Atmospheric Distillation Unit
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
Distillation Distillation is the principal separation separ ation method that tha t aims at obtaining the different petroleum products (cuts) at various boiling ranges. The primary atmospheric distillation takes place in the distillation column. Jordan Petroleum Refinery Company comprises three main atmospheric atmospher ic distillation distillation units. Products of the distillation distillation column are ar e hierarchically: Naphtha. Gasoline. Kerosene. Light Gas Oil (LGO). Heavy Gas Oil (HGO). Reduced Bottom.
VACUUM DISTILLATION UNITS
The furnace outlet temperatures required for atmospheric distillation of the heavier fractions of crude oil are so high that thermal cracking would occur, with the resultant loss of product and equipment fouling. These materials are therefore distilled under vacuum because the boiling temperature decreases with lowering of the pressure. Distillation is carried out with absolute pressures in the tower flash zone area of ~40 mm Hg. Fluidized Catalytic Cracking Unit (F.C.C)
Obviously known that gasoline result as a direct product of the atmospheric atmosphe ric distillation distillation units, however, current market mark et increasingly demands more quantities. Therefore, additional gasoline product is obtained as a result of thermal cracking of heavy gas oil from vacuum distillation units . Such process occurs under the influence of a selective catalyst to crack the hydrocarbons that have high molecular weights into smaller ones with lighter molecular weights and hence lower boiling ranges.
NAPHTHA HYDRO – TREATING UNIT
Hydro treating is a process to catalytically stabilize petroleum products and to remove objectionable elements from products or feed stocks by reacting them with hydrogen. Stabilization involves converting unsaturated hydrocarbons such as olefins and gum forming Di - olefins to saturated materials such as paraffin’s. Objectionable elements removed by hydro treating include sulfur, nitrogen. Oxygen, halides and trace metals. PETROLEUM ASPHALT
The vacuum Distillation Towers separate the heavier portion of the crude oil into fractions, by heating it and thus separating light and heavy gas oils. the resulting bottom material, is then sent to asphalting units for further processing , by direct contacting with atmospheric air at certain temperature round 256 C to produce very viscous material suitable for road and roofing asphalts.
KINDS OF ASPHALT
Liquid Asphalt (60 / 70) Liquid Asphalt: MC (80 / 100) Medium Curing Cut Back MC – 70 Rapid Curing Cut Back RC – 250 & RC - 800 Plat-forming Unit
Plat-forming unit is widely considered as one of the advancements in upgrading gasoline and increasing its octane number. As a result, further addition of tetra-ethyl lead is lessened. HD / HC
UNIBON
Due to the huge demand on engine fuels especially jet fuels, most modern oil refineries have been equipped with special distillation units, that can convert Vacuum Heavy Gas Oils to light materials in the presence of hydrogen gas at high temperature and pressure ( ~ 170 Kg / Cm2 ).
Hydrogen Plant
Hydrogen production goes through the following stages: 1. Sulfur removal stage: 2. Steam reforming stage: 3. High-temperature shift converter: 4. Pressure Swing Adsorption unit (PSA): this removes CO2, H2O, CH4 and CO so as to purify H UTILITIES
BOILERS & STEAM GENERATION
BOILER NAME Boiler A Boiler B Boiler 7001 Boiler 7002 Boiler 7003 Boiler 7004
LOAD ~22 Ton / hr ~22 Ton / hr ~42 Ton / hr ~42 Ton / hr ~42 Ton / hr ~22 Ton / hr
Steam production
Boilers produce steam by boiling treated water. The required heat is obtained by burning either fuel gas or fuel oil. Treated water is pumped to the steam drum from the deaerator , dissolved oxygen in the boiler feed water is stripped out in the deaerator by stripping steam, and by injection of hydrazine to obtain the following reaction : N2H4 + O2 → N2 + 2H2O where N2 gas escape from deaerator vent to atmosphere. Before entering the steam drum, the boiler feed water passes through the economizer where it is heated up to ~ 179 C by flue gases.
UTILITIES
REVERSE OSMOSIS UNIT
Reverse Osmosis (RO) is a modern process technology to purify water for a wide range of applications, power generation, and municipal drinking water.
UTILITIES
WATER TREATMENT UNITS
Water Treatment Units I & II functions depend on the principle of ion exchange of water such as Ca++ , Mg++ ,Na+, Cl ¯, H+, OH ¯ ,SO3¯, SO4¯¯ in a big vessels called CATION, ANION AND POLISHER ,and these vessels contain special kind of resin. UTILITIES
Cooling Towers
Due to the huge consumption of water during cooling of the different distillation products, it is necessary to re - cool this kind of water to be used again. Three cooling towers are in JPRC. UTILITIES
Fuel oil system
In utilities area, four fuel oil Tanks are existing to supply fuel oil to all refinery units' heaters and boilers continuously. Special pumps are connected with these tanks to ensure continuous flow of fuel oil to distillation units' heaters, also to Boilers burners. UTILITIES
Compressed air system
Since all controlling devices in all production controllers depend on air signals, it is necessary to provide a suitable air free of moisture for this purpose. Eight air compressors are available to produce two types of compressed air. UTILITIES Fire fighting water system The system is composed of water storage tanks supplied from water wells. Fire fighting pumps supply refinery fire fighting grid with necessary water. The system consist of five pumps , there are two Jockey pumps keeps fire fighting grid pressure constant all the time ( 8 Kg / Cm2 ) , two Dorman diesel engines and an Electric pump can pressurize water grid to 15 Kg / Cm2( if any pump is commissioned ),are available in emergency cases and ready when needed in any time .
CHEMICAL TREATMENT UNITS UNIT Kerosene Merox
AIM OF UNIT Removing H 2O , H2S AND RSH from kerosene product. Light Straight Run Removing H2S AND RSH from FCC Gasoline (LSRG) Gasoline and topping units gasoline products. FCC Gasoline Removing H2S AND RSH from FCC Gasoline product. LPG Amine Treatment Removing H2S AND RSH from FCC LPG product.
