Lkä`cgcs hc D`ustëg Bdrrlis hc ^drd`udy d Cf Zdfvdhir
JCGXRI JSFXSRDF HC CZ^DÔD OSDG HC ZDFD_DRY41 HC ACBRCRI DF < HC KDR_I 2>>< Y DZSGJLIG, ^DRD@SD\
Aiti`rdaëd hchljdhd d su dkl`i y kcjcgds, cf uru`udyi Birhd y ^d`ifd. (j. 4<24) Jifcjjlúg Jìsdr Dkdri,Sru`udy
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Cstd cxpisljlúg hc judrcgtd y his lkä`cgcs rcprcscgtd fd kdyir y käs lkpirtdgtc kucstrd aiti`räaljd rcdflzdhd mdstd cf kikcgti hcf cxlkli jikpisltir pdrd`udyi D`ustëg Bdrrlis Kdg`irì, adffcjlhi cg Zdg Zdfvdhir cg 4<88. Fd al`urd hc cstc `rdg drtlstd sl`uc jrcjlcghi vcrtl`lgisdkcgtc cg tihi cf kughi `rdjlds d su drtc kusljdf, pcri fd adgtästljd mlstirld hc su vlhd crrdgtc cs jdsl hcsjigijlhd.
Fis prlgjlpdfcs pcrsigdocs quc mur`drig fd vlhd y ibrd hcf `ultdrrlstd pdrd`udyi iarcjlcghi cstds aiti`rdaëds jiki rcsuftdhi sig? fis hlsjëpufis hc D`ustëg cg Cf Zdfvdhir, df quc quc súfi ugi sibrcvlvc5 sibrcvlvc5 cg ^drd`udy, @ukcrslghi Dydfd Dqulgi (4<4>-4<02), juyd fdbir cs jdsl hcsjigijlhd5 cf jigjcrtlstd Jdyi Zlfd @ihiy (4<4<-), jigslhcrdhi cf kdyir rcjiplfdhir hc fds ibrds y pcrtcgcgjlds hcf drtlstd5 Bdjúg Hudrtc ^rdhi (4<43-2>>>), csjrltir y kÿslji pdrd`udyi, qulcg auc a uc piscchir Kchldgtc fd vdg`udrhlstd vlslúg hc D`ustëg, quc hcshc oivcg rcjigijlú hc fis äfbukcs hc rcjucrhis y jrúgljds hc D`ustëg5 cf cstdhiuglhcgsc fd lkpirtdgjld hcf rc`lstri aiti`räalji, tcgckis fd ipirtuglhdh hc Rljmdrh Rlji Ztivcr (4<83), qulcg cs cf kdyir lgvcstl`dhir hc Bdrrlis jigijcr trizis hc su cxlstcgjld y su cgtirgi, quc dkp dkpfëdg fëdg fd úptljd y y cf jigjcrtlstd uru`udyi Jìsdr Dkdri (4<8=-). cf trdbdoi hc lgvcstl`dhircs, kusljúfi`is c lgtcrcsdhis cg csd ìpijd quc trdbdodrig Bdrrlis y sus jigtckpirägcis, yd quc mdstd miy gi Hurdgtc jdsl ugd hìjdhd hc lgvcstl`djligcs fi`rì rcuglr cf kdyir sc mdg cgjigtrdhi alfkdjligcs hcf drtlstd. Jdhd lkd`cg cs ÿgljd y jikpcghli hc aiti`rdaëds hc D`ustëg Bdrrlis, privcglcgtcs hc fds piscc vdflisds plstds quc dyuhdg hcsjlardr fd mlstirld y kifhcdg fd pcrsigds jltdhds drrlbd, cstuhldghi hldrlis hc fd ìpijd y drjmlvis pcrsigdflhdh hc ugi hc fis jikpisltircs hc `ultdrrd jfäsljd käs lgstltujligdfcs y pcrsigdfcs pir hlvcrsis pdëscs hc Dkìrljd y Curipd. lkpirtdgtc hcf sl`fi ]]. Mc jikplfdhi fd kdyirëd hc fds aiti`rdaëds quc airkdg fd jifcjjlúg hcf Kusci Jdblfhi y cf Jcgtri Jufturdf hc Zdg Oudg Bdutlstd hc fds Fd rcjiplfdjlúg hc fds lkä`cgcs auc y sc`ulrä slcghi ugd tdrcd Klsligcs. sukdkcgtc hlaëjlf, quc md jigsc`ulhi arustrdr d lgvcstl`dhircs c mlstirldhircs, csti sc hcbc d quc cf bimckli Bdrrlis md hcodhi Cf Jcgtri Jufturdf hc Cspdôd Oudg hc Zdfdzdr y cf Jcgtri cspdrjlhi pir käs hc 23 pdëscs hc Dkìrljd y Curipd ard`kcgtis hc su hc ^riycjtis Bdrrlis Kdg`irì sc ugcg hc cstd kdgcrd pdrd vlhd cg airkd hc aiti`rdaëds, jirrcspighcgjld, pdrtlturds, lgstrukcgtis jikpdrtlr jig cf pÿbflji ug fdhi ëgtlki, subflkc, gistäf`lji y piji y hijukcgtis. Ìstis jigstltuycg ugd klgd hc iri pdrd cstuhlisis jigijlhi hcf drtlstd, d trdvìs hc lkä`cgcs quc trdsjcghlcrig df tlckpi, quc vlcgcg rdstrcdghi su vlhd y ibrd hcshc mdjc käs hc kchli sl`fi. lgkirtdflzdghi df käs uglvcrsdf hc fis drtlstds pdrd`udyis, D`ustlg Bdrrlis Kdg`irì. Cstd cxpisljlúg hc 82 aiti`rdaëds rcprcscgtd sifdkcgtc ug judrti hc fd jdgtlhdh hc lkä`cgcs jigijlhds hc D`ustëg, slg ckbdr`i, sig fds käs rcprcscgtdtlvds y djtudfkcgtc cs fd kucstrd käs jikpfctd y hc kdyir jdflhdh cstìtljd cxlstcgtc. Xdg adsjlgdgtc jiki fds lkä`cgcs sig fds dgìjhitds hc júki y húghc aucrig mdffdhds, fis sltlis y rlgjigcs, fds lgtrl`ds y cf klstcrli, quc airkdg cf csjcgdrli cg quc ibrdg fis drqucúfi`is jufturdfcs cg fd bÿsquchd jigstdgtc hc rcjigstrulr cstd Jdrfis Zdfjchi Jcgturlúg fc`cghdrld mlstirld. Jcgtri hc ^riycjtis Bdrrlis Kdg`irì
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D`ustëg cg Dsugjlúg. (j. 4<>>) Jifcjjlúg Zlfd @ihiy, ^drd`udy 8
Hc fd scrlc hc aiti`rdaëds tikdhd cg Jcgtridkìrljd. (j.4<::) Jifcjjlúg Zlfd @ihiy, ^drd`udy 3
D`ustëg pisdghi jig sus dfukgis käs hcstdjdhis, cg Zdg Zdfvdhir. Hc lzq. d hcr.? Rubìg Srqulffd, Ocsÿs Tulrid, Jcjlfli Ircffdgd y Bcgodkëg Jlsgcris. (j. 4<8:) Jifcjjlúg Jdrfis Zdfjchi, CC.SS. 1
D`ustëg pisdghi jig sus jifc`ds y dkl`is hcf Lgstltuti ^drd`udyi cg Dsugjlúg. (4<22) Jifcjjlúg Zlfd @ihiy, ^drd`udy 0
D`ustëg pisdghi cg cf Jigscrvdtirli ‖Rdadcf Ifkchi‛ hc Zdg Zdfvdhir. Cstd lkd`cg dpdrcjc cg cf blffctc hc 3>.>>> `udrdgëcs. (j. 4<8>) Jifcjjlúg Zlfd @ihiy, ^drd`udy =
auc cf prlkcri cg iarcjcr jfdscs d glvcf uglvcrsltdrli sibrc fd vlhd hc D`ustëg Bdrrlis cg fd uglvcrslhdh Jdtúfljd hc Zdg L`gdjli cg cf 2>>=.
Jcgtri hc ^riycjtis Bdrrlis Kdg`irì Cf Jcgtri hc ^riycjtis Bdrrlis Kdg`irì auc aughdhi cg 2>>= cg Dsugjlúg, ^drd`udy pir cf cqulpi lgvcstl`dtlvi hc Jdrfis Zdfjchi (CC. SS) y Ihdfls Qig Fcpcf (^DRD@SD\). (^DRD@SD\). Xlcgc jiki iboctlvi prlgjlpdf cf rcsjdtc y fd hlauslúg hcf fc`dhi jufturdf hcf cxlkli jikpisltir y `ultdrrlstd pdrd`udyi D`ustëg Bdrrlis Kdg`irì. Djtudfkcgtc, cf Jcgtri hcsckpcôd fd tdrcd hc dscsirdklcgti cg Lgstltujligcs jufturdfcs y `ubcrgdkcgtdfcs cg fi rcacrcgtc df drtlstd pdrd`udyi, y fd ir`dglzdjlúg hc priycjtis y cvcgtis cg pis hc fd al`urd hc D`ustëg Bdrrlis.
Hcshc mdjc jlgji dôis fi djikpdôd cg sus lgvcstl`djligcs fd pcrlihlstd Ihdfls Qig Fcpcf (^drd`udy), jigairkdghi dsë ug `rupi lgvcstl`dtlvi hchljdhi d iarcjcr jmdrfds, jigacrcgjlds, jursis cg uglvcrslhdhcs, lgstltujligcs jufturdfcs, jifc`lis, jigscrvdtirlis, cg hlvcrsis pdëscs hc Fdtlgidkìrljd.
Cf hlrcjtir hcf Jcgtri, Jdrfis Zdfjchi Jcgturlúg, cs ug girtcdkcrljdgi hc pdhrcs pdrd`udyis, quc vlcgc rcdflzdghi fd fdbir hc lgvcstl`djlúg y rcsjdtc hcf fc`dhi hc D`ustëg Bdrrlis hcshc cf dôi 2>>>. Md rcdflzdhi lgvcstl`djligcs cg ^drd`udy, Brdslf, Sru`udy, Dr`cgtlgd, Jubd, Rcpÿbfljd Hiklgljdgd, Cf Zdfvdhir, Cstdhis Sglhis c Ltdfld. Cs sijli migirdrli hc fd Dsijldjlúg Kdg`irì hc Cf Zdfvdhir. Md jifdbirdhi kuy hc jcrjd jig fis `ultdrrlstds pdrd`udyis Zlfd @ihiy, Acflpc Zisd, y Fuz Kdrëd Bibdhlffd. Cg cf dôi 2>>0 auc jiaughdhir hc fd prlkcrd sdfd hc cxpisljlúg cg cf kughi hc fds pcrtcgcgjlds hc D`ustëg Bdrrlis cg cf Kusci Jdblfhi y slrvlú jiki dscsir jufturdf hc cstd lgstltujlúg hcf 2>>1 df 2>>=. Cg cf 2>>0 fdgzú ug flbri-jdtäfi`i tltufdhi ‖Cf Lgdfjdgzdbfc? D`ustëg Bdrrlis Kdg`irì‛, chltdhi pir cf Jig`rcsi hc fd Gdjlúg ^drd`udyd y Cf Jdblfhi, jigslhcrdhi ugi hc fis flbris käs lkpirtdgtcs sibrc ug `ultdrrlstd jfäslji. Auc gikbrdhi vlsltdgtc Lfustrc cg Dsugjlúg, Zdg Oudg Bdutlstd y cg Zdg Zdfvdhir pir su trdbdoi hc lgvcstl`djlúg y jigscrvdjlúg hcf fc`dhi kdg`ircdgi. Cs jifdbirdhir y drtljuflstd hc hlvcrsds pubfljdjligcs cg pcrlúhljis y rcvlstds gdjligdfcs c lgtcrgdjligdfcs, iarcjc jmdrfds cg hlvcrsis pdëscs, mdbfd jig arcjucgjld cg fd rdhli sibrc cf tckd hc Kdg`irì y
Oiâi ^crgdkbuji, D`ustëg y Tulgjds Fdrdgoclrd cg fd Jdsd hc kÿsljd ‖Jdvdqulgmi hc Iuri‛ cg Rli hc Odgclri. Odgclri. (j. 4<41). 4<41). Jifcjjlúg Rljmdrh Ztivcr, CC.SS. <
D`ustëg cg Sru`udy cg 4<44 dprix. Fd `ultdrrd cs ugd Oisì Rdkërcz (4<44) utlflzdhd pir Bdrrlis pdrd mdjcr fds prlkcrds `rdbdjligcs aigi`räaljds jikcrjldfcs jig fis scffis Dtfdgtd y Drtl`ds hc Bucgis Dlrcs cg 4<4:. Cg fd djtudflhdh, cstä cg iacrtd d 2>>.>>> (SZ) húfdrcs. Fds dutirlhdhcs pdrd`udyds cstäg cg gc`ijldjligcs pdrd quc cf lgstrukcgti sc quchc cg ^drd`udy. Jifcjjlúg Rljmdrh Ztivcr, CC.SS.
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Aiti`rdaëd hc D`ustëg supcrpucstd jig fd lkd`cg hc ugd `ultdrrd, bdsdhd cg cf pickd ^iflacki hc iri hc Achcrlji @drjëd Firjd. (j. 4<::) Jifcjjlúg Zlfd @ihiy, ^drd`udy 44
Mcrrcrd =:8 jdsl Xdjudry • Xcf. 88 << 24 • jcgtriNoudghcsdfdzdr.ir`.py • www.oudghcsdfdzdr.ir`.py • Dsugjlúg, ^drd`udy
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