How to use: Type
RECT
Questions
1)
Point of a corner, or Centre of the rectangle
2)
Point of of th the section corner, or or LEN_WDTH - the length and width of the
rectangle.
PROBE Purpose: The purpose of this program is to search through a drawing database for entities that have a specified specified layer name. name. It is often necessary necessary to clean up a drawing of some some unwanted layers layers by PURGING the the drawing. However, some layers cannot be purged because they are trapped in a block or a not easily visible. This program program helps reduce the the search time by placing in a file file all the entities and their their location. The program searches searches through through all the block (even the nested ones) and output to the file PROBE.INF a listing of all the entities that meet the layer criteria. Some layers cannot be purged if they are trapped in the block "definition" which is not an entity. AUTOCAD keeps keeps the block "definitions" separate separate from the actual actual block "entitie "entities". s". As a result even even if the "entity" "entity" blocks blocks no longer have the layer, layer, the "definition" will will still have it. it. In order to purge purge that layer it will be necessary to redefine the block by reinserting the block in the following fashion (e.g. file is STATION): INSERT: Block name to insert: STATION=STATION 51
Insertion point: CTRL-C How to use: Type
PROBE
Questions
1)
Which layer
Once the program has returned and displayed nil on the command line, the information pertainin pertaining g to the entities entities on the specifie specified d layer are foun found d in PROB PROBE. E.IN INF. F. To prin printt the the info inform rmat atio ion n to the the printer printer the DOS command command TYPE PROBE.INF PROBE.INF >PRN >PRN may be used. The information in the file has been structured so as to make it easier to find the information. information. However, when it comes to block, the the insertion points points must be added to actually actually locate locate the block or the entity. entity. The general general structur structure e of the ASCII file is as such: >START BLOCK 1 : : BLOCK n ENTITY >END The block information is as such: 1) Layer 2) Entity type 3) Entity name 4) Insertion point The entity information is as such: 1) Layer 2) Entity point 3) Insertion point
52
SCAN Purpose: Program Program to seek a drawing for a specific specific text. This This is a lower lower level program program than SEEK as SCAN only seeks exact text. How to use: Type Questions
Scan 1) Please enter text to scan... This is text that is sought. The text sought is case sensitive. sensitive. 2) If text text has has been been foun found d that that matc matche hes s the the entered text then the text is displayed in the center of the scre screen en.. If not found found then then the the “Not “Not found found” ” disp displa lay y is displayed on the command line. 3) When text has been found the following key words words are displa displayed yed as option options: s: Contin Continue ue or Te Termi rminat nate e Out-zoom In-zoom: Continue is used to go to the next word that that matc matche hes s the the cond condit itio ions ns.. Term Te rmin inat ate e is used used to termin terminate ate the functi function. on. Out Out is used to Zoom Zoom out or to demagnify the text. In-zoom is used to zoom zoom into the text to get more more detail. If no text entities entities are selected selected then the the message: The text cannot be found ... is displayed.
SECTION Seccion Purpose: This progra program m transfers transfers information information from plan view view to section sections. s. This is a 2D program. How to use: Type
SECCION
Thi This s comm comman and d will will give give a desc descri ript ptio ion n of the the four four func functi tion ons s make make up the the program and their use. These programs are: 53
1)
SXS SXSTART ART
Init Initiiali alisati satio on of of the the refer eferen ence ce points ints for for th the se sectio ction n.
2)
SXINPUT
Data entry program.
3)
SXREL Program to translate and rotate an orthogonal projection.
4)
SXPROFIL This pr program ge generates dr drift pr profiles. program, SXSTART must have run previous.
5)
APSECT
To us use th this
Program to produce unwrap sections.
Type SXSTART Questions 1) STARTING POINT OF REFERENCE LINE: This point must must normally be located located to the left left of the section. This is to avoid having projections done in a mirror fashion. 2)
ENDING PO POINT OF OF RE REFER FERENCE LINE:
This is another point on the reference line. 3)
ELE ELEVATION OF OF TH THE RE REFERENCE LI LINE:
This is the elevation of the reference line. Note: Note: All points points projecte projected d are done so orthogo orthogonal nal to the reference reference line. line. If the starting point of the reference line is not to the left of the ending point, the projection will be inverted and all points will be projected below the reference line. Type
SXINPUT
Questions 1)
SELECT POINT: This is the point that the user wishes to project.
2)
ELEVATION OF POINT: 54
This is the elevatio elevation n of the point. point. A text elevation elevation may be selected selected or uses ENTER to type in a numeric elevation. 3)
TYPE OF POINT:
This is a text string that may be entered in front of the elevation that will be printed at the projected point and may be used to clarify the type of point that the user has has selected. An example would would be to use "F" for floor or "B" for backs. Type
SXREL
Questions 1)
SELECT THE RE RELATIVE POINT:
This point is equivalent to the translated STARTING POINT: of SXSTART. 2)
ABSO BSOLUTE UTE ORI ORIEN ENT TATIO TION OF OF THE THE SECT ECTION ION:
This is the orientation of the rotated reference line with # 1) (above) as the origin. 0 is considered considered as east and is positive positive counterclockwise. counterclockwise. 3)
DIP OF THE SECTION:
This feature may be used to prepare dipping sections that are not at 90 degrees. degrees. This has applica application tions s in blasting blasting where where drill drill sections sections are not always at 90 degrees. Note: SXSTART must must be run before SXREL SXREL as some information information that has been generated generated in SXSTART SXSTART is required required in this function. function. The RELATIVE POINT is equivalent to the STARTING POINT but translated. Type
SXPROFIL
Questions 1)
POINT 1: This is the first point on the plan view.
2)
ELEVATION 1 LOWER: This is the elevation of the floor of the drift. 55
3)
ELEVATION 1 UPPER: This the elevation of the roof of the drift.
4)
POINT 2: This is the second point on the plan view.
5)
ELEVATION 2 LOWER: This is the elevation of the floor of the drift.
6)
ELEVATION 2 UPPER: This the elevation of the roof of the drift.
Note: Note: This function functions s requires requires two points from a plan view and four elevations elevations to determine the floor and roof of the drift. drift. Once all the the questions questions have been answered a pline will be put on the section based on the reference line.
Type
APSECT
Questions 1) 2)
3)
4) 5)
Exagg Exagger erati ation on in in the the Y dire direct ctio ion: n: Thi This s is the the ver verti tica call exag exagge gera rati tion on of the section. Incr Increm emen ent( t(+) +) or Decr Decrea ease se X(-) X(-) : The The ques questi tion on has has as purp purpos ose e to to ask ask dete determ rmin ine e the the incr increm emen enta tatio tion n proc proces ess s from from the the sour source ce point. Increase will add the distance distance and increment in a positive direction direction while while Decrease Decrease will reduce reduce the distance. distance. This is used used mainly when a central point to the section and work is done both ways. Pick ick the the last last po point on on the the tr traver averse se se sectio ction n : Thi This is a po point int of reference for the program to start. start. The point may be located located at a suitable suitable reference reference point. point. The elevatio elevation n will be calculate calculated d on the section using.the selected point. Previ reviou ous s poin pointt or fir first poi point nt on on the the trav traver erse se pla plan n : This is the the poin pointt on the the plan plan from from whic which h the the prog progra ram m will will star startt to add add distance, either positively or negatively. Elevation of last point : This is the the elevation of the point 56
selected selected on the travers traverse e plan. The elevatio elevation n may be text or by pressing Enter, the value through the keyboard. The program will generate in relative co-ordinates an unfolded section of the plan. This is applicable applicable to road construction construction layouts or ditch ditch profiles.
SEEK Purpose: Program to wildcard strings and zoom onto the text in the drawing. How to use: Type
Seek
Questions: 1) Please Please specify specify the string string:: Enter the the text text to be found. found. The? May be used to define a “wild” character and * for a group of wild characters that can range from no characters to multiple characters. 2) If a valid valid word word is found found then the the text text is zoom zoom onto onto the the center of the screen. screen. Two options options are displayed displayed nOptions: Magnify Next: The Magnify is used to zoom in or out with the question: Magnification factor please: A numeric numeric scale factor factor is required. required. Under the Next Next option the next matching word is displayed. The function displays displays all the matching matching set of text. The string search search is case sensitive. “Search routine complete” is displayed when the end of the valid words has been displayed.
SURVEY Purpose: 57
The survey program is an agglomeration of utility programs for the surveyors. Presently four main programs are included: 1) Side shots, 2) Offsets, 3) TP and 4) Grade chain. SIDE SHOTS Purpose: This program is used to calculate side shots How to use: Type
Side
Questions: Enter Enter BS Coors. Coors. Enter Enter the co-or co-ordin dinates ates of the backsi backsight ght either either through through the keyboard keyboard or using using a snap snap function. function. The drawings are assumed to be 2-D drawings and the elevation co-ordinate need not be entered at this stage. Enter Enter Statio Station n Coors: Coors: Enter Enter the the stati station on co-or co-ordin dinate ate either either through the keyboard or using a snap function and picking the station node. Ente Enterr Stat Statio ion n Elev Elev.: .: This This is the the elev elevat atio ion n of the the stat statio ion n entered manually through the keyboard. Enter HI: This is the height of the instrument. Enter HP: This is the height of point. A loop around the following questions allows for the continuous entry of shots. Use Ctrl-C or or BREAK to to terminate the the program. Enter Enter measu measured red distan distance: ce: This This is the dista distance nce from from the the inst instru rume ment nt to the the shot shot poin point. t. It is a slop sloped ed distance. No corrections corrections are done done on this distance. distance. Enter Vert. Angle (xxx.xxxx): This is the vertical angle in sexage sexagesim simal al (degree (degrees, s, minutes minutes,, secon seconds) ds).. The The degrees and the minutes/seconds are separated by the decimal point. Enter Enter Horz. Horz. Angle Angle (xxx.x (xxx.xxxx xxx): ): This This is the horiz horizon ontal tal angle in sexagesimal. sexagesimal. 58
OFFSETS Purpose: This program is used to calculate offset shots How to use: Type
Offsets
Questions: Enter Enter BS Coors. Coors. Enter Enter the co-or co-ordin dinates ates of the backsi backsight ght either either through through the keyboard keyboard or using using a snap snap function. function. The drawings are assumed to be 2-D drawings and the elevation co-ordinate need not be entered at this stage. Enter Statio Station n Coors. Coors. Enter the the station station co-ordin co-ordinate ate either either through the keyboard or using a snap function and picking the station node. Ente Enterr Stat Statio ion n Elev Elev.: .: This This is the the elev elevat atio ion n of the the stat statio ion n entered manually through the keyboard. Enter HI: This is the height of the instrument. A loop around the following questions allows for the continuous entry of shots. Use Ctrl-C or or BREAK to to terminate the the program. Enter Enter measu measured red distan distance: ce: This This is the dista distance nce from from the the inst instru rume ment nt to the the shot shot poin point. t. It is a slop sloped ed distance. No corrections corrections are done done on this distance. distance. Enter Vert. Angle (xxx.xxxx): This is the vertical angle in sexage sexagesim simal al (degree (degrees, s, minutes minutes,, secon seconds) ds).. The The degrees and the minutes/seconds are separated by the decimal point. Enter Enter Horz. Horz. Angle Angle (xxx.x (xxx.xxxx xxx): ): This This is the horiz horizon ontal tal angle in sexagesimal. sexagesimal. Left Left offse ffset: t: This is the the offse ffsett to the left eft of the the instrume instrument nt as seen from from the instrum instrument. ent. If the user user simply presses enter the default value will be 0.0 59
Righ Rightt offs offset et:: This This is the the offs offset et to the the righ rightt of the the instrument. The default default value is 0.0. 0.0. Plus offset: This is the offset vertically up from the point. point. There There is no default default value value for this this offset offset if the user simply presses Enter. Minus offset: This is the vertical offset down from the shot shot point. point. The The default default value value is the last speci specifie fied d offs offset et.. It is conse conserv rved ed as a defau default lt until until the user user wishes to change it. A horizontal line is then placed between the left and right offset. The elevation of the floor and back are also placed on the screen and centred centred about the shot point. point. If both the left left and right right offset are zero a circle will be placed instead of a line and the elevation centred centred about about the circle. circle. If there is no posit positive ive offset offset the back elevation will not be placed on the screen. To To term termin inat ate e the the data data entr entry, y, simp simply ly pres press s CT CTRL RL-C -C or BREA BREAK. K. Using a snap function and LINE (or PLINE) the right and left offsets may be connected to outline the survey. TP Purpose: This program is used to calculate temporary points - TP How to use: Type
TP
Questions: Enter Enter BS Coors. Coors. Enter Enter the co-or co-ordin dinates ates of the backsi backsight ght either either through through the keyboard keyboard or using using a snap snap function. function. The drawings are assumed to be 2-D drawings and the elevation co-ordinate need not be entered at this stage. Enter Statio Station n Coors. Coors. Enter the the station station co-ordin co-ordinate ate either either through the keyboard or using a snap function and picking the station node. Enter Enter Statio Station n Elev.: Elev.: This This eleva elevatio tion n of the stati station on enter entered ed 60
manually through the keyboard. Enter HI: This is the height of the instrument. Enter Enter measu measured red distan distance: ce: This This is the dista distance nce from from the the inst instru rume ment nt to the the shot shot poin point. t. It is a slop sloped ed distance. No corrections corrections are done done on this distance. distance. Enter Vert. Angle (xxx.xxxx): This is the vertical angle in sexage sexagesim simal al (degree (degrees, s, minutes minutes,, secon seconds) ds).. The The degrees and the minutes/seconds are separated by the decimal point. Enter Enter Horz. Horz. Angle Angle (xxx.x (xxx.xxxx xxx): ): This This is the horiz horizon ontal tal angle in sexagesimal. sexagesimal. The output to the program is a line that is drawn from the station to the TP with the elevation placed at the end of the line. GrCh Purpose: This program is used to calculate grade chains How to use: Type
GRCH
Questions: Enter Enter Sta. Sta. or BLP Coors. Coors.:: This This is the co-or co-ordin dinate ates s of the station or back line plug as entered through the keyboard or using the snap function and pointing to the node of the station. Enter Sta. or BLP Elev.: This is the elevation of the station or the back line plug. Enter planned floor Elev. for Sta. or BLP: This is the planned floor elevation at the station or back line plug. Ente Enterr FLP FLP or Sta. Sta. Co Coor ors. s.:: This This is the the co-o co-ord rdin inat ate e of the the 61
station or the front line plug. Enter FLP or Sta. Elev.: This is the elevation of the front line plug or the station. Enter % grade (x.x): This is the % rise over run that the travel way is designed designed at. A 10% grade is entered 10 and a -10% grade is -10. The program will output the following data from which to make the chains: LENGTH FO BACK CHAIN ELEV OF BACK WASHER ELEV OF STATION LENGTH OF FRONT CHAIN ELEV OF FRONT WASHER ELEV OF FRONT L.P. VERTICAL DIFF. HORIZ. DIST.
SXPLOT Purpose: This program program has as purpos purpose e to make make divided frames. frames. The bottom bottom frame is normally normally the plan view view and the upper is the section section.. This progra program m may not work work on all all plot plotte ters rs.. This This prog progra ram m was was deve develo lope ped d to with with the the inte intent nt to overcome the AUTOCAD limitations when it came to plotting multiple windows on the same same plan without without having to move the the section. This program program may not work with all plotters. plotters. Some plotters cannot cannot handle two distinct plots plots on the same plot. With this program, program, the user user must first plot plot the plan view and and then plot plot the the sect sectio ion n view view with with the the offs offset et or orig origin in is give given n by the the TErm TErmin inat ate e function function of the program. program. This program program was developp developped ed for Autocad version version 12 or less. How to use: Type
SXPLOT
The options are: 62
STart PLan MOve MOve SEction GRid TItles TErminate TErminate STart STart Quest Questio ions ns : 1)
WHAT TYPE OF FRAME (A3-A3V)
The two types of permissible permissible frames are A3 landscape of A3V portrait. 2)
WHAT SCALE (2 (250, 50 500, 10 1000) This question is to define the scale of the
drawing. 3)
WHA WHAT UNIT UNIT ON THE VER VERT TICAL ICAL SCAL CALE (N (N M)
This is to accommodate for the generation of sections of long sections. PLan
Questions : 1)
BOTTOM LE LEFT HAND CO CORNER OF PL PLAN :
2)
UPPER RI RIGHT HA HAND CO CORNER OF OF PL PLAN :
These two previous points represent the opposing corners of of the bottom frame. Even if the UPPER RIGHT HAND CORNER exceeds the maximum dimensions of the frame, the actual size will not exceed the A3 size. MOve
Questions : 1)
BOTTOM LEFT HAND CORNER OF PLAN :
This command moves the frame to the new location selected. It is important to note that the upper frame is located above the bottom frame. There are no horizontal offsets offsets between between the upper upper and lower lower frames. frames. The The vertical vertical offset offset given given by the SEcti SEction on comman command d is mainta maintaine ined d at the same location and both frame can overlap.
63
SEction
Questions : 1)
BOTTOM PO POINT OF OF TH THE SE SECTION :
This function is used to locate the bottom point of the section. It can be used repeatedly to move the top top fram frame e vert vertic ical ally ly rela relati tive ve to the the bott bottom om fram frame. e. The The dimens dimension ions s of the botto bottom m frame frame and and the upper upper frame frame may be alte altere red d by rede redefi fini ning ng the the PLan PLan.. The The diff differ eren ence ce in size size betw betwee een n the the A3 dime dimens nsio ions ns and and the the bott bottom om fram frame e is the the dimension of the upper frame. GRid
Questions :
This function is used to place the co-ordinate and grid on the plan. It is best to use this command once the the fram frames es have have been been loca locate ted d as any any move moveme ment nt of the the frames frames will result result in having having to remove remove manually manually the text and lines that have been created by this command. TItles TItles Question Questions: s: This function places the title block on the plan. Here again this function should be used only when frames have been positioned final. TErminate
the
Questions:
This command terminates the program normally and displays the co-ordinates co-ordinates of the origin of the second plot for the section.
THOLE Purpose This program may be used to position test holes (T-Holes) on plan as well as placing the assay numbers, grades and lengths. 64
The following layers are created or used for the specified data: SAMLOC - The trace of the hole is on this layer. The colour of the hole is white. SAMN SAMNUM UMBE BER RThe The sam sampl ple e num numbe bers rs are are on on thi this s lay layer er.. The The colour of this layer is blue. ASSAY ASSAYS S - This This layer layer contai contains ns the assay assays. s. Only Only one assay assay is permitted but the program could be modified to accept any number. The colour of this layer is magenta. How to use Type
THOLE
Questions: 1) STARTING POINT OF HOLE: 2) DIRECTION OF THE HOLE: 3) THE LENGTH OF EACH SAMPLE: 4) Number or Grade Selecting "Number" "Number" will generate a line with dashes to delimit the samples and the sample number will appear beside the dash. The program will request a starting number and will automatically increment for all the others (i.e. if desired). Selecting "Grade" a prompt will request the grade to be assigned beside the tick mark. 5) A loop is done going back to Question 4. To terminate program use CTRL-C.
the
TXTATTR Purpose 65
This program is used to modify modify text attributes in a drawing. drawing. It can be used used to chan change ge the the text text size size or styl style e give given n a set set of filt filter er cond condit itio ions ns.. The The filt filter er conditions include: 1) The layer name 2) The style name 3) The linetype 4) The colour 5) The original text size How to use Questions: The The init initia iall menu menu requ reques ests ts the the user user to spec specif ify y whet whethe herr text text size size or text text attributes are are to be modified. modified. Specify SI for size size and and ST for style change. For size changes, changes, the original original text size and and the new text text size are requested. requested. For style changes, the new style name is requested. The filter elements are requested as follows: 1) Layer name (* (* for all): This This is the layer layer filter element. All entities on the specified layer will be changed. changed. * Signifies all layers. 2) Style (* for all): All the text entities that have the specified style woul would d be chose chosen n for for modi modifi fica cati tion on.. Only Only one style style name name may may be specified at any one time. 3) Linetype (* for all): All the text entities that have the specified line type type would be chosen chosen for modifi modificat cation ion.. Only Only one line line type type can be specified at any time. 4) Colour name (* for all): All the text entities that have the specified colour would be be included for modification. modification. Use the numeric value value of the colour instead of the text value. Once Once all all the the filt filter er ques questi tion ons s have have been been answ answer ered ed,, a list listin ing g of the the filt filter er elements elements and the selectio selection n is displayed. displayed. If the choice is incorrec incorrect, t, then the user should press press CTRL-C. Otherwise, the user can can press any key to continue continue and change the text entities to the requested settings of style or text height.
66
VSE Purpose The The prog progra ram m is used used to make make sect sectio ions ns usin using g surv survey ey data data line lines s and and text text elevations to generate a 3d polyline that can be used to make wireframes in Examine 3d. This program is included in PLMAKE.LSP
VSEF Purpose This program is used to generate a text file with 3dpolyline data in the ‘geo’ format that is used by the Examine 3d program to generate rings that are then used to generate wireframes.
ZAP Purpose The ZAP program is a quick way to eliminate specific entities from a drawing. The user must be careful as the deletion of the entities includes those that are not visible on the screen and those that are frozen. How to use Type
ZAP
Questions SELECT THE TYPE OF ENTITY TO ELIMINATE: The permitted entities that the program can handle are: I) ii) iii) iv) v) vi)
TEXT CIRCLE POINT SOLID LINE PLINE 67
If another type of entity is selected the program will terminate without deleting any entities. ═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ TEXT For the TEXT several different deletion options are permitted. following prompt will appear when a TEXT entity is selected:
The
ELIMINATE TEXT : Numbers, Floor_back, All, Layer, Keepgeo Using the Numbers option, all the text entities starting will be eliminated.
with a digit digit
Using Using the Floor_Ba Floor_Back ck option option all the text entities entities beginnin beginning g with the letter "B" or "F" for backs and floors and a second character a digit digit will be eliminated from the drawing. Using the All option all the text from the drawing will be Using the Layer option a more specific deletion may be A second question is presented to the screen:
eliminated. achieved.
Eliminate Text: Numbers, Floor_back, All, Keepgeo The option Layer reduces the influence of the deletion just one layer.
process
to
Using the option Keepgeo only the geology layers are kept. These are: STRUCTURE, FAULT, GEOSYMTXT, GEOTEXT, CONTACT, CONTACT, ASSAYS, SAMNUMBER. SAMNUMBER. The name of the layers is easily changed in the coding and the number of permissible layers may be adjusted to the user's requirements. ═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ CIRCLE When a circle has been selected as entity the following choices will appear:
deletion
Radius, Layer, Colour, All, End With the Radius option only the circles with the identical radius will be 68
deleted. With the Layer option all the circles on the layer of the selected entity will be deleted. With the Colour option all circle entities with the colour of the selected entity will be deleted. The All option deletes all the circle with the Radius, Layer and Colour of the selected entity. The End option is used to terminate the loop, as the menu will reappear until the user has completed completed his/her selection. selection. This option is to give the flexibility to the user to select options such as Radius and Layer, Layer and Colour or Colour and Radius. ═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ SOLID, LINE, PLINE The selection of a solid, line or pline is handled with the following menu: LAyer, LInetype, COlor, ALl, ENd With the LAyer option, all the entities of the selected type on the layer on which the entity was selected will be deleted. With the LInetype option, all the entities of the selected type with the linetype of the selected entity will be deleted from the database. With the COlor option, all the entities of the selected type with the colour of the selected entity will be deleted. With the With the ALl ALl opti option on,, all all the the enti entiti ties es of the the sele select cted ed type type will will be eliminated from the drawing. The ENd option is similar to the TEXT section in that combinations of layers, linetypes or colours are permitted to be more selective in the deletion process.
69
Entity Codes CODE
DATA TYPE
DESCRIPTION
0
Pointed Pair
"3DFACE"
10
List - 4 atoms
First point
11
List - 4 atoms
Second point
12
List - 4 atoms
Third point
13
List - 4 atoms
Fourth point
70
Pointed Pair
Visibility flag (1= first, 2=second, 4= third, 8=fourth)
0
Pointed Pair
"ARC"
10
List - 4 atoms
Centre point
40
Pointed Pair
Radius
50
Pointed Pair
Initial angle (radians)
51
Pointed Pair
Final angle (radians)
0
Pointed Pair
"ATTRIB"
1
Pointed Pair
Value
2
Pointed Pair
Tag
7
Pointed Pair
Text style name
10
List - 4 atoms
Starting point of text
11
List - 4 atoms
Alignment point
40
Pointed Pair
Text height
41
Pointed Pair
Scale factor
50
Pointed Pair
Rotation angle (radians)
51
Pointed Pair
Skew of characters (radians)
70
Pointed Pair
Attribute flag (1= invisible, 2= constant, 3= to verify, 4= predefined)
71
Pointed Pair
Text generation flag (1= mirror, 2= vertical)
72
Pointed Pair
Text justification (1= centred on base line, 2= right, 3= aligned, 4=centered, 5= filled between two points)
73
Pointed Pair
Length of zone
CODE
DATA TYPE
DESCRIPTION
0
Pointed Pair
"ATTRIB"
1
Pointed Pair
Dimension text
2
Pointed Pair
Name of pseudo block
10
List - 4 atoms
Starting point
11
List - 4 atoms
Centre point
12
List - 4 atoms
Continuation point of "base" line
13
List - 4 atoms
First point of definition (linear/angular)
14
List - 4 atoms
Second point of of definition (linear/angular)
15
List - 4 atoms
Definition point (diameter / radius / angular)
16
List - 4 atoms
Definition point for arc
40
Pointed Pair
Length of quote line
50
Pointed Pair
Angle of "dimension" line (radians)
51
Pointed Pair
Angle between UCS and the X axis of the chosen entity (radians)
70
Pointed Pair
Dimension flag (0= horizontal or vertical, 1= aligned, 2=angular, 3=diameter, 4=radius, add to previous: +128= position of text specified by user, 1= user defined text)
0
Pointed Pair
"CIRCLE"
10
List - 4 atoms
Centre point
40
Pointed Pair
Radius
0
Pointed Pair
"INSERT"
2
Pointed Pair
Name of block
10
List - 4 atoms
Insertion point
41
Pointed Pair
X scale factor
42
Pointed Pair
Y scale factor
43
Pointed Pair
Z scale factor
44
Pointed Pair
Distance between columns for MINSERT
CODE 45
DATA TYPE
DESCRIPTION
Pointed Pair
Distance between rows for MINSERT
Pointed Pair
Rotation angle (radians)
66
Pointed Pair
Attributes attached to block (1= present)
70
Pointed Pair
Number of columns for MINSERT
71
Pointed Pair
Number of rows for MINSERT
0
Pointed Pair
"LINE" or "3DLINE"
10
List - 4 atoms
Starting point
11
List - 4 atoms
Ending point
0
Pointed Pair
"POINT"
10
List - 4 atom
Point
50
Pointed Pair
Angle of the X axis relative to the UCS
50
CODE
DATA TYPE
DESCRIPTION
0
Pointed Pair
"POLYLINE"
10
List - 4 atoms
Starting point
40
Pointed Pair
Starting thickness
41
Pointed Pair
Ending thickness
66
Pointed Pair
Crest flag (1= crest follows)
70
Pointed Pair
Polyline type (1= closed, 2= smoothed curve, 4= spline curve, 8= 3D polyline, 16= 3D mesh, 32= closed 3D mesh)
71
Pointed Pair
"M" value for polygonal mesh
72
Pointed Pair
"N" value for polygonal mesh
73
Pointed Pair
Smoothed mesh, density in "M"
74
Pointed Pair
Smoothed mesh, density in "N"
75
Pointed Pair
Smoothing flag (0= none, 5= quadratic Bspline, 6=B-spline, 8= Bezier)
0
Pointed Pair
"VERTEX"
10
List - 4 atoms
Point
40
Pointed Pair
Starting width
41
Pointed Pair
Ending width
42
Pointed Pair
Rounded (if smoothed)
50
Pointed Pair
Tangent (if smoothed)
70
Pointed Pair
Point flag (1=crest with smoothing, 2= tangent of a spline curve, 16= control point in a spline curve, 32= 3D polyline point, 64= point of a 3D polygon mesh)
0
Pointed Pair
"SEQEND" (polylines and attributes)
-2
Pointed Pair
Name of entity of origin
0
Pointed Pair
"SHAPE"
2
Pointed Pair
Name of Form
10
List - 4 atoms
Insertion Point
40
Pointed Pair
Size
CODE
DATA TYPE
DESCRIPTION
41
Pointed Pair
Scale factor
50
Pointed Pair
Angle of rotation (radians)
51
Pointed Pair
Skew angle (radians)
0
Pointed Pair
"SOLID"
10
List - 4 atoms
First point
11
List - 4 atoms
Second point
12
List - 4 atoms
Third point
13
List - 4 atoms
Fourth point (if it exists)
0
Pointed Pair
"TEXT"
1
Pointed Pair
String
7
Pointed Pair
Text style
10
List - 4 atoms
Insertion point
11
List - 4 atoms
Alignment point
40
Pointed Pair
Character height
41
Pointed Pair
Height to width factor
50
Pointed Pair
Rotation angle (radians)
51
Pointed Pair
Text skew angle (radians)
71
Pointed Pair
Flag (1= mirror, 2=reversed)
72
Pointed Pair
Justification flag (1= centred on baseline, 2= right, 3= aligned, 4=centered, 5= filled between two points)
0
Pointed Pair
"TRACE"
10
List - 4 atoms
Starting point (first corner)
11
List - 4 atoms
Starting point (second corner)
12
List - 4 atoms
Ending point (first corner)
13
List - 4 atoms
Ending point (second corner)
CODE
DATA TYPE
DESCRIPTION
CODE
Description
0
Entity name
6
Line type
8
Layer name
10
Point
38
Elevation
39
Thickness
62
Colour
210
3D extrusion vector (list - 4 atoms)
