Fundamentals of Grammar | Unit 1
Lesson Number: 4 Lesson title: 1.3 Properties of the Ism-Status (Ending Sounds Practice) Quick Review: What are the 3 kinds of status ’? Doer , Detail and After ‘Of’ Status. From now on, we will only say , & status, but keep in mind the English definitions Lesson Objective: Importance of ending sounds of Arabic words, -
Exercise: In these sentences, the same 3 Arabic words are used. means ‘Helped ’ (Fi’l)
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/
means 'Teachers'
means ‘Students’
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Try and guess the translation of these following sentences one by one (let student translate all) .1
.2 .3
.4 .5 .6
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The students were wrong most of the time, and that’s part of the exercise.
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English examples, find the Doers in the following sentences.
“Bob kicked Joe” Bob “A Lion chased me” A Lion
“Joe kicked Bob” Joe “I chased a Lion” I “The teacher taught the student” The teacher
In English the Doer came before the Fi’l and the Detail came after. That’s in English.
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In Arabic When you hear ‘U’ or a ‘Oona’ at the end of a word, That must be the Doer/ ‘helper’ in this case
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Read the above sentences again, figure out the doer, then translate it using the ‘U’ & ‘Oona’ rule.
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1. Teachers
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Write down the following: In English, we discover the Doer according to the order. In Arabic, we discover the Doer according to the Ending Sound of a word. In Arabic, sound is more important than the sequence.
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at the end of this word, put a Dammataan & Damma on it: & , Put a Fathataan & Fatha on it & , put Kasrataan & Kasra on it
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2. Students
3. Teachers
4. Students
There’s 2 Damma ‘U ’ sounds, Kitaab UN and and Kitaab U. A’ sounds, Kitaab AN and and Kitaab A, There’s 2 Fatha ‘ A There’s 2 Kasra ‘ I ’ sounds, Kitaab In and KitaabI
5. Students
6. Teachers
&
Fundamentals of Grammar | Unit 1
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Must Remember: Raf’ means ‘U’ or ‘UN’ sound at the end. the end. Jarr means ‘I’ or ‘IN’ sound at the end.
Nasb means ‘A’ or ‘AN’ sound at
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versions ‘UN’, ‘AN’, ‘IN’ are heavy versions, ‘U’, ‘A’, ‘I’ are light versions
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*This ‘UN’ ‘AN’ ‘IN’/ Raf’, Nasb, Jarr is only for the Ism’s and not for Fi’l and Harf . Nasb is? Detail. Jarr is? After ‘Of’ Raf’ is? Doer.
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2 examples from the Qur’an to show how important it is to get the ending sounds right in Arabic. 1. In these Aayat , pay attention to the word ‘Rabb’ (‘Master’) and the name ‘Ibraheem’ You have to tell me which one is Raf’ and which one is Nasb, by listening to the ending sound
- You don’t know what the Aayah means, but can you figure out who the doer (Raf’) is, and what the detail (Nasb) is?
‘Rabb’ is the Raf’ doer, because it has ‘U’ sound. ‘Ibraheem’ is the Nasb detail because it has the ‘A’ sound . - The meaning of this Aayah is. “And when his master (Allah) tested Ibraheem” Ibraheem” - Who’s giving the test? Master/Allah how do you know? Because it had the ‘U’ on it - How do we know that Ibraheem a.s didn’t do do the testing? Because he was Nasb/Detail
2. Pay attention to two words in this Aayah; word ‘Allah’ and ‘Al -‘Ulamaa’ (Scholars) We have to figure out who’s Raf’/doer and who’s Nasb/Detail
- In this Aayah, someone fears somebody, who fears who? The scholars fear Allah - How do we know that the scholars are doing the act of being afraid? Because they are Raf’ - Do you see how bad a mistake it would be to recite ‘Allahu’ here instead of ‘Allaha’ and ‘Al-‘Ulamaa-a’ instead of ‘Al-Ulamaa-u’ The mistake is so BAD that we can’t even say the translation of that!
That’s why it is so important to learn this properly
