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SHAFT ALIGNMENT BASICS
Basic on alignment
Natural Gas Engineering
Deskripsi lengkap
My write up on how to do shaft alignment and the various methods for alignment checks. Notes from ABS handbook.
1.0 LTD CHECK CALCS
Manual
Shaft Alignment
HIGHWAY ALIGNMENT PROJECT
Reverse Indicators method (solved Example): Draw a simple diagram in you alignment sheet to show how the dial indicators are fixed, distances of inner and outer boards (IB, OB). Plane A is the position of indicator tip at adjustable machine while plane S is at stationary machine.
Stationary and Adjustable machines
Dial indicator readings: To ensure perfect alignment, dial readings must be carefully recorded. Write down Rim readings for Adjustable (i.e motor) and Stationary (i.e pump) machines. Adjustable Machine Plane (A)
Stationary Machine Plane (S)
Applying Validity Rule: Applying validity rule is very important to check your readings, errors in readings will effect the results of your alignment calculations. Top reading + bottom reading (must equal to) Left reading + Right reading The allowable difference should not exceed 0.001″ 1
Rim readings check for Adjustable Machine: Rim readings check for Stationary Machine: T+P= (+5) + 0 = +0.005 T+P= 0 + (-0.019) = - 0.019 L+R= (-0.005) + 0.011 = +0.006 L+R= -0.006 + (- 0.012) = -0.018
Calculations to be done: In these calculations you will cancel the amount of indicator bar sag and zero the (Top and Left) readings at S plane, and (Bottom and Left) readings at A plane. Adjustable Machine Plane (A)
Stationary Machine Plane (S)
Net results after all Calculations: Write down the net results after all calculations as following: Adjustable Machine Plane (A)
Stationary Machine Plane (S)
Data Analysis: Logically analyze the above results as following: Vertical Analysis Horizontal Analysis
Adjustable Machine is Lower by 2 The Face Gap is 4 wider at Top Adjustable Machine is 10.5 to Left The Face Gap is 16 wider at Left
Vertical solution: Draw the graph of vertical solution based on the data analysis: 2
Note: Drawing is NOT to scale
CALCULATIONS FOR (VERTICAL): Mathematically find the values of X and Y: (X / 10) = (0.008 + 0.001) / 6 X = 0.015 IB = 0.015 + 0.001 = 0.016" (Y / 30) = (0.008 + 0.001) / 6 Y = 0.045 OB = 0.045 + 0.001 = 0.046" Actions to be taken for vertical: Lower IB 0.016" (Remove 0.016" of shims from the IB foots of the adjustable machine). Lower OB 0.046" (Remove 0.016" of shims from the OB foots of the adjustable machine).
Horizontal solution: Draw the graph of horizontal solution based on the data analysis:
3
Note: Drawing is NOT to scale
CALCULATIONS FOR (HORIZONTAL): Mathematically find the values of X and Y: (X / 10) = (0.008 - 0.003) / 6 X = 0.008 IB = 0.008 + 0.008 = 0.016" (Y / 30) = (0.008 - 0.003) / 6 Y = 0.025 OB = 0.025 + 0.008 = 0.033" Actions to be taken for vertical: PUSH IB 0.016˝ TOWARDS LEFT. PUSH OB 0.033˝ TOWARDS LEFT.
Two Indicators method (solved Example): Draw a simple diagram in you alignment sheet to show how the dial indicators are fixed, distances of inner and outer boards (IB, OB). Plane A is the position of indicator tip at adjustable machine while plane S is at stationary machine.
4
Stationary and Adjustable machines
Dial indicator readings: To ensure perfect alignment, dial readings must be carefully recorded. Write down Rim readings for Adjustable (i.e motor) and Stationary (i.e pump) machines. Dial indicator readings
Applying Validity Rule: Applying validity rule is very important to check your readings, errors in readings will effect the results of your alignment calculations Top reading + bottom reading (must equal to)Left reading + Right reading The allowable difference should not exceed 0.001″ Rim readings check: Face readings check: T+P= 0 + (-7) = -7 T+P= 0 + 4 = +4 L+R= (-14) + 7 = -7 L+R= +10 + (-6) = +4
Calculations to be done: In these calculations you will cancel the amount of indicator bar sag and zero the (Top and Right) readings, then write down the net results after all calculations as following: 5
Calculations to be done:
Net results after all calculations:
Data Analysis Example Logically analyze the above results as following: Vertical Analysis Horizontal Analysis
Adjustable Machine is Lower by 2 The Face Gap is 4 wider at Top Adjustable Machine is 10.5 to Left The Face Gap is 16 wider at Left
Vertical solution Draw the graph of vertical solution based on the data analysis:
Note: Drawing is NOT to scale
CALCULATIONS FOR (VERTICAL):Mathematically find the values of X and Y: 6
(X / 10) = (0.004 / 4) X = 0.010 IB = 0.010 + 0.002 = 0.012" (Y / (10+30)) = (0.004 / 4) Y = 0.040 OB = 0.040 + 0.002 = 0.042" Actions to be taken for vertical: Add IB 0.012" (Add 0.012" of shims from the IB foots of the adjustable machine). Add OB 0.042" (Add 0.012" of shims from the OB foots of the adjustable machine).
Horizontal solution Draw the graph of horizontal solution based on the data analysis:
Note: Drawing is NOT to scale
CALCULATIONS FOR (HORIZONTAL): Mathematically find the values of X and Y: (X / 10) = (0.016 / 4) X = 0.040 IB = 0.040 + 0.0105 = 0.0295" (Y / (10+30)) = (0.016 / 4) Y = 0.16 OB = 0.16 + 0.0105 = 0.1495 Actions to be taken for vertical: PUSH IB 0.0295˝ TOWARDS LEFT. PUSH OB 0.1495˝ TOWARDS LEFT. 7
Three Indicators method (solved Example): Draw a simple diagram in you alignment sheet to show how the dial indicators are fixed, and the distances of inner and outer boards (IB, OB).
Stationary and Adjustable machines
Dial indicator readings: To ensure perfect alignment dial readings must be carefully recorded. Write down Rim and Face readings. Face reading taken by two indicators in one time. Zero both indicators at Top and Bottom, then turn them half rotation and record both readings to Top and Bottom of the circle. Remember (two indicators on face will terminate the error may occur from the axial movement of the shaft.
Dial indicator readings
Calculations to be done: In these calculations you will cancel the amount of indicator bar sag and zero the (Top and Right) readings, then write down the net results after all calculations as following: 8
Calculations to be done
Net results for all calculations
To get the net results for all calculations you have to Zeros Top and Right sides as following: Net Reading at Bottom = (B-T)/2 = (+0.004 - (-0.010))/2 = +0.007 Net Reading at Left = (L-R)/2 = (-0.008 - (+0.010))/2 = - 0.009
Data Analysis: Logically analyze the above results as following: Vertical Analysis Horizontal Analysis
Adjustable Machine is Lower by 0.004 The Face Gap is 0.007 wider at Top Adjustable Machine is 0.01 to Right The Face Gap is 0.009 wider at Left
Vertical solution: Draw the graph of vertical solution based on the data analysis:
9
Note: Drawing is NOT to scale
CALCULATIONS FOR (VERTICAL): Mathematically find the values of X and Y: (X / 15) = (0.007 / 4) X = 0.0263 IB = 0.0263 + 0.004 = 0.030˝ (Y / (15+40)) = (0.007 / 4) Y = 0.0963 OB = 0.0963 + 0.004 = 0.100˝ Actions to be taken for vertical: Add IB 0.030" (Add 0.016" of shims at the IB foots of the adjustable machine). Add OB 0.100" (Add 0.016" of shims at the OB foots of the adjustable machine).
Horizontal solution: Draw the graph of horizontal solution based on the data analysis:
Note: Drawing is NOT to scale
CALCULATIONS FOR (HORIZONTAL): Mathematically find the values of X and Y: (X / 15) = (0.009 / 4) X = 0.0338 IB = 0.0338 + 0.010 = 0.0438˝ 10
(Y / (15+40)) = (0.009 / 4) Y = 0.1237 OB = 0.1237 + 0.010 = 0.1337˝ Actions to be taken for Horizontal: Push IB 0.0438" (Push the amount of 0.0438" at the IB foots of the adjustable machine towards left).
Push OB 0.1337" (Push the amount of 0.1337" at the OB foots of the adjustable machine towards left).
