AFK1503: Advanced terminology list and translations. TERM TE RM / C! C!CE CE"T "T #! #! $T% $T%& &' (%# (%#&E &E
TRA! TR A!$)A $)AT# T#! ! A!& A!& E* E*") ")A! A!A AT#! T#!
1. Generatiewe luister
1. This means that a person is able to silence his / her own thoughts and focus on what another person is saying. However, this does not mean you only listen to the words another words another person is speaking – it also means that you pay attention to the nonverbal signs another person is giving when he / she speaks. . This refers to the conte!t in which communication takes place. "ore speci#cally it refers to the conte!t $background / level of knowledge in a speci#c #eld / viewpoints on a certain matter etc.% of the language user / users who are taking part in the communication. &. (onnotation and denotation. (onnotation) the associations $negative or positive% we have with a particular word / term. *enotation) the literal / factual meaning of a word. +. This refers to th the ab ability $-vermo% of a person to -read communication form another person. He / she is able to pick up nonverbal signs and can interpret what is being said, and what is not being said $nonverbal communication%, correctly. . -Taalnorme refers to the -rules that governs language use. There isnt one set of rules in a language that tells us how we are supposed to speak, but rather multiple sets multiple sets of rules that give us an idea of what register of language to use in a speci#c situation. The important thing is to remember that a language user always has a choice – choice – you can choose to obey the rules for a speci#c situation or not. 0. This refers to a community made up of speakers from di2erent languages. 3t can also include speakers who share a language, but speak di2erent varieties
. Taalgebruikerskonteks
&. 'onnotasie en denotasie
+. 'ommunikatiewe ta taalvermo
. Taalnorme
0. eeltalige gemeenskap
4. 5mgangsvariteite
8. 9egistervariteite
;.Taallo
1=. Taalidentiteit
11. 6tandaardafrikaans
1. ?iestandaardafrikaans
4. -5mgansvariteite refers to the way you speak a language from birth. 6o this is the way you speak at home, to your family etc. 3t is the way you speak in most conte!ts. This could re7ect the area / country you were born in or the culture that you were born in. 8. -9egistervariteite refers to the way you speak in a speci#c group. This is the way you speak when you are talking about your profession, for e!ample. This means that you use certain terms in one conte!t that you would not necessarily use in another conte!t. :ou will use di2erent terms when you ask your best friend to get you something from the mall than you will when you ask your grandmother to get you something from the mall. ;. 3t means that you are loyal towards a speci#c language – you have a very strong connection with a speci#c language and you will defend that language and the use of that language if need be. 1=. This term means that you associate yourself with a speci#c language. 3t also means that you believe a language plays an integral part in de#ning who you are as a person – the language forms part of your identity. -6tandaardafrikaans is seen as the variety of >frikaans spoken by most of the >frikaans community and it is widely accepted as the most common variety of >frikaans. 3t is important to note that there isnt a term such as -poor >frikaans use or the -incorrect use of >frikaans, but simply the -inappropriate use of >frikaans in certain conte!ts. ?iestandaardafrikaans can be divided into two categories) -omgangsvariteite and -registervariteite $see number 4 and 8 of this list for a discussion of these terms%. ?iestandaardafrikaans refers to the -other varieties of >frikaans that is
1&. 'ontreitaal
1+. *iskoers
1. 3mplisiete taalkennis
10. #ntratekstueel vs. intertekstueel.
spoken by di2erent communities or groups. -'ontreitaal refers to the type of >frikaans spoken in a speci#c region. The vocabulary of the speakers and the meaning and pronunciation of the words they use di2er from the standard >frikaans version of the language. -'ontreitaal is also known as a dialect . > dialect can be seen as an -omgangsvariteit. -*iskoers $*iscourse% refers to the forms of representation, codes, conventions and habits of language that produce speci#c #elds of culturally and historically located meanings. *iscourse has to do with -language and power. This means that certain individuals within a society has the power $within speci#c #elds% to change or form the publics perception about something through the words / language they use to describe a situation, institution or practice. 5ur views of everything around us are formed by the -mall of these connections lead to us being able to understand and interpret a te!t correctly. -#ntertekstueel refers to the connections between texts $as a whole%. This means that one te!t might e!plicitly or implicitly refer to another te!t. This happens because the author
14. 6tyl / 6kryfstyl
might want to make subtle hints towards the plot or theme of another book or because the books or te!ts are somehow related to each other. >lso see p.4+ of the study guide and the short te!t on page 114 A the references made in this te!t are interte!tual $intertekstueel%. -6kryfstyl / styl means the writing style of an individual. ?ot only does variation occur between di2erent te!t genres $for e!ample a novel vs. a poem% but authors also show variation within the same genre. Bvery author has a uniCue style of writing in di2erent conte!ts. The conte!t of the te!t is the most important since it will determine how the te!t will be structured. > formal letter to your employer will be structured di2erently from an informal letter to your friend. @urthermore you have to decide who your target audience is, what the goal of your writing is etc. This will also determine the most e2ective writing style to be used. Dlease see pages 110 and 11;A 1= of the study guide for a further discussion of the term -skryfstyl
