An Overview Of Design Aids For Structural Steelwork

AN OVERVIEW OF DESIGN AIDS FOR STRUCTURAL STEELWORK CONTENTS

1. IN TROD UCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2. GENERAL STEEL STRUCTURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3. DESIGN CA PACITY TABLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4. STRUCTURAL CON NECTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5. SPECIALIZED STRUCTURA L D ESIGN GU IDES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6. FIRE RESISTA NCE DESIGN AIDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7. ARCH ITECTURAL AND DOM ESTIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8. FA BRICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9. GENERAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10. COMPOS ITE CO NSTRUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11. COMPOS ITE DESIG N S OFTWARE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12. SOFTWARE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13. STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS SOFTWARE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14. MEM BER / JOINT DESIG N CHECKING SOFTWARE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15. COSTING SO FTWARE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16. STRUCTURAL MODELING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17. PURLIN S AN D GIRTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18. CIDECT PUBLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19. MATERIAL & PRODUCT CATALOGUES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20. AS/NZS STANDARDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21. HERA STRUCTURA L PU BLICATIO NS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22. STEEL CONSTRUCTION JOU RNA LS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23. WEBSITES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3 4 7 8 10 13 15 16 17 18 22 22 23 25 26 27 29 30 33 34 36 37 42

Pleas Pleasee no te that a number of the publicati publications ons contained contained in this this summary summary were the the result result of research research and developmentcarriedo utby BHPand BHPand the printed printed form may display display the the BHP logo.With logo.With the spin spin off of Onestee Onesteell and subsequent subsequent BHP BHP restructuring,itislikelythatprintedbookletswith the BHP logo may may no longer longer be availabl available. e. It is to be hoped thatthe result resultsof sof thevaluable thevaluable work will will still till be availabl availablee in alternat alternatee forms in the future. future.

STEE STEEL L CONSTRUCTION UCTION VOL VOLUME UME 35N UMBER2, JUNE 20 2001 01

2

An Overview of Design Aids for Structural Steelwork Peter Kneen

National Manager M anager Technology Technology Australian Institute of Steel Construction

1.

INT INTRODUCT RODUCTIO ION N

The Australian Institute of Steel Construction was formed in 1967 and is Australia Australia’’s premier technical technical marketingorganizationrepresentingcompaniesand indivi ndividua duals ls invol involved ved in steel teel manufa manufact cture ure,, fabrication, design, detailing and construction. Its missi mission on is to promote the efficient efficient and econo mical use of structural structural steel steel in the con struction struction industry. industry. Part of its work is to conduct technical seminars, educati educational onal lectures lectures and to publish publish and market technical design aids. The AISC is also actively involved with Standards Austra Australi liaa on numerouscode committee committeesin sin areasthat areasthat impactonsteelstructures.Theengineeringdesignof steel steel structures structures is driven by the appropr iate iate design design code of the day. We have witnessed the transition from a permissible permissible or working working stres stresss design design codeto the current limit limit states tates code AS 4100. Many of the earlier earlier AISC’ AISC’s publications publications were published to assis assistt consultants consultants and industry understand and and utilize utilize the new code requirement requirements. s. The AISC AISC publicat publications ions are availablebypurchasingthroughtheAISCBookshop at a considerable considerable d iscount iscount to AISC members. The AISC maintai maintains ns a comprehensive comprehensive library library at its its headofficeand thisres thisresourceisoftenused ourceisoftenused to respond respond to tech techni nica call enqui enquiri ries es by its its membe members rs.. AIS AISC members are encouraged to visit the library. TheAISChasbeensupportedinpartbymembership duesb ut significantl significantly y by generous sustaini sustaining ng grants fromBHPandmorerecentlybothBHPandOneSteel along with Ajax Fasteners, Bisalloy Steels, Palmer Tube Mill Millss and Fiel Fielders ders Stee Steell Roofing. oofing. Thes These organizations organizations have also also published design design related related material, some of which is available through the AISC.Whereappropriate,theAISCpublicationcode is given. In this paper, paper, the various various publicati publications ons of the AISC AISC and its sustaining members have been grouped as follows: ! ! ! ! !

3

General steel structures Design capacity Tables Structural Structural connections Specialized structural design guides Fire Fire Engineering

!

Architectural Architectural and domestic domestic

!

Fabrication and General references

! !

Composite construction Purlins Purlins and Girts

!

Composite Software Commercial software

!

CIDECT publications

!

!

Technical papers in Steel Construction Australian and New Zealand Standards

!

Websites

!

This paper is a snapshot at this point in time time o f the the main local local design design aids. aids. Thiswo rk will will be placed on the AISC website website with with a view to maintaining maintaining an up to date reference reference source for itsmembers itsmembers.. The writer writer apologizes for any omissions from this paper but woul would d be plea pleassed to rece receiv ivee fact factual ual product product descriptions so that the future web version of this publication can be maintained. There has been a significa ignificant nt trend trend over the past past two yearsfor major companies companies toturn tothe internetfor internetfor storing valuable product and design related data. Several companies such as BHP, OneSteel, Ajax, Palmer almer Tube Mills Mills,, The Grah Graham am Group Group and Industrial Light Beams Beams to p roduce CDRO CDROMS MS with with design design aids aids and “printed” “printed” documentati documentation on included. included. Most design aids available on CDROM are in the form of spreads spreadsheet heetss compatible compatible with with Micros Microsoft oft Excel. Excel. Existi Existing ng books arebeing puton CDin a form that preserves the original formatting. The most common method is to usePDF usePDF (PortableDocument (PortableDocument Format) files. files. The PDF PDF files files can be viewed on any computer (eg PC, Mac, Unix) using the Adobe Acrobat Reader Reader which is normally included included on the CD,orcanbedownloadedfrom theweb. Thereader canbeusedtonavigatethroughthedocumentsusing pre-- establis established hed book marks, or by searching. searching. Pages can also be printed. It is likely that all future books will be at least available available electronically electronically and the AISC is gradually moving in that direction as well. Other software design aids may be more complex than a spreadsheet and are available as a licensed package.

STEE STEEL L CONSTRUCTIO UCTION N VOLUME VOLUME 35 NUMBER2, JUNE 2001 2001

2.

GEN ENER ERAL AL STEE STEEL L STRUCT STRUCTURE URES S

2.1.

Economic Economical al Structural Structural Steelwor Steelwork k 4th edition 1997 AISC 81 Pages This publication aims tosupplythenecessary infor nforma mattion on the componentsthatmake up the cos cost of fabri fabri-cated steel.

AISC Code

175 17 5

It als also shows how the decis decisions made made at the design design stage can influence these costs. It is not a design manual manual but rather rather a guide guide that that conside considersfrom rsfrom acost acost point of view all the matters that a structural steel designer designer should consider consider by taking taking into into account account current fabrication fabrication practices practices and material/l material/labour abour relationships in the steel industry.

Thetextincludesageneralsectiononcomputeraided draftingbutisbasicallywrittenfromtheviewpointof tradit traditional ional manual drafting. drafting. The reader reader is ass assumed not to be an engin enginee eerr and and some engine engineer eriing fundamentalsare fundamentalsare included included tohelp inun derstandi derstanding ng the procedures. Contents: 1) Introduction; 2) Structural Steel; 3) Drafti Drafting ng Equipment and Drafti Drafting ng Pract Practice icess; 4) ArrangementandDetailDrawings;5)Fundamentals ofStructuralEngineering;6)Bolting;7)Welding;8) Standardised Standardised Structural Structural Connections;9) Connections;9) Beamsand Beamsand Girders;10)Columns;11)Trusses;12) Bracing;13) Purlins, Purlins, Girts and Eav es Struts; Struts; 14) Portal Frames; Frames; 15) Stai Stairways rways;; 16) Detail Detailing ing for Economy; 17 ) References References;; Appendix A - Fabrication Fabrication of structural structural steelwork; steelwork; Appendix B - Sample project drawings.

2.3. 2.3.

The Be Behavi haviour our & Design Design of Ste Steel el Structures to AS4100 3rd edition edition 1998 N.S. Trahair and M.A. Bradford 455 Pages

The fourth edition edition has subst substanti antiall ally y adopted adopted the rationalis rationalised ed approach to the costing costing of fabricating fabricating steel steel by using a cost per metre for sections sections and cost per square square metre metre for platesdependi platesdepending ng on the size, ize, in lieu of the cost per tonne method. Adhe Adhere rence nce to the the princi principl ples es outli outline ned d in thi this publicati publication on will will do much to assis assistt designers designers in in reaching decisions that will lead to effective and economic structures structures.. Contents:1)PreliminaryConsiderations;2)General Factors Factors Affecting Affecting Econ omy; 3) Framing Concepts Concepts and Connection Types; 4) Industrial Building; 5) Commercial Buildings; 6) Bolting; 7) Welding; 8) Detailing for Economy; 9) References & Further Reading; 10) Standards, Index.

2.2.

Australian Australian Steel Steel Detaile Detailers’ rs’ Handbook Handbook AISC Code 430 43 0 AISC First First Edition, Second Printi Printing ng 2001

The purposeof thisHandthisHandbook is to provide sufficient cient informa informati tion on for a trainee structural structural steel steel detailer to learn the fundamentals of how to detail most members and connections in a simple simple steelsteel-framed building.

STEE STEEL L CONSTRUCTION UCTION VOL VOLUME UME 35N UMBER2, JUNE 20 2001 01

AISC Code

230 23 0

This This refere reference nce book will will prove to be invalua invaluable ble for practicing practicing structural structural engineers and underg raduate/ graduateengineeringstudentsinvolvedinstructural steelrelatedsubjects steelrelatedsubjects.. Topicspresented opicspresented include:loads include:loads on structures structures;; material material propertiesof structuralsteel structuralsteels; s; beha behavi viour our of membe members rs subjec ubjectt to tens ension, comp ression,in ression,in-- planebendin planeb endin gand torsion;intorsion;in-- plane behaviour; behaviour; later lateral al buckling; buckling; biaxial biaxial bending of members subject subject to both transverse transverse and axialloads; rigi rigidd--joint - jointed ed frame framess; and and the the behav behavio iour ur of connections. The updated updated third third edition edition provides an excellent excellent background tou nderstandi nderstanding ng thebehaviour of steel teel structu ructure ress and the the rela relattions ionshi hip p to the des design provisions of AS 4100-- 1990 . Previous Previous editions editions of thepublicationhadalsoincorporatedinformationon the relevant Britis British h and American Standards Standards which haveno wbeen replacedwith replacedwith furthermateri furthermaterial al on the AustraliandesignStandard.Thiswillprovidegreater clarity and further helpful material. Worked and unworked (iesoluti (iesolutions ons only)examples are provided and a comprehensive comprehensive subject ubject index is is included.

4

Contents: Contents: 1) Introduction; 2) Tension ension Members; 3) Compressi Compression on Members; Members; 4) Local Buckling Buckling o f Thin Plate Plate Elements; Elements; 5) In-- plane Bending of Beams; Beams; 6) Lateral Buckling of Beams; Beams; 7) Beam-- columns; colum ns; 8) Frames Frames;; 9) Connections onnections;; 10) Torsion orsion Members Members;; Index.

2.4. 2.4.

2.5. 2.5.

Gorenc B., Tinyou R., R., Syam A. Published Published by Uni Univers versiity of New New South Wales Press 334 Pages

Worked orked Exampl Examples es for Ste Steel el Structures 3rd edition 1997 Bradford M.A., Bridge R.Q., Trahair N.S. 88 Pages

AISC Code

AISC Code

200 20 0

The first two editions of Worked Examples to AS 4100 have esta establi blishe shed d it as a fundamental fundamental teachi teaching ng tool for both both stude tudent ntss and and des designers gners of steel teel structures structures.. Thisthirdedition retainsthe retainsthe same same format and content of the last edition updated for current steel steel grades and Standards. Standards. Worked Examples is written by prominent members of the Standards Australi Australiaa co mmittee mmittee which prepared AS 4100 and provides an extensive series of worked examples whichdemonstratetheapplicationofthememberand the connector connector design design rules. rules. Each example makes referencetorelevantAS4100clausenumbers,other publicati publications ons where appropriate appropriate,, cross cross reference referencess to other other worked worked exampl examples es in the public publicat ation, ion, and inclusion of data from the AISC Design Capacity Tables for Structural Steel, Steel, 2nd edition, Volume Volume 1 -Open Sections Sections to showthe typicalapplication typicalapplication of the tables to steel design. Theneweditionincorporate TheneweditionincorporatessAmendments1,2 Amendments1,2 and3 to AS 4100 as as well well as changesto changesto the the base base steelgrade steelgrade of OneSteel,f ormerly orm erly BHP, BHP, hot-- rolled steelsections to a base base Grade 300. Worked Examp les for Steel Steel Struc tructu ture ress wil will conti continue nue to be a curre current nt and and comprehensi comprehensive ve teaching teaching tool for the limit limit stat states es design design of steel teel struct structure uress to AS 4100, and will will continue to assis assistt both designers designers and students students alike. alike. Contents: Contents: 1) Introdu ction; ction; 2) Materials Materials;; 3) General Design Design Requirements equirements;; 4) Methods Methods of Struct Structural ural Analys Analysis is;; 5) Member Memberss Subje Subject ct to Bending; ending; 6) Members Members subject subjectss to Compress ompression; 7) Members Members subjectto subjectto Tension; ension; 8) Memberssubjectto Combined Actions; 9) Connectors; References.

5

Steel Designe Steel Designers’ rs’ Handbook Handbook 6th edition 1996

220 22 0

The Previous five editions of the publication have generally been considered considered a valuable and practical practical text text on the permis permisssible ible stres tresss design design of steel teel structures. structures. The sixth sixth editionsees editionsees a major revision revision in designp designp hilosophy hilosophy toembrace thelimit thelimit state statesdesi sdesign gn methodof Austra Australi lian an StandardAS StandardAS 4100-- 1990. The publicati publication on continues continues the theme o f providing a practic practical al insight insight to the theoreti theoretical cal background, Standard Standard requirementsand requirementsand techniquesfor techniquesfor thedesign thedesign of structural elements for a wide range of steel structures structures -- in this instance instance to AS AS 4100 . Significant Significant coverage coverage isgivento member and connection connection design design to Secti ection on 4 to 9 of AS 4100 with with als also some consideration given to the other limit states of the Standard. Standard. A large large range of numerical numerical examplesand examplesand illustrations are included to assist the student and practising engineer. Contents: 1) Introduction; 2) Material & Design Requirem equirement entss; 3) Des Design Loads Loads; 4) Struct Structura urall Analysi Analysiss; 5) Beams & Girders Girders;; 6) Compress ompression Members; 7) Tensi Tension on Members; 8) Connections;9) Connections;9) Plast PlasticDesign; icDesign; 10) Structural Structural Framing;APPENDIX Framing;APPENDIX

2.6. 2.6.

Design Design of Port Portal al Frame Frame Buildi Buildings ngs S Woolcock, S Kitipornchai, Kitipornchai, M Bradford. 3rd Edition 1999 320 Pages

AISC Code

180 18 0

IntheAustraliancontext,thispublicationisregarded asoneofthemostpracticalpublicationsonthedesign of steel steel portal framed buildings buildings.. The genesis genesis of this

STEE STEEL L CONSTRUCTIO UCTION N VOLUME VOLUME 35 NUMBER2, JUNE 2001 2001

work wasnoted inan on-- technicalpaper presentedin October1 985 which considered some grey areason the topic. This wasthen followed by thepublication ofadesignhand book on steelportalframedbuildings initially based on a permissible stress design approach and subsequently three limit statesdesign editions were p ublished. The limit states editions are based on AS 4100. Throug h an evolving process, the recently released thirdeditionhasbeencompletelyrewritten toreflect changesthat haveoccurred inthe industryas wellas in associated Standards and design aids. These include: !

!

!

!

!

!

the change in basic steel grade from 250 MPa to 300 MPa changes in loading Standards - e.g. changes in roof wind loads in Amendment No.2 to AS 1170 reflecting on the change in the design code for cold-- form ed steel structures to limit states principles (i.e. from AS 1538 to AS/NZS 460 0) reference to, and use of, the recently released limit states purlin and girt design tablesfrom Lysaght and Stramit a new chapter on design of portal framed buildings with overhead travelling cranes (including crane runway girders and monorail beams) design of footings and slab-- on-- groun d for foundationsfor steelportal framedbuildings.

Design capacity tables provided in the third edition (and not released elsewhere) include: !

!

!

top flange and above top flange loading of crane runway girders (composed of standard combinations of UBs and WBs with PFC top flange ch annels) monorail beams (UB and WB)

2.7.

Portal Frame Design Charts 1st edition 1991 111 Pages S. Kitipornchai, L.W. Blinco, S.E. Grummitt

AISC Code

190

This publication will be a useful design aid for structuraleng ineersand studentsalike. It assistssteel designers in arriving at a cost-- effective structural solutiontosatisfyfunctionalrequirementsforportal frame buildings. The publication complementsthe AISC bo ok Limit State Design of Portal Frame Buildings by providing easy-- to-- use charts for the preliminary selection of Universal Beams (grade 250)andWeldedBeams(grade300)forcolumnsand raftersofpinnedbasesteelportalframes.Thebookis notintendedforuseinfinaldesignbutrathertostudy theeffectof variationsin framespacing,section size, eavesheight,rafter pitch and haunchingof therafter and for rapidly checking existing designs. A proforma portal frame design sheet issupplied in table format. Worked examples are provided to illustrate the typical application o f the design charts and the use of the proforma. Contents: 1) Introduction; 2) Portal Frame Parameters; 3) Loading; 4) Strength and Serviceability Limit States; 5) Analysis; 6) Procedure for Using Design Charts; 7) Design Examples; APPENDICES: A) Design Charts, B) Worked Examples, C) Preliminary Portal Frame Design Sheet

CHS and SHS roof and wall bracing struts (e.g. which account for the effect of self-- weight bending and axial compression).

As with the popular previous editions, the third edition considers all aspects of the design of portal framed buildings -- ie limitstates design philosophy, load evaluation, structural analysis, cladding, purlin/girt systems, primary structure -- rafter, columns and bracing, connections, materials handling structure and foun dations. Based on these issues, a substantial worked example is developed through publication.

STEEL CONSTRUCTION VOLUME 35N UMBER2, JUNE 2001

6

3. 3.1.

DESIGN CAPACITY TABLES Design Capacity Tables for Structural Steel 1st Edition 1991 AISC 424 Pages The first edition of the Design Capacity Tables for StructuralSteel isstill an important reference book for steel users of today. It contains limit states design capacities toAS4100insimilarformat to that of the second edition. AISC Code

110

This edition con tains steel grades and section sizes not included in Volume 1 of the second edition, including Grade 250 and 350 for all the hot-- rolled sections,andthediscontinuedlargeuniversalbeams and columns. An essential publication for those checking steel in existing structures. Contents: 1) Section Properties; 2) Design Action Effects;3)MemberssubjecttoBending;4)Members subjectto AxialCompression; 5) Memberssubjectto Axial Tension; 6) Members subject to combined Actions;7)Connections;8)Detailingparameters;9) Floor Plates; 1 0) Rails; 1 1) Gantry Girder

3.2.

Design Capacity Tables for Structural Steel 3rd Edition 1999 Volume 1: Open Sections AISC - 298 Pages Regarded as a ”must have”designaidforengineers,designers,fabricators and other specifiers of structural steel. AISC Code

122

The Design Capacity Tables for Structural Steel, (DCT) provides information for the design and detailing of structural steel members and connections. Data is presented in the limit states format of AS 4100. Thisvolumeof theDCT containsinformation on the readily available range of ”open” structural steel sections (WB,WC, UB, UC, PFC, TFC, TFB, EA &

7

UA). Also included are Grade 300PLUSt , thenew ”LeanBeams”,andincorporationofAmendments1 and 2 to AS 4100 . Significant enhancements have beenmadetothesecondedition,includingimproved table layout and easy to read design curves. Data in the DCT includes: dimensions and section properties; design section capacities; values for fire design;and designcapacitiesfor members subjectto bending, shear, bearing, axial compression, axial tension and combined actions. Also included are design capacities for bolts, welds and f loor plates; elastic buckling loads;detailing parameters; section properties for gantry girders and rails; and useful tables for angles subjects to flexural loadings about their rectangular axes (restrained and unrestrained) and angles in trusses. Sections are colour coded for quick and easy reference.Informativetextisincludedineachsection explaining the use of the tables, the relevantclauses of AS 4100, the method used to generate the tables and worked examples on the tables. Contents: 1) Introduction 2) Materials 3) Section Properties 4) Methods of Structural Analysis 5) Members subject to Bending 6) Members subjectto Axial Compression 7) Members subject to Axial Tension8)Memberssubjecttocombined Actions9) Connections 10) Detailing Parameters 11) Floor Plates 12) Rails 13) Gantry Girders

3.3.

Design Capacity Tables for Structural Steel 2nd edition 1999 Volume 2: Hollow Sections. AISC 238 Pages An invaluable tool for structural designers, the 2nd edition of Design CapacityTablesforStructural Steel, Volume 2: Hollow Sections (DCTv2ed2) is the most comprehensive set o f member design aids for structural steel h ollow sections (CHS, RHS SHS). AISC Code

140

The publication is in limit states format to AS 4100 -- 1998 : Steel Structuresand iscomplementary to Volume 1: Open Sections in the AISC DCT publication series. Due to the growing popularity of hollow section construction there been a significant increase in the rangeandassociated gradesof thissection type.The

STEEL CONSTRUCTION VOLUME 35 NUMBER2, JUNE 2001

DCTv2ed2 provides up-- to-- dateinfor mation on the full range of Australian manufactured hollow sections complying with AS11 63. Additionally, the 1998 version of AS 4100 included somesignificant changes to the hollow section design provisions. These changes have also been incorporated in DCTv2ed2. Other features of DCTv2ed2 include tables associated with section properties, surface areas, telescoping sections, maximum d esign loads for simply supported beams with full lateral restraint, design sectionm oment (including torsion) and web capacities, design moment capacities for members without full lateral restraint and design member capacities in axial compression/tension. The text includesdatausedtogeneratethetables,information relevant to common applications, useful examples and notingof clauses/equationsin AS4100 whichare specific to hollow sections. Contents: 1) Introduction; 2) Materials; 3) Section Properties; 4) Methods of Structural Analysis; 5) MembersSubjecttoBending;6)MembersSubjectto AxialCompression;7)MembersSubjecttoTension; 8) Members Subject to Combined Actions; 9) Connections.

4.

STRUCTURAL CONNECTIONS

4.1.

Bolting of Steel Structures 3rd edition 1990 Firkins A., Hogan T.J. 56 Pages. Bolts are widely used for connections in steel structures due to their efficiencyandeconomy. AISC Code

100

shear,tension,andcombinedshearandtension;(iv) detailing information (e.g. nominal bolt lengths, thread lengths, thread runs outs, etc.); ( v ) methods of installation; and ( vi ) methodsand guidancefor selecting corrosion prevention systems. A subject index is included. Co nten ts: 1 ) In tro du ctio n; 2 ) Sco pe; 3 ) Characteristics of Structural Bolts; 4) Bolting Categories; 5) Design of Bolts; 6) Bolt Length Selection; 7) Detailing; 8) Installation o f Bolts; 9) Corrosion Protection; 10 ) Econom ical Design and Detailing; 11) Summary of Bolt Usage; 12) References;APPENDICES:A)Detailsofcommonly used bolts nuts and washers, B) Details of special bolts nuts and washers, C) Design capacities strength limit state, D) Design Capacities Serviceability limit state, E) Design Capacities fatigue limit state.

4.2.

Footipak is a joint initiative between AISC and Speedibolt (Geebung, Qld) for a standardised basplateand h oltingd own system for the Australian market. The concept invo lves pre-- manufactured items as stock items in a kit form. Each kit has base plate, HD bolts, WebLok cage, nuts, washers and a timber template. The WebLok cage is a galvanised strip which may be easily wrapped around the HD boltsinsituandreadilyadjustedto avoidreinforcing or other services. ThedesignmodelisbasedontheAISCColumnBase Plate-- Pinned TypeConnection using the yoeld line method. Kits are available for hollow steel sections as well as for open sections. Details of the Footipak system will be incorporated in the next edition of the AISC Standard Connections. Current details can be found from the website www.speedibolt.com

4.3. Described as a publication that ”gives you thegood oilon boltsby acouple of nuts”, thisbook coversthe many aspects of the bolting of steel structures. Information on the design, detailing and specification of bolts, nuts and washers ispresented. Now in its third edition, Bolting of Steel Structures providesdesign informationbasedonthelimitstates format of AS 4100.

Standardised Base Plate and Holding Down Bolt System -- Speedibolt “Footipak”

Standardized Plate Components

A potential source for these is at www.e-- steel.co m.au

Using easy to follow tablesan d diagrams, the topics covered included:( i)commonlyspecified bolttypes and their characteristics; ( ii ) methods of identification; ( iii ) design capacities for bolts in


8

4.4.

Design of Structural Connections 4thedition1994339Pages Hogan T.J., Thomas I.R. See also corrigenda on AISC website. AISC Code 160

Codes for design of steel structures primarily deal with member design and provide only the basic information for fastener and overallconnectiondesign. This publication supplements these codes by providing rational design models for a range of the commonly specified connections in structural steelwork that are presently used in Australia. Edition 4 is to the limit states Standard AS 4100, maintaining a similar format to previous working stresseditions. Mostco nnection srelatetohot-- rolled I and channel sections. Flexible connections (angle seat, bearing pad, flexible end plate, angle cleat, web side plate, stiff seat, bracing cleat), rigid connections (welded moment and bolted moment end plate), splices (welded and bolted) and base plates (pinned) are considered. The publication has an accompanying commentary which details the research and basisof each connection’s models. Contents:1) Introduction;2) Notation;3) Designof Connection Elements; 4) Design Models for Connections; 5) Commentary; 6) References; APPENDICES: A) Design Aids -- Bolts and Bolt Group s; B) Design Aids - Welds and Weld Groups; C) Gauge Lines for Sections; D) Formulae for Section Propertieso f Single Web Coped I-- Sections; E) Design Aids for Recommended Design Models; F) Formulae for Section Properties o f I-- Sections with Holes;G) Projected Areaof Overlapping Stress Cones for Anchor Bolt Groups; H)User’s Guidefor Computer Program ”LIMCON”

4.5.

Design of Structural Steel Hollow Section Connections 1stedition1996256Pages Volume 1: Design Models Syam, A.A., Chapman, B.G. 170 AISC Code Structural Steel Hollow Section (SSHS) have been used by designers for many years.

9

Theirsmoothcleanlinesand engineeringefficiencies provide great appeal. However,despitetheincreaseduseofSSHSinrecent years and significant research undertaken (e.g. for welded joints in trusses), little attention has been given to the design of SSHS connections in ”non - architectural” structures -- p articularly in the Australian context. In recognising this situation, AISC has published Design of Structural Steel Hollow Section Connections (DHSC), Volume 1: Design Models. The types of conn ections considered in the DHSC include:baseplate;sideplate;bracingcleat;flattened end; welded tee end; slotted end plate; mitred knee; Y & T welded; X welded; K & N gap; and K & N overlap. The DHSC is a specialist publication fo r SSHSconnections which reflects thecurrent stateof knowledge of such connection behaviour. The publication contains information on general design and detailing parameters, referenced Standardsandd esignm odels. The generalformato f each design model includes diagrams and notation definingthejoint,listingofvariousreferenceswhich developed thedesign model, additionalnotes on the application of the model, a description of various design action effects acting o n the con nection, the design model and substantial worked examples to illustrate the use of the design model. It is believed that the DHSC will fill a real need in the design community for practical connections for SSHS. Contents: 1) Introduction; 2) Design parameters;3 ) Base Plate; 4) Cap Plate; 5) Side Plate; 6) Bracing Cleat;7) FlattenedEn d-- CHS;8) Welded Tee End; 9) Slotted End Plate; 10) Mitred Knee; 11) Y & T Connections; 12) X Connections 13) K & N Gap Connections; 14) K & N Overlap Connections; 15) Appendix A: Recommended Weld Details

4.6.

Standardised Structural Connections 3rd edition 1985 AISC 68 Pages AISC Code

360

One of the prime objectives of the manual is to minimise the possibled etailconfigurationsofconnections by providing only onebasic detailcontaining all essential elementsforeachconnection type.


This publication provides standard details for the details for the com monly specified structural steel connections. Information such as standardised parameters, standard connection components and their designations, bolting layouts, detail drawings and safe load tablesof jointsare presented in an easy to follow table and diagram format for each connection. The safe load tables were calculated using the design models in the AISC publication DesignofStructuralConnections(thirdedition)and thus are based on the workingstress designm ethod.

The aim of this publication is to gather some of the relatively recent information on the subject and to highlightthoseareaso f the designof cranerunaway girders(fortop runningcranes) whichdifferfro mthe familiardesignroutinesofsteelstructures. Themain emphasis is placed on the special nature and combination of crane loads resulting from crane operation, on analysis and detail design of the top flange area, and on the design of those parts of the building directly adjacenttocranerunway girders.A section index is included.

Standard con nections considered include: flexible (angle seat, bearing pad, flexible end plate, angle cleat, web side plate), rigid (fully welded, bolted moment end plate) and splices (bolted, welded). Some information is also pro vided on purlin cleats and column base plates. The details provided have beenacceptabletodesigners,fabricatorsanderectors for a number of years.

Contents: 1) Introduction; 2) Runway and Crane System;3) Classification of Cranesand Runways;4 ) Crane Loads; 5) Structural Analysis; 6) Design Procedure; 7) Design for Fatigue Resistance; 8) Deflection Limits; 9) Detail Design; 10) Rails and Accessories; 11) Materials, Fabrication, Workmanship and Tolerances; 13 ) Inspection and Maintenance; Appen dices: Glossary, References.

Note This edition is based on the working stress design method. Only photocopies are available.

5.2.

Contents: 1) Preliminary Considerations; 2) Standard Parameters; 3) Standard Connection Components;4) GaugeLines; 5) Coping; 6) Bolting Layout; 9) Standard Connection Designations; 10) Values of Vmin; 11) Brief Commentary on Connection Types; 12) Standard Flexible Connections; 13) Standard Rigid Connections; 14) Splices; 15) Purlin Cleats; 16) Column Base Plates; 17) Additional Uses for Standard Components;18) Connection Variantsfo r RHS and CHS; 19) Further Reading NOTE: AISC expects to publish a Limit States Version of Standardised Connections late in 2001

5.

SPECIALIZED STRUCTURAL DESIGN GUIDES

Please note that a number of the following publications were the result of research and developmentcarriedoutbyBHPandtheprintedform may display the BHP logo. With the spin off of Onesteel and subsequent BHP restructuring, it is likely that printed book letswith the BHP logo may nolongerbeavailable.Itistobehopedthattheresults of thevaluable workwillstillbe availablein alternate forms in the future.

5.1.

Crane Runway Girders 2001 Limit States Design

Gorenc B.E. Approximate pu blication date - August 2001 Forcranerunwaygirdersthedesignermustconsider the interaction of the mechanical (crane) and structural (supporting) systems.


Crane Runway Girders 1983 Gorenc B.E. 54 Pages AISC Code

340

Forcranerunwaygirders thedesignermustconsider the interaction of the mechanical (crane) and structural (supporting) systems. Working stress design method. The design of these membersis notfully covered in either the working stress Steel Structures Code (AS 3990/ AS 1250) or the Crane Code (AS 1418) -althoughbothcodesprovidemuchguidanceonhow to deal with individual design aspectsof the system. This publication gathers information on thesubject and highlights those areas of the design of crane runawaygirders(fortoprunningcranes)whichdiffer from the familiar design routinesof steelstructures. Themainemphasisisplacedonthespecialnatureand combination of crane loads resulting from crane operation, on stress analysis and detaildesign of the topflangearea,andonthedesignofthosepartsofthe building directly adjacenttocranerunway girders.A section index is included. Contents:1) Concepts; 2) Loads; 3) Design o f Crane RunawayGirders;4)Rails;5) SupportingStructure; 6)FabricationandMaintenance;7)DesignExample; 8)References;APPENDICES:A) Enquiry/Orderfor supply of crane, B) Survey results - crane girderand rails

10

5.3.

Design of Cold-- Formed Steel Structures 3rd edition 1997 Hancock G.J. 240 Pages AISC Code

5.4.

Trahair N.S., Irvine H.M., Ansourian P., Rotter J.M., Abel A.

150

This book explainsthe background to the design rules of AS/NZS 4600 :1996 -- Cold-Formed Steel Structures which is in limit states format. As cold-- formed memb ers are usually thinner than hot-- rolled m embers structural stability has to be checkedmorethoroughlybythedesigner.Thebook examines the buckling of cold-- formed membersin detail. Thethird editionincludesthe latest developmentsin cold-- formedsteel design.Tho ugh basedon the1996 edition of the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI)Specification for theDesign ofCold-- Formed Steel StructuralMembers, thereare someadd itional rulesthathave beenincludedin AS/NZS4600:1996 which are not contained in the AISI document. The new rules include unstiffened elements with stress gradient, distortional buckling of beams and columns, use of high strength steels (G450, G500, G550), earthquake provisions and blind riveted connections.Furtherinformationisgivenonthelimit states design of rack systems. Detailed examples consider practicaldesign situationsand arepresented in a simple format. RegardedasanauthoritativecommentarytoAS/NZS 4600:1996, this publication will greatly assist practitioners and students in understanding the behaviour and design of cold--formed steel structures. Contents: 1) Introduction; 2) Materials and Cold Work of Forming; 3) Buckling Modes of Thin-- Walled Members in Compression and Bending;4)StiffenedandUnstiffenedCompression Elements; 5) Beams, Purlins and Bracing; 6) Webs; 7)CompressionMembers;8)MembersinCombined Axial Load and Bending; 9) Connections; 10) Frames; 11) Steel Storage Racking.

11

Structural Design of Steel Bins for Bulk Solids -- 1983

198 3 -- 30 Pages AISC Code 370 This publication is concernedwiththestructural behavior, analysis and design of axisymmetric steel bins for bulksolids. Based on the wor king stress method of design, the topics considered in this publication include: suggestions for load determination; a discussion on linear analysis of steel bins; the application of the results of linear analysis to design against yielding; asummaryofbucklingbehaviorofsteelbinelements undervariousloadingsituations;andsuggestionsfor designing against buckling and combined yielding and buckling. Additionalinformation is also presented on analysis for earthquake loading (to AS 2121) and design againstfatigueandfracture.Extensivereferencesare provided for further reading. Contents:1)Introduction;2) Materials;3) Loads;4) SupportingStructures;5)StressDistributioninSteel Bins;6) Design Against Yielding; 7) Design Against Buckling; 8) Design AgainstYielding and Buckling; 9)AnalysisforEarthquakeLoading;10)Fatigue;11) Brittle Fracture and Lamellar Tearing; 12) References; 13) Notation Note: Spon Press have published (2001) a new book by Prof Rotter, Guide for the Economic Design of Circular Metal Silos. In addition to structural design requirements (slanted towards Eurocoderequirements),the booklooksatloadings, analysis and failures of silos.

5.5.

Floor Vibration in Buildings - Design Methods - 1990 Murray T.M. 20 Pages AISC Code

400

This publication provides twop aperswritten by Professor Thomas Murray. Professor Murray is a world expert on the phenomenon of human induced floor vibrations in buildings. STEEL CONSTRUCTION VOLUME 35 NUMBER2, JUNE 2001

A visiting AISC sponsored speaker in 1990, he presented the following papers: Acceptability Criterion for Occupant-- Induced Floor Vibrations and Floor Vibration in Buildings - State-- of-- the-- Art Summary.

Appen dices - survey, fire resistance requirements, designs and costing, d esign example, profiled steel sheeting design, atmospheric classification, the rational costing method.

The papers primarily focus on composite steel/concrete floor systems and contain analytical procedures to determine the acceptability of propo sed floo r systems suppo rting residential or office type environments. Appendices include design procedures for office and residential environments and a worked example.

5.7. DuraGal R Mezzanine Flooring System OneSteel February 20 01 20 pages The DuraGal Mezzanine Flooring System offers a high strength lightweightsteelflooring system for new or existing buildings.

5.6. Economical Carparks A Design Guide

Ken Watson, John Cottam and Spiros Dallas Published by BHP Integrated Steel Marketing -Construction & Engineering FirstEdition,Oct. 1998,2nd EdJuly 2001available in PDF format from OneSteel.

Thispublicationhasadescriptionofthestandardized components; design charts for selecting bearersand joists for single, cantilevered o r co ntinuous spans; column capacity charts for 3 and 5kPa loadings; assembly and bracing requirements; footings, stairway s an d h an dr ail co mp on en ts an d specifications. Brief notes on fire safety and corrosion complete the document.

5.8.

Industrial Light Beam

This design guide was prepared to assist engineers, architects, quantity surveyors, builders and developersproduceandcostpreliminarydesignsfor steel carparks. The guide presents nine carpark schemes which can be combined or modified to suit the given layout.

Industrial Light Beams(ILB) are a stiff, strong and lightweightsteelsectionfabricatedfromtwo RHSor SHS chords with a trapezoidal folded plate web weldedbetweenthechords.Thebeamsareapplicable to a range of steel framing solutions providing excellent strength and stiffness to weight ratios.

The schemes utilise composite slabs with profiled steel decking, composite steel beams and steel columns. Extensive information is given for each scheme for slab details, beam and column sizes, number of shear studs, connection details and corrosionprotectionsystems.Costsarealsogivenfor each scheme.

Severallargeportalframedstructureshavebeenbuilt and the system permits the use of curved members.

Contents: 1) Introduction; 2) Steel Carparks; 3) Review of Existing Steel Carparks; 4) Layout of Carparks-- column location,headro om, gradients;5) Parking Modules -- single and multiple schemes, carpark efficiency; 6) Design Criteria -- Building regulations, d esign loads, structural system,b eams, decking, slabs, columns, lateral load resisting systems, stairs; 7) Durability - slabs, decking, structural steelwork, monitoring; 8) Costing -Methodology, costs, sensitivity of costs, different surface treatment systems, penetrations, column splices; 9) Case Study -- Deakin University Carpark; 10) Acknowledgements; 11) References;


ILBhavea33pagedesignbooklet“DesignCapacity Tables for ILBs” as well as software distributed by CDROM. For more information, contact ILB in Orange NSW by email at [email protected]

12

6.

FIRE RESISTANCE DESIGN AIDS

6.2.

BHP and OneSteel have spent considerable monies in the area of fire engineering and have produced a number of focused guidelines. It is likely that inthe near future, these bookletswill be published on CD.

6.1.

Bennetts I.D., Thomas I.R., Proe D. J., Szeto W.T. 71 Pages AISC Code 420

Guidelines for Assessment of Fire Resistance of Structural Steel Members - 1987

This handbook summarises standard fire testd ata for specific fireprotection materials applied to steel members and composite beams.

Bennetts I.D., Proe D.J., Thomas I .R. 20 Pages AISC Code

410

This publication sets out the requirements for the design of composite steel beams(i.e.steelbeamconnected to a concrete slab) to resist the efforts of fire. The book also specifies the means of attaining the required fire resistance levels as well as presenting background material on the subject. (NOTE:for steelmemb ersand connections-- with or without a specificfire protectionmaterial-- reference should now be made to Section 12 of AS 4100. Additional information can also be found by referencing ” Design of Steel Structures for Fire Resistance in Accordance with AS 4100”, Steel Construction, Vol.26 No. 3, August 1992.) This publication is based on a report prepared by BHP Research -- Melbourne Laboratories. Report No. MRL/PS69/87/003. Contents: 1) Scope; 2) Definitions; 3) Methods of Assessing Period of Structural Adequacy; 4) InterpolationofThermalPerformancefromaSeries of Tests; 5) Calculation of Temperature Conditions for Structural Adequacy; 6) Members with Web Penetrations;7 ) Connections-- Commentaryo n 1)to 5); APPENDICES: 1) Worked examples, 2) Use of simplifiedformulaforobtainingcriticaltemperature for beams, 3) Useofsimplifiedformulaforobtaining critical temperature for columns, 4) Behavior of composite beams in fires, 5) Influence o f concrete properties on beam temperatures.

Handbook of Fire Protection Materials for Structural Steel -- 1990

It assesses the materials on a consistent basis to enable the required thickness to be ascertained without reference to individual test reports. Values of Fire protection material thickness determinedinaccordancewiththishandbookmaybe deemed tosatisfy AS41 00 and the AISCdocument, Guidelines for Assessment of Fire Resistance of Structural Steel Members. All data been obtained from testswhich satisfy ther elevant requirementsof AS 1530 : Part 4-- 1985 . Contents: PartA: USEOF HANDBOOK-- 1)Scope; 2) Nomenclature; 3) Definitions; 4) General Principles; 5) Procedure for Determination of Material Thickness; 6) References; APPENDICES: 1) Basis for assessment of materials, 2) Influence of slab characteristics on perfo rmance of three-- sided m em bers. Part B: FIRE PROTECT ION MATERIAL DATA - Index to Material DataSheets; Material Data Sheets.

6.3.

Economical Carparks A Guide to Fire Safety Bennetts I.D., Poh K.W., Thomas I.R. March 19 99 30 Pages Ed 2 pub. by OneSteel avail. in PDF Aug 2001 Many multi-- level carparks have been built in Australia and New Zealand.

Steel columns and columns in conjunction with reinforced, composite or precast floors have been possible since changes to the Building Code of Australia which permitsthe useof bare steel inmany situations.

13


Contents: 1) Introduction: Steel carparks; 2) BCA Deemed-- to-- satisfy provisions: what is a carpark? what is Open-- deck? Spr inkler req uiremen ts, what situations allow the use of bare steel; 3) Fire Engineering Approach: alternative solutions for open-- deck or sprinklered carparks, carparks adjoining or below other parts; 4) Experimental Basis: open-- deck, closed and partially open carparks, carparks in multiclassified building, research outcome; 5) References; 6) Appendix: ESA/M of steel sections.

6.4.

Low-- Rise Office Construction A Guide to Fire Safety Bennetts I.D., Goh, C.C., Thomas I.R. OneSteel November 2000 63 Pages AISC Code

405

Contents: 1) Introduction: Steel construction, low-- rise office buildings; 2) BCA Deemed-- to-- Satisfy Provisions: BCA terms and concepts including rise in storeys and effective height, type of construction, fire compartments, exits, travel distance, fire-- resistance levels. Overview of provisions, building elements - FRL’s; 3)FireSafetyEvaluation:Whatcanwelearnfromthe fire record? What matters for fire safety? 4) Alternative Solutions: BCA objectives and performance requirements, recommendations, detailed requirements, etc.; 5) References; 6) Appen dices:Sprink leredand non -- sprinkleredoffice fire tests, barriers to fire spread - walls and roof, ESA/M of steel sections.

6.5.

Design of Sprinklered Shopping Centre Buildings for Fire Safety Bennetts I.D., Thomas I.R. , Poh K.W. OneSteel Nov. 2000 41 Pages AISC Code 406 The construction and extension of large shopping centreshadinvolvedonerous costs on developers


andownerswhichdidnotrelatetotherisktolifefrom fire in these b uildings. This publication is the result of a two year research projectanditpresentsamodifieddesignapproachthe aim of which is to enab le the d esigner to satisfy the fire safety objectives and relevant performance requirements of the BCA for these classes of buildings. Contents:1)Introduction;2)Background;3)Partsof Sh op pin g Cen tr e Bu ild in g; 4 ) Bu ild in g Characteristics; 5) Fire Safety Aspects; 6) Occupant Av oid an ce; 7 ) Sm ok e Dev elo pm en t an d Management;8) Fire Detection and Suppression; 9) Fire Spread and Management; 10) Brigade CommunicationandResponse;11) Managementof Fire Safety; 12) Conclusions and References; 13) Appendices:Example,exposedareatomassratiosof steel sections.

6.6.

Design of Sports Stand Buildings for Fire Safety -- June 1998 I.D. Bennets, K.W. Poh, S.L. Poon, I.R. Thomas P. England, N. Kurban G. And erson - 32 pages Ed 2 by OneSteel in PDF format, Aug. 2001 This pub lication app lies to sports stand buildings in open stadia, o f non combustible construction that fall outside clause C1.7 of the BCA.

Many impressive, multi-- level sports stadia have beenbuiltinAustraliarecentlywhichcontainquality facilities. The purpo seof thisbook isto considerthe firesafetyof thesecomplex buildingsand topresent design principles and procedures which will allow the fire safety objectives and relevant performance requirements of the BCA to be met. Contents: 1) Sports Stand Buildings; 2) Parts of Modern Sport Stands Buildings; 3) Historical Review; 4) Fire Safety Aspects -- Occupant avoidance, Smoke development and management, Fire detection and suppression -- Brigade communication and response, Fire spread and management; 5) References; Appendices: 1 Modelling of Fire Characteristics; 2 App lication of BCA Accessand Egress Requirementsto a Building; 3 Calculation of Evacuation Times; 4 Exposed Surface Area to Mass Ratios for Steel Sections; 5 Checking of Steel Member Size for Fire Adequacy.

14

7. 7.1.

ARCHITECTURAL AND DOMESTIC

7.2.

Span Tables and ConnectionDetailsforLintels, Roof and Floor Beams

The Use of Steel in Homes 1995 AISC Code 141 Pages

440

Produced with the assistance of many experts in the field, this publication provides information that will assist engineers and owner builders alike.

Presented in a simple, easy to follow format, Theuse of Steel inHomes (TUSH)includesinformative text on a wide variety o f issues pertaining to steel in housing. Byreferringto themain tablesin thebook, steel beam and column sizes can be quickly determined for use in domestic construction. The major advantage is that complex calculations and knowledge of DesignStandards arenot necessaryto determine the correct steel membersizes. Thebeam and column tables take into account any loads transmittedfromtimberfloors,concretefloors,steel sheet roofs and tiles roofsand also take into account windloads.Trussedandpitchedroofsareincludedas well as loadstransmitted from the roof to the floor. Tables are also included to enable users to quickly determine suitable steel wallmullions, lintels, gates, handrails, balustrades and stair stringers. Contents:1) Scope and general;2) The useof steelto enhancesiting andbuilding design;3) Floorbeams; 4) Walls; 5) Roof beams; 6) Stairs; 7) Handrails and balustrades; 8) Gate frames; 9) Removing columns under dwellings; 10) Corrosion Protection; 11) Determination of b eam sizes; 12) Determination of columns sizes; 13) Steel framed housing; 14) Composite steel/concrete floors; 15) Steel roof and wall cladding; 16) References; APPENDICES: A) Design Criteria; B) Worked Examples; C) Contact addresses.

BHP Structural Steel in Housing

28 pages July 1998

Contents:BHP (now OneSteel) Product Description &Range;SpanTableDesignData;Bearers;Strutting Beams; Strutting/Hanging Beams; Lintels Supporting Roof; Lintels Supporting Roof and Floor;LintelsSupportingStruttingBeam;Verandah Beams; Steel Sheet Roofs in High Wind Areas; LintelsSupportingMasonry;ConnectionExamples; Surface Treatment; Steel Supply.

7.3.

Architecture in Steel --1987 Ogg A. Published by RAIA 255 Pages 450 AISC Code This award winning publicationiselegantly presented with quality photographs and illustrations.Theauthor, Alan Ogg, highlights themanyfacetsofsteel inarchitecturaldesign.

NotonlyisAustralianarchitectureinsteelconsidered but world case studies arealso carefully highlighted toillustrateconceptualideas,overallframing system, connectiondetails,relationshipofcladdingtoframe, cladding details aswell asinteresting information of historical significance. Commercial high rise buildings, airp orts, steel-- framed hou ses, spor ting facilities and many other steel buildings and structures are examined in d etail. Contents: 1) Introduction; 2) Chronology and History; 3) Design in Steel;4) World Case Studies;5) Australian Case Studies; 6 ) Guide to Australian Buildings; 7) Bibliography; 8) Credits for Illustrations and Photographs.

15


7.4.

8.

Lintels A number of design chartsexist for specialisedproductswhichare available from different product manufacturers. Examples are the Galintel range of multi-- rib flat bar, the solid base Galintels, the solid base Galintel ’T’ bars and theGalintel Rendabar.

RefertotheGrahamGroupproductbrochuresorthe website at www.grahamgroup.com.au Refer also to Industrial Galvanisers website at www.indgalv.com.au

7.5.

Steel Gratings and Floor Mesh

Steelgratings and floor decks,both of open mesh or solid plate are a common steel component in industrialp lantsaswellasaccessto other mechanical plant and mezzanine floors. For design information on Weldlok gratings and drainage products, refer to the Weldlok website at www.weldlok.com.au

7.6.

Stairs and Railings

A number of companies manufacture standard stanchions and railing com ponents. An examp le is the Weldlok Balltube system, one of the productsof the Graham Group (see above).

7.7.

Guardrails

Design info rmation on crash barriers are available from Industrial Galvanisers -www.civilproducts.indgalv.com.au

7.8.

Lighting Poles

Design information on steel lighting poles are available fr om Ind ustrial Galvanisers www.poles.indgalv.com.au


8.1.

FABRICATION Commentary on the Structural Steel Welding Standard 1992 A. Syam Editor 72 Pages 470 AISC Code Jointly published by theWeldingTechnology Institute of Australia (WTIA) and AISC, this Technical Note (TN) provides a valuable commentary to AS/NZS 1554: Structural Steel Welding.

Allfive partsof theStandard are considered-- i.e.Part 1: Welding of steel structures; Part 2: Stud welding (Steel studs to steel); Part 3: Welding of reinforcing steel;Part4: Welding of high strength quenched and tempered steels, and; Part 5: Welding of structures subject to high levels of fatigue loading. TN 11 is intended to complement the Standards by explaining its application to welded steel construction. This is accomplished by providing muchbackgroundmaterial,furtherinterpretationof clauses, and reflects on typical industry practice in various areas. The publication is easily cross-- referenced with the Standards by the use of a similar clause/heading numb ering system. Significantcon sideration isalso given to theintentof the related design Standards - AS 4100 Steel structures, AS 3990 Mechanical equipment -- Steelwork, AS/NZS Cold-- form ed steel structures and NZS 3404 Steel structures standard. Practitioners and students in the structural/ mechanical engineering and fabrication areas will findthispublicationveryusefulandeasytointerpret. Contents: Introduction; Scope; Terminology; Section A: Welding of Steel Structures; Section B: Stud Welding (Steel Studs to Steel); Section C: Welding of Reinforcing Steel;Section D: Welding of High Strength Quenched and Tempered Steels; Section E: Welding of Steel Structures Subject to HighLevelsof Fatigue Loading;References; Listof WTIA Technical Notes.

16

8.2.

An Engineer’s Guide to Fabricating Steel Structures. Volume 1 -- Fabrication Methods

First Edition August 2001 John Taylor 160 pages Contents:1) Materialfo r SteelStructures; 2) Cutting and Forming Steel; 3) Heat Treatment; 4) Joining Processes; 5) Arc Welding Processes; 6) Manual Metal Arc Welding; 7) Submerged Arc Welding; 8) GasMetal Arc and Flux Cored Arc Welding; 9) Gas Tungsten Arc Welding; 10) Arc Stud Welding; 11) Mechanisation of Welding and Cutting; 12) Weldability and Welding Defects; 13) Glossary.

8.3.

An Engineer’s Guide to Fabricating Steel Structures. Volume 2 -- Detailing for Fabrication and Quality Management

First Edition expected late 20 01 John Taylor approx. 134 pages

8.4.

Quality Assurance and the Fabricator

Gregory R Goad, 1991 This publication (in photocopy version only) were producedas partof a workshop heldjointly with the National Industry Extension Service to aid fabricators in their endeavours to embrace the principles of Quality Assurance. The document has been designed to aid with the interpretation of the requirements of the Australian Standard AS3902 as they relate to quality and the steel fabrication industry and may act asa catalystto thedevelopmentofaqualitymanualandtheadoption of quality principles. Contents: 1) Explanatory Notes for developing a CorporateQualityManual;2)ExplanatoryNotesfor developing an Operational Procedures Manual; 3) ExplanatoryNotesfordevelopingaWorkInstruction Manual.

17

9. 9.1.

GENERAL Roark’s Formula for Stress and Strain 6th edition 1989 Young W.C. Published by McGraw-Hill 763 Pages AISC Code 460 Note: 7th Edition available later in 2001

This book is a tremendous time and cost saver for engineers who design and analyse structural elements, and need to quickly know whether these components will withstand the physical and environmental stresses to which they are subjected. Formulae are given for stressesand deformation in bars, beam, frames, plates, shells and vessels when subjected to concentrated loads, moments and deformations as well as various simple distributed loadings.Thereare resultsfor natural frequenciesof various loadings on beams. This p ublication is an excellent reference book compact yet detailed - and gives a summary o f formulae, facts, and principles pertaining to the strengthand deformationsof materials. A nameand subject index are included. Contents: 1) Definitions;2) The Behavior of Bodies under Stress; 3) Principles and AnalyticalMethods; 4) Experimental Methods; 5) Propertiesof a Plane Area; 6) Tension, Compression, Shear, and Combined Stress; 7) Beams; Flexure of Straight Bars; 8) Curved Beams; 9) Torsion; 10) Flat Plates; 11)ColumnsandOtherCompression Members;12) Shells of Revolution; Pressure Vessels; Pipes; 13) Bodies under Direct Bearing and Shear Stress; 14) Elastic Stability; 15) Dynamic and Temperature Stresses; APPENDIX.


10. COMPOSITE CONSTRUCTION Many of the OneSteel Composite Design Manuals are available on CDROM from AISC (Code 515).

10.1. SAA HB91--1997 Composite Beam Design Handbook 1997 Jointly published by AISC and Standards Australia Available through Standards Australia ThecompositeBeamDesign Handbook has primarilybeenwrittentoassist design engineers perform calculations in accordance with AS 2327.1 - 1996 . The new concepts introduced in AS 2327 .1-- 1996 have been briefly explained and a limited commentary on the important design clauses has been given. A complete and detailed worked example is progressivelyp resented through several chapters to outline the calculations necessary to design atypicalcompositebeam. Thehandboo kalso contains design tables which primarily pro vide the design moment capacities for a wide range of practical comp ositebeam cross-- sections. The tables may be used inconjunction withAS 2327.1-- 1996to improve the efficiency of the design process. Contents: 1) Introduction; 2) Materials; 3) Overall Design Process; 4) Design Loads; 5) Effective Sections; 6) Design for Strength; 7) Design for Serviceability; 8) Design of Shear Connectors; 9) Transfer of Longitudinal Shear in Concrete; 10) Design for Fire Resistance; Appen dices: A) Design Tables; B) Tables fo r Shear Connector and Lo ngitudinal Shear Reinforcement Design; C) Design Examples (using tables); D) Design for Construction Stages

10.2. DB1.1 Design of Simply Supported Composite Beams for Strength OneSteel Composite Structures Design Manual Design Booklet DB1.1 Edition 2 Feb 2 001 48 Pages on CDROM 515 AISC Code

A design booklet covering the strength design of simply-- supported compositebeams, whichen ables significant construction cost savings which can be consistently achieved, compared with previous practice. This booklet does not cover design for serviceability, shear connectors or fire resistance. Contents:1)Scopeand General;2) Terminology;3) Design Concepts; 4) Design Models; 5) Design Approach; 6) Design Rules; 7) Worked Examples;8) References; Appen dices - Design Tables,No tation.

10.3. DB1.2 Design of the Shear Connection of Simply-- Supported Composite Beams to AS 2327.1-- 1996 OneSteel Composite Structures Design Manual Design Booklet DB1.2 Edition 1 Feb 2001 97 Pages on CDROM AISC Code 515 Dr. Qing Quan Liang Dr. Mark Patrick Centre for Construction Technology and Research This is the sixth bo oklet in the Composite series. Contents: 1) Scope; 2) Terminology; 3) Design Concepts: purpo se of shear connectors, load-- slip behaviour ofshear connectorsand factorsaffecting this behaviour, effects of p rofiled steel sheeting, longitudinal shear surfaces and the role of reinforcement (types1-- 4); Design Models: ductile shear connection model, simplified longitudinal shear surfaces, con nector shear capacity, ductile shear force model, uniform shear flow model, shear--friction model; 5) Design Approach: COMPSHEARt input data, detailing pro filed steel sheeting, placement of shear connectors, design of concrete slab reinforcement and types 1-- 4 reo; 6) Design Rules: design objectives, detailing connectors perpendicular and parallel to the steel beam, anchorage and spacing requirements; 7) WorkedExamples:primaryinternalbeam,secondary edgebeam;8) References;9) Appendicesincluding design charts.

Dr. Daya Dayawansa Dr. Mark Patrick Rodney White


18

10.4. DB1.3 Design of Simply Supported Beams with Large Web Penetrations OneSteel Composite Structures Design Manual Design Booklet DB1.3 Edition 2 Feb 2 001 87 Pages on CDROM AISC Code 515 Dr. Cameron Chick Dr. Daya Dayawansa Dr. Chong Chee Goh Dr. Mark Patrick Rodney White A booklet covering the design of supported beams with large web penetrations, which enables significant construction cost savings which can be consistently achieved, compared with previous practice. Thisbooklet presentsthe additionaldesign information necessary to allow large web penetrationstobeincorporatedintosimplysupported bare steel and composite beams. Contents: 1) Scope; 2) Terminology; 3) Design Concepts;4)DesignModels;5)DesignApproach;6) Design Rules; 7) Aids for Strength Design; 8) Worked Examples; 9) References; Appendices -Nominal moment capacities for comp osite beams, bare steel beams, Design Capacity Tables, Notation.

10.5. DB2.1 Design of Continuous Composite Beams with Rigid Connections for Strength OneSteel Composite Structures Design Manual Design Booklet DB2.1 163 Pages on CDROM Edition 1 Feb 2 001 515 AISC Code Dr. Paul Berry Prof. Russell Bridge Dr. Mark Patrick Theinitialresearch and developmentwascarriedout at the BHP Melbourne Research Labs and thiswork has been completed at the University of Western Sydney Centre for Construction Technology and Research. This is the fifth booklet to be published for the Composite Design Manual which is being maintained by OneSteel.

19

Continuou s composite beams can offer significant benefitsoversimplysupportedbeamswithimproved strength, where reinforcement is present over the supports, and improved serviceability in terms of reduced deflections, improved vibration performance and crackcontrol of the concreteover the suppo rts. Contents: 1) Scope; 2) Terminology; 3) Design Concepts: general behaviour of continuous beams, section behaviour of members and connections, global analysis and behaviour; 4) Design Models: ductileshearconnection,moment-- shearinteraction, member cross-- sections in negative bending, partial-- depth andflush endplatecon nections,lateral torsionalbuckling;5)DesignApproach:designdata, preliminarydesign,strengthdesignforconstruction stages 3 thro ugh 6 and the in-- service condition, serviceabilityd esign; 6) Design Rules: design loads, construction, properties and classification of cross-- sections, m ethods of analysis, positive and negative moment member capacities, critical sections, design and distribution of the shear connectors, crack control; 7) Worked Examples: secondaryandprimarybeamsinacarpark,secondary beam in an office; 8) References; 9) Appendices: elastic propertiesof members in negative bending, elastic contraflexure analysis, negative moment capacity of members and end plate connections, design tables and charts parallel and perpendicular cases.

10.6. DB3.1 Design of Composite Slabs for Strength OneSteel Composite Structures Design Manual Design Booklet DB3.1 Edition 2 Feb 2001 56 pages on CDROM 515 AISC Code Dr. Chong Chee Goh Dr. Mark Patrick David Proe Rodney White A design booklet covering the strength design of composite slabs, which enables significant construction cost savings which can be consistently achieved, compared with previous practice. Contents: 1) Scope; 2) Terminology; 3) Design Concepts;4)DesignModels;5)DesignApproach;6) Design Rules; 7) Worked Examples; 8) References; Appen dices-- Referenced AS,Notation, Strengthfo r Profiled Sheeting Products, Design Moment and Vertical Shear Capacity Tables.


10.7. DB5.1 Design of the Web-- side--Plate Steel Connection OneSteel Composite Structures Design Manual Design Booklet DB5.1 Edition1November2000 on CDROM 515 AISC Code Dr. Paul Berry Prof. Russell Bridge Dr. Mark Patrick Dr. Andrew Wheeler Jamie Adams Theinitialresearch and developmentwascarriedout at the BHP Melbourne Research Labs and thiswork has been completed at the University of Western Sydney Centre for Construction Technology and Research. Partof asuiteo f design bookletscovering thedesign of simply supported and continuous composite beams, columns and slabs. The web-- side-- plate is a common connection type and an improved design method is presented based on the 1994 AISClimit statedesignmethodforstructuralconnectionsandan extensive test prog ram. The support condition can be stiffor flexiblewhich can lead to improved efficiencies and smaller connections. New work on design eccentricities, weld detailing, cleat thicknesses and rotational capacities are included. Contents: 1) Scope; 2) Terminology; 3) Design Concepts -- support conditions, mom ent-- rotation behaviour, design action effects on connection components,overloadcondition;4) DesignModels - general, support conditions, moment-- rotation model, rotation modelling, design action effects, component strengths; 5) Design Approach -identification of support conditions, connection design by detailed calculation, design using design shearcapacitytables,rotationandcapacitychecksby WSP-- STEEL; 6) Design Rules -- limit state requirements, design loads, rotational stiffness, design eccentricities, avoiding contact; 7) Worked Examples; 8) References; Appendices including design shear capacity tables.


10.8. Using Bondek: Design & Construction BHP Building Products Research and Development February 20 01 132 pages plus Bondek 2000 Software CDROM

This new publication supersedes eight previously published manuals of various titles. It tabulates the propping, composite slab data and fire design for various situations. New Bondek 2000 Software enables quick and economical solutions. Bondek profiled steel sheeting is the centre of a formwork and reinforcement system for concrete slab construction. This new publication embodies limitstatedesignapproachand isbased onextensive testing on Bondek profiles along with severalmajor new technical developments such as savings in n eg ativ e rein fo rcem en t d ue to m om en t redistribution, partial shear connection strength theory,reliablecontrolofflexuralcrackinginsupport regions and new reinforcement grades D500N and D500L. Contents: 1) Introduction -- design methods for Bondek, general design parameters, materials (sheeting,concrete,reinforcement),dimensionsand properties,corrosionprotection,designflowchart;2) Formwork Design -- general, application, deflection limits, formwork design loads; 3) Composite Slab Design - crack con trol option s, durability, design loads, linear elastic analysis, strength design for negative moments, positive moments, multiple spans, serviceability design; 4) Fire Design - fire resistanceperiods,designforinsulation andintegrity, structural adequacy, reinforcement for fire design etc.; 5) Construction -- safety, installation, reinforcement, concrete, finishing, suspended ceilings and services; 6) Worked Examples; 7) Design Tables -- single spans and 8) con tinuous spans;9)Bondek2000Software;10)References;11) Notation.

20

10.9. Fielders Kingflor Designer The trapezoidal ribs of KingFlor70providegreat strength an d stiffness that allowthesteeldeck tosupport large loads and span greater distances during construction. The L-shaped lapping ribs provide an easy connection between adjacent sheets and in conjunction with the dove-- tail ribs provide a strong and ductile rib shear connection after the concrete has hardened. FieldersKF70 isalready demonstrating it provides a fasterm ore costefficient solution on projectsaround the country. KF70. For further information on the CDROM, contact Fielders via the website at www.fielders.com.au

10.10. Stramit Condeck HP Structural Steel Deck Technical Design Manual 34 pages, August 1996 Published by Stramit Metal Building Products

Condeck HP (High Performance) is part of the Stramitrangeofconcretefloorsystems.Thismanual was updated following extensive testing at the University of Sydney.

10.11. Composite Steel Road Bridges Concepts and Design Charts Frank Rapattoni (BHP) DennisEastwood(Vicroads) Mark Bennett (RTA) Harry Cheung (RTA) Published by BHP Integrated Steel November 1998

An increasingly popularbridge superstructure isthe compositeconcrete deckand steelgirders (I,trough or box types). Thispublication hasbeen preparedto assistbridgedesignerswiththepreliminarydesignof economical composite I-- girder steel bridges using the 1996 Australian Bridge Design Code. Design charts in the document for spans up to 60 metres enable sufficient accuracy for preliminary cost estimating. Brief guidelines are given on a numberofaspectswhichinfluencetheeconomicsof steelbridges.Designliveloadshavebeenassumedto be the worst effect of T44 and HLP 400 for both serviceability and ultimate strength limit states. Contents: 1) General; 2) Preliminary Design; 3) Design Charts for BHP Standard Beam Bridges; 4) Design Charts for Multiple Plate Girder Bridges; 5) Design Charts for Twin Plate Girder Bridges; 6) Bridge Systems and Details for Economy; 7) SpecificationsforSteelworkFabrication;8)Surface Protection; 9) Safety -- Tips for Design and Construction; 10) Estimating Bridge Construction Costs; 11) References; 12) BHP Technical Support; 13) Steel Fabricators; 14) Steel Distributors.

Contents: Introducing Condeck HP; Features; Design Principles; Propping; Section Properties; Negative Reinforcement; Composite Slab Capacity Graphs; Design Examples; Installation; Architectural Details; Fire Resistance Design Information.

21


11. COMPOSITE DESIGN SOFTWARE 11.1.

Lysaght Bondek 2000 -- Version 1

This software is distributed on CDROM with the BHP Lysaght design manual Using Bondek: Design & Construction. It requires Microsoft Excel 95 to run. TheabovementionedmanualiscontainedontheCD as a PDF (Portable Document Format) file. The softwarewasused togeneratethe designtablesin the manual. Thereisa “readme” fileo f instructions.The software is an Excel 95 5/7spreadsheet which gives solutions that conform to AS 3600 - 1 994 Concrete Structures. In addition to the standard cases, it provides some additional options such as: !

!

interior spans thinner than end spans design of concrete-- frame buildings with band beams

!

all reinforcement grades and sizes lightweight concrete

!

superimposed dead, storage and live loads

!

fire ratings of 4 hours

!

! !

!

12. SOFTWARE Thereareanumberofsoftwarepackageswhichoffer considerable design and documentation tools. Because of the specialized nature and technical supportassociatedwiththesepackages,theAISCcan only draw attention to them. The AISCis howeverof the opinion thatinvestment in specialized software which permits closer integration of the design, structural analysis, steelwork modeling and documentation. To fully benefitfromthesepackagesrequiresaninvestmentin time for training and a commitment to utilize the features in order to gain overall efficiencies in steel construction.

12.1. Teaching 12.1.1.

HB83 - 1996 Steel Structures made Easy Publishedby StandardsAustralia asastudentguidetoAS4100,this CDROM has three levels of AS4100 :Novice - forfirstor second year engineering students; Advanced -- for third or fou rth year students, or in fact for most practicaldesign; and Expert - for all tiers in the code.

design with no crack control requirements design of formwork as continuous or discontinuous over permanent supports A2 exposure classification.

11.2. COMPBEAM (TM) Version 1.1 For simply supported composite beams

11.3. WEBPEN (TM) Version 1.1 For web penetration in simply supported beams

11.4.

WSP-- STEEL (TM) Version 1.0

For the d esign of web-- side-- plate connections

11.5. COMPSECT (TM) Cross-- section strength design of compo site beams

11.6. COMPSHEAR (TM) Fordesignofshearconnectionsincompositebeams. COMPBEAM, WEBPEN, WSP-- STEEL, COMPSECT and COMPSHEAR are all available on the OneSteel Composite Structures Design Manual Version 1.1 CDROM issued July 2001 along with the Design Booklets DB1.1, DB1.2, DB1.3, DB2.1, DB3.1, DB5.1 and SDB5.1. Contact OneSteel Market Mills on 1800 -- 1-- STEEL or at www.onesteel.com.au The Composite CD is also available from AISC. AISC Code 515 STEEL CONSTRUCTION VOLUME 35N UMBER2, JUNE 2001

For the Novice and Advanced levels, there is a runningcommentaryandbackgroundexplanations given aimed at that level of student. The CD also containsabout700 highdefinitioncolouredpictures of steel topics. These are organized in two groups a learning fashion related to each of the seventeen sections in the Code; and a Project album. The CD also contains steel section propertiesfor the open, welded and hollow sections together with designcapacitygraphs and two smallDOSprograms for selecting members for bending and columns.

12.2. Capacity Tables 12.2.1.

DCTplate - Design Capacity of Structural Steel Plates

DCTplate extends the range of solutions found in AISC’s Design Capacity Tables and most texts. It covers all grades of steel plate manufactured to AS 3678 o r AS 3597. Design is in accordance with AS

22

4100 or theAmerican AISCWorking Stress rulesfor plates whose yield stress exceeds 450 MPa.

ofextensivelyusedinformationhasbeencompressed into o ne simple easy-- to-- use in o ther software.

DCTplate features:

DCTcomp (Windows Version) is availableas part of the OneSteel Product Catalogue CDROM issued in July 2001.

!

!

!

!

Simple d esign forms that act as wizards to guide you. A drawing reflects your choices. Multiple forms for easy comparison of different designs. The ability to apply linearly varying loads to all or part of a rectangular plate.

Forfurtherinformation contacttheAISCbookshop: e-- mail: [email protected] AISC Code 535

Automatic checks for strength and/or serviceability.

13. STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS SOFTWARE

With DCTplate y ou can: !

!

!

!

Change support conditions by clicking the mouse on the drawing. Select cells from a grid for partial pad loads on rectangular plates Select grades and preferred plate thicknesses without consulting produ ct literature. Finally, print the key parameters and a drawing of your design.

12.2.2.

DCTcomp - Design Capacity Tables for Computers

DCTcompcovershotrolled,weldedandcoldformed sections plus welds and boltsthat canbe designedto AS410 0-- 1998 . DCTcomp ismuch mo re than just a list of section prop erties. It also features: !

!

!

!

!

!

!

Information from FIVE (5) publications in one package. Intelligent lists to let you quickly find information. No longer do you have to remember which hollow sections are available in a p articular steel gr ade. Simple buttons or menus to display all the information about a section. All design capacities on a single screen for the parameters you specify. No longer do you have to interpolate for effective lengths or combined actions. Browse b uttons to see alternative sections in the range. No longer do you have to flick pages. The program remembers and automatically updates as you change the display. An interactive calculator for the full range of bolt and ply combinations to help with connection design. Finally, print any display or copy values to the clipboard for use in other software.

If you use AISC’s Design Capacity Tables then DCTcomp isthesoftware for you ! Over 1,000 pages

23

13.1. Microstran - Analysis & Design of Structures Microstran is a comprehensive, easy-- to-- use software package for the analysis and design of all kinds of fr ame structures - beam s, trusses, frames, to wers, an d b rid ges. Stru ctu res m ay b e two-- dimensional or three-- dimensional, varying in size from a few members to many thousands of members. Microstran performs an automaticcheck of all input d ata prior to analysis. The consistency check will detect a range of modelling problems related to geometry and loading. Integrated LIMSTEEL is an optional modu les that permitsthedesign and checking of steel membersin accordance with AS 4100. Once the structure has been analysed the members may be designed or checked in accordance with the design code. Microstran’suser interface makesit easy to input the data necessary for steel design. Changes to the structure or loads can be assessed quickly by repeating the analysis/check cycle and then inspecting a graphical display of design r esults that shows inadequate members in red. ACADInterfaceisanintegralpartofMicrostranthat offersthecapabilityof exchanging3-- D databetween a structural model and CAD systems. A Microstran model may be created by importing a suitableCAD DXF and conversely, a Microstran model may be exported to a DXF that could become thebasisfor a CAD drawing. Optional steel detailing modules are available for StruCAD and Xsteel. For further information, contact Engineering Systems Pty Ltd or visit the website at www.microstran.com

13.2. Space Gass SPACE GASS is a general purpose structuralanalysis and design program for 2D and 3D frames, trusses, grillages and beams. It comes with a full complement offeaturesthatmake itsuitable forany


job fro m small beams, trusses and portal frames to large highrisebuildings,towers, cranesand bridges. Itemssuchasgraphicalinput,polarcoordinates,elastic supports, pin-- ended members, tension-- only members,rigidmemberoff sets,and non-- linearanalysis are all standard features. SPACE GASS for Windows has been designed so thatyouhaveeverythingatyou rfingertips. Themain graphics display, which is visible almost all of the time,isthe centralfocusof theprogram andconstantly shows the current state of the model;you can display up tofour viewports(windows), withdifferent views of the structure, at one time. The standard features in SPACE GASS include: ! !

!

!

Intuitive graphical user interface. Simple an d logical menu and toolbar button system off ering access to all pro gram features. Multiple viewports that allow you to display up to four different views of the model at once. SI-- Metric, Im perial or a u ser defined units system.

!

Graphical input and context sensitivemenus.

!

Datasheet input and text file input.

!

!

!

Rigid, sliding and pin-- ended members and supports.

!

3D member offsets.

!

! !

!

!

!

!

Advanced modelling at your fingertips - a flexible working evironment lets you build modelsquickly. Create, delete and manipulate elements with a comprehensivesetof tools,automated meshingand unlimited undo . Organise a complicated model into a simple set of parts using the Group Tree. Define y ou r o wn co or din ate sy stem s an d b eam cross-- sections. Check mesh quality with aspectratio and warping contours and free edge detection. Strand7 harnesses the power of Windows. Open multiple mod els at the same time. Cut-- and-- paste elements in 3D -- even between mo dels - and copy data to and from other Windows prog rams. Import geometry data from ACIS and DXF files. Strand7 also features !

Full data generation facilities for linear and curved structures.

Semi-- rigid joints.

!

Strand7 is fully-- integrated visual environment combinedwith a suite of powerfulsolversgivesyou unparalleled functionality in a single application. Construct models, run analyses and investigate results simultaneously using a seamless interface.

A Structure Wizard that guides you through the generation of standard structures.

!

!

13.3. Strand7

!

Tension-- only and comp ression-- only members. Standard section, m aterial, bolt, plate and weld libraries. All types of node and member loads and combinations. Load case enveloping. Linear an d n on-- linear analysis with wavefront optimization. Highly customizableand previewableoutput reports. Full node and member renumbering before or after other data has been input. Loading and deformed geometry diagrams. Bending moment, shear force, and axial force diagrams.

Forfurtherinformation,contactIntegratedTechnical Software in Geelong, Victoria or v isit the website at www.spacegass.com


!

!

an extensive element library: 1D: Beam, truss, spring, damper, catenary cable and contact elements (2D and 3D) 2D: Plane stress, plane strain, plate/shell, 3D membrane, shear panel and axisymmetric elements 3D: Tetrahedral, wedge, pyramid and hexahedral elements Constraints: Rigid links, pinned links, master/slave links, sector-- symmetry link s, coupling links a range of solvers: Static: Linear, buckling and non-- linear (geometric, m aterial and boun dary non-- linearity) Dy namic: Natural frequency, harmonic response and spectral response, Transient: Linear and n on-- linear (geometric, material and boundary non -- linearity) Heat transfer: Steady-- state and transient (linear and non-- linear) standard and specialize structural materials. industry standard data libraries such as steel section properties.

For further information contactG+D Computing in Sydney, o r v isit the web-- site at www.strand.aust.com

13.4. Multiframe Version 8 Formation Design Systems is a software developmentcompany specializing in3D modelling,analysis and design software. Specialist areas of app licationincludenavalarchitectureand shipconstruction, structural engineering and industrial design.

24

Multiframe’s flexible construction capabilities will dramatically reduce the time it takes you to set up structural models. This means fewer errors, more time for you to investigate design alternatives and a moreprofessionalresult.Othermodulesallowyouto draw section shapes and install them in the sections library. A built-- in calculation sheet allows you to prepare design calculations and app ly them to any partofanymember.Andaneverexpandingrangeof design add-- ons also allowsyo u tosimplify steel,timber and concrete code checking. Youcanproducevaryingreportstoprintoutarecord of tables, diagrams or calculations for all or just aselectedrangeofmembers.Youcanalsocopyandpaste or savefilesof results for your own post-- processing programs or reports. For more information, contact Formation Design Systems in Perth, or visit the website at www.formsys.com

13.5. e:Frame 3D framing design and analysis systems for steel framedbuildingthroughtonumericcontrolofplant equipment. e:Frame covers floors, walls and roof trusses of any configuration and to any design standard both locally and internationally. For further information see www.ess.com.au

14. MEMBER / JOINT DESIGN CHECKING SOFTWARE 14.1. Limcon V2 - Checking & Design of Steel Connections to AS 4100 Limcon, the companion program to the AISC publication Design of Structural Connections, permitscheckinganddesignofalltheconnectionsin this book. Limcon also includes the OneSteel Web Side Plate connection, described in Design Booklet DB5.1 Design of the Web-- Side-- Plate Steel Connection, published by OneSteel Market Mills (November 2 000). Limcon shows a dimensioned detail diagram of the connectionatalltimesduringthedesignprocess.The connectiondetailscanbesavedtoanAutoCADDXF at the click of a button. Printed output contains a detail diagram and fu ll results of all design checks. Limcon’s virtual reality viewer, in which different colours are used for each type of component, providesa useful visual check of arrangement and clearances.

25

Further information on Limcon is available at www.engsys.com.au. The program may be purchased from AISC or Engineering Systems.

14.2. LIMSTEEL LIMSTEELisacomputerprogramforthelimitstates design of steelstructures according to the Australian and New Zealand Steel Structures Standards AS 4100 -- 1998 and NZS 3404 :1997. LIMSTEEL can also design DuraGal channelsand anglesaccording to the Au stralian/New Zealand Cold-- Formed Steel Structures Standard AS/NZS 4600-- 1996. The program is available in three versions -- standalone, lite and integrated. Thestandaloneversionprovidesthedesignerofsteel structures with a simple, rapid, and economical methodtocheck,designorproportionsteelmembers and connectors. In the check mode, LIMSTEEL checks the capacities of a specified member or connector for the specified design actions. In the designmode,LIMSTEELchoosesthesmallestfrom a selected group of member sections or connector sizes which is adequate for the specified design actions. In theproportioning mode,the userinteracts with LIMSTEEL to proportion a welded I or bo x section member,or thestiffeners for such amember. LIMSTEEL LITE is a reduced student version of LIMSTEEL Standalone available free of charge. LIMSTEEL LITE allows the user to check o ne AS 4100 member ata time.The otherdata inputscreens forNZS3404andAS/NZS4600members,plateweb girders and welded box sections, stiffeners and connectorshave beendisabled,but remain visibleto theuser.LIMSTEELLITEcanon ly checkhot-- rolled I-- sections and rectangular and square hollow sections,and doesnot allow a reportto begenerated. The integrated version of LIMSTEEL is used in conjunction with the two structural analysis programs Microstran and SPACE GASS. These programs allow an analysis and design of the complete frame to be done. Visit the website at www.civil.usyd.edu.au/case/casesoft

14.3. ColdSteel/4600 ColdSteel/4600isacomputerprogramforthedesign of cold-- formed steelstructural membersto the limit states Australian/New Zealand Standard AS/NZS 4600:1996. The program runs in a standalone interactive mode under the Windows 95/98/NT operating systems.ColdSteel/4600 isintended to be used as a cold-- formed steel design calculator that facilitates the semi-- automated design of cold-- formed steelstructural membersb y freeingthe engineerfromthecomplexdetailofeffectivesection,


distortionalbucklingstressandotherdetaileddesign computations.

checks (yielding and non-- yielding) as well as a revamped user interface.

ColdSteel/4600 performs all the relevant member strength calculations for a rangeof commonlyused cold-- form edprofileshapesincluding anglesections, channel sections, Z-- sections, hat sections, rectangular h ollow sections, and circular ho llow sections. The program can run in either a check or design mode. For a given set of design actions and other relevant parameters such as effective lengths, running ColdSteel/4600 in check mode will determineif them ember issatisfactorily designed to AS/NZS 460 0:1996 with respect to all relevant strength limit states. The load factor and correspondinggoverninglimitstateisalsoreported. In design mode, ColdSteel/4600 determines the lightest section of aparticular cross-- sectional shape for which the design with respect to the given set of actions and other relevant parameters issatisfactory.

Member types from New Zealand included are Steelpipe custom an d standard spiral welded pipes, Steltech custom and standard welded beams and BHP NZS “Just Black” hollow sections.

www.civil.usyd.edu.au/case/casesoft

14.4. STEELbeam Fo rm erly k no wn as Beam f or Win do ws, STEELbeam hasbeend eveloped toinclude over 30 new features. Now, STEELbeam offers a comprehensive beamanalysisproduct thatis easy to use, that provides clear visual and graphicalresults, that presents high quality relevant reports, and that canbeusedandunderstoodbyanyonefromstudents to experienced engineers. Simply define the beam member from the comprehensiveSTEELcatcataloguesuppliedwhich includes OneSteel sections, or, alternatively d efine your own section to analyse. Applyloads(point,moments,uniformortriangular) and supports (pinned, fixed and springed) at any point along the member. STEELbeam has all the tools needed to determine -shear forces, bending moments, displacements and stresses for simple supports through to continuou s beams. Multi-- segment beams can b e handled with tapered shaped sections. For further information, contact Engineering Software Solutions (www.ess.com.au )

For further information, contact BHP NewZealand Steel by Email ([email protected] )

14.6. Steel41 Design of steel structural members to AS4100 limit state design criteria is fast and accurate with STEEL41. STEEL41 includes a comprehensive report writer detailing all of the working out and discussion made by stating the relevant clause in AS4100. STEEL41 is used b y many Australian Universities and Colleges. STEEL41 helpsop timise your design with little effort and even handles the difficult tasks with a range of tier levels, fabrication sections, various grades and much more. STEEL41 has a comprehensive library of BHP and Tubemakers section properties catalogues. It highlights unsafe designs and helps you to enter correct and accurate valuesthroughtheuseofinteractivehelp.Forfurther information, see www.ess.com.au

14.7. STEELcat Comprehensive online electronic catalogue of steel sections incorporating a section prop erty calculator for virtu ally an y desig n req uiremen t. ( www.ess.com.au ).

15. COSTING SOFTWARE 15.1. STEELestimator STEELestimator has been developedinresponsetorequestsfromdesignersandfabricatorsforasoftware packagethat wouldallow theRational Costing Method (RCM) to be fully embraced.Asdistinct from the old “rule of thumb” cost per tonne method, the RCM divides costsinto fourmaincomponents:steelsupply; surface treatment; fabrication and erection.

14.5. MemDes Version 2 Developed with the support of BHP NZ Steel, this memberdesigncheckingprogramhasrecentlybeen upgraded to include several newmember typesand grades, additional design checking features such as shear and bending interaction, sesismic capacity


For any steel member, each of the component costs canbe determinedfrom inbuiltor customizabled ata tables. These tablesinclude all thecommon formsof member end connections from simple cut and drill through to attached welded end plates and intermediate cleat o r fin plates.

26

STEELestimator includes enhanced reporting functions with component cost breakdowns, and tools to produce and maintain user databases for supply, fabrication, surface protection and erection costs. ATrainingTutorialon CDisavailableand forfurther informationcontactEngineeringSoftwareSolutions or inspect their website at www.ess.com.au.

15.2. SteelNest Fabricatorscan no w determin exactly what lengths andsectionsneedtobepurchasedtominimisewaste. STEELnest provides an inventory manager to optimise your off cut store and allows you to set up multiple nesting rules that govern joints, cutting widths, off cut/scrap control etc. For further information, see www.ess.com.au

16. STRUCTURAL MODELING 16.1. Xsteel Xsteel providesfull integration of model,drawings and reports, producing automatic general arrangement and detail drawings together with material lists and CNC files. Xsteel can accommodate an unlimited number of jointsand members and is thereforevery capableof managing large structures without losing any of its superb performance. The use of Xsteel’s compreh ensive yet easy to use connectionlibraryshortensthethroughputtimeand thusliftsyourproductivitytoacompletelynewlevel. Using Xsteel the operator creates a comp lete, solid 3Dp roductmodel of the steelstructure including all the relevant information required for manufacture and construction. Xsteel’s object oriented functionalityprovidestheoperatorwith allthe tools to quickly create the structure’s geometry, dimensions, member properties, connection types and materials. The dynamic zoo m and pan facility allowstheoperatortoexaminethestructurefromany angle in close 3D detail. Themod el of the structureis createdby theoperator specifying interactively the layout o f the elements and associated connections. Theelements appearon thescreenasrealsections,whichenablestheoperator to dictate the necessary detailing requirements to solve an y practical prob lems whilst generating the model, thereby eliminating any unnecessary amendments. All elements are intelligent objects. For example, when the size of a beam is altered,

27

dimensions of adjoining connections change accordingly. A team of operators can work on the same model at the same time and Xsteel’s capabilities ensure the consistencyofthemodelevenwhenseveralusersedit the same part of the model simultaneously. There is no limit to the size of the structure that can be modeled with Xsteel. The interactive true 3D approach of Xsteel enables the model to be easily amended with instant on-- screen display of changes to the model and associated connections. This completely removesthe problem of the traditional 3D-- steelwork modeling systems which need to re-- generateandupdatethescreenwhenever achange or addition is made. Xsteel has comprehensive full clash detection facilities including specifying tolerances to accommodate site problems, i.e., set clearances to enable easy bolt fixing. For further information from the Australian distributor, see www.pacificcomputing.com or the website of Tekla in Finland www.xsteel.com

16.2. StruCAD StruCAD is a p owerful 3-- D CAD system which allowsthecreation of 3-- D modelsof steelstructures, using either fast wireframe methods or modelling directly in solid forms. Member sizes can be selected from existing or customer defined catalogues. Connections can be applied from StruCAD’s extensive libraries or createdinitspowerfulinteractiveenvironment.From the 3--D model the system can automatically generate: !

!

! ! !

fully d etailed fabrication shop details fully detailed general arrangement and erection drawings CNC manufacturing data customizable material lists bi-- directional links into various third party analysis and design packages

StruCAD is available as a complete system, or as a collection of modules including: !

!

!

StruCAD Lite -- f or steel detailing of smaller structures StruCAD Engineer - for model an d connection d esign but without the facility to produce shop drawings StruCAD Checker -- for viewing the 3-- D model but without any editing tools


!

!

!

StruCam -- to produce machine code to drive NC machines. StruMac -- the macro programming language of StruCAD StruCut - bar n esting m odu le

StruCADisproducedbyAceCadSoftwareoftheUK (www.acecad.co.uk)anddistributedinAustraliaby AceCad Software (Australia) Pty Ltd. (Email: [email protected]).

16.3. Prosteel 3D ProSteel 3D is an object-- oriented steelconstruction application based on AutoCAD. Its use and application are especially beneficial for various sectors in the steel con struction indu stry such as structural engineering and steel-- framed building construction, aswellasall shape-- based construction tasks. Typical Areas of Application are as f ollows: !

Steel Construction / Structural Engineering Hangar Construction

!

Facility Construction

!

Rack Construction

!

Façade Construction

!

AsapracticalCADprogram based on AutoCAD,the worldwidestandardCADprogram,ProSteel3Drepresentsthe ideal solution for professional and comprehensive applications, which hav e to satisfy the highest standards and requirements. ProSteel3D willhelpyo u toturn the modelin thedesigners mind into a visually accessible CAD-- based model.ThisCADmodel willdisplay and makeavailablealltheinformationrequiredforconstructionand fabrication. A variety of powerful 3D Tools are available to the user for this purpose: !

!

!

!

!

!

!

Efficient, well-- thought out, and well-- proven construction technology in 3D Details derived from the overviews (frontal view, top view, etc.) Details derived from isometric and perspective views Creation of shop drawings such asindividual component partsand construction groups,in any desired scale or unit of measure Generation of complete component parts (steel, bolt, construction group lists, etc.) Derivation of the NC/PPS data directly from the 3D model Linking with standard statics programs with automatic import of the geometries


For further information, contact AEC Systems in North Sydney, or visit the website at www.aecsystems.com.au

16.4. CSC Software CivilandStructuralComputingLtd havedeveloped a number of integrated packages in the structural engineering areas covering 3D structural analysis (S-- Frame) , detailed steel design (S-- Steel), elastic plastic analysis of portal frame structures (Fastrak), a 3D parametric modeling package (3D+) and a unique calculation pad for engineers (Tedds). For fu rther information on these p roducts, contact CSC Australia in Ballarat, or visit the parent website at www.cscworld.com

16.4.1.

TEDDS

TEDDS is fast, neat, easy, accurate calculation pad which is unique in the engineering field. If TEDDS doesnotalreadyhavethecalculationsyouwant,you can create them easily. TEDDS is highly configurable and you can link not only all of CSC’s software portfolio but also your own software including spreadsheets and other programs. TEDDShasbeendevelopedspecificallyforciviland structuralwork byexperienced structuralengineers and so itavoidstheshortcomingsof generalsoftware originally intended for financial or scientific calculations.

16.4.2.

S--Steel

S-- steel Design featur es: !

!

!

!

Automatic steel design or check fully integ rated with P-- Frame/S-- Frame. Check or automatic redesign options for all or part of the structure. Member grouping for rationalised design. Plate girder and tapered plate girder section design.

!

Unparalleled quality of printed r esults. Scratch pad for design refinement.

!

Full user control of design condition.

!

!

Full implementation for the followingdesign cod es - US (AISC-- ASD 89 and AISC-- LRFD 9 4), CAN/CSA-- S16.1-- M94 , UK (BS 5950) and Australian AS4100

16.4.3.

3D+

3D+isa parametric,structuralmodeling solution for structural designers. It operates within the standard AutoCAD environment or now as a standalone application. 3D+ allows the structural designer to rapidly create a model from simple set out.

28

Place m embers, slabs, walls, fo undations etc. as simplyasdrawinglines.Createloading,supportsand member end conditions, all within the same structural mod el. Visualize the structure using the power of AutoCAD. Parameters may be used to define any numericdata within the 3D+ model, including dimensions, member and slab attributes, offsets, load values, angles, slopes,d istances, etc.Parametric changescan be applied at any time in the construction of the model. Following changes to any 3D+ parametric value or expression, all data within the 3D+ model can be regenerated comp letely au tomatically. Create structural loading within the model. A wide range of loading types can be applied to joints, members or areas. Automatic generation of multiple 2D/3D analysis and design models is possible from the structural model. Totally integrated with advanced analysis using S-- Frame. Links to o ther third party analysis products are also supported. 3D+ has an inbuilt drawing management system. Following chang es to the model 3D+ will identify those drawing s/views which n eed to b e re-- issued. 3D+ can then automatically update all such drawings/views with a single command . Exchange drawings and models with other 3D modeling systemsvia DXF, DWG, SDNF (Steelwork Detailing Neutral File) or CIS 2.0 (CIMsteel integration standard). Exchange material list data with MIS systems.

16.4.4.

Fabtrol

FabTrol is a fully integratedmodular totalManagement Information System for StructuralSteelwork. FabTrolcan be purchased on am odularbasis, thesix modules are: Estimating Contracts Management, Material Management, Production Management, Drawing Management and CNC Management.

17.1. Stramit Stramit specializes in the manufacture, marketing, distribution and sales of building products throughout Australia. They have an extensive technical catalogue covering design guides, cladding,rainwater,structural,formwork andother products.Inadditiontotheprintedcatalogue,Stramit have an Interactive CDROM “Solutions in Steel” with the product data (in limit states format) as well as maintaining a website at www.stramit.com.au For architecturalcasestudies, the Stramit Portfolio is available which currently has some 28 high profile projects.

Purlins, Girts & Bridging Stramit have a Product Technical Manual incorporating design capacity tables. The range of purlins isfrom 100 to 350mmdeep in several thicknesses for C and Z purlins. A boltless bridging system can be used and special sizes to 400mm deep are possible. A separate Detailing and Installation is available.

17.2. Lysaght Zeds & Cees Purlin & Girt System Lysaght Purlins and Girts Limit state capacity tables& productinformation. 61 pages. Revised May 1999 This work follows extensive testing at the University of Sydney using the largest vacuum test rig in the world.

17. PURLINS AND GIRTS Thispublicationcannotcoverallproductsanddesign guides. For example, metal deck cladding profiles, concealedfixingschemes,otherscrewfixings,fascia and ridge capping products. Thisinformation,along withcolour rangeschanges reasonably rapidly and the reader is referred to individual suppliers such as Lysaght, Stramit and Fielders for up to date data.

29

Fullscaletestsresultsof completesystems have been used in the development of AS/NZS 4600: 1996 Cold-- form ed steel structur es. ThismanualincorporatesthewholerangeofLysaght purlins and girts in a much widerrange of spanning and bridging configurations than before. The data is intended for specifiers, engineers, buildersanderectors.Includedaredetailsofmaterial specifications, dimensions, packing, storage, holes and bridging location; together with limit state capacity tables.


18. CIDECT PUBLICATIONS The International Committee for the Development and Study of Tubular Structures (Comité InternationalpourleDéveloppementetl’Etudedela ConstructionTubu liareor CIDECT) wasfoundedin 1962 as an international association which joins togetherthe research resourcesof major hollow steel section manufacturersto promotethe applicationof hollow steel sections worldwide. They have produced a number of Design Guides which are available through the AISC. All CIDECT books are published by Verlag TUV Rheinland GmbH.

18.1. CIDECT 1: Design Guide for Circular Hollow Section (CHS) Joints Under Predominantly Static Loading 1991 Wardenie J., Kurobane Y., DuttaD., PackerJ.A., Yeomans N. 68 Pages The first of the CIDECT Design Guide series, this book deals with the design and fabrication of circular hollow section joints. 240 AISC Code Followingextensiveexperimentalinvestigationsand theoretical analysis, Simple design formulae and fabrication rules are presented for adequate member/jointperformanceandfabricationeconomy of structural steel circular hollow sections (CHS). All joint strength design formulae are presented in limit states terms. Tables, graphs and worked examples are provided in an easy to follow format. Design examples include: (i) uniplanar truss; (ii) arch-- formed truss; (iii) vierendeel truss; (iv) multi-- planar truss (triangular girder); (v) trusswith semi-- flattened and bracings;(vi) effective buckling length o f truss members; (vii) bolted connections. Contents: 1) General; 2) Design of Tubular Structures; 3) Fabrication of Tubular Structures;4) Joint Design Under Predominantly Static Loading; 5) Bolted Connections; 6) Worked Out Design Examples; 7) Symbols; 8) References

18.2. CIDECT 2: Structural Stability of Hollow Sections 1992 Rondal J., Wurk er K.-- G., Dutta D., Wardenie J., Yeomans N. 57 Pages 250 AISC Code This book deals with the global, localand flexural-torsional bucking behaviorofhollowsections. Using this design guide will enable users to obtain a better idea of the stability advantages they can gain by using hollow sections. Simplifieddesignproceduresandworkedexamples are p rovided for the economic use of structural hollow sections. This includes: (i) the various aspects of bucking based on strength limit state design principles; (ii) the methods to determine effective lengthsof chordsand bracing; and (iii) the use of worked examples to illustrate the application of the design provisions. Co nten ts: 1 ) Gen er al; 2 ) Cr oss Sectio n Classification;3)MembersinAxialCompression;4) Members in Bending; 5) Members in Combined CompressionandBending;6) Thin-- walledSections; 7)BuckingLengthofMembersinLatticeGirders;8) Examples; 9) Symbols; 10) References

18.3. CIDECT 3: Design Guide for Rectangular Hollow Section (RHS) Joints Under Predominantly Static Loading 1992 Packer J.A., WardenieJ., Dutta D., Kurobane Y., Yeomans N. 102 Pages AISC Code 260 This publication, the third in the CIDECT Design Guide series, deals with the design and fabrication of rectangular and square hollow steel section joints. Followingextensiveexperimentalinvestigationsand theoretical analysis, simple design formulae and fabrication rules are presented for adequate member/jointperformanceandfabricationeconomy of structuralsteelrectangularhollowsections(RHS).


30

All joint strength design formulae are presented in limit states format. Tables, graphs and worked examplesareprovidedinaneasytofollowformatfor variou s static uni-- planar and multi-- planar welded and bolted connections of square and rectangular hollow sections. The connections considered include: welded trusses ( K, N, T, Y, - conn ections), flange plate connections, gusset plate connections, Vierendeelconnections,kn eeco nnections and plate to RHS connections. Contents: 1) General; 2) Design of Tubular Structures; 3) Welded Uniplanar TrussConnections between RHS Chords and RHS or CHS Bracing members; 4) Truss Design Examples; 5) Bolted Connections; 6) RHS toRHS MomentConnections; 7) Multiplanar Welded Connections; 8) Other Uniplanar Connections; 9) List of Symbols; 10) References

18.4. CIDECT 4: Design Guide for Structural Hollow Section Columns Exposed to Fire - 1994 Twilt L., Hass R., Klingsch W., Edward sM., Dutts D. 95 Pages AISC Code 270 This fourth book deals with theprotection ofhollow section columns exposed to fire and is based onrecentandextensiveresearch, methods of fire protection unique to hollo w sectio ns are ex amined. Possessing smaller exposed surface area to mass ratios than hot-- rolled sections, fire protection for hollow sections can be considerably more economical. One of the major advantages of hollow section columnsisto make fire protection possible by using methods other than the classic addition of external coatings or materials. This book investigatesb oth traditional methods and water and concrete filled solutions. Not only do water-- cooled or concrete-- filled columnsr equiremarkedly lessspace buttheyalsoaddtotheslimandaestheticappearance of the construction. Calculation procedures for all three fire p rotection methods are explained and charts, diagrams and examples provide practical assistance for design. Contents: 1) Introduction; 2) Fire Resistance; 3) Designing Unfilled SHS--Columns for Fire Resistance; 4) Designing Concrete Filled

31

SHS-- Columns for Fire Resistance; 5) Designing Water Filled SHS-- Columns for Fire Resistance; 6) Connections and Fire Resistance; 7) Symbols; 8) References; 9) Building Examples; ANNEXES I. Design graphs for unprotected concrete filled SHS-- columns; II Shear plate and shear stud design; III. A simple assessment of a water filled column structure

18.5. CIDECT 5: Design Guide for Concrete Filled Hollow Section Columns Under Static and Seismic Loading -- 1995 Bergmann R., Matsui C., Meinsma C., Dutta D. 68 Pages 280 AISC Code This 5th book deals with the design of hollow sections filled with concrete. The book uses the limit state design method and provides a simplified method for the design of composite columns. The simplified design m ethod includes provisions for compression, bending, shear and combined compression/bending load cases. Specialp roblems with mono-- symmetrical sections, preloaded columns, partially filled columns and the use of special concrete are highlighted. Design Examples covering a steel reinforced concretefilledcircularhollowsectionandaconcrete filled rectangular hollow section subjected to eccentric loading are included. Contents: 1) Introduction; 2) Design method according to Eurocode 4; 3) Simplified design method; 4) Shear and load introduction; 5) Special problems; 6) Design for seismic conditions; 7) References; 8 ) Design examples; 9 ) Notations

18.6. CIDECT 6: Design Guide for Structural Hollow Sections in Mechanical Applications 1995 Wardinier J., Dutta D., Yeomans N., Packer J.A., Bucak O. 244 Pages 290 AISC Code This is the sixth book in the CIDECT Series, and deals with the design,fabrication and assembly of hollow steel sections in mechanical applications. STEEL CONSTRUCTION VOLUME 35 NUMBER2, JUNE 2001

Thisis a userfriendly book with many photographs and diagrams to illustrate the text. Design information is provided on b oth static and fatiguebehaviorofmembers,andemphasisisplaced on the design and detailing of bolted and welded connections to ensure adequate and economical results. Thereisalargenumber ofphotographsshowingthe varied use of hollow sections in mechanical applications. These included ski lifts, trailer and coachbodies,gangways,liftshafts,farmmachinery, cranes and many more, thus demonstrating the versatility of hollow steel sections. Contents: 1) Introduction 2) General application fields 3) Fabrication and assembly 4) Design considerationsformembers5)Designconsiderations for conn ections 6) Connection detailing 7) List of Symbols 8) References.

18.7. CIDECT 7: Design Guide for Fabrication, Assembly and Erection of Hollow Section Structures 1998

General procedure for the fabrication and assembly of hollow section structures; 6) Transportation of hollowsectionsandstructures;7)Erectionofhollow sections and structures; 8) Protection against corrosion;9)Protectionagainstfire;10)Economical aspects regarding building steel structures with hollowsections;11)Listofsymbols;12)References; Apps. A, B, C) Chemicalcompo sition and formulae for geometrical properties of structural hollow sections;App.D)MinimumbendingradiiforSHS& RHS for co ld bending with 3-- Roller bender.

18.8. CIDECT 8: Design Guide for Circular and Rectangular Hollow Section Welded Joints Under Fatigue Loading -- 2001 Zhao,XL.HerionS.Packer J A. Puthli R S. Sedlacek G. Wardenier J. Weynand K. van Wingerde A M. Yeomans N F. 121 Pages 305 AISC Code

D. Dutta, J. Wardenier, N. Yeomans, K. Sakae, O. Bucak, J.A. Packer 171 Pages 300 AISC Code

The objective of this eighth book is to give designrecommendationsfor structural hollow sections under fatigue loading.

Being the seventh book in the CIDECTConstruction with Hollow Steel Sections series, this design guide deals with the post-design perspective o n the use of such sections.

Hollowsections arewidely used in construction and mechanicalengineeringwherefatigueisanessential aspectin designand fabrication.For weldedconnections between hollow sections need to consider the non-- uniform stress distribution around the welded intersectionandthesecondarybendingstressesinthe joint.

Thoug h these processes are basically the same asfor conventional open structures, there are some particular characteristicsof hollowsections thatneed to be considered for structural integrity and overall economy. Theguidedescribesthemethodsandequipmentused to undertake the post-- design processes used on structuralsteelhollowsections. The aimof theguide is to highlight the importance of suitable design conception and, from a designer’s aspect, note the specialised tasks of fabricators, erectors and other downstream contractors in completing the final structure. The guide is well detailed and has many photographs and sketches to illustrate it’s aims. Contents: 1) Introduction; 2) Structural hollow section steel grades and dimensional tolerances; 3) Structural hollow section fabrication methods; 4) Structures and subassemblies of hollow sections; 5)


Contents:1)Introdu ction - Typeso fJointsandLo ading, Fatigue LifeEstimation, Fatigue Resistance, FatigueDamage Accumulation, Partial Safety Factors; 2) Classification Method - Detail Categor ies,Nom inal Stress Ranges, Fatigue Strength Curves; 3) Hot Spot Stress Method - NominalStress Ranges,Stress Concentration Factor (SCF) Calculations, Ho t Spot Stress Ranges; 4) SCF Calculations for CHS Joints; 5)SCFforRHSJoints;6)StructuralDetailing forFatigue and Reinforcement; 7) Design Examples for CHS; 8) Design Examples for RHS Joints; 9) References. Appen dices: A) Fatigue Actions; B) Detailed CategoriesforClassificationMethod;C)TheDetermination of SCFsby Testing and Finite ElementAnalysis; D) SCF Formulae and Graphs for CHS Joints; E) SCF Formulae and Graphs for RHS Joints.

32

19. MATERIAL & PRODUCT CATALOGUES

19.2. Bisplate Range of Grades Published by Bisalloy Steel, Unanderra, NSW Email: [email protected] 16 pages, September 1998 This publication gives the specific mechanical and chemicalpropertiesforthe rangeof high strength and high hardness steels.

19.1. Palmers Tube Mills Product Manual, CD-- ROM & Website

The Palmer Tube Mills Product Manual isavailable inarobust3-- ringbinderfolderand containsinformationonthemanufacture ofcold-- formed ERWhollow sections, produ ct availability (CHS, RHS, SHS, additionalsections),specifications, sectionpro perty data, mass and bun dling data, d ata for specific applications(pressure pipe, etc.), coatings,p rocessing of section ends, fabrication information, material safety data sheets and d etails o f distributors/suppliers. Additional product brochures are also supplied withthe Manualwhichcan beobtainedbycontacting Palmer Tube Mills(see below) or requested on-- line through the website (www.ptm.com.au). TheProductManualisalsosuppliedinelectronicformat on a CD-- ROM an d can be ordered on-- line, downloadedfromourwebsiteorbycontactingPalmer Tube Mills. The CD-- ROM is filled with much detailed information on the entire Palmer product range. Using a specially developed navigation system, designed to make it easy to find information withtheclickofamouse,designers,engineers,specifiers, suppliers and fabricators can access the information they need within seconds. Searching for information on a specific product,or even a manufacturing Standard, is easy whenu sing thebuilt-- in”find”fun ctiono f the electronicversion oftheProductManual.Whenfound,thepage can be printedonanyprinterwithoutlosingthequality.Other links go directly to text and spreadsheet data. Palmer Tube Mills can supply specifictechnical/design capacity tables and other advice on the design, specificationanduseofhollowsections.Youcanobtain a ProductManu al,CD-- ROMand otherinformationbycontactingourtechnicalmarketing/salesrepresentatives via e-- mail ( [email protected]), telephone (+61-- 7-- 3246 2600 )or fax(+61-- 7-- 3246 2660). Alternatively, visit the new website at www.ptm.com.au which hasmuch more information on Palmer Tube Mills’ produ cts and initiatives.

33

The process by which Bisalloy Steels are treated to improve toughness, structural integrity and fatigue resistanceis outlined.Platescovered have minimum yield stresses from 415 to 690 MPa and are: !

!

!

! !

!

!

Bisplate 60 - low carbon, low alloy, high strength structural steel with excellent cold formability and low temperature toughness. Bisplate 70 - low carbon, low alloy, high strength structural steel which can be welded with minimum preheat and has excellent low temperature fracture toughness. Bisplate 80 -- a high strength, low alloy plate with a high yield stress with excellent notch toughn ess, good weldability and formability. Bisplate 8 0PV -- for pressure v essels. Bisplate 320 for high impact abrasion. Bisplate 360 and 400 though hardened, abrasion resistant steel plates. Bisplate 425 and 500 through hardened plates for sliding and gouging applications.

19.3. Design Examples: Beams, Columns, Trusses Published by Bisalloy Steel, Unanderra, NSW Email: [email protected] 14 pages, January 1998 The current AS4100 does not cover the design of structural elements utilising high strength quenched and tempered steels. Design examples of heavily loaded elementsb ased on the American Institute of Steel Construction’s Specification for Structural Steel Buildings.


19.4. OneSteel Product Catalogue -Structural Steel

1101.3

1987

Part 3: Welding and non -- destructive examination

1110

1995

ISO metric precision hexagon bolts and screws

1111

1996

ISOmetriccommercialhexagon bolts and screws

1112

1996

ISO metric hexagon nuts, including thin nuts, slotted nuts and castle nuts

1163

1991 Structural steel hollow sections

1170

ThisCDcontainsa range of structural steelprodu cts manufactured and marketed by OneSteel Manufacturing. It provides users with section propertiesforhotrolledstructural,welded,merchant R

bar, hollow, DuraGal profile and rail sections. Theseprop ertiesare availablein anon-- linefor matas well as in PDF format for printing. Design capacity tablesfortheDuaGal R

sectionsare included aswell as technical documents providing guidance on

Minimum design loads on structures (known as the SAA Loading Code)

1170.1

1989 Part 1: Dead and live loads and load combinations (Amdt 1 1/93)

1170.2

1989 Part 2: Wind loads (Amdt 1 1/91, Amdt 2 1/93, Amdt 3 12/93)

1170.3

1990

Part 3: Snow Loads

1170.4

1993

Part 4: Earthquake loads(Amdt 1 10/94 & under review 2001)

1210

1997

Pressure Vessels (Amdt1 10/94)

1252

1996

High strength steel bolts with associated nu ts and washers for structural engineering

1275

1985

Metric screw threads for fasteners (Amdt 1 8/86 reconfirmed 1990)

1391

1991

Methods for tensile testing of metals

painting and welding DuraGal R Sections.

20. AS/NZS STANDARDS 20.1. Standards referenced in AS4100 -1998 Steel structures

1418 AS4100-- 1998 isaprimaryreferencedstandardofthe Building Code of Australia. The first edition in the limit states design format was published in 1 990. It wasfollowed byamendmentsin1992, 1993(2)and with amendment 4, the code was published as a second edition in 1998. Inaddition tothecod e,AS4100 Supplement1 -- 1999 Steelstructures-- Commentary (for the 1998 edition of AS4100) has been published. The following referenced codes have been listed in numericalorder and include noteson thepublication date and the status of any amendments. AustralianStandardsareavailableineitherhardcopy or downloadable PDF format (PC and Mac compatible) directly from the Standards Australia website (www.standards.com.au) 1101.1

1993 Graphical symbols for general engineering


Cranes (including hoists and winches)

1418.1

1994 Part 1: General requirements

1418.3

1997 Part 3: Bridge, gantry and portal cranes (including con tainer cranes) (Amdt 1 9/98)

1418.5

1995 Part 5: Mobile and vehicle loading cranes (Amdt 1 6/99, Amdt 2 8/99)

1530

1530.4

1 55 3 1553.1

Methods for fire tests on building materials, compon ents and structures 1997

Part 4: Fire-- resistance tests of elements of building construction Cov ered electro des for weldin g

1995 Part 1: low carbon steel electrodes for manual metal-- arc welding of carbon steels and carbon-- mang anese steels

34

1554 1554.1 1554.2 1554.5

Structural steel welding 2000 Part 1: Welding of steel structures 1993 Part 2: Stud welding (steel studs to steel) 1995 Part 5: Welding of steel structures subject to h igh levels of fatigue loading

1559

1997 Hot-- dip galvanised steel bolts with associated nuts and washers for tower con struction

1594

1997 Hot-- rolled steel flat products

1657

1992

1735

1735.1

Lifts, escalators and moving walks (known as the SAA lift code) 1999 Part 1: General requirements

1858 1858.1

Fixed platforms, walkways, stairways and ladders – design, construction and installation

1986 Part 1: Carbon steels and carbon – manganese steels (Amdt 1 10/87) Powder – actuated (PA) hand -- held fastening too ls (withdrawn)

Part 1: Ferritic steel electrodes

3600

1994

Concrete Structures

3678

1996 Structural steel – Hot-- rolled plates, floorplates and slabs

3679

Structural steel

3679.1

1996 Part 1: Hot-- rolled bars and sections (Amdt 1 6/97, Amdt 2 5/2000)

3679.2

1996 Part 2: Welded I sections(Amdt 1 9/98)

SAA-- HB7 7

Au stralian Brid ge Desig n Code

SAA-- HB77.2

1996 Part 2: design loads

SAA-- HB77.8

1996 Part 8: Railway Supplement

PD6493

1991 Guidance on Some Methodsfor the Derivation of Acceptance Levels for Defects in Fusion Welded Joints, HMSO

WTIA

1994

Technicalnote 5 ‘Flame Cutting of Steels’

20.2. Other AS/NZS Standards and Handbooks 2000 ISO hexagon bolts, screw. Product grades A & B Bolts

1110.2

2000 ISO hexagon bolts, screws. Product grades A & B Screws

1111.1

2000 ISO hexagon bolts & screws. Product Grade C Bolts

1 98 2 Steel castin gs

1111.2

1990 Cored electrodes for arc welding -- ferritic steel electrodes (Amdt 1 3/92)

2000 ISO hexagon bolts & screws. Product grade C Screws

1394

2001

Round steel wire for ropes

1397

2001

Steel sheet and strip -- Hot-- dip zinc coated or aluminium/zinc coated

1418.18

2001

Cranes runways and monorails

1627

1997 Metal finishing-- Preparation and pretreatment of surfaces

2207

1994 Non-- destructive testing – Ultrasonic testing of fusion welds

3828

1998

4 04 1

1 99 8 Pressu re p ip in g

1595

1998 Cold-- rolled unalloyed steel sheet & strip

2311

2000

1994

1873.2

1994 Part 2: Design and Construction

1873.3

1994

Part 3: Charges

1873.4

1994

Part 4: Fasteners

2 07 4 2203.1

22 05

Part 1: Selection, operation and maintenance

Meth od s of d estru ctive testing of welds in metal

2205.2

1997 Part 2.1: Transverse butt tensile test

2214

1994

1996

Certification of welding supervisors – Structural steel welding Composite structures -- simply supported beams Evaluation of human exposure to whole body vibration

2670.1

1990 Part 1: General requirements

2670.2

1990 Part 2: Continuous and shock induced vibration in buildings (1 to 80 Hz)

35

1996

1110.1

1873.1

2670

Welding – electrodes – gas metal arc

2717.1

Electrodes and fluxes for submerg ed-- arc welding

1873

2327.1

2717

Guidelines for the erection of building steelwork

Guide to painting of buildings


3750

1995

Paints for steel structures

3774

1996

Loads on bulk solidscontainers

3894

1996

Site testing of protective coatings

4291.1

2000 Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel-- Bolts, screws, studs

R4-- 79

Report to the Heavy Engineering Research Association on the Los Angeles Earthquake January 1 994 -- November 1994

R4-- 80

Structural Steelwork Limit State Design Guides Vol. 1 -- July 1994

R4-- 82

Calculation of the Design Fire Resistance of Composite Concrete Slabs with Profiled Steel Sheet Under Fire Emergency Conditions - November1994

4600

1996 Cold-- formed steel structures

4680

1999

Galvanized (zinc) coatings on fabricated ferrous articles

R4-- 83

Fire Models for Large Firecells -- March 1996

4792

1999

Galvanized (zinc) coatings on ferrous h ollow section

R4-- 87

HB2.1

1998

Australian standards for civil engineering students – Materials & testing

Development of Moment-- Resisting Steel Frames Inco rporating Semi-- Rigid Elastic Joints: 1994/95 Research Report -September 1995

R4-- 88

Development of Moment-- Resisting Steel Frames Inco rporating Semi-- Rigid Elastic Joints: 1995/96 Research Project -September 1996

HB2.2

1998

HB48

1999 Steel structures design handbook

R4-- 89

HERA Fire Protection Manuals Sections 7 & 8 -- September 1 996

HB61

1999

R4-- 91

Notes Prepared for a Seminar on Design of Steel Buildings for Fire Emergency Conditions -- November 1996

21. HERA STRUCTURAL PUBLICATIONS

R4-- 92

Restraint Classification for Beam MemberMomentCapacityDetermination to NZS 3404 :1997 -- July 1 997

HERA(HeavyEngineeringResearchAssociation)is the sister org anization to AISC in New Zealand.

R4-- 94

HERA haspu blished numerou svaluabledocuments pertainingtostructuralsteeldesign.Inparticular,the New Zealand conditions have required more stringent earthquake loading requirements. All publications are available from the HERA InformationCentreoravailableviatheonlineformat www.hera.org.nz.

Development of Perimeter Mom ent-- Resisting Steel Frames Incorpo rating Semi-- Rigid Elastic Joints:199 6/97 Research Report -- May 1998

R4-- 96

Structural Steelwork Estimating Guide July 1998

R4-- 99

Specification for theFabrication,Erection and Surface Treatment of Structural Steelwork -- September 1 998

R4-- 50

Australian standards for civil engineering students – Structural engineering

Handbookofbuildingstandards extracts

Notes Prepared for a Seminar on Composite Design and Construction Volume 1 and Volume 2 -- September 1988

R4-- 56

Notes Prepared for a Seminar on Composite Floor System Design and Construction: Em phasis on In-- Service Vibration -- February 199 0

R4-- 58

Manual of Standard Connection Details for Structural Steelwork Second Edition -April 1990

R4-- 60

Notes Prepared for a Seminar on Stressed SkinDiaphragmDesign andConstruction -- May 1990

R4-- 76

Seismic Design Procedures for Steel Structures -- May 1 995


R4-- 100 StructuralSteelwork Connections Guide April 19 99 R4-- 101 Notes Prepared for a Seminar on the Steel Structures Standard NZ S 3404:1997 -February 199 9

36

22. STEEL CONSTRUCTION JOURNALS The AISC has published its quarterly technical journal “SteelConstruction” since1967. Thep apersare listed inthe followingtable. Somecopiesof mostissues arein stock. From Volume34, Number4 (December2000), the papers are available for members on the website ( www.aisc.com.au). YEAR / VOL. ISSUE 1967 No 1 Vo l 1 No 2 No 3 No 4 1968 No 1 Vol 2 No 2 No 3 No 4 Special 1969 No 1 Vol 3 No 2 No 3 No 4 1970 No 1 Vol 4 No 2 No 3 No 4 1971 No 1 Vol 5 No 2 No 3 No 4 1972 No 1 Vol 6 No 2

No 3

1973 Vol 7

1974 Vol 8

1975 Vol 9

No No No No No No No No No No

4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1

No 2 No 3 No 4

37

TITLE A Future for Steel Structures Elastic An alysis o f Eccentric Co nn ectio ns Massive Welded Girders Composite Construction Contemporary Research and Routine Design Welding of High Strength Steels Un iv ersal Co lu mn s in Hig h Stren gth Steels Fire Protection of Steel Structures AS CAI A Review and Explanation Buckling of Plane Frames The Computer -- A Tool for Structural Designers Residual Stresses in Steel Sections Steel Bridges -- Competitive? City Buildings - First Cost or Maximum Worth? Sway in Structures Jumbo Hangars Steel on the Highway Tall Steel Buildings -- New Approaches Moment Distribution Methods Steel Highway Bridges -- Today and Tomorrow Car Parks Dynamic Analysis of Steel Frames Temperature Effects on Tall Steel Framed Buildings Part 1 Response of Steel Columns to Temperature Exposure Part 2 Structural Analysis Part 3 Design Considerations Innovation in Tall Buildings The Econ omics o f Su spen ded Stru ctu res Exposed Steelwork for Multi--Storey Buildings Composite Steel-- Concrete Building Frame Steel Structures Cod e -- The 19 72 Version Beams and Columns by Computer Effective Lengths Steel Floors Space Frames Design of Compression Members Modern Bridges in Steel Cold Formed Members Economic Advantages of Steel Prediction of Residual Stresses / European Column Curves The 1975 Changes to AS 1250 Stiffened Compression Panels Steel Footbridges

AUTHOR A Wargon H Harrison E W Phillips S G Silhan / R C Westbrook M G Lay J B Wade H B Harriso n R J Bonaldi M G Lay N S Trahair P Grundy M G Lay / R Ward P Elliott F R Khan M G Lay AISC Reprint Reprint M Lowrey Reprint Reprint M J Lowrey E R McLaughlin H H West / A K Kar F R Khan / A F Nassetta P B Ed wards G B Godfrey D Belford M G Lay D Batten / R Toakley M G Lay C C Resevsky Reprint B E Gorenc Reprint V R Beck Reprint J B Dwight M G Lay J B Dwight AISC


YEAR / VOL. ISSUE 1976 No 1 Vol 10 No 2 No 3 No 4 1977 No 1 Vol 11 No 2 No 3 No 4 1978 No 1 Vol 12 No 2

1979 Vol 13

1980 Vol 14

1981 Vol 15

1982 Vol 16

1983 Vol 17

1984 Vol 18

TITLE Highly Restrained Welded Connections Low Rise Industrial Structures Grandstands Crane Runway Girders Economy in Tall Buildings Decision Logic Tables and AS 1250 Bolting of Steel Structures Limit State Steel Design Code - A Discussion Elevated Steel Tanks Standardized Structural Connections

No 3 No 4

Wall Loads in Steel Bins Fire Engineering Design

No 1

No 2

Design of Fillet Weld Groups FilletWeld Design in the AISC Standardised Structural Connections Painting Steelwork

No 3 No 4 No 1

Bearing Stress and Edge Distance Plastic Design of Steel Frames CBA Centre -- Sydney

No 2 No 3 No 4

Tee Sections The 1981 Changes to AS 1250 Single Angle Struts

No 1 No 2 No 3 No 4 No 1 No 2 No 3 No 4 No 1 No 2

Thin-- Walled Beams Hollow Sections Cold-- Formed Purlins Steel Bridges Portal Frame Design Wide Span Structures Tapered Masts Composite Columns City Buildings Standardized Structural Connections -- Five Years On Two Recent Lon g-- Sp an Steel Structures Cold-- Formed Columns Economical Steelwork Composite Floors Fire Protective Products Curving Structural Steel Guyed Masts

No No No No No No

3 4 1 2 3 4


AUTHOR Reprint M G Lay Reprint B E Gorenc Reprint T J Hogan A Firkins / T J Hogan B Gorenc / T J Hogan D W Ramm A Firkins / T J Hogan / I R Thomas P C Arnold / A G McLean Reprint from Swedish Institute P Swanell T Hogan / I R Thomas P M Woods / C P Lloyd / A Pavey / M Frost-- Drury T J Hogan / I R Thomas Reprint ECCS I McKenzie / N Morrison/ R Sim T J Hogan / I R Thomas T J Hogan / I R Thomas S T Woolcock / S Kitipornchai R Q Bridge / N S Trahair J Wardenier G J Hancock A R Smith L J Morris D T Wright / R G Taylor R J Veitch R P Johnson / D G Smith A Firkins A Firkins / T J Hogan N Lo ng G J Hancock D L Oakes R Q Bridge AISC G Riviezzi ACADS working party on Guyed Masts

38

YEAR / VOL. ISSUE 1985 No 1 Vol 19 No 2 No 3 No 4

1986 Vol 20

1987 Vol 21

No 1 No 2 No 3 No 4 No 1 No 2 No 3

1 98 8 Vol 22

No 4 No 1 No 2 No 3 No 4

1989 Vol 23

No 1 No 2 No 3

No 4 1 99 0 Vo l 2 4

No 1 No 2 No 3 No 4

1991 Vol 25

No 1 No 2

No 3

No 4

39

TITLE Tension Bracing Pin Connections Fire Testing Simulation - Thermal Responses Fire Testing Simulation 1. Mechanical Response 2. Overall Behaviour Buckling of Braced Beams Structural Steel Fire Protection Portal Frame Deflections Steel Construction in Canada Developments in Steel High Rise Construction in Australia Limit State Design Rules for Steel Beam-- Columns High Strength Quenched & Tempered Steels in Structures No issue The State Ban k Cen tre -- A Con cept in Steel The Structural Steel Fabricator in Sub-- Contract Ductility of Simply-- Supported Composite Beams Serv iceab ility Per fo rm an ce o f Steel Jo in ts High Rise Residential Buildings Staggered Truss System Recent Developments in Australian Standards for Steel Flat Products Stability of I-- Beams Under Self-- Weight Lifting Design of Continuous Composite Slabs - The Issue of Ductility Composite Beam Web Penetration Design Methods -Putting Theory into Practice Plastic Bending Tests of Cold-- Formed Rectangular Hollow Sections Safe Lo ad Tab les an d the Hu man Dimensio n Fab ricatio n Co st o f Stru ctu ral Steelwo rk A New partial Shear Connection Strength Model for Composite Slabs Predicting the Ultimate Structural Behaviour of Transmission Towers Construction Safety. Analysis and Testing of a Static Line System Design of angles to AS 4100 - 1990 AS 4100 -- 1990 Hints for Designers Steel Headframes for Mines AS 4100 -- 1900 . Hints for Designers. Design Capacity Tables for Structu ral Steel -- A Quick Access Guide RHS Tubular Sections Grade C450. Plate Slenderness Limits

AUTHOR S T Woolcock / S Kitipornchai G Riviezzi I D Bennetts / D J Proe / I R Thomas I D Bennetts / D J Proe / I R Thomas P F Dux / S Kitipornchai C I Smith S T Woolcock / S Kitipornchai J Mullins / P Saunderson D C Gillett / K B Watson R Q Bridge / N S Trahair J E Croll

R McPharlin M Patrick / R Q Bridge R Ko ho utek R K Huzzard / J W Larson S Kotwal / R Doherty P F Dux / S Kitipornchai M Patrick M Patrick S W Hasan / G J Hancock M G Stewart A Firk in s / R Hem ph ill M Patrick F G Al-- Bermani / S Kitipornchai P H Dayawansa / C C Goh / R Wilkie P H Dayawansa / C C Goh / I D Bennetts A A Syam A J May A A Syam

X-- L Zh ao / G J Hancock


YEAR / VOL. ISSUE 1992 No 1 Vol 26 No 2

No 3 No 4 1993 Vol 27

No 1 No 2 No 3

1994 Vol 28

No 4 No 1 No 2

No 3

1995 Vol 29

No 4 No 1 No 2 No 3 No 4

1996 Vol 30

No 1 No 2 No 3 No 4

1997 Vol 31

No 1 No 2 No 3 No 4

TITLE Beam Formulae Design of Single Storey Industrial Buildings for Fire Resistance Design of Steel Structures for Fire Resistance in Accordance with AS 4100 An Approximate Simple Plastic Analysis of Portal Frame Structures Design of Unbraced Beams Testing and Design of Bondek II Composite Slabs for Vertical Shear Design of Unbraced Cantilevers Deflections in Pinned-- Base Haunched Gable Frame Desig n Cap acity Tab les fo r Stru ctu ral Steel Partial Shear Strength Design of Simply-- Supported Composite Beams - Draft Revision of AS 2327 , Part 1 Background to the New Loading Code – Minimum Design Loads on Structures AS 1170 Part 4: Earthquake loads Earthquake Resistant Design of Steel Structures - An Introduction for the Practising Engineer Structural Analysis to AS 4100 -- An Introduction. Paper 1. Introduction to Methods of Analysis in AS 4100 -- 1990 Paper 2. Elastic Method of Analysis of Rigid Jointed Frames Including Second Order Effects Paper 3. Second Order Elastic Analysis Solution Technique Wind Loads on Steel-- Framed Low-- Rise Buildings Benchmarks for Nonlinear Elastic Frame Analysis Steel Lateral Load Resisting Systems for Buildings of up to 8 Levels A Guide to the Requirements for Engineering Drawings of Structural Steelwork Australian Composite Structures Standard AS 2327, Part 1: Simply-- Suppo rted Beams

AUTHOR A Syam A J O’Meagher / I D Bennetts / P H Dayawansa / I R Thomas I R Thomas / I D Bennetts / D J Proe S P Pikusa / M A Bradford N S Trahair / T J Hogan / A A Syam M Patrick N S Trahair S Parsanejad A A Sy am / T Ho gan M Patrick / P H Dayawansa/ R Wilkie / K B Watson J W Woodside

G L Hutchinson / L Pham / J L Wilson R Q Bridge G J Hancock G J Hancock J D Holmes / M J Syme J Petrolito / K A Legge N van der Kreek Edited by A A Syam AISC

M Patrick / P H Dayawansa / I Eadie / K B Watson / N van der Kreek Simplified Torsion Design of Compact I-- Beams N S Trahair / Y L Pi Costing of Steelwork from Feasibility through to K B Watson / S Dallas / Completion N van der Kreek / T Main An Update on the Corrosion Process and Protection of R A Francis Structural Steelwork Design of Tubular Members and Connections using X L Zhao / G J Hancock / Amendment Number 3 to AS 4100 R Sully Australia’s First Seismic Resistant P McBean Eccentrically-- Braced Frame Tests on Static Line Systems P H Dayawansa / R Ralph Design of Tapered Haunched Universal Section TJ Hogan / AA Syam Members in Portal Frame Rafters Occupational health and safety: Best practice study of erection of steelwork at Sydney showground – Homebush Bay


John Holland Construction & Engineering Pty Ltd and WorkCover NSW

40

YEAR / VOL. ISSUE 1998 No 1 Vol 32 No 2 No 3 No 4 1999 Vol 33

No 1 No 2

No 3 No 4 2000 Vol 34

No 1 No 2 No 3 No 4

2001 Vol 35

41

No 1

TITLE Design and documentation deficiency anditsimpacton steel construction Innovative tied portal steel structure achieves a world first Inorganic zinc or galvanizing: choosing the ideal corrosion pr otection for structural steel Full scale experiments of a steel portal frame building

AUTHOR P A Tilley

Occupational health and safety: Welding fume minimisation guidelines The evolution of Australian Material Standards for structural steel

A A Syam / G Saunders

The evolution of Australian Material Standards for Pressure Vessel Plate

S Kotwal

Steel stocked in Australia – A Summary for designers of heavy steelwork Information technology in the Australian Steel construction industry

R Keays

Australia’s grand stadia: Stadium Australia, Colonial Stadium Assessment of existing structures: A strength limit state appraisal of hot driven rivets Lateral buckling design of portal frame rafters Design details for after fabrication galvanized structures Engineering documentation standards Incomplete documentation: Is there a problem

D McDonald / M Sheldon R Sheldon G F Barker

Design and documentation quality and itsimpact on the construction process

P A Tilley / S L McFallan / S N Tucker

Engineers, documentation and litigation

A Baigent

Engineering documentation standards

P Cocciardi

Spencer Street Footbridg e -- Case Study

B McNiven

Brief Comments on Engineering Documentation Standards AnEngineeringinsight intothe fundamentalbehaviour of tensile bolted joints

E Zyhajlo

Design of steel roof and wall cladding systems for pull-- out failures

M Mahendran

A N Pollard R A Francis T J Heldt / M Mahendran

G Rhyder / A Forbes / S Kotwal

P Burns

N S Trahair Galvanizers Association of Australia L Wilson

S Fernando


23. WEBSITES 23.1. Organizations Ajax Fasteners www.ajaxfast.com.au American In stitute o f Steel Con struction www.aisc.o rg American Iron and Steel Institute www.steel.org American National Standards Institute www.ansi.org Am erican So ciety fo r Testin g an d Mater ials www.astm .o rg American Society of Civil Engineers www.asce.org American Welding Society www.aws.org Association of Consulting Engineers www.acea.aust.com Australasian Corrosion Association www.corrprev.org.au Australasian Wind Engineering Society www.awes.org Australian Building Codes Board www.abcb.gov.au Au str alian Ear th qu ak e En gin eerin g So ciety www.aees.o rg .au Au str alian I nstitu te o f Steel Co nstru ctio n www.aisc.co m.au Australian Stainless Steel Development Association www.assda.asn.au BHP Billiton www.bhpsteel.com Bisalloy www.emailmetals.com.au Blast Cleaning and Coating Association of Australia www.bcca.asn.au British Constructional Steelwork Association www.bcsa.org.uk British Standards Institute www.bsi-- global.com Building Innovation and Construction Technology www.dbce.bl.uk Building Research Association of New Zealand www.branz.org.nz Building Science Forum of Australia www.bsfa.org.au Cordell Building Information Services www.cordell.com.au Corrosion Prevention Centre www.corrprev.org.au European Convention for Constructional Steelwork www.steelconstruct.com Fielders Steel Roofing www.fielders.com.au Finnish Constructional Steelwork Association www.vtt.fi Galvanizers Association of Australia www.gaa.com.au Heavy En gin eering Research Asso ciation www.h era.org.nz Institute of Civil Engineers(U.K.) www.ice.org.uk Institute of Industrial Engineers www.iienet.org Institution of Engineers Australia www.ieaust.org.au Institution of Mechanical Engineers www.engc.org.uk Institution of Structural Engineers www.istructe.org.uk Integrated Technical Software www.spacegass.com International Association for Bridge and Structural Eng ineering www.iabse.ethz.ch International Iron and Steel Institute www.worldsteel.org International Standards Organization www.iso.ch Iron and Steel Institute of Japan www.isij.or.jp Japanese Society of Steel Construction www.jssc.or.jp Lincoln Electric www.lincolnelectric.com Master Builders Australia www.mba.org.au National Asssociation of Steel Framed Housing www.nash.mx.com.au National Association of Testing Authorities Australia www.nata.asn.au Natio nal In stitu te o f Steel Detailin g (U.S.) www.n isd .o rg NATSPEC www.cis.asn.au New Zealand Standards www.standards.co.nz OHS www.ohs.com.au OneSteel www.onesteel.com Palmer Tube Mills www.ptm.com.au Rawlinsons Construction Cost Guide www.rawlinsons.com.au Roads and Traffic Authority www.rta.nsw.gov.au Ro yal Au stralian In stitu te of Arch itects www.raia.co m.au Singapore Structural Steel Society home1.pacific.net.sg/~ssss Society for Protective Coatings www.sspc.org South African Iron and Steel Institute www.steel.org.za STEEL CONSTRUCTION VOLUME 35N UMBER2, JUNE 2001

42

An Overview Of Design Aids For Structural Steelwork

Recommend Documents