Alih vs Castro Digest

Alih vs. Castro CASE DIGEST

151 SCRA 279

June 23, 197

!a"ts# Res$on Res$on%ent %ents s &ho &ere 'e'(ers 'e'(ers o) the *hili$$ine *hili$$ine 'arine 'arine an% %e)ense %e)ense )or"es )or"es rai%e% rai%e% the "o'$oun% o""u$ie% (+ $etitioner in sear"h o) loose )irear's, a''unitions an% e$losives. A shoot-out ensue% a)ter $etitioners resiste% the intrusion (+ the res$on%ents, illin/ a nu'(er  o) 'en. 'en. The )ollo )ollo&in &in/ / 'ornin 'ornin/, /, the the $etit $etition ioners ers &ere &ere arreste arreste% % an% an% su(0e su(0e"t "te% e% to )in/e )in/err   $rintin/ $rintin/,, $ara))in $ara))in testin/ testin/ an% $hoto/ra $hoto/ra$hin $hin/ / %es$ite %es$ite their their o(0e"tio o(0e"tion. n. Several Several in%s in%s o) ri)le, ri)le, /rena%es an% a''unitions &ere also "on)is"ate%. The $etitioners )ile% an in0un"tion in0un"tion suit &ith a $ra+er to have the ite's ille/all+ seie% returne% to the' an% invoe% the $rovisions on the ill o) Ri/hts The res$on%ents a%'itte% that the o$eration &as %one &ithout a &arrant (ut reasone% that the+ &ere a"tin/ un%er su$erior su$erior or%ers or%ers an% that o$eration o$eration &as ne"essar+ ne"essar+ (e"ause (e"ause o) the a//ravation o) the $ea"e an% or%er $ro(le' %ue to the assassination o) the "it+ 'a+or. Issue# 4hether or not the seiin/ o) the ite's an% the tain/ o) the )in/er$rints an% $hoto/ra$hs o)  the $etitioners an% su(0e"tin/ the' to $ara))in testin/ are violative o) the (ill o) Ri/hts an% are ina%'issi(le as evi%en"e a/ainst the'. el%# The "ourt hel% that that su$erior su$erior or%ers nor the sus$i"ion sus$i"ion that the res$on%e res$on%ents nts ha% a/ainst a/ainst $etit $etition ioners ers %i% not not e"u e"use se the )or'er )or'er )ro' )ro' o(ser o(servin vin/ / the the /uara /uarant nt+ + $rovi $rovi%e %e% % )or )or (+ the "onstitution a/ainst unreasona(le sear"hes an% seiure. The $etitioners &ere entitle% to %ue $ro"ess an% shoul% (e $rote"te% )ro' the ar(itrar+ a"tions o) those tase% to ee"ute the la&. !urther'ore, there &as no sho&in/ that the o$eration &as ur/ent nor &as there an+ sho&in/ o) the $etitioners as "ri'inals or )u/itives o) 0usti"e to 'erit a$$roval (+ virtue o)  Rule 113, Se"tion 5 o) the Rules o) Court. The ite's seie%, havin/ (een the 6)ruits o) the $oisonous tree &ere hel% ina%'issi(le as evi%en"e in an+ $ro"ee%in/s a/ainst the $etitioners. The o$eration (+ the res$on%ents &as %one %one &itho &ithout ut a &arran &arrantt an% so the ite's seie% seie% %urin/ %urin/ sai% o$era o$eratio tion n shoul% shoul% not (e a"no&le%/e% in "ourt as evi%en"e. ut sai% evi%en"e shoul% re'ain in the "usto%+ o) the la& 8"usto%ia e/is. o&ever, as to the issue on )in/er-$rintin/, $hoto/ra$hin/ an% $ara))in-testin/ as violative o)  the $rovision $rovision a/ainst sel)-in"r sel)-in"ri'ina i'ination tion,, the "ourt "ourt hel% that that the $rohi(iti $rohi(ition on a/ainst a/ainst sel)in"ri'ination a$$lies to testi'onial "o'$ulsion onl+. As Justi"e ol'es $ut it in olt v. :nite% States, 1 6The $rohi(ition o) "o'$ellin/ a 'an in a "ri'inal "ourt to (e a &itness a/ainst hi'sel) is a $rohi(ition o) the use o) $h+si"al or 'oral "o'$ulsion to etort "o''uni"ations )ro' hi', not an e"lusion o) his (o%+ as evi%en"e &hen it 'a+ (e 'aterial.