MiCOM P441 P442 Distance Protection Relays
MiCOM P441 and P442 Distance Protection Relays
T&D Protection & Control
MiCOM P441 and P442 Full Scheme Distance Protection Relays
Introduction MiCOM Distance Protection Relays provide flexible and reliable integration of protection, control, monitoring and measurement functions. Extensive functionality provides complete protection and control for a wide range of overhead lines and underground cables from distribution to transmission voltage levels.
Models Available • P441 Distance Protection Relay, Relay, three phase tripping logic and threepole autorecloser, autorecloser, 8 opto inputs, 14 output relays with option for synchronism check. • P442 Distance Protection Relay, Relay, single and three-phase tripping logic and one and three-pole autorecloser. autorecloser. This version has 16 opto-inputs and 21 output relays. In addition to the synchronism check option, IRIG-B time synchronisation is available as is a fibre optic interface for rear port IEC60870-5-103 IEC60870-5-103 communication option.
Distance Protection • Dual distance protection algorithms • Typical Typical operating time 1.25 cycles • Five independent zones of protection • Zone 1 extension scheme • Independent quadrilateral characteristics for phase-to-phase and phase-to-earth faults • Range of pre-programmed channel aided schemes and user-definable channel aided scheme logic • Weak infeed and echo logic • Loss of load protection
• Current reversal guard protection and parallel line compensation • Power swing blocking • Switch-On-To-Fault and zoneselectable Trip-On-Reclose protection
Monitoring
Other Protection Functions
Communications
• Directional/non-directional Directional/non-directional phase overcurrent • Stub bus protection • Emergency overcurrent on VT failure • Directional/non-directional Directional/non-directional earth fault • Channel-aided directional earth fault • Directional/non-directional Directional/non-directional negative sequence overcurrent • Under/overvoltage • Broken conductor • Circuit breaker failure • Voltage transformer supervision • Current transformer supervision
Control • Four shot autoreclose (1 and/or 3-pole) with or without synchronism check • Circuit breaker control • Programmable scheme logic • Programmable inputs and outputs • Four setting groups
Measurements • Comprehensive range of measurement values including instantaneous and derived values.
Post Fault Analysis • Fault location • Event and fault records • Disturbance records
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• Trip circuit monitoring • Breaker state monitoring • Breaker condition monitoring
• A choice of protocols • Front and rear communication ports
Diagnostics • Power-up diagnostics • Continuous self monitoring • Test facilities
User Friendly Interface • Liquid crystal display with backlight • Programmable LED indications • Password protection • Optional secondary front cover
Software Support In conjunction with MiCOM S1, provided separately: • Settings editor • Programmable scheme logic editor • Viewing of fault diagnostics and measurements • Disturbance recorder viewer
Application MiCOM P441 and P442 Numerical Distance Relays provide comprehensive distance protection for the following applications: lines, cables, tapped lines, lines with multiple zero sequence sources, non-homogeneous lines, series compensated lines and parallel lines. The resistive reach coverage allows application to short lines and cable protection. It provides complete protection of solidly earthed systems from distribution to transmission voltage levels.
Using well-proven, patented techniques to directionalise, and making full use of digital memory, the relays can be applied in situations that can cause classic distance implementations to maloperate (cross-country faults, close-up faults, etc.). The MiCOM P441 and P442 are complete with a library of scheme logic applications as well as user programmable scheme logic, metering, logging, oscillography and advanced communication abilities. Many back up functions are also selectively available. Windows-based software tools are provided to ease setting, view data from the relays, and analyse faults. A range of communication protocols allows connection with many external devices thus providing remote programming, control and extraction of information. Figure 1 is a single line diagram giving the protection functions of the MiCOM P441 and P442 relays. For clarity, current related functions are shown in red circles, voltage related functions in green squares, current/voltage related functions in brown octagons.
Benefits of Use MiCOM relays offer fast, secure clearing for any type of fault. The unique distance and directionalising implementations provide an optimum mix of speed, selectivity and security for difficult fault types and application situations. In addition, the P441 and P442 offer the following benefits: • Standardised relay selection for all applications. • Simplified spares holding with dual rated CT inputs. • No need for additional equipment (voltage protection, current protection, autorecloser, synchronism check, disturbance recorder, recorder, measurement devices). • Simple system integration through a choice of protocols. • Faster fault diagnosis with fault information, disturbance and event records. • Maximise protection availability through extensive self-monitoring and self-test, system supervision (CT, VT, trip circuit monitoring)
3Y 3Y MiCOMP441/P442
46 BC
46
50 BF
50
85
50 / 51
51 FF
VTS / CTS
21P
78
59 67
50 / 27
21G
67N
50N 50N / 51N 51N
27
1 25 / 79
21G
21P
85 50
Ground distance protection, 3 forward elements, 1 reverse element,1 selectable element, quadrilateral zones Phase distance protection, 3 forward elements,1 reverse element,1 selectable element, quadrilateral zones Channel-aided protection Phase overcurrent,High set,for Stub bus application
67/46 50/27
Negative sequence overcurrent Switch onto fault and trip on reclose 50/51 Phase overcurrent, DT or IDMT 50/51N Ground over current, DT or IDMT 51FF Fuse failure overcurrent 67 Phase directional overcurrent 67N DEF, communication aided 78 Power swing detection,used to selectively permit or block tripping
VTS CTS 50BF 46BC 25 79 59 27
Voltage transformer supervision Current transformer supervision Breaker failure and backtrip Broken conductor detection Check synchroniser Autorecloser Overvoltage Undervoltage
Figure 1: Protection line diagram
• Enhanced reliability for all faults through two different measurement techniques. The software tools contained in S1 allow intuitive interface to the relay, and greatly lessen training and documentation commitment. The post fault analysis capabilities allow Operations personnel to make informed decisions about relay and system operation.
Distance Protection Functions Three phase tripping with faulted phase indication is provided for all protection functions. In addition model P442 allows singlephase tripping for the distance protection and the channel-aided DEF protection. Dual distance protection algorithms The operation of the MiCOM relays is based on the combined use of two types of fault detection: • Calculation of the superimposed current and voltage values that are characteristic of the fault ("Delta" algorithms). • Measurement of impedance values ("Conventional" algorithms). This dual algorithm principle offers dependable detection of all types of faults occurring on the network. Proven quadrilateral distance characteristics issue the trip command to clear any fault. 3
The impedance calculations are performed on each waveform sample for all six loops AN, BN, AB, BC and CA making this a true full scheme numerical distance relay. relay.
Delta algorithms The Delta algorithms are based on transient components. This is a patented technique with 10 years experience in various relays. The current and voltage values are continuously predicted, based on the last two cycles, and the predicted values are compared with the values actually measured. A fault is detected if the predicted and measured values are different ( ∆I and ∆V). Faulted phase selection is made by comparing the superimposed currents for each phase. The directional elements use the faultgenerated changes in the voltage and current signals at the relay location, referred to as the superimposed signals, to determine the direction of a fault. During a fault the voltage signal changes by ∆V and the current signal changes by ∆I.
I f
(i) Faulted
F
Vp
I
ZS
Current:–
Vf
I f
Vf
Ip
(ii) Unfaulted (predicted)
Voltage:– F
Vp
Ip
VP
F
V
V
I
t=0
t=0
t=0
(iii) Superimposed
Figure 2: Relationship between between the superimposed and the faulted power system
Figure 2 illustrates that the faulted power system can be considered to consist of two parts: the unfaulted system and the superimposed system. The superimposed system defines the changes caused by the fault. The directional elements process the signals ∆V and ∆I obtained from the superimposed system (see Figure 2(iii)) and calculate the sign of the superimposed energy: • for a forward fault ∆V and ∆I are of opposite polarity (sign of energy: negative) and • for a reverse fault ∆V and ∆I are of the same polarity (sign of energy: positive). The directional and phase selection elements will change their decision if required, for example during evolving or cross-country faults.
Conventional algorithms Conventional algorithms in the relays use impedance measurement criteria with quadrilateral-shaped characteristics. This algorithm is used for the time-delayed zones when the superimposed delta quantities have disappeared. Phase selection is enhanced for high current faults by utilising current phase selection. If the fault current is low, impedance phase selection is used. A fault is detected when the impedance crosses the starting characteristic (see Figure 3). Both algorithms independently monitor the system, measuring the impedance loops and calculating delta values
continuously. continuously. On fault inception, the tripping logic criteria are started to provide secure, fast tripping.
Distance to fault The distance to the fault is measured by discriminating between the voltage drop on the line and that caused by the fault. This removes the error due to the fault resistance irrespective of the load current. A least squares method is used to get the algorithms to converge rapidly. Quadrilateral characteristic characteristicss Two independently settable impedance characteristics (for earth faults and phase faults) provide five zones of protection each as shown in Figure 4. They are: • Zone 1 forward directional instantaneous or time-delayed trip zone and Zone 1X forward directional used in Zone 1 extension schemes with autoreclosure, or as a time-delayed trip zone. Zone 1X can be enabled
when the channel associated with an aided scheme has failed. • Zone 2 forward directional time-delayed trip zone. • Zone P forward or reverse “programmable” programmable” directional time delayed trip zone. • Zone 3 forward directional time delayed trip zone. • Zone 4 reverse directional time delayed trip zone. Four independent earth fault residual compensation coefficients are provided for non-homogeneous line protection, or the back-up protection of transformers. Power swing blocking Power swing is detected when the impedance passes through the ∆R and ∆X zone in more than 5 ms. Any of the zones (Z1/Z1X, Z2, Z3 or Zp) can be selectively blocked. Three separate elements can be set to override the power swing blocking in case of major faults. X X Zone 3, T3 Zone P, Tp
Figure 3: Impedance characteristic Zone 2, T2 Zone 1X, T1 Zone1, Zone1, T1
R1Ph R2Ph RpPh R3Ph R1G R2G RpG R3G R
Zone P, Tp reverse Zone 4, T4
4
R
Power-swing boundary Starting characteristic stic (fault detection)
Switch-on-to-fault (SOTF)/ Switch-on-to-fault Trip on reclose (TOR) The Switch-On-To-Fault and Trip On Reclose protection offers fast fault clearance immediately following circuit breaker closure. TOR can be configured to trip only for faults in selected zones so as to make sure the fault is on the protected line. They can also be directionalised by distance schemes. An overcurrent threshold ( I>3) is available to accelerate the trip on high fault current. The SOTF protection is blocked when 2nd harmonic is detected in order to avoid maloperation due to transformer magnetising inrush. Channel-aided scheme logic The relay is fitted with a comprehensive selection of IEC and ANSI/IEEE compatible channel-aided schemes for 2 terminal feeders: • Permissive Underreach Protection, Accelerating Zone 2 (PUP Z2), • Permissive Underreach Protection Tripping via Forward Start (PUP forward), • Permissive Overreach Protection with Overreaching Zone 1 (POP Z1), • Permissive Scheme Unblocking logic (Loss of Guard, Loss of Carrier) • Blocking Overreach Protection with Overreaching zone 2 (BOP Z2), • Blocking Overreach Protection with Overreaching zone 1 (BOP Z1), • Weak Infeed and Echo logic. For double circuit lines, current reversal guard logic is available to prevent tripping of a healthy line. In addition to the pre-programmed schemes, the relays allow the creation of customised channel-aided schemes. Loss of load accelerated tripping The loss of load logic provides fast fault clearance for faults over the whole of a double end fed protected circuit for all types of fault, except three phase. It does not require a signalling channel but can be enabled when the channel associated with an aided scheme has failed. (Loss of load schemes are applicable only where three pole tripping is employed.)
Other Protection Functions Directional comparison scheme The programmable scheme logic (PSL) provides many scheme possibilities. An example of this is to create a directional comparison scheme integral to the relay. 21 forward to remote from remote
Directional comparison
t
The PSL can be used to initiate an external signal send when a forward fault directional decision is made. The relay at the other end can use this signal receive with its own forward fault decision to initiate a trip thus creating a unit protection of the whole line. Phase overcurrent Four independent stages are available for the phase overcurrent protection. Two stages (I>1 and I>2) may be selected as non-directional or directional (forward/reverse). All stages have definite time (DT) delayed characteristics, two of the stages (I>1 and I>2) may also be independently set to one of nine inverse definite minimum time (IDMT) curves (IEC and IEEE). The IDMT stages have a programmable reset timer for grading with electromechanical relays and to reduce clearance times where intermittent faults occur. occur. • The I>1 and I>2 stages are also used for emergency overcurrent protection in case of a VT malfunction (MCB trip or fuse failure). • The I>3 DT stage is used as part of the SOTF/TOR elements and to detect close-up faults. • The I>4 DT stage is used for Stub Bus protection in 11/2 circuit breaker feeding arrangements. The phase fault elements direction is provided by the distance algorithms. Overcurrent elements operate correctly for close-up three phase faults as they use the superimposed “Delta” Delta” elements for the directional decision.
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Negative sequence overcurrent Negative sequence overcurrent protection can be set as either non-directional or directional (forward/reverse), and can operate for remote phase-phase and phaseearth faults even with delta-star transformers present. Earth fault elements Two functions of earth fault protection are available. They operate from a residual current that is derived internally from the summation of the three phase currents. The directionality of the earth fault elements is provided by either zero sequence voltage or negative sequence voltage. Channel-Aided Directional Earth Fault ("Aided DEF") Directional comparison protection operates in conjunction with one or two remote end relays. The Aided DEF protection is able to trip single or three-pole using permissive or blocking scheme logic. The transmission channels may be the same as those used by the distance protection or may be independent. Stand-by Earth Fault ("SBEF") There are two stand-by earth fault elements. Both can be set directional or non directional. Each can be set either DT or IDMT time-delayed. Stand-by earth fault elements always trip three pole and have an optional timer hold facility on reset. They may be enabled at the same time providing discriminative directional earth fault protection and back-up standby earth fault protection in the same device. To maintain operation during periods of VT malfunction, a back-up VTS fail definite time function can be applied to both elements. On VTS pick-up both are forced to non-directional operation and are subject to a revised DT time delay, delay, user set to mimic distance zone time delays.
Under/overvoltage Under/overvoltage protection may be configured to operate from either phase-phase or phase-neutral voltage elements. Two independent stages with definite time elements are available, one of the stages can also be configured to an inverse characteristic.
Broken conductor The broken conductor protection detects unbalanced conditions caused by broken conductors, maloperation of single phase switchgear or by single phasing conditions.
Supervisory Functions Circuit breaker failure protection Circuit breaker failure protection may be used for backtripping upstream circuit breakers, and/or for retripping via a second breaker trip coil when a local breaker failure is detected. The circuit breaker failure logic may also be initiated externally from other protection devices if required. Voltage Volta ge transfo transformer rmer supervis supervision ion (VTS) Voltage Voltage transformer supervision super vision is provided to detect loss of one, two or three VT signals, providing indication and inhibition of voltage dependent protection elements. An opto-input may also be configured to initiate the voltage transformer supervision alarm and blocking when used with MCBs or other external forms of voltage transformer supervision. The logic is as follows:
U0 I0 IMAX
&
1 or 2 VT signals failed
&
3 VT signals failed
I2
U< ∆I
Current transformer supervision (CTS) Current transformer supervision is provided to detect loss of phase CT signals and inhibit the operation of current dependent protection elements. This is achieved by detecting the presence of residual current in the absence of residual voltage.
Control Circuit breaker control Circuit breaker control is available from the front panel user interface, opto-inputs and remotely via the substation communications.
Figure 4: Programmable scheme logic logic (MiCOM S1)
illustrated in Figure 4. The required logic is drawn as shown and is then downloaded directly into the th e relay. The total scheme operation is shown clearly and there is no need for complex Boolean formulas. The logic may also be uploaded from the relay and then modified using MiCOM S1.
Autoreclose Autoreclo se with with synchro synchronism nism check The P441 provides three pole multishot (up to 4 shots) autoreclose with optional synchronism check. The P442 provides one and three pole multi-shot (up to 4 shots) autoreclose with optional synchronism check. For both models, the user may select a single, two, three or four shot autoreclose cycle, with independently settable dead times and reclaim time. The check synchroniser offers independent settings for manual closing and autoreclosing. (Check synchronism is an optional extra which should be specified at the time of ordering).
MiCOM Z-Graph MICOM Z-Graph allows downloading distance protection settings from the relay and displaying the tripping characteristic for all 4 groups. The user can modify the distance settings and upload the new configuration into the relay. relay. Conversion to Rio format is also available.
Programmable scheme logic Programmable scheme logic allows the user to customise the protection and control functions. It is also used to program the functionality of the optoinputs, relay outputs and LED indications. The programmable scheme logic comprises 256 gate logic and 8 general purpose timers. The gate logic includes OR, AND and majority gate functions, with the ability to invert the inputs and outputs, and provide feedback. The system is optimised to evaluate changes to the scheme logic signals and thus avoid unnecessary signal processing. The programmable scheme logic may be configured using the graphical MiCOM S1 PC based software, as
Independent protection setting groups The settings are divided into two categories; protection settings, and control and support settings. Four setting groups are provided for the protection settings to allow for different operating conditions and adaptive relaying.
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Measurement and Recording Facilities The P440 series is capable of measuring and storing the values of a wide range of quantities. All events, fault and disturbance records are time tagged to a resolution of 1ms using an internal real time clock. An IRIG-B port is also provided in the P442 relay for accurate time synchronisation. A lithium battery provides a back-up for the real time clock and all records in the event of supply failure. This battery is supervised and easily replaced from the front of the relay. Measurements The measurements provided, which may be viewed in primary or secondary values, can be accessed by the back-lit liquid crystal display, or the communications ports. Phase notation is user definable. Instantaneous measureme measurements nts • Phase voltages Van Vbn Vcn • Line voltages Vab Vbc Vca • Neutral voltage Vn • Busbar voltage • Phase currents Ia Ib Ic • Neutral current In • Mutual current Im • Sequence currents and voltages • Frequency • Single and three phase power factor • Active power W a Wb Wc Wtotal • Reactive pow power VAra VArb VArc VArtotal • Appa Appare rent nt pow power er VA a VAb VAc VAtotal Derived values • Peak and average demand: W VAr
Post Fault Analysis Fault location A fault location algorithm provides distance to fault in miles, kilometres, ohms or percentage of line. A mutual compensation feature is provided to eliminate the effect of zero sequence mutual coupling from parallel lines.
Figure 5: Disturbance record analysing (MiCOM (MiCOM S1)
Event records Up to 250 time-tagged event records are stored in non-volatile memory, and can be extracted using the communication ports or viewed on the front panel display. display. Fault records Records of the last 5 faults are stored in non-volatile memor y. The information provided in the fault record includes: • Indication of faulted phase • Protection operation • Active setting group • Fault location • Relay and CB operating time • Currents, voltages and frequency Disturbance records The internal disturbance recorder records: • 8 analogue channels, • 32 digital channels • 1 time channel. • Data is sampled 24 times a cycle. • 20 disturbance records. • Maximum duration of each record: 10.5 seconds. • Non-volatile memory. • All channels and trigger sources user configured.
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Disturbance records can be extracted from the relay via the remote communications and saved in the COMTRADE format. These records may be examined using MiCOM S1 or any suitable software program.
Switchgear Supervision Trip circuit monitoring and supervision Monitoring of the trip circuit in both breaker open and closed states. Supervision of the trip circuit using the programmable scheme logic.
Circuit breaker state monitoring An alarm will be generated if there is a discrepancy between the open and closed contacts of the circuit breaker. breaker. Circuit breaker condition monitoring The circuit breaker condition monitoring features include: • monitoring the number of breaker trip operations • recording the sum of the broken current quantity ∑Ix, 1.0 ≤ x ≤ 2.0 • monitoring the breaker operating time • monitoring the number of breaker operations within a predetermined period.
A
Direction of forward current flow P2
P1 S2
B C
S1
yWatchdog
A
IA A
B C
b
IB
C4
5A
C5
See note 3. See note 4.
1A
C6
c
IC
C7
5A
C8 1A
C9
IM
See note 1.
C10
5A
C11
P2
B
A
P1 S2
C
1A
C12
Direction of for ward current flow A
Main Processor & User Interface board
1A
C3
N
a
5A
C2
C B Phase rotation
n
C1
Input module
S1 B C Phase rotation
- transformer - 16 bit ADC
Parallel line Protection
C19
VA
g n i r e t l i f d n a n o i t i s i u q c a n s o m s i e t h i t a t i i l t u r n c o l g a l u a c a q s n e d o u l t i o g c h o e l s t a e r o n h r a t p - - -
- fixed scheme logic - programmable scheme logic - communications - user inter face
1
0 0
4
Measurements
l p p u s r d e r w a o o P b
IN > 1 St ON 00:12:0 00:12:00 0 01/01/99 Tr i p A B C ON 12:01 12:01 01/01/99
5 Fault reports
Faul Fault A-B-C 15ms 15ms Ia= 1000A 1000A Ib= 1000A 1000A Ic= 1000A 1000A
+ J8 48V field voltage J10 + J2
Auxiliary voltage J1 See note 5.
d r a o b B G I R I
IRIG-B input (optional) TX RX
LEDs Fixed LEDs
LEDs
User programmable LEDs
C20
d r a o b r o s s e c o r p o C
VB C21
VC C22 C23 Notes:
V BUSBAR
1. I M input input is for for opti option onal al mut mutual ual compensation of fault locator. 2.
See note 2.
V BUSBAR only required if check
D2 D1 D4 D3 D6
synchronism function enabled.
3. C.T. C.T. connections are shown 1A connected and are typical only . 4. All C.T. C.T. connections have integral shorting. These contacts are made before the internal internal C.T. circuits are disconnected. 5. The bridge rectifier is not not present on the 24-48Vdc version.
User programmable
= 1 00 00 = 10 1 000 kA kA = 100ms 100ms
Programmable Programmable scheme logic
L3 L4 L5
D9 D12 D11 D14 D13 D16 D15
RS485
d r a o b t u p t u o y a l e R
L7
21P
21G
VTS/ CTS CTS
46 BC
46
50 BF
50
50/ 51
51 FF
85
50N/ 51N
50/ 27
67
67N
78
59
27
25/ 79
L8
L9
E1 E4
L10
E3 E6
L11
E5 E8
L12
E7 E10 E9 E12 E11 F14 E13 E16 E15
RL15 RL16 RL17 RL18 RL19 RL20 RL21
L6
E2
User programmable See note 6.
No. trtrips SUM I2 CB opt opt time time
Breaker monitoring
L2
D7 D10
L13 L14
d r a o b t u p t u o y a l e R
RL8 RL9 RL10 RL11 RL12 RL13 RL14
RL1 L15
See note 7.
L16
Opto input board
d r a o b t u p t u o y a l e R
RL2 RL3 RL4 RL5 RL6 RL7
Figure 6: System overview of the P442 relay relay
8
Front por t Courier Rear por t F18
L1
D5 D8
6. Additional hardware for P442 only . 7. ANSI CODES: 21N 21N Groun Ground d distan distance ce prot protec ecti tion on,, 3 forward elements, 1 reverse element, 1 selectable element, quadrilateral zones 21P 21P Phase Phase distan distance ce protec protecti tion on,, 3 forward elements, 1 reverse element, 1 selectable element, quadrilateral zones 85 D isis ta nc nce p ro ro te ct ct io n, n, communication aided 50 Phas Phasee ove overc rcur urre rent nt,, Hig Highh set set,, for Stub bus application 67/46 67/46 Negati Negative ve sequen sequence ce overcurrent 50/27 Switch Switch onto fault and trip on on reclose 50/51 50/51 Phase Phase overcur overcurrent rent, DT or IDMT 50/51N Stand-by Earth fault, DT or IDMT 51FF 51FF Fuse Fuse fai failu lure re over overcu curre rrent nt 67 Phas Phasee dire direct ctio iona nall over overcu curr rren entt 67N 67N Direc Directi tion onal al Ear Earth t h fau fault, lt, communication aided 78 Powe Powerr swi swing ng dete detect ctio ion, n, used used to selectively permit or block tripping VTS VTS Volta oltage ge tran transf sfor ormer m er supervision CTS CTS Curr Curren entt tra trans nsfo forrmer mer supervision 50BF 50BF Breake Breakerr failur failuree and back backtr trip ip 46BC 46BC Broken Broken cond conduct uctor o r detec detectio tionn 25 Che ck ck sy sy nncchr on oniser 79 Autorecloser 59 Overvoltage 27 Undervoltage
C24
RS232
20 Disturbance records
Fibre optic Communication for IEC60870-5-103 (optional)
See note 6.
k A, A, k V , H z k W,k V A, k V kW , kV , rh Sequencecomponents
250 Event records
J11 Relay failed J12 J13 Relay healthy J14 + J7 48V field voltage J9
F16 SCN
Courier or Modbus or IEC60870-5-103
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 F13 F14 F15 F16 F17 F18
User programmable
G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 G13 G14 G15 G16 G17 G18
User programmable
H1 H2 H3 H4 H5 H6 H7 H8 H9 H10 H11 H12 H13 H14 H15 H16 H17 H18
User programmable See note 6.
Local and Remote Communications Two communication ports are available; a rear port providing remote communications and a front port providing local communications. Remote communicatio communications ns The remote communications are based on RS485 voltage levels. Any of the protocols listed below can be chosen at the time of ordering, for easy system integration such as MiCOM S10, PSCN, SPACE 2000 and other SCADA or integrated protection control packages. Courier/K-Bus The Courier language is a protocol which has been developed specifically for the purpose of developing generic PC programs that will, without modification, communicate with any device using the Courier language. Modbus Modbus is a master/slave protocol, whereby the master must have knowledge of the slave's databases and addresses. The MiCOM P440 series is implemented in Modbus RTU mode. IEC 60870-5-103 The relay is compliant with the transmission protocol defined by the specification IEC 60870-5-103. 60870-5-103. An optional fibre optic interface is available for this protocol. The standardised messages based on the VDEW communication protocol are supported. Local communicatio communications ns The front serial communications port has been designed for use with MiCOM S1 software, which fully supports functions within the relay by providing the ability to program the settings off-line, configure the programmable scheme logic, extract and view event, disturbance and fault records, view the measurement information dynamically and perform control functions. ALSTOM’ ALSTOM’s PAS&T can also be used with the local communications port. MiCOM S1 and PAS&T softwares are provided separately.
of reliability. The results of the self-test functions are stored in non-volatile memory. Test Test features available on the user interface provide examination of input quantities, states of the digital inputs, relay outputs and selected internal logic. A local monitor port providing digital outputs, selected from a prescribed list of signals, including the status of protection elements, may be used in conjunction with test equipment. These test signals can also be viewed using the Courier and Modbus communications ports.
User Interface The front panel user interface comprises: 1
6
3 2 5 4 7
8
Hardware Description All models within the MiCOM P440 series include: • A back-lit liquid crystal display • 12 LEDs • An optional IRIG-B port • An RS232 port • An RS485 port • A download/monitor port • A battery (supervised) - time function only • N/O and N/C watchdog contacts • Supervised 48V field voltage • 1A/5A dual rated CTs The case variations between the MiCOM P441 and P442 models are:
P441 P442 8 16 6 N/O 9 N/O 8 C/O 12 C/O
Opto-inputs Relay outputs
The opto-inputs, relay outputs and 8 of the LEDs are preconfigured as a default, but may be re-programmed by the user. The opto-inputs are independent and may be powered from the 48V field voltage available from the relay. The relay outputs may be configured as latching or self reset. All CT connections have integral shorting. System frequency
(1) (1)
A 2 x 16 16 char charac acte terr back back-l-litit liq liqui uidd crystal display. display. (2) (2) Four Four fix fixed ed fun funct ctio ionn LEDs LEDs.. (3) (3) Eigh Eightt user user prog progra ramma mmabl blee LED LEDs. s. (4) (4) Menu Menu navi naviga gatition on and and dat dataa entr entryy keys. (5) (5) "READ "READ"" ; and and "CLE "CLEAR AR"" C keys keys for viewing and acknowledging alarms. (6) (6) An upp upper er cove coverr ide ident ntififyi ying ng the the product name. The cover may be raised to provide access to the product model number, serial number and ratings. (7) (7) A low lower er cove coverr con conce ceal alin ingg the the front RS232 port, down load/monitor port and battery compartment. The front of the cover displays the name of the product, but may also be customised to display a user defined name. (8) Facili Facility ty for fittin fittingg a securi security ty lead lead seal.
Other default displays
Three-phase voltage
Alarm messages
Date and time
Figure 7: Menu structure
Diagnostics Automatic tests performed including power-on diagnostics and continuous self-monitoring ensure a high degree 9
Column n Group 4 Distance Elts
Column 1 System data
Column 2 View records
Data 1.1 Language
Data 2.1 Last record
Data 1.2 Password
Data 2.2
Time and date
Other setting cells in column 1
Other setting cells in column 2
Other setting cells in column n
Data 1.n Password level 2
Data 2.n Reset Indication
Data n.n kZm Angle
Other column headings
Data n.1 Line Setting Note: The C key will return to column header from any menu cell
Data n.2 Line Length
The user interface and menu text are available in English, French, German and Spanish as standard. Labels supplied with the device allow customised descriptions of the LEDs. A user selectable default display provides measurement information, time/date, protection functions and plant reference information. The ability to customise the menu text and alarm descriptions is also supported. Password protection Password protection may be independently applied to the front user interface, front communications port and rear communications port. Two levels of password protection are available providing access to the controls and settings respectively. respectively.
Technical Data Operating time Distance protection: • 18ms minimum • 22ms typical at 60Hz 25ms typical at 50Hz • Drop-off time 18ms at 60Hz 22ms at 50Hz Overcurrent protection: • 10ms minimum Breaker failure protection: • Reset time <15ms Accuracy • Distance protection: ±5% • Fault locator: ±3% Ratings Inputs: • AC current ( In) 1A - 5A dual rated ac rms • AC voltage (Vn) 80 - 140V rms nominal phase-phase • Rated frequency 50/60Hz • Operative range 45Hz to 65Hz • Auxiliary voltage (Vx)
Nominal (V) dc 24 - 48
Operative range dc
ac
19 to 65
–
48 - 110 37 to 150
24 to 110
110 - 250 87 to 300
80 to 265
Outputs: • Field voltage supply 48V dc (current limit: 112mA) Burdens • DC auxiliary voltage 15VA typical (P441) 18VA typical (P442) • AC auxiliary voltage 16W typical (P441) 19W typical (P442) • Optically isolated inputs 0.24W per input at 48V • Nominal voltage circuit Un 100 – 120V <0.03VA at 110V • Nominal current circuit Phase and neutral <0.04VA at 1A <0.4VA at 5A Thermal withstand • AC current inputs 4.0 In continuous 30 In for 10s 100 In for 1s • AC voltage inputs 2 Vn continuous 2.6 Vn for 10s Current transformer requirements • For Class X current transformers : Vk = IF (1 + X/R)(RB + RCT + RL) Where: • IF = The maximum secondary fault current at the relay Zone 1 reach point. • X/R X/R = The The prim primary ary syst system em rati ratio. o. • RB = The relay burden. • RCT RCT = The The CT sec secon onda dary ry win windi ding ng resistance. • RL = The The resis esista tanc ncee of the the cable able connection the relay to the CTs, (lead and return for earth faults, lead only for phase faults.) • For IEC class 5P protection current transformers: [(VA.ALF)/In] + [RCT.ALF. In)> IF(1 + X/R)(RB + RCT + RL) Where: VA = burden ALF ALF = accu accura racy cy limi limitt fac facto torr
10
Digital inputs • Optically isolated inputs may be energised from the supervised 48V field voltage provided or an external battery. • Operating voltage >30V dc • Max. input voltage 60V dc • AC immunity 50V rms Contacts • Contact ratings: Make: Make: 30A and carry carry for for 3s 3s Carry Carry:: 5A con contitinu nuou ouss Break: dc 50W re resistive 25W inductive (L/R = 40ms) ac 1250VA re resistive ac 1250VA in inductive (P.F. = 0.5) Subject to maxima of 5A and 300V • Watchdog contact ratings dc 30W resistive dc 15W inductive (L/R = 40ms) ac 375W inductive (P.F. = 0.7) • Durability: Loaded contact 10,000 operations minimum Unloaded contact 100,000 operations minimum Rear communications port • Connection Multidrop (32 units) • Cable type Screened twisted pair • Cable length 1000m max • Connector Screw terminals • Signal levels RS485 • Isolation SELV • Remote access • Transmission rate: 9600, 19200 or 38400 bits/s. Protocols supported Protocols • Courier • Modbus • IEC 60870-5-103 Note: An interface to an optical fibre, type 850nm, BFOC 2.5 connector is available for IEC 60870-5-103.
Front communications port • Connection Point to point • Cable type Multi-core • Cable length 15m max Connector RS232 DTE 9 pin D-type female • Protocol Courier • Isolation ELV • Local access • Transmission rate: 9600, 19200 or 38400 bits/s. IRIG-B Port • Carrier signal Amplitude modulated • Cable type 50 ohm coaxial cable • Connection BNC • Isolation SELV Internal battery • Battery type:
1/ 2
AA, 3.6V
• Battery life: fe:
>5 years
With auxiliary supply removed: 1 year Download/monitor port This is a 25 pin D-type female connector located on the front user interface and is specifically designed for test purposes and software download. • Isolation ELV • Local access High voltage withstand
• Dielectric withstand IEC 60255-5: 1977 2kV rms for 1 minute between all case terminals connected together and the case earth. 2kV rms for 1 minute between all terminals of independent circuits with terminals on each independent circuit connected together. ANSI/IEEE C37.90-1989 (r1994) 1kV rms for 1 minute across the open contacts of the watchdog relays. 1kV rms for 1 minute across open contacts of changeover output relays. 1.5kV rms for 1 minute across open contacts of normally open output relays.
• High voltage impulse IEC 60255-5: 1977 Three positive and three negative impulses of 5kV peak, 1.2/50µs, 0.5J between all terminals and all terminals and case earth. This is not applicable to the front RS232 and download/monitor ports. Electrical environment
• DC supply interruption IEC 60255-11: 1979 The unit will withstand a 20ms interruption in the auxiliary supply, in its quiescent state, without deenergising. • AC ripple on dc supply IEC 60255-11: 1979 The unit will withstand a 12% ac ripple on the dc supply. • AC voltage dips and short interruptions IEC 61000-4-11: 1994 20ms interruptions/dips. • High frequency disturbance IEC 60255-22-1: 1988 Class III At 1MHz, for 2s with 200 Ω source impedance: 2.5kV peak between independent circuits and independent circuits and case earth. 1.0kV peak across terminals of the same circuit. • Fast transient disturbance IEC 60255-22-4 : 1992 Class IV 4kV, 2.5kHz applied directly to auxiliary supply 4kV, 4kV, 2.5kHz applied to all inputs. • Surge withstand capability IEEE/ANSI C37.90.1 (1989) 4kV fast transient and 2.5kV oscillatory applied directly across each output contact, optically isolated input and power supply circuit. • Radiated immunity C37.90.2: 1995 25MHz to 1000MHz, zero and 100% square wave modulated. Field strength of 35V/m. • Conducted immunity IEC 61000-4-6: 1996 Level 3 10V, 150kHz to 80MHz at 1kHz 80% am
11
• Electrostatic discharge IEC 60255-22-2: 1996 Class 4 15kV discharge in air to user interface, display and exposed metal work. IEC 60255-22-2: 1996 Class 3 8kV discharge in air to all communication ports. 6kV point contact discharge to any part of the front of the product. • Surge immunity IEC 61000-4-5: 1995 Level 4 4kV peak, 1.2/50µs between all groups and case earth. 2kV peak, 1.2/50µs between terminals of each group. • EMC compliance 89/336/EEC Compliance to the European Commission Directive on EMC is claimed via the Technical Construction File route. Generic Standards were used to establish conformity: EN50081-2: 1994 EN50082-2: 1995 • Product safety 73/23/EEC Compliance with European Commission Low Voltage Voltage Directive. Compliance is demonstrated by reference to generic safety standards: EN61010-1: 1993/A2: 1995 EN60950: 1992/A11: 1997 Atmospheric Atmospher ic environment environment • Temperature IEC 60255-6:1988 60255-6:1988 Operating –25° 25°C to +55° +55°C Storage –40° 40°C to +70° +70°C Transit –25° 25°C to +70° +70°C IEC 60068-2-1: 1990/A2:1994 1990/A2:1994 Cold IEC 60068-2-2: 1974/A2:1994 1974/A2:1994 Dry heat • Humidity IEC 60068-2-3: 1969 56 days at 93% RH and +40° +40 °C • Enclosure protection IEC 60529: 1989 IP52 Protection (front panel) against dust and dripping water at 15° 15 ° to the vertical.
Mechanical environment • Vibration IEC 60255-21-1: 1996 Response Class 2 Endurance Class 2 • Shock and bump IEC 60255-21-2: 1995 Shock response Class 2 Shock withstand Class 1
23.30
8 off holes Dia. 3.4
155.40 AB
BA
159.00
168.00 AB
Sealing strip
177.0 (4U)
BA
181.30 202.00
10.35
483 (19 rack) ”
Flush mounting panel Panel cut-out detail
A = Clearance holes B = Mounting holes 200.00
• Seismic IEC 60255-21-3: 1995 Class 2
Note: If mounting plate is required use flush mounting cut out dimensions All dimensions in mm
Cases
P441 P442
MiCOM 40TE MiCOM 60TE
• Weight P441 P442
c.7.7 kg c.9.4 kg
Secondary cover (when fitted) 240.00 Incl. wiring
Front view
177.00
157.5 max
Additional information information MiCOM P441 & P442 Ser vice Manual
SM1.1671 (TG1.1671 + OG1.1671) Cour Courie ierr Com Commu muni nica catition onss R411 R4113 3 MiCO MiCOM M S1 Use Userr Manu Manual al R861 R8610 0 Midos Parts Catalogue and Asse Assembl mblyy Instruc Instructio tions ns R7012 R7012 PAS&T R8514 Case
The MiCOM P440 series relays are housed in a specially designed case providing a high density of functionality within the product, a customisable user interface, additional functions and information concealed by upper and lower covers. Physical protection of the front panel user interface and prevention of casual access is provided by an optional transparent front cover, which can be fitted or omitted according to choice, since the front panel has been designed to IP52 protection against dust and water. water. The case is suitable for either rack or panel mounting as shown in Figures 8 and 9.
206.00
Side view
30.00
Figure 8: Case size P441 (40TE) (40TE)
116.55
23.25 AB
142.45 A B
BA
0 0 . 177.0 8 6 (4U) 1
159.00 AB
10.30
Sealing strip
12 off holes Dia. 3.4
B A
129.50 155.40 305.50 303.50
BA
483 (19 rack) ”
A = Clearance holes B = Mounting holes
All dimensions in mm
Secondary cover (when fitted) 240.00 Incl. wiring
Front view
157.5 max
177.00
309.60
30.00
Figure 9: Case size P442 (60TE) (60TE)
12
Side view
MiCOM P442 Specification An integrated distance protection and autoreclose scheme shall provide one and three phase protection for two and three terminal applications, with faulted phase and fault value indications. An integral four shot, one and three pole autorecloser shall support synchronism check. The relay must have a five zone characteristic with an independent settable earth fault coefficient per zone. Resistance reach for phase and earth fault protections shall be independently settable with provision being made for non-homogeneous lines or transformer protection. Relay operating time for faults in the pilot zone or for faults within zone 1 reach shall be less than 1.5 cycle. Distance phase selection and directionality shall operate correctly for evolving faults between phases, between forward and reverse directions and between parallel lines (cross-country faults). In addition to distance protection, the relay shall include instantaneous overcurrent protection for close-up fault, stub bus protection, SOTF/TOR protection, under/overvoltage protection, breaker failure protection, power swing selective blocking, parallel line compensation, and a comprehensive range of IEC and ANSI/IEEE compatible pilot schemes for distance and DEF, and back-up including a comprehensive selection of IEC and ANSI/IEEE compatible IDMT characteristics for phase and earth fault overcurrent protection. Maximised protection availability shall be provided through extensive self-monitoring, self-test and CT/VT supervision. Internal three-phase VT supervision shall be provided. Flexible programmable scheme logic shall be provided in order to allow the user to customise the protection and control functions, using a graphical interface software. Programming of the device shall be possible using a front panel user interface, local and remote communications ports. The front panel user interface shall provide independent keys for the viewing and acknowledgement of alarms. A comprehensive range of measurement values shall be available for viewing on the user interface and the communication ports.
Time-tagged event, fault and disturbance records shall be stored in non-volatile memory. The internal disturbance recorder shall have a capacity to store 20 records, each record shall store sampled data from 8 analogue and 32 digital channels over a period of 10 seconds.
A complete software package shall be able to provide support for local and remote programming, and extraction of records from the device.
Information Required with Order Relay type Distance Protection Relay
M i C OM P 4 4
Version 3 pole tripping/reclosing, 8 opto inputs, 14 relay outputs, no IRIG-B 1 & 3 pole tripping/reclosing, 16 opto inputs, 21 relay outputs, IRIG-B & Fib re optic converter options
A 0 0 0 0 A
1
1 2
Vx auxiliary rating 24 - 48V dc 48 - 110V dc (30 - 100V ac) 110 - 250V dc (100 - 240V a c)
1 2 3
Hardware options Standard version IRIG-B input (P442 only) Fibre optic converter (IEC 60870-5-103) (P442 only) IRIG-B input & Fibre optic converter (IEC 60870-5-103) (P442 only)
1 2 3 4
Software options Without check synchronising With check synchronising
A B
Protocol options K-Bus Modbus IEC 60870-5-103 (VDEW)
1 2 3 MiCOM
Software type Setting software Options Base version (Settings editor, Monitoring, PSL editor, Menu text editor) Base version + Disturbance Analyser and Archiver Note :
S 1 A0
A
1 2
Our policy is one of continuous product development. The order code for MiCOM S1 may be subject to change.
Accessories
Please quote on order
Rack frame (in accordance with CE I 60297).
FX0021 001
Case to rack sealing gaskets are available to improve the overall IP rating of the panel, (10 per order)
GN2044 001
M4 90° pre-insulated ring terminals: Blue - Wire size 1.04 to 2.63mm 2 (100 per order) Red - Wire Wire size 0.25 to 1.65mm 2 (100 per order)
ZB9124 900 ZB9124 901
Secondary cover:
P441 P442
Blanking plates:
Size 10TE Size 20TE Size 30TE Size 40TE
13
Size 40TE Size 60TE
GN0037 001 GN0038 001 GJ2028 002 GJ2028 004 GJ2028 006 GJ2028 008
Protection Setting Ranges
1000
Distance protection element Setting Setting range Step size Line setting Line Length 0.010 km 0.3 km (0.2 mile) - 1000 km (625 miles) (0.005 m)
Line Impedance 0.001 - 500 Ω 0.001 Ω Line Angle – 90° - + 90° 1° Zone setting Zone Status Bit 0: Z1X Enable, Bit 1: Z2 Enable, Bit 2: Zp Enable, Bit 3: Z3 Enable, Bit 4: Z4 Enable. KZ1 Res Comp 0 - 7 KZ1 Angle –180° - +180° Z1 0.001/ In - 500/ In Ω Z1X 0.001/ In - 500/ In Ω R1G 0 - 400/ In Ω R1Ph 0 - 400/ In Ω tZ1 0 - 10 s KZ2 Res Comp 0 - 7 KZ2 Angle –180° - +180° Z2 0.001/ In - 500/ In Ω R2G 0 - 400/ In Ω R2Ph 0 - 400/ In Ω tZ2 0 - 10 s KZ3/4 Res Comp 0 - 7 KZ3/4 Angle –180° - +180° Z3 0.001/ In - 500/ In Ω R3G - R4G 0 - 400/ In Ω R3Ph - R4Ph 0 - 400/ In Ω tZ3 0 - 10 s Z4 0.001/ In - 500/ In Ω tZ4 0 - 10 s Zone P – Direct. Forward or Reverse KZp Res Comp 0 - 7 KZp Angle –180° - +180° Zp 0.001/ In - 500/ In Ω RpG 0 - 400/ In Ω RpPh 0 - 400/ In Ω tZp 0 - 10 s Fault Locator KZm Mutual Comp 0 - 7 KZm Angle –180° - +180°
0 .0 0 1 0 .1 ° 0.001/ In Ω 0.001/ In Ω 0.01/ In Ω 0.01/ In Ω 0 .0 0 2 s 0 .0 0 1 0 .1 ° 0.001/ In Ω 0.01/ In Ω 0.01/ In Ω 0.01s 0 .0 0 1 0 .1 ° 0.001/ In Ω 0.01/ In Ω 0.01/ In Ω 0.01s 0.001/ In Ω 0.01s 0 .0 0 1 0 .1 ° 0.001/ In Ω 0.01/ In Ω 0.01/ In Ω 0.01s 0 .0 0 1 0 .1 °
Channel-aided schemes Setting Setting range Distance Schemes Program Mode Standard Scheme, open Scheme Standard Mode Basic + Z1X, POP Z1, POP Z2, PUP Z2, PUP Fwd, BOP Z1, BOP Z2.
Fault Type Trip Mode
Phase to Ground, Phase to Phase, Both Enabled. Force 3 Poles, 1 Pole Z1 & Carrier receive, 1 Pole Z1 Z2 & Carrier receive.
100
100 10 ) s ( e m 10 i t g n i t a r e p O
UK LTI IEC SI
1
) s ( e m i t g n i t a r e p O 1
IEEE MI
IEC VI
IEEE VI US CO2
IEC EI
US CO8 IEEE EI 0.1
0.1 1
10
100
1
Current (Multiple of Is)
10
100
Current (Multiple of Is)
IEC/UK curves
IEEE/US curves
TMS = 1
TD = 7
IEC Standard inverse
t = TMS x
t = TMS x
IEC Very inverse
IEC Extremely inverse
t = TMS x
UK Long time inverse
t = TMS x
0.14 I
0.02
Is – 1
13.5 I
t = TD x 7
IEEE Very inverse
t = TD x 7
I
IEEE Extremely inverse
t = TD x 7
I
US CO8 Inverse
t = TD x 7
I
Is –1
80 I
2
Is – 1
120 I
0.0515
IEEE Moderately inverse
Is – 1
US CO2 Short time inverse
t = TD x 7
I
+ 0.114
0.02
–1
Is
19.61
+ 0.491
2
Is –1
28.2 2
+ 0.1217
Is –1
5.95 2
0.02394 I
+ 0.18
Is – 1
0.02
Is
+ 0.01694
–1
Figure Figure 10 - IDMT curves curves
Setting
Setting range
Distance carrier receive
None, Permissive Z1, Permissive Z2, Permissive Forward, Block Z1, Block Z2.
Tp tReversal Guard TOR-SOTF Mode
Step size
0 - 1s 0.002s 0 - 0.15s 0.002s Bit 0: TOR Z1 Enabled, Bit 1: TOR Z2 Enabled, Bit 2: TOR Z3 Enabled, Bit 3: TOR All Zones Enabled, Bit 4: Dist. Scheme Enabled, Bit 5: SOFT All Zones, Bit 6: SOFT Level Detectors. Z1 Ext. /Chan. Fail Disabled or Enabled Weak Infeed Mode Status Disabled, Echo, Trip & Echo. Single Pole Trip Disabled or Enabled V< Thres. 10V - 70V 5V Trip Time Delay 0 - 1s 0.002s
Signal Send Zone None, CsZ1, CsZ2, CsZ4.
14
Setting Setting range Loss of Load Mode Status Disabled or Enabled Chan. Fail Disabled or Enabled I< 0.05 x In - 1 x In Window 0.01s - 0.1s
Step size
0.05 x In 0.01s
Power swing blocking Setting
Setting range
Step size
Delta R Delta X IN> Status IN> (% Imax) Imax line> Status Imax line> I Phase>Status I Phase > Unblock. Delay Blocked Zones
0 - 400/ In Ω 0.01/ In Ω 0 - 400/ In Ω 0.01/ In Ω Disabled or Enabled 10% - 100% 1% Disabled or Enabled 10% - 100% 1% Disabled or Enabled 1 x In - 20 x In 0. 0 1 x I n 0 - 30s 0.1s Bit 0: Z1&Z1X Block, Bit 1: Z2 Block, - Bit 2: Z3 Block, Bit 3: Zp Block.
Overcurrent Protection Setting I>1 Function I>1 Direction I>1 VTS Block I>1 Current Set I>1 Time Delay I>1 Time VTS I>1 TMS I>1 Time Dial I>1 Reset Char I>1 tReset I>2 Function I>2 Direction I>2 VTS Block I>2 Current Set I>2 Time Delay I>2 Time VTS I>2 TMS I>2 Time Dial I>2 Reset Char I>2 tRESET I>3 Status I>3 Current Set I>3 Time Delay I>4 Status I>4 Current Set I>4 Time Delay
Setting range Step size DT or IDMT (see Figure 8) Non-Directional, Forward, Reverse Block or Non directional 0.08 x In - 4.0 x In 0.01 x In 0 - 100s 0.01s 0 - 100s 0.01s 0.025 - 1.2 0.025 0.5 - 15 0.1 DT or Inverse 0 - 100s 0.01s DT or IDMT (see Figure 8) Non-Directional, Forward, Reverse Block or Non directional 0.08 x In - 4.0 x In 0.01 x In 0 - 100s 0.01s 0 - 100s 0.01s 0.025 - 1.2 0.025 0.5 - 15 0.1 DT or Inverse 0 - 100s 0.01s Disabled or Enabled 0.08 x In - 32 x In 0.01 x In 0s - 100s 0.01s Disabled or Enabled 0.08 x In - 32 x In 0.01 x In 0s - 100s 0.01s
Negative sequence overcurrent Setting I2> Status I2> Directional I2> VTS I2> Current Set I2> Time Delay I2> Char Angle
Setting range Step size Disabled, Enabled Non-Directional, Forward, Reverse Block, Non-Directional 0.08In - 4In 0.01In 0s - 100s 0.01s –95°- +95° –1°
Broken conductor detection Setting Broken Conductor I2/ I1 I2/ I1 Time Delay
Setting range Step size Enabled/Disabled 0.2 - 1 0.01 0s - 100s 0.1s
Earth fault protection Setting IN>1 Function IN>1 Direction IN>1 VTS Block IN>1 Current Set IN>1 Time Delay IN>1 Time VTS IN>1 TMS IN>1 Time Dial IN>1 Reset Char IN>1 tRESET IN>2 Status IN>2 Direction
Setting range Step size DT or IDMT (see Figure 8) Non-Directional, Forward, Reverse Block or Non directional 0.08 x In - 4.0 x In 0.01 x In 0 - 200s 0.01s 0 - 200s 0.01s 0.025 - 1.2 0.025 0.5 - 15 0.1 DT or Inverse 0 - 100s 0.01s Disabled or Enabled Non-Directional, Forward, Reverse
Voltage transformer supervision Setting Setting range Step size IN>2 VTS Block Block or Non directional IN>2 Current Set 0.08 x In - 32 x In 0.01 x In 0.01s IN>2 Time Delay 0 - 200s 0 - 200s 0.01s IN>2 Time VTS IN> Directional –95° - +95° +95° 1° IN> Char Angle Polarisation Zero Sequence or Negative Sequence
Setting VTS Time Delay VTS I2> & I0> Inhibit Detect 3P Threshold 3P U< Delta I>
Setting range Step size 1 - 20s 1s 0 - 1 x In 0.01 x In
Enabled or Disabled 10 - 70V 0.01 - 5A
1V 0.01A
Current transformer supervision Channel-aided D.E.F. Setting Aided DEF Status Polarisation V>Voltage set IN Forward> Time Delay Scheme Logic Tripping
Setting range Step size Disabled or Enabled Zero Sequence or Neg. Sequence 0.05 - 20V 0.05V 0.05 x In - 4 x In 0.01 xIn 0 - 10s 0.1s Shared, Blocking or Permissive Three Phase or Single Phase
Voltage Volt age protection Setting V< & V> Mode
Setting range Step size Bit 0: V<1 Trip, Bit 1: V<2 Trip, Bit 2: V>1 Trip, Bit 3: V>2 Trip
Undervoltage Setting Setting range Step size V< Measur’t Mode Phase-Phase or Phase-Neutral
V<1 Function Disabled, DT or IDMT V<1 Voltage Set 10 - 120V 1V V<1 Time Delay 0 - 100s 0.01s V<1 TMS 0.5 - 100 0.5 V<2 Status Enabled or Disabled V<2 Voltage Set 10 - 120V 1V V<2 Time Delay 0 - 100s 0.01s V<2 Poledead Inh Enabled or Disabled Overvoltage V> Meas’t Mode Phase-Phase or Phase-Neutral V>1 Function Disabled, DT or IDMT V>1 Voltage Set 60 - 185V 1V V>1 Time Delay 0 - 100s 0.01s V>1 TMS 0.5 - 100 0.5 V>2 Status Enabled or Disabled V>2 Voltage Set 60 - 185V 1V V>2 Time Delay 0 - 100s 0.01s
Circuit breaker failure Setting Setting range Step size Breaker Fail CB Fail 1 0 - 10s 0.005s CB Fail 2 0 - 10s 0.005s CBF Non I Reset I< Only, CB Open & I<, Prot Reset & I< CBF Ext Reset I< Only, CB Open & I<, Prot Reset & I< Undercurrent I
set
0.05 x In - 3.2 x In 0.01 x In
15
Setting CTS Status CTS VN< Inhibit CTS IN> Set CTS Time Delay
Setting range Enabled or Disabled 0.5 - 22V 0.08 x In - 4 x In 0 - 10s
Step size
0.5 V 0.01 x In 1s
Check synchronisation Setting Setting range Step size C/S Check Bit 0: Live Bus / Dead Line, Scheme for A/R Bit 1: Dead Bus / Live Line, Bit 2: Live Bus / Live Line.
C/S Check Bit 0: Live Bus / Dead Line, Scheme for Man Bit 1: Dead Bus / Live Line, CB Bit 2: Live Bus / Live Line. V< Dead Line V> Live Line V< Dead Bus V> Live Bus Diff Voltage Diff Frequency Diff Phase Bus-Line Delay
5 - 30V 30 - 120V 5 - 30V 30 - 120V 0.5 - 40V 0.02 - 1Hz 5° - 90° 90° 0.1 - 2s
1V 1V 1V 1V 0.1V 0.01Hz 2.5° 0.1s
Autoreclose Setting Setting range Step size 1P Trip Mode 1, 1/3, 1/3/3, 1/3/3/3. 3P Trip Mode 3, 3/3, 3/3/3, 3/3/3/3. 1P Rcl - DT 1 0.1 - 5s 0.01s 3P Rcl - DT 1 0.1 - 60s 0.01s Dead Time 2 1 - 3600s 1s Dead Time 3 1 - 3600s 1s Dead Time 4 1 - 3600s 1s Reclaim Time 1 - 600s 1s Close Pulse 0.1 - 10s 0.01s A/R Inhibit Wind 1 - 3600s 1s Autoreclose Lockout Block A/R Bit 0: At tZ2, Bit 1: At tZ3, Bit 2: At tZp, Bit 3: LoL Trip, Bit 4: I2> Trip,
Bit 5: I>1 Trip, Bit 6: I>2 Trip, Bit 7: V<1 Trip, Bit 8: V<2 Trip, Bit 9: V>1 Trip, Bit 10: V>2 Trip, Bit 11: IN>1 Trip, Bit 12: IN>2 Trip, Bit 13: Aided DEF Trip.
TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION Protection & Control, HQ, 60 Route de Sartrouville, BP58, 78230 Le Le Pecq Cedex, France Tel: +33 (0) 134 80 79 00 Fax: +33 (0) 134 80 79 13 Email:
[email protected] [email protected] stom.com Internet: www.alstom.com www.alstom.com ©2000 ALSTOM. ALSTOM, the ALSTOM logo and any alternative version thereof are trademarks and service marks of ALSTOM. Other names mentioned, registered or not, are the property of their respective companies. Our policy is one of continuous development. Accordingly the design of our products may change at any time. Whilst every effort is made to produce up to date literature, this brochure should only be regarded as a guide and is intended for information purposes only. Its contents do not constitute an offer for sale or advice on the application of any product referred to in it. We cannot be held responsible for any reliance on any decisions taken on its contents without specific advice.
Publication N1 1671C
110020 CPS Printed in England
