AIOU SOLVED ASSIGNMENT 1 CODE 8601 AUTUMN 2016 QUESTION # 1 Q:- 1 GIVE ANSWER TO THE FOLLOWING SHORT QUESTIONS: (5X!20" (I):- DEFINE TEACHING IN MORE EFFECTIVE TERMS. Answer:The term “teah!n" e##et!$eness% ha& !ts he'&a' !n the s an& ear*' +s &,r!n" that er!& when s m,h wr/ n st,&ent rat!n"s was 0e!n" &ne. Its nnet!n t e$a*,at!n at!$!t!es rema!ns an& e$en en&-#-,rse rat!n"s are #ten th,"ht # as meas,res # teah!n" e##et!$eness. G!$en !ts nt!n,!n" !mrtane1 !mrtane1 !t !s a term we sh,*& re",*ar*' re$!s!t. De#!n!t!ns #r teah!n" e##et!$eness e##et!$eness a0,n&1 wh!h ma/es !t &!##!,*t t !&ent!#' an' ne as &e#!n!t!$e. 2e3$e &e#!ne& !t 0' as/!n" thse nerne& (teahers1 st,&ents1 an& a&m!n!stratrs) what the term means t them. Here are sme e4am*es # hw we3$e as/e& an& what3s 0een answere&. 2hen as/e& t *!st !n r&er # !mrtane the three mst !mrtant a0!*!t!es1 st,&ents1 teahers1 an& a&m!n!stratrs a"ree& n the same three 5 ,*t!$ate th!n/!n" s/!**s1 st!m,*ate !nterest !n the s,06et1 an& mt!$ate st,&ents t *earn 5 0,t nt !n the same r&er. In anther st,&'1 researhers mare& the wr&s an& hrases st,&ents ,se& t &esr!0e e##et!$e an& !ne##et!$e teahers. The t three wr&s ,se& t harater!7e teahers w!th the h!"hest rat!n"s were: !nterest!n"1 araha0*e1 an& *ar!t'. The &e#!n!t!n e4trate& #rm &esr!t!ns # teahers nm!nate& #r teah!n" awar&s ,se& these wr&s: araha0*e1 resents mater!a* we**1 ma/es s,06et !nterest!n"1 he*#,*1 an& /nw*e&"ea0*e. In 8+1 9enneth Fe*&man &!& a meta-ana*'s!s # 8 st,&!es !n wh!h teahers an& st,&ents !&ent!#!e& harater!st!s the' ass!ate& w!th "& teah!n" an& e##et!$e !nstr,t!n. He #,n& that st,&ents emhas!7e& the !mrtane # teahers 0e!n" !nterest!n"1 ha$!n" "& e*,t!nar' s/!**s1 0e!n" a$a!*a0*e1 an& he*#,*. Fa,*t' *ae& mre !mrtane n 0e!n" !nte**et,a**' ha**en"!n"1 mt!$at!n" st,&ents1 sett!n" h!"h stan&ar&s1 an& en,ra"!n" se*#-!n!t!ate& *earn!n". ART 2 QUESTION # 1 AIOU SOLVED ASSIGNMENT 1 CODE 8601 AUTUMN 2016 (II) 2HAT IS COND;CIVE
h's!a* >h's!a* an& s!*"'-,*t,r s!*"'-,*t,ra* a* en$!rnments en$!rnments a##et a##et st,&ents3 *earn!n" #r 0etter r r wrse. It !s !n the han&s # an e##et!$e teaher t t,rn en$!rnmenta* &!sa&$anta"es !nt a&$anta"es. Hwe$er a&$erse the h's!a*1 s!a* an& ,*t,ra* en$!rnment ma' 0e1 teahers an ma/e a s,0stant!a* &!##erene !n reat!n" a n&,!$e *earn!n" en$!rnment !n the *assrm #r a** h!*&ren. E$er' sh* an& *assrm en$!rnment ns!sts # tw asets ? h's!a* an& s!-,*t,ra*. O#ten nt e@,!e& w!th a&e@,ate h's!a* en$!rnment1 sh*s !n the ,ntr'1 e4et ma' 0e thse rrate sh*s tar"et!n" the s,er-r!h1 #!n& themse*$es !n the *,rh when teahers a*s #a!* !n reat!n" a n&,!$e atmshere #r *earn!n" !n *assrms. 2h!*e teahers annt e4er!se an' ntr* $er erta!n asets # the h's!a* en$!rnment # a *assrm1 there are am*e harater!st!s harater! st!s that !mat the *earn!n" *!mate1 wh!h the' an ntr* an& reate. ACCESSII
teaher ,n&erstan&s rer*' the s!*!n",!st!s # h!sher st,&ents1 she w!** nt 0e a0*e t assess wh' a st,&ent resn&s r reats !n a art!,*ar wa'. S;>>ORTIVE AMIENCE:- N,mer,s researh st,&!es s,sta!n the #at that an a##et!nate1 ar!n" an& emathet! arah #rm teahers !me*s the st,&ents t 0e ser!,s a0,t the!r *essns1 erate wh*ehearte&*' w!th the!r mentrs !n am*!sh!n" the tar"ets an& wr/ har& !n ah!e$!n" e4etat!ns. ACCE>TANCE AND TOS:- Anther #eat,re # a n&,!$e *assrm en$!rnment !s rat!$e an& en,ra"!n" s!a* re*at!nsh!. St,&ents sh,*& 0e a0*e t wr/ w!th thers !n "r, t m*ete tas/s1 en"a"e w!th thers !n r6et wr/s an& "et a*n" w!th e$er'ne e*se !n an eas' manner enhan!n" an& n,r!sh!n" the *earn!n" e4er!ene # e$er' ther st,&ent. AUTUMN 2016 AIOU SOLVED ASSIGNMENT 1 CODE 8601 ART # $ QUESTION 1 (III) 2RITE DO2N THE FIVE MERITS OF rer are !s ta/en n ta/e !nt ns!&erat!n1 the *e$e* an& re$!,s /nw*e&"e # st,&ents. . The teah!n" matter !s r"an!7e& !n a t!me-#rame. . It !ns!res the teaher t as/ rer an& !mrtant @,est!ns. . It r$!&es ",!&ane t the teaher as t what an& hme he sh,*& teah. . It he*s !n reat!n" the !nterest # st,&ents twar&s the *essn. +. It st!m,*ates the teaher t th!n/ !n an r"an!7e& manner. 8. It he*s the teaher t ,n&erstan& t 06et!$es rer*'. CODE 8601 AIOU SOLVED ASSIGNMENT 1 AUTUMN 2016 ART QUESTION 1 (IV) DIFFERENTIATE ET2EEN IND;CTIVE AND DED;CTIVE REASONING. Answer: De&,t!$e reasn!n" De&,t!$e reasn!n" !s a 0as! #rm # $a*!& reasn!n". De&,t!$e reasn!n"1 r &e&,t!n1 starts ,t w!th a "enera* statement1 r h'thes!s1 an& e4am!nes the ss!0!*!t!es t reah a se!#!1 *"!a* n*,s!n1 ar&!n" t the ;n!$ers!t' # Ca*!#rn!a. The s!ent!#! meth& ,ses &e&,t!n t test h'theses an& ther!es. “In &e&,t!$e !n#erene1 we h*& a ther' an& 0ase& n !t we ma/e a re&!t!n # !ts nse@,enes. That !s1 we re&!t what the 0ser$at!ns sh,*& 0e !# the ther' were rret. 2e " #rm the "enera* 5 the ther' 5 t the se!#! 5 the 0ser$at!ns1% sa!& Dr. S'*$!a 2asserthe!*-Sm**er1 a researher an& r#essr emer!ta at A*0ert E!nste!n C**e"e # Me&!!ne. In &e&,t!$e reasn!n"1 !# smeth!n" !s tr,e # a *ass # th!n"s !n "enera*1 !t !s a*s tr,e #r a** mem0ers # that *ass. Fr e4am*e1 “A** men are mrta*. Har*& !s a man. There#re1 Har*& !s mrta*.% Fr &e&,t!$e reasn!n" t 0e s,n&1 the h'thes!s m,st 0e rret. It !s ass,me& that the rem!ses1 “A** men are mrta*% an& “Har*& !s a man% are tr,e. There#re1 the n*,s!n !s *"!a* an& tr,e. IND;CTIVE REASONING:- In&,t!$e reasn!n" !s the s!te # &e&,t!$e reasn!n". In&,t!$e reasn!n" ma/es 0ra& "enera*!7at!ns #rm se!#! 0ser$at!ns. “In !n&,t!$e !n#erene1 we " #rm the se!#! t the "enera*. 2e ma/e man' 0ser$at!ns1 &!sern a attern1 ma/e a "enera*!7at!n1 an& !n#er an e4*anat!n r a ther'1% 2asserthe!*-Sm**er t*&
0a*&.% The n*,s!n &es nt #**w *"!a**' #rm the statements. In&,t!$e reasn!n" has !ts *ae !n the s!ent!#! meth&. S!ent!sts ,se !t t #rm h'theses an& ther!es. De&,t!$e reasn!n" a**ws them t a*' the ther!es t se!#! s!t,at!ns. (V) EN
Answer: 8) The at!$!t' 0ase& !nstr,t!n meth& re@,!res *n"-term *ann!n" w!th m!n,te &eta!*s # the wh*e ress 0ea,se 0e#re en"a"!n" the *earners1 the teaher has t ma/e s,re that a** st,&ents ha$e s,##!!ent /nw*e&"e an& s/!**s re"ar&!n" the tas/ the' are "!n" t er#rm. S th!s meth& an nt 0e ,se& n a re",*ar an& &a!*' 0as!s as !t !n$*$es a *en"th' re&,re. ) The 06et!$es # the meth& an n*' 0e #,*#!**e& !# the *ann!n" # the *essn !s #*aw*ess. I# there !s s*!"htest #*aw !n the *ann!n"1 th!s meth& w,*& & mre harm than "&. ) *ann!n": A *essn *an !s a teaher3s &eta!*e& &esr!t!n # the ,rse # !nstr,t!n1 r J*earn!n" tra6etr'3 #r a *essn. A &a!*' *essn *an !s &e$e*e& 0' a teaher t ",!&e *ass *earn!n". Deta!*s w!** $ar' &een&!n" n the re#erene # the teaher1 s,06et 0e!n" $ere&1 an& the nee&s # the st,&ents. There ma' 0e re@,!rements man&ate& 0' the sh* s'stem re"ar&!n" the *an. A *essn *an !s the teaher3s ",!&e #r r,nn!n" a art!,*ar *essn1 an& !t !n*,&es the "a* (what the st,&ents are s,se& t *earn)1 hw the "a* w!** 0e reahe& (the meth&1 re&,re) an& a wa' # meas,r!n" hw we** the "a* was reahe& (test1 wr/sheet1 hmewr/ et.). C*ease nte that &,r!n" her *!#et!me1 Dr. H,nter was emhat! that !t was ne$er the !ntent!n that her m&e* sh,*& 0e ,se& as a teaher e$a*,at!n t*. In&ee&1 as a seasne& e&,atr I am s,re H,nter was aware that there are man' "reat m&e*s # teah!n" ther than her wn1 an& that teah!n" !s 0th an art an& a s!ene an& there#re annt 0e re*e"ate& t a s!m*e #rm,*a! ste he/*!st. >r!n!a* H,nter &e$e*e& her m&e* ,s!n" the s!ene an& /nw*e&"e # her t!me. I w,*& *ass!#' th!s m&e* as a stan&ar& 0eha$!ra* tehn!@,e # &!ret !nstr,t!n1 an& m&!#!e& erant n&!t!n!n"1 *,s !t has 6,st the 0e"!nn!n"s # !n#rmat!n ress!n" #r rea**. H,nter /new that the h,man 0ra!n *a's &wn athwa's as !t *earns. She wante& t ass,re that teahers "a$e *earners *!tt*e r n rt,n!t' t “"et !t wrn"% r *a' &wn a ne,ra* athwa's that were !nrret. Ma&e*!ne H,nter &!& th!s 0ea,se the researh at the t!me !n&!ate& that re*earn!n" mater!a*s r s/!**s t/ m,h mre t!me than *earn!n" !t r!"ht the #!rst t!me.
remem0er the new *at!ns # mmn 06ets !n the!r new *aes. THE >ROS AND CONS:The H,nter M&e* has a n,m0er # a&$anta"es1 an& an e@,a* n,m0er # &!sa&$anta"es. Fr !nstane1 !t !s a "reat &r!** an& rat!e m&e*. The m&e* !s an e4e**ent ne #r ntent r resses that 0ene#!t #rm *ts # reet!t!n. In that re"ar& !t !s mre rea&!*' s,!te& #r *essns wh!h emhas!7e the *wer t!er # *m3s re$!se& ta4nm' 5 remem0er!n" (/nw*e&"e)1 ,n&erstan&!n" (mrehens!n)1 an& a*'!n" (a*!at!n). Hwe$er1 w!th,t ns!&era0*e th,"ht1 re$!s!n1 an& art#,* man!,*at!n1 the m&e*3s reet!t!$e str,t,re !t !s nt arr!ate #r en-en&e& *earn!n" e4er!enes1 &!s$er' *earn!n" sess!ns1 r e4*ratr' e&,at!na* e4er!enes1 ese!a**' nes re@,!r!n" &!$er"ent th!n/!n" s/!**s1 reat!$e r0*em s*$!n"1 r h!"her *e$e* th!n/!n" s/!**s. T1 th!s m&e* !s nt art!,*ar*' we** s,!te& #r ,se w!th "!#te& st,&ents. Th!s ,*at!n 0emes eas!*' 0re& w!th reet!t!,s a*!at!ns an& stes1 ese!a**' !# the' are nt $er' ha**en"!n". G!#te& st,&ents ma' a*s resent t!"ht*'1 teaher-ntr**e& *earn!n" sett!n"s where *earn!n" atterns are rea&!*' aarent #rm the $er' 0e"!nn!n". Instr,trs attemt!n" t met the *earn!n" nee&s # "!#te&reat!$e *earners ma' w!sh t e4*re ne # the man' m&e*s 0etter s,!te& t th!s ,*at!n 5 see M&e*s # teah!n" #r a&&!t!na* s,""est!ns. THE CS:- 2!th!n the ma!n rt!ns # the m&e* 5 "ett!n" st,&ents rea&' t *earn1 !nstr,t!n an& he/!n" #r ,n&erstan&!n"1 an& !n&een&ent rat!e 5 there are 0as!a**' stes an& these are *!ste& 0e*w. The stes !n the 0e"!nn!n" an& en&!n" rt!ns an 0e $ar!e& an& han"e& !n se@,ene1 the rt!n !n the m!&&*e sh,*& nt 0e han"e&. Or&er!n" the 0e"!nn!n" rt!ns rea**' &een&s n what ', are &!n" as an ant!!atr' set as t whether ', state ',r 06et!$es an& stan&ar&s #!rst1 r !# ', start ,t w!th the ant!!atr' set an& then ma/e a statement # 06et!$es an& stan&ar&s. Sme $ar!at!ns !n*,&e a re$!ew as the #!rst ste r as smeth!n" !nrrate& !nt the ant!!atr' set. ,t ,sers an a*s re$!ew1 state 06et!$es1 an& then ha$e an ant!!atr' set as searate rt!ns !n the “"ett!n" st,&ents rea&'% rt!n. The en&!n" se"ment # the *essn a*s an 0e a*tere& an& &een&!n" n hw ntr**!n" the !nstr,tr wants t 0e. Sme #*/s 0e*!e$e that !n&een&ent rat!e rt!n sh,*& 0e are#,**' mn!tre& an& then #**we& , w!th a *s,re at!$!t' r s,mmar'. Other e&,atrs *!/e t ##er *s,re #r the #rma* *essn w!th an at!$!t' r en&!n" &!s,ss!n an& then "!$e !n&een&ent rat!e as seat wr/ r as hmewr/. HERE ARE THE DIFFERENT STE>S:GETTING ST;DENTS SET TO *ease nte that "!$!n" &!ret!ns ma' 0e art # the re&,ra* &!a*" # a *essn1 0,t !n an& # themse*$es &!ret!ns are NOT an Ant!!atr' Set KKKKK The /e' wr& here !s “ant!!atr'% an& that means &!n" smeth!n" that reates a sense # ant!!at!n an& e4etan' !n the st,&ents 5 an at!$!t'1 a "ame1 a #,se& &!s,ss!n1 $!ew!n" a #!*m r $!&e *!1 a #!e*& tr!1 r re#*et!$e e4er!se1 et.). Th!s ste reares the *earner t ree!$e !nstr,t!n m,h *!/e erant n&!t!n!n". D!ret !nstr,t!n an& he/!n" #r ,n&erstan&!n" 5 Th!s art !n$*$es @,!/*' assess!n" whether st,&ents ,n&erstan& what has 6,st 0een &emnstrate& r resente&. ) In,t M&e*!n"M&e*e& >rat!e 5 Ma/!n" s,re st,&ents "et !t r!"ht the #!rst t!me &een&s n the /nw*e&"e1 r resses t 0e shwn r &emnstrate& 0' an e4ert1 r 0' smene wh has mastere& what !s t 0e &emnstrate& r shwn. In a&&!t!n t the !nstr,tr1 reare& st,&ents an erta!n*' m&e* the #,se& s/!**1 ress r net #r eers. Instr,trs ,*& a*s ,se a $!&e #r th!s rt!n. ) Che/!n" ;n&erstan&!n" 5 Teahers wath st,&ents3 0&' *an",a"e1 as/ @,est!ns1 0ser$e resnses an& !nterat!ns !n r&er t &eterm!n!n" whether r nt st,&ents are ma/!n" sense # the mater!a* as !t !s 0e!n" resente&. Th!s rt!n ta/es *ae as !nstr,t!n !s 0e!n" "!$en. Th!s !s a wh*e *ass e4er!se1 ne !n wh!h the !nstr,tr are#,**' mn!trs the at!ns # the *earners t ma/e s,re the' are &,*!at!n" the s/!**1 ress1 re&,re1 r e4er!se rret*'. ) G,!&e& >rat!e5Ta/es *ae a#ter !nstr,t!n has 0een m&e*e& an& then he/e& #r
,n&erstan&!n" t ma/e s,re st,&ents ha$e !t r!"htK The @,est!n here !s an the' re*!ate what ', want them t & rret*'= St,&ents are "!$en the rt,n!t' t a*' r rat!e what the' ha$e 6,st *earne& an& ree!$e !mme&!ate #ee&0a/ at !n&!$!&,a* *e$e*s. In&een&ent rat!e5These *ast tw mnents an 0e !nterhan"e&. ) In&een&ent >rat!e 5 A#ter st,&ents aear t ,n&erstan& the new mater!a* the' are "!$en the rt,n!t' t #,rther a*' r rat!e ,s!n" the new !n#rmat!n. Th!s ma' ,r !n *ass r as hmewr/1 0,t there sh,*& 0e a shrt er!& # t!me 0etween !nstr,t!n an& rat!e an& 0etween rat!e an& #ee&0a/. Essent!a**' the' are &!n" a *earn!n" tas/ 0' themse*$es. ) C*s,re 5 r!n"!n" !t a** t a *se 5 ne mre t!me. 2hat &!& the' am*!sh= 2hat &!& the' *earn= G $er !t a"a!n. As ', an see th!s m&e* !s h!"h*' reet!t!$e 5 !t !s rea**' a &r!** m&e* an& as I !n&!ate& ear*!er nt n&,!$e t s,rt a n,m0er # h!"h *e$e* th!n/!n" r #ee*!n" #,nt!ns w!th,t sme ser!,s a*terat!n r m&!#!at!ns.
Q. 3 DEFINE AND CLARIFY THE CONCEPT OF MOTIVATION. DESCRIBE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN INTRINSIC AND EXTRINSIC MOTIVATION. (20) Answer: MOTIVATION: Mt!$at!n !s a theret!a* nstr,t ,se& t e4*a!n 0eha$!r. It "!$es the reasns #r e *e3s at!ns1 &es!res1 an& nee&s. Mt!$at!n an a*s 0e &e#!ne& as ne3s &!ret!n t 0eha$!r1 r what a,ses a ersn t want t reeat a 0eha$!r an& $!e $ersa. A mt!$e !s what rmts the ersn t at !n a erta!n wa'1 r at *east &e$e* an !n*!nat!n #r se!#! 0eha$!r. Ar&!n" t Maehr an& Me'er1 “Mt!$at!n !s a wr& that !s art # th e ,*ar ,*t,re as #ew ther s'h*"!a* nets are.% ELTRINSIC MOTIVATION:- E4tr!ns! mt!$at!n ,rs when we are mt!$ate& t er#rm a 0eha$!r r en"a"e !n an at!$!t' t earn a rewar& r a$!& ,n!shment. E4am*es # 0eha$!rs that are the res,*t # e4tr!ns! mt!$at!n !n*,&e: St,&'!n" 0ea,se ', want t "et a "& "ra&e C*ean!n" ',r rm t a$!& 0e!n" rer!man&e& 0' ',r arents >art!!at!n" !n a srt t w!n awar&s met!n" !n a ntest t w!n a sh*arsh! In eah # these e4am*es1 the 0eha$!r !s mt!$ate& 0' a &es!re t "a!n a rewar& r a$!& an a&$erse ,tme. INTRINSIC MOTIVATION:Intr!ns! mt!$at!n !n$*$es en"a"!n" !n a 0eha$!r 0ea,se !t !s ersna**' rewar&!n" essent!a**'1 er#rm!n" an at!$!t' #r !ts wn sa/e rather than the &es!re #r sme e4terna* rewar&. E4am*es # at!ns that are the res,*t # !ntr!ns! mt!$at!n !n*,&e: >art!!at!n" !n a srt 0ea,se ', #!n& the at!$!t' en6'a0*e S*$!n" a wr& ,77*e 0ea,se ', #!n& the ha**en"e #,n an& e4!t!n" >*a'!n" a "ame 0ea,se ', #!n& !t e4!t!n" In eah # these !nstanes1 the ersn3s 0eha$!r !s mt!$ate& 0' an !nterna* &es!re t art!!ate !n an at!$!t' #r !ts wn sa/e. CODE 8601 AIO SOLVED ASSI!NMENT 1 B.ED ATMN 2016 ELTRINSIC VS. INTRINSIC MOTIVATION: 2h!h Is est= S1 the r!mar' &!##erene 0etween the tw t'es # mt!$at!n !s that e4tr!ns! mt!$at!n ar!ses #rm ,ts!&e # the !n&!$!&,a* wh!*e !ntr!ns! mt!$at!n ar!ses #rm w!th!n. Researhers ha$e a*s #,n& that the tw t'e # mt!$at!n an &!##er !n hw e##et!$e the' are at &r!$!n" 0eha$!r. Sme st,&!es ha$e &emnstrate& that ##er!n" e4ess!$e e4terna* rewar&s #r an a*rea&' !nterna**' rewar&!n" 0eha$!r an *ea& t a re&,t!n !n !ntr!ns! mt!$at!n1 a henmenn /nwn as the $er 6,st!#!at!n e##et. In ne st,&'1 #r e4am*e1 h!*&ren wh were rewar&e& #r *a'!n" w!th a t' the' ha& a*rea&' e4resse& !nterest !n *a'!n" w!th 0eame *ess !ntereste& !n the !tem a#ter 0e!n" e4terna**' rewar&e&. E4tr!ns! mt!$at!n an 0e 0ene#!!a* !n sme s!t,at!ns1 hwe$er: E4terna* rewar&s an !n&,e !nterest an& art!!at!n !n smeth!n" !n wh!h the !n&!$!&,a* ha& n !n!t!a* !nterest. E4tr!ns! rewar&s an 0e ,se& t mt!$ate e*e t a@,!re new s/!**s r /nw*e&"e. One these ear*' s/!**s ha$e 0een *earne&1 e*e ma' then 0eme mre !ntr!ns!a**' mt!$ate& t ,rs,e the at!$!t'.
E4terna* rewar&s an a*s 0e a s,re # #ee&0a/1 a**w!n" e*e t /nw when the!r er#rmane has ah!e$e& a stan&ar& &eser$!n" # re!n#rement. E4tr!ns! mt!$atrs sh,*& 0e a$!&e& !n s!t,at!ns where: The !n&!$!&,a* a*rea&' #!n&s the at!$!t' !ntr!ns!a**' rewar&!n" O##er!n" a rewar& m!"ht ma/e a “*a'% at!$!t' seem mre *!/e “wr/% 2h!*e mst e*e w,*& s,""est that !ntr!ns! mt!$at!n !s 0est1 !t !s nt a*wa's ss!0*e !n e$er' s !t,at!n. In sme ases1 e*e s!m*' ha$e n !nterna* &es!re t en"a"e !n an at!$!t'. E4ess!$e rewar&s ma' 0e r0*emat!1 0,t when ,se& arr!ate*'1 e4tr!ns! mt!$atrs an 0e a ,se#,* t *. Fr e4am*e1 e4tr!ns! mt!$at!n an 0e ,se& t "et e*e t m*ete a wr/ tas/ r sh* ass!"nment !n wh!h the' ha$e n !nterna* !nterest. Researhers ha$e arr!$e& at three r!mar' n*,s!ns w!th re"ar&s t e4tr!ns! rewar&s an& the!r !n#*,ene n !ntr!ns! mt!$at!n: 8. ;NEL>ECTED ELTERNA< RE2ARDS TB>ICA<RAISE CAN HE<> INCREASE INTERNA< MOTIVATION:- Researhers ha$e #,n& that ##er!n" s!t!$e ra!se an& #ee&0a/ when e*e & smeth!n" 0etter !n mar!sn t thers an !mr$e !ntr!ns! mt!$at!n. . INTRINSIC MOTIVATION 2I<< DECREASE1 HO2EVER1 2HEN ELTERNA< RE2ARDS ARE GIVEN FOR COM>ARTIC;>ROACH. 2HAT IS MEANT B IND;CTIVE REASONING=() Answer:IN;IRB A>>ROACH:- In@,!r'-0ase& *earn!n" (a*s en@,!r'-0ase& *earn!n" !n r!t!sh En"*!sh) starts 0' s!n" @,est!ns1 r0*ems r senar!s5rather than s!m*' resent!n" esta0*!she& #ats r rtra'!n" a smth ath t /nw*e&"e. The ress !s #ten ass!ste& 0' a #a!*!tatr. In@,!rers w!** !&ent!#' an& researh !ss,es an& @,est!ns t &e$e* the!r /nw*e&"e r s*,t!ns. In@,!r'-0ase& *earn!n" !n*,&es r0*em-0ase& *earn!n"1 an& !s "enera**' ,se& !n sma** sa*e !n$est!"at!ns an& r6ets1 as we** as researh. The !n@,!r'-0ase& !nstr,t!n !s r!n!a**' $er' *se*' re*ate& t the &e$e*ment an& rat!e # th!n/!n" s/!**s. IND;CTIVE REASONING:- In&,t!$e reasn!n" !s a *"!a* ress !n wh!h m,*t!*e rem!ses1 a** 0e*!e$e& tr,e r #,n& tr,e mst # the t!me1 are m0!ne& t 0ta!n a se!#! n*,s!n. In&,t!$e reasn!n" !s #ten ,se& !n a*!at!ns that !n$*$e re&!t!n1 #reast!n"1 r 0eha$!r. Here !s an e4am*e: E$er' trna& I ha$e e$er seen !n the ;n!te& States rtate& ,nter*/w!se1 an& I ha$e seen &7ens # them. 2e see a trna& !n the &!stane1 an& we are !n the ;n!te& States. I n*,&e that the trna& we see r!"ht nw m,st 0e rtat!n" ,nter*/w!se. A meter*"!st w!** te** ', that !n the ;n!te& States (wh!h *!es !n the nrthern hem!shere)1 mst trna&es rtate ,nter*/w!se1 0,t nt a** # them &. There#re1 the n*,s!n !s r0a0*' tr,e1 0,t nt neessar!*' tr,e. In&,t!$e reasn!n" !s1 ,n*!/e &e&,t!$e reasn!n"1 nt *"!a**' r!"r,s. Imer#et!n an e4!st an& !na,rate n*,s!ns an ,r1 hwe$er rare !n &e&,t!$e reasn!n" the n*,s!ns are mathemat!a**' erta!n. In&,t!$e reasn!n" !s smet!mes n#,se& w!th mathemat!a* !n&,t!n1 an e nt!re*' &!##erent ress. Mathemat!a* !n&,t!n !s a #rm # &e&,t!$e reasn!n"1 !n wh!h *"!a* erta!nt!es are “& a!s' ha!ne&% t &er!$e a "enera* n*,s!n a0,t an !n#!n!te n,m0er # 06ets r s!t,at!ns. B.ED AIO SOLVED ASSI!NMENT 1 CODE 8601 ATMN 2016 QESTION " $ . 2HAT IS >RO>ROACH= S>ECIFB THE RORO
>r0*em S*$!n" Arah: There are sme r0*ems #r wh!h st,&ents /nw the strat e"' t s*$e as sn as the' e4am!ne the r0*ems. Hwe$er1 #r art!,*ar*' har& r0*ems1 the' & nt /nw r!"ht-awa' hw the' an s*$e the r0*em. The r"ress n s,h r0*ems # ten mes #rm he,r!st!s r Jr,*es # th,m03 that are *!/e*' t 0e ,se#,*1 0,t are nt ",arantee& t s*$e r0*ems. As a res,*t1 the r"ress n a r0*em ta/es the #rm # m,*t!*e e4*rat!ns r searh # &!##erent !&eas. >r"ress n a t'!a* r0*em w,*& !n$*$e a st,&ent tr'!n" ,t a *t # &!##erent *ea&s ,s!n" s,h he,r!st!s. 2r/ n the r0*em s*$!n" ma' " thr,"h &!##erent hases s,h as tr'!n" t ,n&erstan& the r0*em1 wr/!n" n a se!#! arah1 "ett!n" st,/ an& tr'!n" t "et ,nst,/1 r!t!a**' e4am!n!n" s*,t!ns r mm,n!at!n". The wr/ ma' !n$*$e "!n" 0a/ an& #rth 0etween these &!##erent hases # wr/. On th!s s!te1 we w,*& nw 0e r$!&!n" a $ar!et' # &!##erent s,""est!ns #r atta/!n" the r0*em. Man' # these are r,*es # th,m0 r he,r!st!s. These he,r!st!s an 0e &esr!0e& !n the #rm # n&!t!n1 at!nP #rm where n&!t!ns &esr!0e r0*em s!t,at!ns !n wh!h these sh,*& 0e a*!e& an& at!ns &esr!0e what sh,*& 0e &ne. ATMN 2016 AIO SOLVED ASSI!NMENT 1 B.ED CODE 8601 THE ROROr$!&e a $ar!et' # r0*ems . A**w st,&ents t!me t rat!e a he,r!st! an& strate"!es . G!$e s!m!*ar r the same r0*em !n &!##erent wa's +. As/ @,est!ns that en,ra"e st,&ents t: th!n/ &!$er"ent*' E4*a!n hw the' are th!n/!n". t share strate"!es th!n/ # ther wa's that the same r0*em ,*& 0e as/e& th!n/ # rea* *!#e r0*ems that are r re*ate t the r0*em &!s$er &!##erent r0*ems that an 0e s*$e& w!th the same strate"' &!s$er m,*t!*e wa's t s*$e the r0*em re#*et r he/ the!r s*,t!ns re#*et an& &!s,ss hw the' !ma"!ne& a erta!n strate"' m!"ht 0e ss!0*e e4*a!n wh' the' ha$e n#!&ene !n the!r s*,t!ns
8. >ROVIDE ENCO;RAGEMENT AND A>>RECIATION: are!ate &!##erent s*,t!ns an& strate"!es en,ra"e st,&ents t #!n& m,*t!*e s*,t!ns t a r0*em en,ra"e st,&ents t ta/e t!me t s*$e r0*ems m*!ment st,&ents n "& r0*em s*$!n" strate"!es whether the' reah a s*,t!n r nt ma/e s,re st,&ents /nw what a m*!ment r ra!se se!#!a**' re*ates t a0,t the r0*em an& r0*em s*$!n" en,ra"e st,&ents t /ee tr'!n" an& t *earn 0' rret!n" m!sta/es *et st,&ents /nw that r0*em s*$!n" !s &!##!,*t an& rewar&!n" share an& &!s,ss att!t,&es an& &!ss!t!ns that are n&,!$e t r0*em s*$!n" 88. E A RO
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