TP 69 690E (Revised 10/2007)
Study and Reference Guide for written examinations for the
Ai A i r l i n e Tran Tr ans s p o r t Pil Pi l o t L i c enc en c e Aeroplane
Twe Twentieth Edi Edition October 2006 2006
TC-10 TC-1002457 457
*TC-1002457*
Please Please direct your comments, orders and inquir ies to:
The The Ord Order Desk Desk MultiMedia MultiMedia P ublishing ublishing Serv S ervices ices Tran Transpor sportt Canad Canada a (AARA-M (AARA-MPS PS)) 330 Sparks Str S treet eet Ottawa Ottawa ON K1A 0N8 Telep Teleph hone: one: Fax: E-Mail:
1-88 -888-83 -830-49 -4911 (in (in Nor North Amer Americ ica) a) 613 613-99 -991-40 -4071 (ot (other cou countries) ies) 613-991-1653
[email protected]
© Her Her Majesty Majesty t he Queen in Right of Canada, as represented b y the Minis ter of Transp ort, 1977. 1977.
P ermiss ermission ion is granted granted by the Departme Department nt of Transport, Transport, Canada, C anada, to copy and/or reproduce the contents of this publication in whole or in part provided that full acknowledgment is given to the Department of Tran Transpor sportt, Canad Canada, a, and and that the mater ateria iall be accu accurratel ately y repr eprodu oduced ced. Whil While e use of this mater ateria iall has been een authorized, the Department of Transport, Canada, shall not be responsible for the manner in which the information information is presented, nor for any interp interpretat retations ions thereof. The The info inforrmatio ation n in this publica licattion ion is to to be con consid sidered ered sole solely ly as a guide ide and and shou should ld not be quoted oted as or considered to be a legal authority. It may become obsolete in whole or in part at any time without notice.
TP 690 690E (Revised 10/2007) TC-10 TC-1002457
You may rep reprodu oduce this guide ide as requ equired ired and and it can can be foun ound at http://www htt p://www.tc.gc.ca/C .tc.gc.ca/CivilAviation/general/Exams/guides/m ivilAviation/general/Exams/guides/menu.htm enu.htm
i
TABLE OF CONTENTS GENERAL...................... GENERAL ................................................. ..................................................... .................................................... ............................................ .................. 1
KNOWLEDGE REQUIR RE QUIREME EMENTS NTS .......... ............... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ........ ... 1 E XAMINATION XAMINAT ION RULE RU LES S .................................................. ............................................................................ ........................................... ................. 1 TIME LIMI LIMIT.. T.... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .... .. 1 REWRITING RE WRITING OF EXAMINATIONS EXAMINATI ONS .......... ............... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ....... 1 E XAMINATION XAMINAT ION F E E DBACK ................................................ ......................................................................... ...................................... ............. 1 EXAMINATIONS....................................................................... EXAMINATIONS............................................ ...................................................... ...................................... ........... 2
CONVERSION EXAMINATIO EXAMINATION N – FAA AIRLINE TRANSPORT TRANSP ORT P ILOT CERTIF CE RTIFICATE ICATE – AEROP AE ROP LANE .......... ............... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .....2 2 SECTIO SE CTION N 1: 1: AIR LAW AND PROCE PR OCEDURE DURES S .......... ............... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .....3 3 SECTION SEC TION 2: 2: AIRFRAMES, AIRFRAMES, ENGIN E NGINES, ES, PROP P ROPELLER ELLERS S AND AIRCR AIR CRAF AFT T SY STE ST E MS .................................................. ............................................................................ ........................................... ................. 16 SECTIO SE CTION N 3: METEORO METE OROLOGY LOGY .......... ............... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .....1 17 SECT SE CTION ION 4: INSTR INS TRUME UMENTS NTS .................................................. ............................................................................ ................................ ...... 20 SECTIO SE CTION N 5: NAVIGATION – GENER GE NERAL AL..... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .....21 21 SECTIO SE CTION N 6: 6: RADIO COMMUNICATIONS COMMUNICATIO NS AND AIDS TO NAVIGATION NAVIGATION .......... .............. ...... 22 SECTIO SE CTION N 7: FLIGHT FL IGHT OPER OP ERATIONS ATIONS .......... ............... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ....... 23 SECTIO SE CTION N 8: THEORY THE ORY OF FLIGHT FL IGHT .......... ............... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ........ ... 24 SECT SE CTION ION 9: HUMAN F ACTOR AC TORS S ................................................ ......................................................................... ............................. .... 25 SECTIO SE CTION N 10: TABLES TABLE S AND CHARTS CHAR TS .......... ............... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... .......... ........ ... 26 RECOMMENDED RECOMMENDED STUDY STUDY MATERIAL ................................................. ......................................................................... ........................ 38 ENQUIRIES ENQUIRIES .................................................... .............................................................................. ..................................................... .................................... ......... 38
ii
GENERAL Sections with sidebars indicate new topic areas.
KNOWLEDGE REQUIREMENTS REQUIREMENTS An applicant for an ATPL-A is expected to have mastered the various subjects included in this guide in addition to to material material required to obtain obtain a Comm ommercial P ilot Licence – Aeroplane (see TP 12881E). EXAMINATION RULES CAR 400.02 (1) E xcept as authoriz authorized ed by an invigilator, no person person shall, shall, or shall shall attempt attempt to, in respect respect of a written examination:
(2)
a)
copy or remove from any place all or any portion of the text of the examination; examination;
b)
give to or accept from any person person a copy of all or any portion of the text of the examination;
c)
give help to or accept accept help from any person during the examination; examination;
d)
complete complete all or any portion of the examination examination on behalf of any other person; person; or
e)
use any aid or written written material material during the examination. examination.
A person person who commits commits an act prohibited under subsection subsection (1) fails the the examination examination and may not take any other examination for a period of one year.
TIME LIMIT Examinations, including all sections of a sectionalized examination, that are required for the issuance of a permit or licence or for the endorsement of a permit or licence with a rating shall be completed during the 24-month period immediately preceding the date of the application for the permit, licence or rating. REWRITING REWRITING OF EXAMINATIONS EXA MINATIONS CAR 400.04
(1)
A person person who fails an examination examination or a section section of a sectionaliz sectionalized ed examination examination required for the issuance of a flight crew permit, licence, rating or foreign licence validation certificate is ineligible to rewrite the examination or the failed section for a period of a)
in the case of a first failure, 14 days;
b)
in the case of a second failure, 30 days; and
c)
in the case case of a third or subsequent subsequent failure, 30 days plus an additional 30 days for each failure in excess of two failures, up to a maximum of 180 days.
EXAMINATION FEEDBACK Feedback statement on the results letter will inform the candidate where questions were answered incorrectly. Example of Feedback Statement Identify the atmospheric conditions favourable to thunderstorm formation.
1
EXAMINATIONS The examinations are as follows:
Examination Aviation Regulations and Air Traffic Procedures, Aeroplane Operations and General Navigation – SARON
Examination Meteorology, Radio Aids to Navigation and Flight Planning – SAMRA
Questions
Time Limit
Pass Mark
80
3½ hours
70%
Questions
Time Limit
Pass Mark
80
3½ hours
70%
The Instrument Rating (INRAT) examination must also be written and passed (70%) to obtain an Airline Transport Pilot Licence – Aeroplane (ATPL-A). CONVERSION EXAMINATION – FAA AIRLINE TRANSPORT PILOT CERTIFICATE – AEROPLANE Pilots who hold an United States of America Airline Transport Pilot certificate – Aeroplane, which has not been “Issued on the basis...” of another foreign licence, may demonstrate their knowledge by writing the following Transport Canada multiple choice examination: Examination Air Law and Procedures (FAAAA)
Questions
Time Limit
Pass Mark
25
1½ hour
70%
The FAAAA examination is based on subjects contained in the Air Law and Procedures section of this Study and Reference Guide and the conversion examination topics in the Instrument Rating Study and Reference Guide (TP 691E).
2
SECTION 1: A IR LAW AND PROCEDURES CANADIAN AVIATION REGULATIONS (CARs)
Some Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs) refer to their associated standards. Questions from the CARs may test knowledge from the regulation or the standard.
PART I – GENERAL PROVISIONS 101 – INTERPRETATION 101.01
Interpretation
103 – ADMINISTRATION AND COMPLIANCE 103.02 103.03 103.04 103.12
Inspection of Aircraft, Requests for Production of Documents and Prohibitions Return of Canadian Aviation Documents Record Keeping Definition of “Principal”
106 – ACCOUNTABLE EXECUTIVE 106.01 106.02 106.03 106.04
Application Appointment and acceptance Accountability More than one certificate
107 – SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS 107.01 107.02 107.03 107.04
Application Establishing a safety management system Safety management system Size
PART II – AIRCRAFT IDENTIFICATION AND REGISTRATION AND OPERATION OF A LEASED AIRCRAFT BY A NON-REGISTERED OWNER 203 – OPERATION OF A LEASED AIRCRAFT BY A NON-REGISTERED OWNER 203.02 203.03 203.04 203.05 203.06 203.07 203.08 203.09
Application Leasing Operations – General Leasing Operations – International Registration of Leased Aircraft Forwarding of Airworthiness Directives Maximum Number of Leased Aircraft Limits on Period of Operation under Authorization Submission of Signed Lease
3
PART III – A ERODROMES AND AIRPORTS 300 – INTERPRETATION 300.01
Interpretation
301 – AERODROMES 301.01 301.04 301.06 301.07 301.08 301.09
Application Markers and Markings Wind Direction Indicator Lighting P rohibitions Fire Prevention
302 – AIRPORTS 302.10 302.11
P rohibitions Fire Prevention
PART IV – PERSONNEL LICENSING AND TRAINING 400 – GENERAL 400.01
Interpretation
401 – FLIGHT CREW PERMITS, LICENSES AND RATINGS 401.03 401.04 401.05 401.08 401.10 401.11 401.34 401.47 401.48 401.52 401.53 401.61
Requirements to Hold a Flight Crew Permit, Licence or Rating Flight Crew Members of Aircraft Registered in Contracting States Other than Canada Recency Requirements Personal Logs Crediting of Flight Time Acquired by a Co-pilot Airline Transport Licence Training Program ATP L Privileges – Aeroplane Instrument Rating Privileges Instrument Rating Period of Validity Second Officer Rating Second Officer Privileges Flight Instructor Rating
404 – MEDICAL REQUIREMENTS 404.03 404.04 404.06 404.10 404.18
Requirement to Hold a Medical Certificate Issuance, Renewal and Validity Period of Medical Certificate Prohibitions Regarding Exercise of Privileges Medical Certificate Requirements for Personnel Licences Permission to Continue to Exercise the Privileges of a Licence or Rating
4
PART V – AIRWORTHINESS STANDARDS AIR WORTHINESS MANUAL CHAPTER 525 – TRANSPORT CATEGORY AIRPLANES SUB-CHAPTER D – DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION 525.855 Cargo and Baggage Compartments 525.857 Cargo Compartment Classification
PART VI – GENERAL OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES 600 – INTERPRETATION 600.01
Interpretation
601 – AIRSPACE STRUCTURE , CLASSIFICATION AND USE 601.01 601.02 601.03 601.04 601.05 601.06 601.07 601.08 601.09 601.14 601.15 601.16 601.17 601.18 601.20 601.21 601.22
Airspace Structure Airspace Classification Transponder Airspace IFR or VFR Flight in Class F Special Use Restricted Airspace or Class F Special Use Advisory Airspace IFR Flight in Class A, B, C, D or E Airspace or Class F Special Use Restricted or Advisory Controlled Airspace VFR Flight in Class A Airspace VFR Flight in Class B Airspace VFR Flight in Class C Airspace VFR Flight in Class D Airspace Interpretation Forest Fire Aircraft Operating Restrictions Issuance of NOTAM for Forest Fire Aircraft Operating Restrictions Exceptions Orders Prohibiting or Restricting Aircraft Operations Projection of a Directed Bright Light Source at an Aircraft Requirement for Notification Requirement for Pilot-in-Command
5
602 – OPERATING AND FLIGHT RULES 602.01 602.02 602.03 602.04 602.06 602.07 602.08 602.09 602.10 602.11 602.12 602.13 602.14 602.15 602.17 602.19 602.20 602.21 602.22 602.23 602.24 602.25 602.26 602.27 602.28 602.30 602.31 602.32 602.33 602.34 602.35 602.36 602.37 602.38 602.39 602.40
Reckless or Negligent Operation of Aircraft Fitness of Flight Crew Members Alcohol or Drugs – Crew Members Alcohol or Drugs – Passengers Smoking Aircraft Operating Limitations Portable Electronic Devices Fueling with Engines Running Starting and Ground Running of Aircraft Engines Aircraft Icing Overflight of Built-up Areas or Open-Air Assemblies of Persons during Take-offs, Approaches and Landings Take-offs, Approaches and Landings within Built-up Areas of Cities and Towns Minimum Altitudes and Distances Permissible Low Altitude Flight Carriage of Persons during Low Altitude Flight Right-of-Way – General Right-of-Way – Aircraft Manoeuvering on Water Avoidance of Collision Towing Dropping of Objects Formation Flight Entering or Leaving an Aircraft in Flight Parachute Descents Aerobatic Maneuvers – Prohibited Areas and Flight Conditions Aerobatic Maneuvers with Passengers Fuel Dumping Compliance with Air Traffic Control Instructions and Clearances Airspeed Limitations Supersonic Flight Cruising Altitudes and Cruising Flight Levels Altimeter Setting and Operating Procedures in the Altimeter-Setting Region Altimeter Setting and Operating Procedures in the Standard Pressure Region Altimeter Setting and Operating Procedures in Transition between Regions Flight over the High Seas Transoceanic Flight Landing at or Take-off from an Aerodrome at Night
OPERATIONAL AND EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS 602.58 602.59 602.60 602.61 602.62 602.63
P rohibition Equipment Standards Requirements for Power-driven Aircraft Survival Equipment – Flights Over Land Life Preservers and Flotation Devices Life Rafts and Survival Equipment – Flights over Water
6
FLIGHT PREPARATION, FLIGHT PLANS AND FLIGHT ITINERARIES 602.70 602.71 602.72 602.73 602.74 602.75 602.76 602.77 602.78 602.79 602.86 602.87 602.88 602.89
Interpretation Pre-flight Information Weather Information Requirement to File a Flight Plan or a Flight Itinerary Contents of a Flight Plan or Flight Itinerary Filing of a Flight Plan or Flight Itinerary Changes in the Flight Plan Requirement to File an Arrival Report Contents of an Arrival Report Overdue Aircraft Report Carry-on Baggage, Equipment and Cargo Crew Member Instructions Fuel Requirements Passenger Briefings
OPERATIONS AT OR IN THE VICINITY OF AN AERODROME 602.96 602.97 602.98 602.99 602.100 602.101 602.102 602.103 602.104
General VFR and IFR Aircraft Operations at Uncontrolled Aerodromes within an MF Area General MF Reporting Requirements MF Reporting Procedures before Entering Maneuvering Area MF Reporting Procedures on Departure MF Reporting Procedures on Arrival MF Reporting Procedures When Flying Continuous Circuits Reporting Procedures When Flying Through an MF Area Reporting Procedures for IFR Aircraft When Approaching or Landing at an Uncontrolled Aerodrome 602.105 Noise Operating Criteria 602.106 Noise-Restricted Runways VISUAL FLIGHT RULES 602.114 602.115 602.116 602.117
Minimum Visual Meteorological Conditions for VFR Flight in Controlled Airspace Minimum Visual Meteorological Conditions for VFR Flight in Uncontrolled Airspace VFR Over-the-Top Special VFR Flight
INSTRUMENT FLIGHT RULES 602.121 602.122 602.123 602.124 602.125 602.126 602.127 602.128 602.129 602.130
General Requirements Alternate Aerodrome Requirements Alternate Aerodrome Weather Minimum Altitudes to Ensure Obstacle Clearance Enroute IFR Position Reports Take-off Minima Instrument Approaches Landing Minima Approach Ban – General Approach Ban – Cat III
7
RADIOCOMMUNICATIONS 602.136 Continuous Listening Watch 602.137 Two-way Radio communication Failure in IFR Flight 602.138 Two-way Radio communication Failure in VFR Flight EMERGENCY COMMUNICATION AND SECURITY 602.143 602.144 602.145 602.146
Emergency Radio Frequency Capability Interception Signals, Interception of Aircraft and Instructions to Land ADIZ ESCAT Plan
604 – PRIVATE OPERATOR PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION
GENERAL 604.01 604.02 604.03 604.04 604.05 604.06 604.07
Interpretation Application Certificate Management System Contents of a Certificate Issuance of Authorizations Ministerial Orders if Safety Compromised
FLIGHT OPERATIONS AND TRAINING 604.21 604.22 604.23 604.24 604.25 604.26 604.27
VFR Flight Minimum Flight Visibility – Uncontrolled Airspace No Alternate Aerodrome – IFR Flight Take-off Minima Instrument Approach Procedures Navigation System Training Program Aircraft Operating Manual
605 – AIRCRAFT RE QUIREMENTS 605.03 605.04 605.05 605.06 605.07 605.08 605.09 605.10
Flight Authority Availability of Aircraft Flight Manual Markings and Placards Aircraft Equipment Standards and Serviceability Minimum Equipment Lists Unserviceable and Removed Equipment – General Unserviceable and Removed Equipment – Aircraft with a Minimum Equipment List Unserviceable and Removed Equipment – Aircraft without a Minimum Equipment List
8
AIRCRAFT EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS 605.14 605.15 605.16 605.17 605.22 605.23 605.24 605.25 605.26 605.27 605.28 605.29 605.30 605.31 605.32 605.33 605.34 605.35 605.36 605.37 605.38 605.39 605.40 605.41 605.84 605.85 605.86 605.87 605.88
Power-driven Aircraft – Day VFR Power-driven Aircraft – VFR OTT Power-driven Aircraft – Night VFR Use of Position and Anti-collision Lights Seat and Safety-Belt Requirements Restraint System Requirements Shoulder Harness Requirements General Use of Safety Belts and Restraints System Use of Passenger Safety Belts and Restraint Systems Use of Crew Member Safety Belts Child Restraint System Flight Control Locks De-icing or Anti-icing Equipment Oxygen Equipment and Supply Use of Oxygen Flight Data Recorder and Cockpit Voice Recorder Requirements Use of Flight Data Recorders and Cockpit Voice Recorders Transponder and Automatic Pressure-Altitude Reporting Equipment Altitude Alerting System or Device Ground Proximity Warning System ELT Use of ELTs ELT Activation Standby Attitude Indicator Aircraft Maintenance – General Maintenance Release and Elementary Work Maintenance Schedule Transfer of Aeronautical Products Between Maintenance Schedules Inspection after Abnormal Occurrences
TECHNICAL RECORD 605.93 605.94 605.95 605.96 605.97
Technical Records – General J ourney Log Requirements J ourney Log – Carrying on Board Requirements for Technical Records Other Than the J ourney Log Transfer of Records
606 – MISCELLANEOUS 606.01 606.02 606.03
Munitions of War Liability Insurance Synthetic Flight Training Equipment
9
PART VII – COMMERCIAL AIR SERVICES 700 – COMMERCIAL AIR SERVICES 700.01 700.02 700.03 700.04 700.05 700.06 700.07 700.08 700.09
Interpretation Requirements for Air Operator Certificate Authorization to Operate Specialty Air Service under NAFTA Eligibility for Air Operator Certificate Aircraft Requirements Extended Charter Management Agreement Operations between Points Abroad Duties of Certificate Holder
FLIGHT TIME AND FLIGHT DUTY TIME LIMITATIONS AND REST PERIODS 700.14 700.15 700.16 700.17 700.18 700.19 700.20 700.21 700.22 700.23
Monitoring System Flight Time Limitations Flight Duty Time Limitations and Rest Periods Unforeseen Operational Circumstances Delayed Reporting Time Requirements for Time Free from Duty Flight Crew Positioning Flight Crew Members on Reserve Long Range Flights Controlled Rest on the Flight Deck
704 – COMMUTER OPERATIONS 704.01
Application
FLIGHT OPER ATIONS 704.12 704.13 704.15 704.16 704.17 704.19 704.20 704.21 704.22 704.23 704.24 704.25 704.26 704.27 704.29 704.30 704.32 704.33
Operating Instructions General Operational Information Operational Control System Flight Authorization Operational Flight Plan Checklist Fuel Requirements Admission to Flight Deck Simulations of Emergency Situations VFR Flight Obstacle Clearance Requirements VFR Flight Minimum Flight Visibility – Uncontrolled Airspace VFR Flight Weather Conditions Take-off Minima No Alternate Aerodrome – IFR Flight Routes in Uncontrolled Airspace Instrument Approach Procedures Weight and Balance Control Apron and Cabin Safety Procedures 10
704.34 704.35
Briefing of Passengers Safety Features Card
AIRCRAFT PERF ORMANCE OPERATION LIMITATIONS 704.46 704.47 704.48 704.49 704.50
Take-off Weight Limitations Net Take-Off Flight Path Enroute Limitations with One Engine Inoperative Dispatch Limitations: Landing at Destination and Alternate Aerodromes Dispatch Limitations: Wet Runway – Turbo-jet-powered Aeroplanes
AIRCRAFT EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS 704.62 704.63 704.64 704.65 704.66 704.67 704.68
General Requirements Operation of Aircraft in Icing Conditions Airborne Thunderstorm Detection and Weather Radar Equipment Additional Equipment for Single-Pilot Operations Protective Breathing Equipment First Aid Oxygen Shoulder Harness
EMERGENCY E QUIPMENT 704.83 704.84
Hand-Held Fire Extinguisher Equipment Standards and Inspection
PERSONNEL R EQUIREMENTS 704.106 704.107 704.108 704.109 704.110 704.111
Minimum Crew Designation of Pilot-in-command and Second-in-command Flight Crew Member Qualifications Qualifications of Operational Control Personnel Check Authority Validity Period
TRAINING 704.115 Training Program 704.116 Conditional Approval of Training Program 704.117 Training and Qualification Records MANUALS 704.122 Distribution of Company Operations Manual 704.123 Aircraft Operating Manual 704.124 Standard Operating Procedures 705
−
AIRLINE OPERATION
705.01
Application
11
FLIGHT OPERATIONS 705.16 705.20 705.21 705.22 705.23 705.24 705.25 705.26 705.27 705.28 705.29 705.30 705.31 705.32 705.33 705.34 705.35 705.37 705.38 705.39 705.40 705.42 705.43 705.44 705.45 705.46
Exceptions Operational Control System Flight Authorization Operational Flight Plan Maintenance of Aircraft Checklist Fuel Requirements Extended Range Twin-engined Operations Admission to the Flight Deck Seats for Cabin Safety Inspectors Flight Crew Members at Controls Simulation of Emergency Situations Crew Member Briefing VFR Flight Obstacle Clearance Requirements VFR Flight Weather Conditions Take-off Minima No Alternate Aerodrome – IFR Flight Routes in Uncontrolled Airspace Instrument Approach Procedures Weight and Balance Control Passenger and Cabin Safety Procedures Carry-on Baggage Briefing of Passengers Safety Features Card Closing and Locking of Flight Deck Door Night VFR Flight – Aeroplane
AIRCRAFT PERF ORMANCE OPERATING LIMITATIONS 705.55 705.56 705.57 705.58 705.59 705.60 705.61
General Requirements Take-off Weight Requirements Net Take-off Flight Path Enroute Limitations with One Engine Operative Enroute Limitations with Two Engines Inoperative Dispatch Limitations: Landing at Destination and Alternate Aerodromes Dispatch Limitations: Wet Runway – Turbo-jet-powered Aeroplanes
AIRCRAFT EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS 705.67 705.68 705.69 705.70 705.71 705.72 705.73 705.74 705.75 705.76 705.78 705.79
General Requirements Landing Lights Operation of Aircraft in Icing Conditions Weather Radar Equipment Protective Breathing Equipment First Aid Oxygen Interphone System Public Address System Crew Member Shoulder Harness Lavatory Fire Protection Floor Proximity Emergency Escape Path Markings Flashlight Stowage 12
705.80 705.81
Doors and Locks Cargo and Baggage Compartment Fire Protection
EMERGENCY E QUIPMENT 705.89 705.90 705.91 705.92 705.93 705.94 705.95 705.96 705.97
Megaphones First Aid Kits Emergency Medical Kit Crash Axe Hand-held Fire Extinguishers Portable Oxygen Survival Equipment Inspection Requirements Flashlights
PERSONNEL R EQUIREMENTS 705.103 705.104 705.106 705.107 705.108 705.111 705.113
Designation of Pilot-in-Command and Second-in-Command Flight Attendant Requirements Pilot Qualifications Flight Engineer and Second Officer Qualifications Crew Pairing Route and Aerodrome Qualifications Validity Period
TRAINING 705.124 705.125 705.126 705.127
Training Program Conditional Approval of Training Program Cabin Emergency Evacuation Trainer Training and Qualification Records
MANUALS 705.136 Distribution of Company Operations Manual 705.137 Aircraft Operating Manual 705.138 Standard Operating Procedures SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 705.151 705.152 705.753 705.154
Requirements Components of the Safety Management System Person Managing the Safety Management System Holder of More Than One Certificate
13
CANADIAN MINIMUM NAVIGATION PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS (CMNPS) AIRSPACE
NOTAM TC AIM TRANSPORTATION SAFETY BOARD OF CANADA (TSB) – TC AIM GEN 3.0
1 General 2 Partial or Complete Loss of Navigation Capability 3 Position Reporting
AIR TRAFFIC SERVICES A ND PROCEDURES
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Air Traffic and Advisory Services Flight Service Stations Communications Procedures Radar Service ATC Clearances and Instructions ESCAT Plan Wake Turbulence Separation Airport/Aerodrome Operations – Uncontrolled Airport/Aerodrome Operations – Controlled Mandatory and Aerodrome Traffic Frequencies VFR En Route Procedures VFR Holding Procedures Land and Hold Short Operations (LAHSO)
CANADIAN MINIMUM NAVIGATION PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS (CMNPS) CERTIFICATION
1 2 3 4
General Certification Navigation System Requirements Transition Between CMNP S Airspace and the Canadian Domestic Airway Structure 5 Separation Minima ATC SPECIAL PROCEDURES
1 2 3 4 5
OPERATIONS IN HIGH LEVEL DOMESTIC AIRSPACE
6 7 8
1 2 3 4 5 6
Altimeter Setting Procedures Cruising Altitudes Mach Number/TAS Changes High Level Holding Procedures Profile Descent Leaving or Entering Uncontrolled Airspace 7 Uncontrolled Airspace Procedures
Adherence to Mach Number Parallel and Offset Procedures Structured Airspace Required Navigation Performance Capability Airspace (RNPC) Canadian Minimum Navigation Performance Specifications Airspace (CMNPS) Canadian Domestic Routes Canadian Track Structures Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance Systems (TCAS)
NORTH ATLANTIC OPERATIONS
1 2 3 4
General Aviation Aircraft North American Routes (NAR ) NAT Organized Track System Flight Rules and Flight Planning Procedures 5 Clearances, Position Reports, Communications Failure 6 Transponder Operation
14
REDUCED VERTICAL SEPERATION MINIMA (RVSM)
1 2 3 4 5
OTHER LEGISLATION
1 Canada Transportation Act, Part II – Air Transportation Licences, Prohibitions (section 57); Air Transportation Regulations (sections 3 and 7) 2 Canada Labour Code Part II – Occupational Safety & Health, Employee Rights & Duties (sections 126, 127 and 128) 3 Transportation of Dangerous Goods by Air (TC AIM – RAC Annex 3.0)
General RVSM Airspace RVSM Transition Airspace Air Traffic Control (ATC) Procedures Aircraft Requirements
INTERNATIONAL FLIGHT PROCEDURES
1 Entry, Transit and Departure of Aircraft (TC AIM – FAL 2.0)
15
SECTION 2: AIRFRAMES, ENGINES, PROPELL ERS AND AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS AIRFRAMES
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
PROPELLERS
Flight Controls Flaps Slots/Slats/Leading Edge Devices Spoilers Wing Fences Winglets Canards Vortex Generators Trimming Devices
1 Propeller Thrust and Torque 2 Geometric and Effective Pitch 3 Slipstream, Gyroscopic Effect and Asymmetric Thrust 4 Controls 5 Ground and Flight Range 6 Constant Speed 7 Feathering 8 Reversing
ENGINES AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS
1 Principles of Reciprocating Engines 2 Handling Procedures for Reciprocating Engines 3 Principles of Turbo-prop Engines 4 Handling Procedures for Turbo-prop Engines 5 Principles of Turbo-jet Engines 6 Handling and Procedures for Turbo-jet Engines 7 Engine Controls 8 Full Authority Digital Engine Control (FADEC)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
16
Fuel Oil Electrical Hydraulic Pneumatic Warning (e.g. Ice, Fire, GP WS and Altitude Alert) Fire Protection Heating De-icing and Anti-icing Oxygen Air Conditioning Pressurization Landing Gear and Brakes Autopilot Avionics Flight Controls
SECTION 3: METEOROLOGY THE EARTH’S ATMOSPHERE
STABILITY AND INSTABILITY
1 Properties 2 Vertical Structure 3 ICAO Standard Atmosphere
1 2 3 4 5 6
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE
1 2 3 4 5 6
Pressure Measurements Station Pressure Mean Sea Level Pressure Pressure Systems and their Variations Effects of Temperature Horizontal Pressure Differences
CLOUDS
1 2 3 4
METEOROLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ALTIMETRY
1 2 3 4 5
Classification Formation Types and Recognition Associated Precipitation and Turbulence
TURBULENCE
Pressure Altitude Density Altitude True Altitude Altimeter Setting Effects of both Pressure and Temperature
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
TEMPERATURE
Convection Mechanical Orographic Clear Air Turbulence VIRGA – Evaporation Cooling Reporting Criteria Mountain Waves
WIND
1 Heating and Cooling of the Atmosphere – Convection/ Advection/Radiation 2 Horizontal Differences 3 Temperature Variations with Altitude 4 Inversions 5 Isothermal Layers
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
MOISTURE
1 2 3 4 5
Lapse Rate and Stability Modification of Stability Characteristics of Stable/Unstable Air Surface Heating and Cooling Lifting Process Subsidence/Convergence
Relative Humidity/Dewpoint Sublimation/Condensation Cloud Formation Precipitation Saturated/Dry Adiabatic Lapse Rates
17
Pressure Gradient Deflection Caused by the Earth’s Rotation Low Level Winds – Variation in Surface Wind Friction Centrifugal Force Veer and Back Squalls and Gusts Diurnal Effects Land and Sea Breezes Katabatic/Anabatic Effects Topographical Effects Wind Shear, Types and Causes
THUNDERSTORMS
JET STREAMS
1 2 3 4
Frontal J et Streams Wind Distribution / Location Temperature Distribution Seasonal Variations in Latitude and Speed 5 Arctic Stratospheric J ets 6 Subtropical J et Streams 7 Turbulence
1 Requirements for Development 2 Life Cycle 3 Classification – Air Mass, Frontal, Squall Line, Convective, Orographic and Nocturnal 4 Tornadoes and Hurricanes 5 Hazards – Turbulence, Hail, Rain, Icing, Altimetry, Lightning, Gust Fronts, Downbursts and Microbursts
AIR MASSES
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Definition and Characteristics Formation Classification Modification Factors that Determine Weather Seasonal and Geographic Effects Air Masses Affecting North America
SURFACE BASED LAYERS
1 2 3 4
METEOROLOGICAL SERVICES AVA ILA BL E TO PILOTS
FRONTS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 2 3 4 5
Structure Types Formation Cross-sections Discontinuities Across Fronts Frontal Waves and Occlusions Frontogenesis and Frontolysis
6 7 8 9 10
FRONTAL WEATHER
1 2 3 4
Warm Front Cold Front Stationary Front TROWAL and Upper Fronts
AIRCRAFT ICING
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Fog Formation Fog Types Haze and Smoke Blowing Obstructions to Vision
Formation Type of Ice Reporting Criteria Cloud Types and Icing Freezing Rain and Drizzle Icing in Clear Air (Hoar Frost) Collection Efficiency Aerodynamic Heating
18
Aviation Weather Briefing Service (AWBS) Aviation Weather Information Service (AWIS) Flight Service Stations (FSS) Weather Broadcasts by Flight Service Stations Atmospheric Environment Service Weather Briefing Transcribed Weather Broadcasts (TWB) DUATS – Commercial Weather Service Automatic Terminal Information Service (ATS) VOLMET (HF) Broadcast Pilots Automatic Telephone Reporting Criteria, Cloud Types and Icing Weather Answering Service (PATWAS)
WEATHER MAPS AND PROGNOSTIC CHARTS
AVIA TION WEA THER REPORTS
1 Aviation Routine Weather Report (METAR) 2 SPECI 3 Decoding 4 AWOS 5 Pilot Reports (PIREP /AIREP)
1 2 3 4 5
Times Issued / Validity Periods Symbols/Decoding Surface Weather Map Prognostic Surface Chart Upper Level Charts – ANAL (850mb, 700mb, 500mb & 250mb) 6 Upper Level Charts – PROG (FL240, FL340, FL450) 7 Significant Weather Prognostic Chart FL100-250 (700-400mb) & FL250-600 (400-100mb)
AVIA TION FORECA STS
1 Times Issued / Validity Periods 2 Decoding 3 Graphical Area Forecasts (GFA) /AIRMET 4 Terminal Area Forecasts (TAF) 5 Upper Level Winds and Temperature Forecasts (FD) 6 Significant In-flight Weather Warning Message (SIGMET)
19
SECTION 4: INSTRUMENTS FLIGHT INSTRUMENTS – PRINCIPLES AND OPERATIONAL USE
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
ENGINE INSTRUMENTS – PRINCIPLES AND USE
Pitot Static System Airspeed Indicator Machmeter Altimeter and Encoding Altimeter Radio/Radar Altimeter Outside Air Temperature Turn-and-bank Indicator / Turn Co-ordinator Vertical Speed Indicator (VSI) Heading Indicator Attitude Indicator (AI) Flight Director Radio Magnetic Indicator (RMI) Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI) Angle of Attack Indicator
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Tachometer Manifold Pressure Oil Pressure Oil Temperature Exhaust Gas Temperature Cylinder Head Temperature Carburetor Air Temperature Intake Air Temperature Fuel Pressure Fuel Flow Torquemeter Engine Pressure Ratio (EP R) Turbine Temperature (ITT/TIT)
AIRCRAFT COMPASS SYSTEMS
1 2 3 4
FLIGHT MANAGEMENT INSTRUMENTS
1 Flight Management System (FMS) 2 Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS) 3 Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitoring (ECAM)
20
Construction Use Limitations and Faults Gyromagnetic Remote Indicating Compass
SECTION 5: NAVIGATION – GENERAL COMPUTERIZED FLIGHT PLANS
NAVIGATION TERMS
1 2 3 4
1 Decode 2 Analysis and Interpolation
Air Position Great Circle Rhumb Line Greenwich Hour Angle
EN ROUTE NAVIGATION
1 Use of Aeronautical Charts 2 Calculation of Heading and Groundspeed 3 Use of Radio Aids to Determine Position and Transferring Position Lines 4 Gyro Steering Techniques in Areas of Compass Unreliability 5 Maintaining Flight Log (Air Position) 6 Determination of Wind Velocity
MAPS AND CHARTS
1 Lambert Conformal 2 Transverse Mercator 3 Enroute Low and High Altitude Charts TIME AND LONGITUDE
1 Time Zones and Relation to Longitude FLIGHT PLANNING CALCULA TIONS AND FORMS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Heading and True Airspeed Wind and Windspeed IAS-CAS-EAS-TAS Track and Groundspeed Mach Time Weight and Balance Flight Planned Fuel Requirements Fuel Load/Zero Fuel Weight Pay Load/Weight Shift Critical Point (CP ) Equal Time Point (ETP ) Flight Plans Flight Itinerary
21
SECTION 6: RADIO COMMUNICATIONS AND AIDS TO NAVIGATION BA SIC PRINCIPLES AND USE RADIO
NAVIGATION SYSTEMS
1 Elementary Theory 2 Wave Length and Frequency 3 Frequency Bands Used in Communication and Navigation 4 Characteristics of Low, High and Very High Frequency Radio Waves 5 Ground Waves and Sky Waves 6 Skip Distance 7 Reflection and Refraction 8 Night Effect
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
AIRCRAFT RADIO TRANSCEIVERS
1 VHF 2 HF 3 DATALINK
APPROA CH AIDS
1 Instrument Landing System (ILS) 2 Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS – GPS) 3 Surveillance Radar (ASR & AASR) 4 Precision Approach Radar (PAR) 5 Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) 6 VASIS/PAPI
SELECTIVE CALL SYSTEM (SELCAL)
1 VHF 2 HF EMERGENCY LOCA TOR TRANSMITTER (ELT)
1 2 3 4 5 6
Requirements Testing Flight Planning Accidental Transmission Pilot Response to Signals Downed Aircraft Procedures
TRANSPONDERS ACA S/TCAS
1 2 3 4 5
RADAR
1 2 3 4
Automatic Direction Finder (ADF) VHF Omnidirectional Range (VOR) Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) Co-located VOR and TACAN (VORTAC) Long Range Area Navigation (LORAN C) Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS – GPS) Very High Frequency Direction Finding (VHF – DF) Area Navigation System (RNAV) Inertial Navigation System (INS) Inertial Reference System (IRS)
Elementary Theory Primary Returns Secondary Returns Weather Radar
22
General Use of TCAS/ACAS Pilot Immunity from Enforcement Action Pilot/Controller Actions Pilot and Controller Interchange
SECTION 7: FLIGHT OPERATIONS ATMOSPHERIC EFFECTS IN FLIGHT
1 2 3 4
CRITICAL SURFACE CONTAMINATION
ICAO Standard Atmosphere Temperature and Pressure / Air Density Humidity/Rain Cold Temperature Corrections
PERFORMANCE
1 Indicated and True Stalling Speeds 2 Slow Speed Flight Characteristics – Turbo-prop – Turbo-jet 3 High Speed Flight Characteristic – Turbo-prop – Turbo-jet 4 Relationship of Speed to Angle of Attack 5 Cruising for Range/Endurance 6 Flight Performance “V” Speeds – Definition and Use 7 Weight and Balance – Load Adjustment 8 Effect of Changes in Weight and Load Distribution 9 Hydroplaning 10 Wind Shear – Effects and Avoidance 11 Landing Techniques
WAKE TURBULENCE
1 Causes and Effects 2 Avoidance Procedures 3 Separation Criteria and Waiver FLIGHT MANUAL
1 Approved Information VOLCANIC ASH
1 Hazards AIRMANSHIP/RULES OF THUMB
CHARTS AND GRAPHS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 Clean Aircraft Concept – P ractices and Techniques 2 Frozen Contaminants Including Cold-Soaking Phenomenon 3 De-icing and Anti-icing Fluids 4 De-icing and Anti-icing Procedures 5 Variables that Can Influence Holdover Time 6 Critical Surface Inspections 7 Pre-take-off Inspection 8 Health Affects 9 Application Guideline Tables
1 General
Weight and Balance Take-off Climb Cruise Buffet Boundary Descent Landing Crosswind Weight, Altitude, Temperature (WAT), Takeoff/Landing Performance Charts
23
SECTION 8: THEORY OF FLIGHT FORCES ACTING ON AN AEROPLANE
WING DESIGN
1 Load Factor 2 Relationship of Weight and Load Factor to Stalling 3 Gust Loads 4 Stability 5 Lift/Weight/Thrust/Drag
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
24
Wing Tip Vortices Sweepback Leading and Trailing Edge Flaps Winglets Canards Vortex Generators Wing Fences Spoilers
SECTION 9: HUMAN FACTORS AVIA TION PHYSIOL OGY
PILOT – EQUIPMENT/MATERIALS RELATIONSHIP
1 Hypoxia/Hyperventilation 2 Gas Expansion Effects 3 Decompression (Including SCUBA Diving) 4 Vision/Visual Scanning Techniques 5 Hearing 6 Orientation/Disorientation (Including Visual and Vestibular Illusions) 7 Positive and Negative “G” 8 Circadian Rhythms/J et Lag 9 Sleep/Fatigue
1 Controls and Displays – Errors in Interpretation and Control – Information Selection: e.g. “glass” cockpits 2 Alerting and Warning Systems – Appropriate Selection and Set Up – False Indications – Distractions and Responses 3 Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) 4 Correct Use of Charts, Checklists and Manuals 5 Cockpit Visibility and Eye Reference Position/Seat Position 6 Automation and Complacency
THE PILOT AND THE OPERATING ENVIRONMENT
1 Personal Health Exercise / Fitness 2 Obesity/Diet/Nutrition 3 Medications (Prescribed and Over-the-Counter) 4 Substance Abuse (Alcohol and Drugs) 5 Pregnancy 6 Heat/Cold 7 Noise/Vibration 8 Effects of Smoking 9 Toxic Hazards (Including Carbon Monoxide)
INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS
1 Communications with Flight and Cabin Crew/Passengers/ Company Management/Flight Operations/Maintenance Personnel/Air Traffic Services 2 Crew Problem Solving and Decision Making 3 Crew Management / Small Group Dynamics 4 Operating Pressures Family / Peer Group / Employer
AVIA TION PSYCHOL OGY
CREW RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (CRM)
1 The Decision-Making Process 2 Factors That Influence Decision-Making 3 Situational Awareness 4 Stress 5 Managing Risk 6 Attitudes 7 Workload (Attention and Information Processing)
CONTROLLED FLIGHT INTO TERRAIN (CFIT)
25
SECTION 10: TABLES AND CHARTS The following section contains examples of different tables and charts, which may be used on ATPL-A examinations.
WEIGHT SHIFT FORMULA WEIGHT OF CARGO MOVED ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯
DISTANCE CG MOVED =
WEIGHT OF AEROP LANE
⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯
DISTANCE BETWEEN ARM LOCATION
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
SAMPLE COMPUTER FLIGHT PLAN PLAN 1510 CYAM TO CYOW CES2 HSC/F IFR 08/24/00 NONSTOP COMP UTED 1209ZFOR ETD 1700Z PROGS 2400ADF CFZZZ LBBS POA CYOW ALT CY ND HLD RE S TOT
FUEL 001475 000369 000000 002956 004800
TIME 01/09 00/13 00/00 03/16 04/38
DIST 0386 0013
ARRIVE 1809Z 1822Z
TAKEOFF 013703
LAND AV PLD OPNLWT 012228 000457 008446
CYAM . . SSM . . YYB J 513 SMARE YOW314 YOW . . CYOW WIND P035 MXSH 1/SMARE FL 330 WPT
MTR TTR T TAS G/S DR ZD DREM ZT CTR ZF FREM AFR ETTA
SSM
125.5 118 . .
..
..
..
009 0377 . / . .
TOC
093.1 089
..
..
..
069
YY B
093.1 089 -48 372 403 R05 134 0174 0/20 0/29 004 0039
SMARE
..
./..
.. ..
.
0308 0/20 0/49 004 0043
102.9 092 -48 373 410 R05 053 0121 0/07 0/22 001 0038
TOD
131.3 118 -48 374 423 R01 035 0086 0/05 0/17 001 0037
YOW
131.3 118
..
CYOW
140.5 126 ..
CY AM SMARE
N46291W084306 N46196W078098
FIRS
KZMP/0000
..
..
..
074 0012
..
..
..
012 0000 0/17 0/00 000 0033
SSM YOW
CZYZ/0004
./..
N46247W084189 N45265W075538
./..
..
.. .
YYB CY OW
CZUL/0103
(FPL-I -C550/L -CYAM1700 -N0372F330 DCT SS M DCT YY B J 513 SMARE YOW314 YOW DCT -CYOW0109 CYND -EET/KZMP0000 CZYZ0004 CZUL0103 SEL/ -E/0438 P/ R/ S/ J / D/ C A/ ) IN . . . . . .DOWN . . . . . ZFW . . . . . . OUT. . . . .UP. . . . . . . .R/FUEL. . . . . FLT . . . . .AIR . . . . . . .T/O WT . . . . .
36
N46218W0792622 N45194W0754022
POA ALT HLD RES TOT AV PLD OPNLWT NOTE:
– – – – – – –
Point of Arrival Alternate Holding Reserve Total Average Payload Operational Weight
Weight and balance calcul ation com puted separately take precedence over these weight calculations.
CYAM . . . SSM YOW 314 YOW WIND P035 FL330 WPT MTR T TAS G/S DR ZD DREM ZT CTR ZF FREM AFR ETA CYAM FIRS FPL-I TOC TOD
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
CYAM Direct to SSM 314° Radial to YOW Wind Push of 35 kts Flight Level 330 Waypoint Magnetic Track Temperature True Airspeed Ground Speed Drift Zone (leg) Distance Distance Remaining Zone (leg) Time Time Remaining Zone (leg) Fuel Fuel Remaining Actual Fuel Remaining Estimated Time of Arrival CYAM Latitude and longitude FIR Boundary Times Instrument Flight Plan Top of Climb Top of Descent
37
