Argilominerais

UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE MATO GROSSO FACULDADE DE ARQUITETURA, ENGENHARIA E TECNOLOGIA DEPART DEPARTAMENTO AMENTO DE ENGENHARIA ENGENHARI A CIVIL MECÂNICA DOS SOLOS PROFESSOR JOÃO DE DEUS GUERREIRO SANTOS

ARGILOMINERAIS

CUIABÁ – MT FEVEREIRO DE 2016

UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE MATO GROSSO FACULDADE DE ARQUITETURA, ENGENHARIA E TECNOLOGIA DEPARTAMENTO DE ENGENHARIA CIVIL MECÂNICA DOS SOLOS PROFESSOR JOÃO DE DEUS GUERREIRO SANTOS

ARGILOMINERAIS

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CUIABÁ – MT FEVEREIRO DE 2016

ESTRUTURA DAS ARGILAS A7#%-)'!( %/ !7#!( (% (#!*%( %-&#'=%( +' !#/->)% %-&%(*%( &%  /)+!+' +' *'*!'+% +' (>#! ' %*!'+% +' !#/-)!8 A %-")!% +' #5-)!( *'*!?+!( @%-! /-! #5-)! +' (>#! ' ! %-")!% +' /)+!+'( %*!?+!( @%-! /-! #5-)! %*!?+! ./' *!-"?- ? $!-!+! +' 7"(*! O &%'((% +' @%-!% +! !7#! !((- %-% +!( %/*!( @!'( +' (%#% ? ('+-')*! &% -'% +' )*'-&'(-%, )%( ./!( %%'- &%'((%( $+%*'-!( +' *!)(&%*' ' +'&%(% +' ('+-')*%( ' +!7')?*%( -/+!)!( ./' %%'- !&( ! +'&%(% +% -!*'!# ('+-')*!8 O -)'!# ./' + %7'- !%( !7#%-)'!( ? % @'#+(&!*%8

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ARGILOMINERAIS O( &)&!( !7#%-)'!( (% : Caulinita: @%-!+! &% #5-)!( +' (>#!( ' 7"(*!, *'- '(*/*/! #!-'#! %- !

(/&'@>' '(&'>@! +' '! +' 1 -78 I((% *%)! ! !/#)*! /- +%( -')%'( !7#%-)'!(8 A !/#)*! ? &'+%-)!)*' )!( !7#!( +! '7% *%&!#, /)*% %- %( =+%(8 C%)('./')*'-')*' %( (%#%( *%&!( *'- -')% (/&'@>' '(&'>@!8 Montmorilonita: *'- ! -'(-! %-")!% -%#'/#! +! !/#)*!, &%?- %- /-

!!)% '(*/*/!# +@'')*'8 I((% *%)! ! -%)*-%#%)*! /- !7#%-)'!# %- 7!)+' (/&'@>' '(&'>@!, '! +' 00 -78 N!( !7#!( +' '7% *'-&'!+! ! -%)*-%#%)*! ? &'+%-)!)*'8

COMPORTAMENTO DAS ARGILAS A @%-! #!-'#! +!( &!*>/#!( +!( !7#!( '(&%)+' &% !#7/-!( +' (/!(  &%&'+!+'(, %-%, &% '='-&#%, ! %-&'(("#+!+' ' ! &#!(*+!+', '(*! K#*-!, /-! +!( (/!( !!*'>(*!( -!( -&%*!)*'(8 A +(&'(% +'(('( -)'!( '- 7/! @%-! /- %#%+', ((% !@'*! +'*!-')*' )% %-&%*!-')*% +% (%#%, &%( ? %-/- ')%)*!, )'#', /-+!+'8 A( @%!( +' (/&'@>' (% -/*% -&%*!)*'( )% %-&%*!-')*% +' &!*>/#!( %#%+!(, (')+% ! +@'')! +' (/&'@>' '(&'>@! /-! )+!% +! +@'')! +' %-&%*!-')*% ')*' %( (%#%( %+(*)*%( -)'!(!7#!8 O %-&%*!-')*% %-&#'=% +! !7#! (' + &% %)*! +' (/!( -&'@''(8 N! '(*/*/! -%#'/#! +!( &!*>/#!( %%'- (/"(**/'( (%-@!( )% !#*'!- ! @%-! +%( %*!'+%( ./' +'=!- ! &!*>/#! %- !7! )'7!*3!, !((- !*!)+% *%-%( #3'( ./' (' ')%)*!- &=-%(8 E((!( (/"(**/'( )% -&'+'- ./' 7/! ')*' &'#% )*'% +!( !-!+!(8 D'((! @%-! &%+'(' '=&#! ! '#'3!+! !&!+!+' +' !"(%% +' 7/! &'#!( !7#!(, "'- %-% ! '#'3!+! '*!% !% ('!8 O( *%)( !"(%3+%( &'#!( !7#!( )@#/')!- -/*% '- ('/ %-&%*!-')*%, +'((! @%-! ? -/*% +@># %'#!%)! % %-&%*!-')*% +!( !7#!( ! >)+'( '-&>%(8 S!"'(' ./' !( !7#!( !/#)>*!(, (% '#!*3!-')*' '(*3'( '- &'(')! +! 7/!, !% &!((% '- ./' )! -%)*-%#%)*! ! #7!% ')*' !( /)+!+'(, )% (')+% (/@')*'-')*' @-' &!! -&'+ ! &!((!7'- +' -%#?/#!( +' 7/!, *%)! !( (/!( !7#!( -/*% '=&!)(3!( ', &%*!)*%, )(*3'( '- &'(')! +! 7/!8  -&%*!)*' % '(*/+% +! %-&%(% +% (%#%, /-! 3' ./' '- (%#%( K-+%(, ./!)+% (' *'- 0 %/ -!( +' !7#! )! (/! %-&%(%, !( &!*>/#!( +' !'! ' (#*' @#/*/!- )! -!* +' !7#! ' %( -)'!( +' !7#! +'*'-)!- !( &%&'+!+'( +' ')7')$!! +' (%#%8 I((% (' +, &%(, ! '((*)! +!( !7#!( '(* '(**!-')*' #7!+! !% *'% +' /-+!+' +% (%#%8

INTERAÇÃO ENTRE PARTÍCULAS Q/!)+% +/!( &!*>/#!( +' !7#! )! 7/! '(*% -/*% &=-!(, %%'- @%!( +' !*!% ' '&/#(% ')*' '#!(8 A '&/#(% %%' ')*' !( &!*>/#!( +' !7#!, !'7!+!( )'7!*3!-')*'8 A '(*/*/! +! -%#?/#! +' 7/! ? /- +&%#% ./' (' !*! &'#! (/&'@>' )'7!*3!-')*' !'7!+! +! &!*>/#! +!( !7#!( ' &'#%( *%)(8 E(('( *%)( *!-"?)*'!7'- %- %/*!( &!*>/#!( +% (%#%8 U-! *''! )*'!% %%'- ')*' &%)*'( +' $+%7)%, )!( ./!( 7/! ' !7#! %-&!*#$!- *%-%( +' $+%7)%8 A( @%!( +' !*!% ')*' 7/! ' !7#! +-)/'- %- !( +(*5)!( ')*' !( &!*>/#!(8 A 7/! ')*' +/!( !( &!*>/#!( +' !7#! ? )%-'!+! água de dupla camada , (')+% ! !-!+! -!( )*')! $!-!+! água adsorvida 8 D'3+% ( @%!( '#'*%./>-!(, ! 7/! !+(%3+! '(* @-'-')*' !+'+!8 A 7/!, )'((!( %)+'(, !&'(')*! %-&%*!-')*% "'- +(*)*% +! 7/! #3', ' '((' '(*!+% ? $!-!+% +' 7/! (#+!, &%( )% '=(*' ')*' !( -%#?/#!( +% (#+% ! -%"#+!+' +!( -%#?/#!( +%( @#/+%(8 O( %)*!*%( ')*' &!*>/#!( &%+'- (' @'*%( &'#!( -%#?/#!( +' 7/! ! '#!( !+'+!(8 A( +'@%-!'( ' ! '((*)! +%( (%#%( ./!)+% (%#*!+%( &% @%!( '=*')!( +'&')+'-,  &%*!)*%, +'(('( %)*!*%(8 N%*!(' ./' %( *%-%( +' $+%7)% +!( -%#?/#!( +' 7/! )% '(*% )/-! (*/!% '(**!8 A% %)*%, ')%)*!-(' '- &'-!)')*' !7*!%, +' @%-! ./' ! (/! %')*!% ? /-! (*/!% *!)(*!8 E- ./!#./' -%-')*%, /-! -%#?/#! +' 7/! &%+' (' (/"(**/>+! &% %/*!, )% %)*!*% %- !( &!*>/#!( !7#%(!(8 E((' @')-')% )*'@'' )! *!)(-((% +' @%!( ')*' !( &!*>/#!( ' /(*@! ! +'&')+)! +% %-&%*!-')*% '%#7% +%( (%#%( !% *'-&% +' (%#*!%8

PLASTICIDADE  ! &%&'+!+' +' (%#%( @)%(, ')*' #!7%( #-*'( +' /-+!+', +' (' (/"-'*''- ! 7!)+'( +'@%-!'( &'-!)')*'(, ('- (%@' /&*/!, @((/!-')*% %/ 3!!% +' 3%#/-' !&'3'#8 O/ !)+!, &%&'+!+' +%( (%#%( @)%( ./' %)((*' )! -!% %/ -')% !&!+!+' +' (''- -%#+!+%( (%" '*!( %)+'( +' /-+!+'8  !!*'>(*! -&%*!)*' +!( !7#!(, &%( ? '#! ./' %)@'' &#!(*+!+' !%( (%#%(8 O *'% +' !7#! ? +'*!-')*' &%&%%)!# ! &#!(*+!+' +% (%#%, (')+% '((! '&'(')*!+! ./!)**!*3!-')*' &'#% #-*' +' &#!(*+!+'8 E((' >)+' !&%)*! % #-*' +' /-+!+' )% ./!# +'*'-)!+% (%#% %-'! ! *' &#!(*+!+'8

ATIVIDADE O %)'*% +' !*3+!+' +' /- !7#%-)'!# '(* #7!+% !% &%*')!# +! @!% +' !7#! '- %)@' &#!(*+!+' ' %'(% !% (%#%8 Q/!)+% (' ./' *' /-! +'! (%"' ! !*3+!+' +! @!% !7#!, %( >)+'( +'3'- (' %-&!!+%( %- ! @!% !7#!  &'(')*'8  ((% ./' -%(*! % >)+' +' !*3+!+' +' /-! !7#!, +'@)+% )! '#!%9  Índice deatividade=

índicede plasticidade ( IP ) fração deargila em peso ( menorque 0,002 mm )

O >)+' +' !*3+!+' )+! ! )#)!% +! #)$! ./' %'#!%)! % #-*' +'  &#!(*+!+' %- ! &%')*!7'- +' -!*'!# -!( @)% ./' 08002--8 A !7#! &'(')*' '- /- (%#% ? %)(+'!+! )%-!# ./!)+% ('/ >)+' +' !*3+!+' (' (*/! ')*' 0, ' 1,28 Q/!)+% % >)+' ? -')% ./' 0,, %)(+'!(' ! !7#! %-% )!*3! ', ./!)+% % >)+' ? -!% ./' 1,2, '#! ? %)(+'!+! !*3!8

EXPANSÃO E=&!)(% ? /- @')-')% ./' %%' +'3+%  ')*!+! +' 7/! )!( )*'@!'( +!( '(*/*/!( -)'!#7!( +!( &!*>/#!( !7#%(!(, %/  #"'!% +' &'(('( +' (/% ! ./' % (%#% '(*!3! (/"-'*+%, ('! &% '@'*% +' '(('!-')*%, ('! &'#! !% +' %-&!*!% ! ./' @% (/"-'*+%8 A '=&!)("#+!+' ? -/*% #7!+! !% *&% +' -)'!# !7#! &'(')*' )% (%#% ' /-! +!( !!*'>(*!( -!( -!!)*'( +!( !7#!( +% *&% -%)*-%#%)*!8

TIXOTROPIA T!*!(' +' /- @')-')%, %)(*!*!+% &'#! &-'! 3' '- 1 0 ' !((+'(7)!+%  &% P?*'@ , !% ./!# (' !*"/ 7!)+' -&%*5)! )% !-&% +! M'5)! +%( S%#%(8 A-!((!)+%(' %-&#'*!-')*' /-! !-%(*! +! @!% -/*% @)! +' /- (%#% ', ! ('7/, +'=!)+%(' '&%/(!, ! -!((! !+./', %- % *'-&%, -!% '((*)! %'(3!8 E(*! '((*)! !/-')*!, ! &)>&% !&+!-')*', ' ! ('7/, #')*!-')*'8 S' ! !-%(*! ? )%3!-')*' !-!((!+!, -!)*+% % *'% +' /-+!+', (/! %'(% +-)/ +' -!)'! %)(+'3'#, &%?-, +'=!)+%(' %/*! 3' '- '&%/(%, *%-! ! '/&'! ('/ 3!#%8

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COMPARAÇÃO COM AREIA GRANULOMETRIA

Q/!)*%  7!)/#%-'*!, &!*>/#!( +' !7#! (' +@''- +!( &!*>/#!( +' !'!  &'#% *!-!)$%8 E)./!)*% !( +' !'! *'- +5-'*% ')*' 0,0-- ' 2--, !( +' !7#! *-')%( ./' 0,002--8

ESTRUTURA

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ORMA

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CARGAS DE SUPERÍCIE

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ORÇAS ATRATIVAS

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PLASTICIDADE

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RESILI!NCIA

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CISAL"AMENTO

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VARIAÇÃO DE VOLUME

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REER!NCIAS #I#LIOGR$ICAS

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