Designatio Designation: n: A 240/A 240M – 01
Standard Specification for
Heat-Resisting Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels 1 This standard is issued under the fixed designation designation A 240/A240M; the number immediately following following the designation designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon ( e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope Scope
tions are expressed in both inch-pound and SI units. However, unless unless the order specifies specifies the applicabl applicablee “M” specificat specification ion design designati ation on (SI units) units),, the materi material al shall shall be furnis furnished hed in inch-pound units.
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1.1 This specifica specification tion covers chromium, chromium-nickel, and chromium-manganese-nickel stainless and heat-resisting steel plate, sheet, and strip for pressure vessels. 1.2 Some steels covered by this this specification, especially especially the chromium steels, because of their particular alloy content and specialized properties, may require special care in their fabrication cation and welding. welding. Specific Specific procedure proceduress are of fundament fundamental al importance, and it is presupposed that all parameters will be in accordance with approved methods capable of producing the desired properties in the finished fabrication. 1.3 The values stated stated in either either inch-pound inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. 1.4 This specification and the applicable applicable material specificaspecifica-
2. Referenced Documents 2.1 ASTM Standards: A 370 Test Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing Testing 3 of Steel Products A 480/A 480M Specificat Specification ion for General General Requirement Requirementss for Flat-Rol Flat-Rolled led Stainle Stainless ss and Heat-Res Heat-Resist isting ing Steel Steel Plate, Plate, Sheet, and Strip 3 A 923 Test Test Methods for Detecting Detrimental Detrimental Intermetallic Intermetallic Phase in Wrought Wrought Duplex Duplex Austeniti Austenitic/Fer c/Ferriti riticc Stainless Stainless 3 Steels E 112 112 Test Methods for Determining Average Average Grain Size 4 E 527 Practice Practice for Numbering Numbering Metals and Alloys Alloys (UNS)5 Standard: 2.2 SAE Standard: J 1086 Practice Practice for Numbering Numbering Metals Metals and Alloys Alloys (UNS) 6
1 This specification specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Stainless Steel and Related Alloysand Alloysand is the direct responsibility responsibility of Subcommittee A01.17 on Flat Stainless Steel Products. Current Current edition approved approved Mar. 10, 2001. Published Published April 2001. Originally Originally published published as A 240 – 40 T. Last previous edition A 240/A 240M – 00a. 2 For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SA-240 in Section II of that Code.
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards Standards, Vol 01.03. Annual Book of ASTM Standards Standards, Vol 03.01. 5 Annual Book of ASTM Standards Standards, Vol 01.01. 6 Available Available from Society of Automotive Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096. 4
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1 COPYRIGHT American Society for Testing and Materials
A 240/A 240M 3. General Requirements Requirements
4. Chemical Composition Composition
3.1 The fol follow lowing ing req requir uireme ements nts for ord orders ers for mat materi erial al furnished under this specification shall conform to the applicable cab le req requir uireme ements nts of the cur curren rentt edi editio tion n of Spe Specifi cificat cation ion A 480/A 480M. 3.1.1 Defini Definition tions, s, 3.1.2 General requirements requirements for delivery, delivery, 3.1.3 Ordering information, information, 3.1.4 Proce Process, ss, 3.1.5 Speci Special al tests, 3.1.6 Heat treatmen treatment, t, 3.1.7 Dimensions and permissible permissible variations, variations, 3.1.8 Workmanship, finish and appearance, 3.1.9 Numbe Numberr of tests/test tests/test methods, 3.1.10 Specimen preparation, 3.1.11 Retreatment, 3.1.12 Inspection, 3.1.13 Reje Rejection ction and rehearing, rehearing, 3.1.14 Mate Material rial test report, report, 3.1.15 Cert Certificat ification, ion, and 3.1.16 Pack Packaging aging,, mark marking, ing, and loadi loading. ng.
4.1 Th 4.1 Thee st stee eell sh shal alll co conf nfor orm m to th thee re requ quir irem emen ents ts as to chemical composition specified in Table 1, and shall conform to appli applicabl cablee requ requirem irements ents speci specified fied in Speci Specificati fication on A 480/ 480/ A 480M. 5. Mechanical Properties Properties 5.1 The material shall shall conform to the mechanical mechanical properties specified in Table 2. 5.2 When specified specified by the purchaser, purchaser, Charpy impact impact test testss shall be performed in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S1. 6. Materials for High-Temperature High-Temperature Service 6.1 The auste austeniti niticc H Types Types sha shall ll con confor form m to an ave averag ragee grain size of ASTM No. 7 or coarser as measured by Test Methods E 112. 6.2 Suppl Supplemen ementary tary Requiremen Requirementt S2 shall be invoked when non-H grade austenitic stainless steels are ordered for ASME Code applications for service above 1000°F [540°C].
2 COPYRIGHT American Society for Testing and Materials
A 240/A 240M F , E
s t n e r m e e l h t E . . O .
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5 COPYRIGHT American Society for Testing and Materials
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6 COPYRIGHT American Society for Testing and Materials
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7 COPYRIGHT American Society for Testing and Materials
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8 COPYRIGHT American Society for Testing and Materials
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9 COPYRIGHT American Society for Testing and Materials
A 240/A 240M , g 0 n i 1 r 9 e 0 d 4 r D S ° O . f d s 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 , o n n 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 1 e 1 o 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 e i . t B n 1 a . o d c 4 l i l y o h p n C p p a a a r y c g b fi a i . r d c s a e e s p fi p e s , i s n t M k r a B c 0 o s i l f l 8 h e t e 4 d F 0 F F F b f e w 6 3 6 0 8 0 0 5 0 0 A r l o k 9 8 9 9 2 1 2 2 2 9 i l / c u a 0 s C q h . 8 s x o s 0 e 4 e a R l r 9 0 d m A 9 s r 0 , e a n i 4 0 s t 4 g o r s i e S t e e e r p s a p n y c s o d l fi T a r r i e r d p a l c e t o e e H l e 7 . 7 7 9 1 3 5 3 . e s fi p i h 0 n 1 . . 1 8 6 4 2 5 2 . t i t S s 0 r r 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 . s 9 e n B e e 0 c l o e 4 n s e i g ( S b a n t i d r g s d e n e ) n i r fi i c y e u i f c t i t p i e c c r e r , p a e d f e s p u f n m i . y s r t e c i m i l r n e n s i t i i e a n o 0 % b fi i m w n t d 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 , a r r . . . . . . . . r e e t a r i t e 2 0 2 0 8 0 8 0 2 o h s o g o n 0 s h 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 2 2 t n . m n t u e 3 t o o n a a f i l ( . n o , o s E i e s x n n 2 t o i e e o s N l l i t t u e n p a p a b u U o m d l ) l . r e 2 r 0 a o h - h f o 7 1 t n t 3 i c 0 s i t 2 I I , g a d . A . i a n 5 5 0 5 5 0 5 5 5 5 n y ) e i e n P 7 0 1 7 1 5 1 1 1 0 I s % e e r a p t n t u i S 2 2 3 2 5 4 4 4 4 2 e m y I M s o a 5 n m i l d . T i u t A r , t B ( P ( i a o 0 n 0 n , , f e fi e y o h d t e o n e 3 d o t i u D d a h 9 C g s t t 0 i h n t t a r n e n 4 e s d l i r o S a n n o f 2 t I M e d r l S r . l a r e e o n ) r e s d ] fi o E l d , i o o e d n m t c 0 L i s e i ) i o m u e 2 . 0 5 0 5 5 0 0 0 0 S h r m s 0 B Y k 1 p 9 a 4 3 4 4 7 6 6 6 6 3 d t n m 4 . s 0 % A e i s 1 p o 5 . n M T 0 m 5 s e 4 a s 2 e 2 s S 0 [ 2 o t i n ( n e , 2 n s e . f k p C w . t o n e r 0 o c y r T x i i , n . i 1 I e 2 h e 9 1 1 r h 0 n t T 1 n h t l ( e o t i 1 i a t n n c i o 4 t n e c w a a i u ] i E s S a o h d r t , d i f s g e e n t s e o n r m o r m s d l o a 5 7 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 5 m c n o e u p m h n s l o c e P A n k a 1 2 7 5 2 8 5 5 5 1 . i h i U t m e 0 i d i n c i r t d 4 4 4 4 6 5 5 5 5 4 s M e . r 5 e n e m n e m r . i h k h s 0 o t c a t m o 0 , u o M 3 m h y [ f t 0 e y c b ) t 9 c r 9 i d n i % n i i m s b a e t g 0 n i e e s 4 u i a n d i n b s h 0 c T a S q m e e y n 0 r n 2 e t 2 t e w d r a n % a t e i 0 a h S g r e w . l n e e i a t 0 2 m a b d 0 5 a h s e b . l h l e r i s 0 h m l 9 , t v i a e n t s t a t 2 0 a n i 0 2 8 5 0 5 0 0 0 0 y t o w 3 2 g a d g r i i n h o h l ] . t i e s 6 6 6 6 9 8 8 8 8 6 l l i c n s S 9 t l a n e T k u e i a c m s c r 0 e h a d t t ) o s l n o r o 4 e i a m o . i s i r p n a f S m s r m t s l g h r e a i d s , e m t d b f r e l e 5 m r . e u 0 l o m i ( t a s . o l e i o a 2 i c o s s 8 r e 0 l c M a 1 3 n m [ n t y i n . s 9 l e k v 0 t , o e g e ( . a c 0 d i a T c t s n r a i o i c n m e S 4 e f i t l t f a i e s . e n A i h i t s S M n o i n s l m y n p i 0 . u 1 e d y n y r n g e i e b l 5 y p m e i e b t s t s m p 0 r i . h u 1 l c i r n d e d l e h t i a 0 e e t e e 0 d y e s A . a e e d m s r i h d m s i e l 0 t c b o r p a e n o w n e h e e r p t t e p , l h u d d d L L i n , l d f n h y a 3 7 t d a k l n e a b T o d c h w r e 9 p r u 3 2 a n d a r t r h d d d g - r f i 8 e o n a . s o a s o s m s e e – n n ) . . . . M M . . . . . . . . . . . a m a n h H f c a s e . . X X . . . . . . , r t s s e t s u e 0 e i o m e e B d l e d t e 4 t n e d i e e m l z d l i r , d a e b p m t r e n o r s p 2 u s s o 7 a d e e t k s m p w o c a e 2 e v k q i b c n l A a e i i e e h i c r n . y e d l t r n t i t l h l a v i t 1 o ) h n l a o t k r i o u a t ( t 9 e c g r . n a n o r n q i R a a e h r o l o e e d c 0 n , e i e r n h s s t t e r f e t i n h 0 i fi 4 l o e i a 0 r m h l e e a t m 3 e c r w a h l c e n t 5 r t l a f o g s , t e p 9 0 g g b e g n e s a 5 s p y 0 . i a i h n t n n n i 1 y S T s a i 4 c s C t n e r l e o 6 s ( S 0 l e , s n l l i o t r r 1 ) t t p e a o s 0 e 2 g t 0 D o a r i 0 0 6 7 5 0 0 5 0 0 s s n B t p 2 w 3 i n r 0 o r 0 0 2 2 3 6 0 3 0 0 s i o r m g a S d S 9 e e d k , d 4 5 6 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 l t e l t n l o t e n 0 m h m r c N 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 6 n i t e l e o p o o a i a o o i e a i r 4 0 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 U y m E B E C Y N R F N P S 9 M S S S S S S S S S S U Y r T 0 o A B f C D E F G H I J K L M N 4 O n I S
10 COPYRIGHT American Society for Testing and Materials
A 240/A 240M SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS A supplementary requirement shall apply only when specified in the purchase order. S1. Charpy Impact Testing of Plate
steel covered. It may be economical for the Charpy impact tests performed on duplex stainless steels covered in both Specification A 240 and Test Methods A 923 to be performed at the lower of the temperatures temperatures specified specified by this supplementary requirement and Test Methods A 923 Method B, with measurement of both lateral expansion and impact energy.
S1.1 Charp Charpy y impact impact tests shall shall be conduc conducted ted in accorda accordance nce with Test Methods and Definitions A 370. Number ber of Tests Tests — One S1.2 Num One imp impact act tes testt (3 spe specim cimens ens)) shall be made from one plate per heat treatment lot in the final heat treated condition. Orientati tation on of Test Test Specimens Specimens — Unless S1.3 Orien Unless specified as transverse specimens (long axis of the specimen transverse to the final rolling direction, root of the notch perpendicular to the rollin rol ling g fac face) e) on the pur purcha chase se ord order er,, the ori orient entati ation on of the specimens speci mens shall be longi longitudin tudinal al (long axis of the specimen specimen parallel to the final rolling direction, root of the notch perpendicular to the rolling face). The manufacturer is permitted to test transverse transverse specimens specimens provi provided ded that such tests meet the acceptance criteria applicable to longitudinal specimens. Unless otherwise specified on the purchase order, the specimens shall be taken so as to include the mid-thickness of the product. emperature re — The S1.4 Test Temperatu The purchaser shall specify the test temperature. The manufacturer is permitted to test specimens me ns at a te temp mper erat atur uree lo lowe werr th than an th that at sp spec ecifi ified ed by th thee purchaser, provided that such tests shall meet the acceptance criteria applicable to specimens tested at the specified temperature (see Note ).
S1.5 Acceptance Limit — Unless Unless otherwise specified on the purchase order, each of the three specimens tested shall show a lateral expansion opposite the notch of not less than 0.015 in. [0.38 mm]. S1.6 Recor The rec record orded ed res result ultss sha shall ll inc includ ludee the Records ds — The specimen speci men orie orientati ntation, on, spec specimen imen size size,, test temperature, temperature, absorbed sor bed ene energ rgy y val values ues (if req requir uired) ed),, and lat latera erall exp expans ansion ion opposite the notch. S2. Materials for High-Temperature Service S2.1 Unles Unlesss an H grade grade has been been ordered, ordered, this this suppleme supplemenntary requirement shall be specified for ASME Code applications for service above 1000°F [540°C]. S2.2 S2. 2 The user user is per permit mitted ted to use an aus austen teniti iticc stainles stainlesss steel as the corresponding H grade when the material meets all requireme requi rements nts of the H grade including including chemi chemistry stry,, annea annealing ling temperature, and grain size (see Section 6). S2.3 S2. 3 The user user is per permit mitted ted to use an L gra grade de austeni austenitic tic stainless steel for service above 1000°F [540°C], subject to the applicable allowable stress table of the ASME Code, when the material meets all requirements of this specification and the grai gr ain n si size ze is AS ASTM TM No No.. 7 or co coar arse serr as de dete term rmin ined ed in accordance with Test Method E 112. The grain size shall be reported on a Certified Test Report.
NOTE —Tes —Testt Met Methods hods A 923, 923, Met Method hod B, appl applica icable ble to som somee dupl duplex ex (austenitic-ferritic (austenitic-f erritic)) stainle stainless ss steels as listed in Test Methods A 923, uses a Char Ch arpy py im impa pact ct te test st fo forr th thee pur purpo pose se of de dete term rmin ining ing th thee ab abse senc ncee of detrimental intermetallic phases. Method B specifies a test temperature and acceptance criterion, expressed as impact energy, for each type of
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11 COPYRIGHT American Society for Testing and Materials