ad0415a INTRODUCTION TO THE PATRIOT AIR DEFENSE MISSLE SYSTEM

SUBCOURSE

EDITION

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A

US ARMY AIR DEFENSE ARTILLERY SCHOOL INTRODUCTION TO THE PATRIOT AIR DEFENSE MISSILE SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION TO THE PATRIOT AIR DEFENSE MISSILE SYSTEM

SUBCOURSE NUMBER AD0415 EDITION A

United States Army Air Defense Artillery School Fort Bliss, Texas 79916-3802 6 Credit Hours Edition Date: October 1994 SUBCOURSE OVERVIEW

This subcourse is designed to familiarize you with the technical and tactica tactical l context context for for the Patrio Patriot t Air Defens Defense e Missile Missile Syste System. m. The information this subcourse provides is the starting point for Patriot operati operations ons. . It describ describes es Patrio Patriot's t's role role in the air defens defense e battle battle system and explains the organization organization of the Patriot Patriot battalion battalion and its interface with othe r weapon systems. It also provides familiarization with the functions and purpose of each end item in the Patrio Patriot t Air Defense Defense Missi Missile le System. System. With With this inform informati ation on you should have a better understanding of the need for Patriot. There There are no prerequ prerequisi isites tes or critica critical l tasks tasks associa associated ted with with this this subcours urse. It is the the first of a sequence of subc ubcourses and introduces the Patriot Air Defense Missile System. This subcourse reflects the doctrine that was current at the time it was prepared. prepared. In your own own work situatio situation, n, always always refer to the latest latest official publications. Unless otherwise otherwise stated, stated, the masculine gender of singular singular pronouns pronouns is used to refer to both men and women. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE

ACTION :

You will identify and describe: 1.

Patr Patrio iot' t's s missi mission on, , roles roles, , and inte interf rfac ace e with with the other weapon systems in the AirLand Battle.

2.

Patriot battalion organizational functions, and equipment purposes.

i

elements,

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3.

Patriot battery organizational functions, and equipment purposes.

elements,

4.

Patr Patrio iot t ope opera rati tion ons s und under er norm normal al cond condit itio ions ns. .

CONDIT ION:

You will be given textual illu illust stra rati tion ons s dire direct ctly ly rela relate ted d to listed in the action statement.

STANDA RD:

To demonstrate competency in the Patriot Air Defense Missile System overview, ew, as instructed ted in this subcourse, you must achieve a minimum score of 70% on the subcourse examination.

REFE REFERE RENC NCES ES: :

The The mate materi rial al con conta tain ined ed in in this this sub subco cour urse se was was der deriv ived ed from the following publications: FM 44-85, FM 44-85-1, and FM 44-100 (HTF).

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information and the the subj subjec ects ts as

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Sectio n

Page

Subcourse Overview...................................................i Administrative Instructions..........................................v Grading and Certification Instructions...............................v Lesson 1: Overview Overview of the Patriot Patriot Air Air Defense Defense Missile Missile System...................................................1-1 Part Part A:

Patri Patriot ot's 's Miss Missio ion n in in the the AirL AirLan and d Bat Battle tle.. .... .... ....1 ..1-3 -3

Part Part B:

The The Rol Role e of of Pat Patri riot ot in the the Clo Close se-I -In n Battle.........................................1-3

Part Part C:

The The Rol Role e of of Pat Patri riot ot in the the Cor Corps ps and and Theater Level Battle...........................1-5

Part Part D:

Patr Patrio iot' t's s Int Inter erfa face ce with with Othe Other r ADA ADA Weapon Systems in the AirLand Battle...........1-8

Practice Exercise.......................................1-11 Answer Key and Feedback.................................1-15 Lesson 2: The Organizatio Organization n of a Patriot Patriot Battalion.. Battalion......... ............. .........2-1 ...2-1 Practice Exercise........................................2-9 Answer Key and Feedback.................................2-13 Lesson 3: The Organizatio Organization n of a Patriot Patriot Firing Battery Battery (FB)... (FB)........3.....3-1 1 Practice Exercise........................................3-9 Answer Key and Feedback.................................3-13 Lesson 4: Patriot Patriot Operational Operational Requirements. Requirements....... ............. ............. ...........4.....4-1 1 Practice Exercise........................................4-9 Answer Key and Feedback.................................4-13

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APPENDIX A LIST OF COMMON ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS......................................................A-1 APPENDIX B REFERENCES..............................................B-1

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LESSON 1

OVERVIEW OF THE PATRIOT AIR DEFENSE MISSILE SYSTEM OVERVIEW

LESSON DESCRIPTION This lesson addresses the need for Patriot in the Army inventory. It describes describes the Patriot's Patriot's mission, role in the close-in battle, role in corps corps and theate theater, r, and interf interface aces s with with other other air defens defense e artill artillery ery (ADA) weapon systems. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACTION :

You will identify and describe Patriot's: •

Mission in the AirLand Battle.

•

Role in the close-in battle.

•

Role in the corps and theater level battle.

•

Interfaces with other weapon systems in the AirLand Battle.

CONDIT ION:

You will be given textual information illustrations within the AD0415 subcourse booklet.

and

STANDA RD:

To demonstrate competency of the instructions contained in this lesson, you must achieve a minimum score of 70% on the subcourse examination.


The The mat mater eria ial l con conta tain ined ed in this this less lesson on was was der deriv ived ed from from the following publications: FM 44-85, FM 44-85-1, and FM 44-100 (HTF). INTRODUCTION

The mission of the US Army ADA is to nullify or reduce the effe effect ctiv iven enes ess s of atta attack ck or surv survei eill llan ance ce by host hostil ile e airc aircra raft ft or missiles missiles after they are airborne, airborne, thereby supporting the primary primary Army function of conducting prompt and sustained land warfare operations. This This lesson lesson will examin examine e the contribut contribution ion of Patrio Patriot t to the total battlefield battlefield operati operations. ons. The range range capabili capability ty of the Patriot Patriot allows this system to provide coverage over a large area 1-1

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or battlefiel battlefield. d. The battlefie battlefield ld is called called the the theater theater of operations operations (Figure 1-1). The theater theater of of operations operations represe represents nts the total ground ground mass mass occup occupie ied d by the theat theater er. . To provi provide de contr control ol, , the the US Army Army divides the battlefie battlefield ld into into segments. segments. The segments segments are identifi identified ed as areas areas of operatio operation. n. The corps corps area area is forward forward of the theater theater and US Arm Army y area area. . Forw Forwar ard d of the the corp corps s is the the divi divisi sion on are area. a. The The division area of operations is within the corp's area of operations. The brigades are forward of the division's rear area.

Figure 1-1.

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Theater boundaries

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PART A:

PATRIOT'S MISSION IN THE AIRLAND BATTLE

LEARNING EVENT: 1.

Describe the Patriot Mission in the AirLand Battle

GENE GENERA RAL. L. Patr Patrio iot t prov provid ides es the the US US Arm Army y wit with h an an orga organi nic c mea means ns to protect its forces. forces. Patriot generally generally supports supports a corps which is is composed of three to five divisions. a. Missio Mission. n. The Patrio Patriot's t's missio mission n is is to to prov provide ide air defense defense to critical assets and maneuver forces belonging to the corps and to echelons above corps (EAC). NOTE:

To engage airborne threats at all altitudes is an implied mission.

b. Objectives. Objectives. There are three objectives objectives of Patriot operations: operations: to disrupt and destroy enemy air operations, to retain command and control abilities for our own forces, and to support our operations. c. Employmen ment. The Patriot Air Defense Missile System is employed on the battlefield to accomplish its assigned mission and to provide an integrated defense to the corps. Patriot is mobile and its its coverage coverage extends extends to the enemy's enemy's rear area. It is emplo employe yed d with with other other ADA syste systems ms. . Withi Within n the corps corps and and divisions are the Forward Area Air Defense (FAAD) battalions. They are composed of the Avenger and Stinger weapon systems. 2.

SUMM SUMMAR ARY. Y. The The pur purpo pose se of this this lear learni ning ng even event t was was to revi review ew the the miss missio ion, n, obje object ctiv ives es, , and and typi typica cal l empl employ oyme ment nt of the the Patr Patrio iot t system. Patriot Patriot supports supports the ADA ADA mission mission and it has the the ability ability to satisfy the three objectives of air defense operations.

PART B:

THE ROLE OF PATRIOT IN THE CLOSE-IN BATTLE

LEARNING EVENT: 1.

Describe the Role of Patriot in the Close-in Battle

GEN GENERAL. The cl close ose-in bat battle is co conducted by a co corps usi using assigned assigned division divisions s and their maneuver maneuver brigades brigades. . Effective Effective air defe defens nse e prot protec ecti tion on in the the cond conduc uct t of the the AirL AirLan and d Batt Battle le is critical. critical. The theater theater level level battle battle includes includes all elements elements in the AirLand Battle operations. operations. Air defense defense protectio protection n is critical critical not only at the corps or close-in battle area but

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also at EAC. Patriot Patriot will provide provide air defense defense coverage coverage starting starting at the theater rear area and extending to the close-in battle. Air defense protection will include integrated FAAD systems and High-to-Medium Altitude Air Defense (BIMAD) weapons. This lesson addresses Patriot operations in the corps area. a. Corp Corps s Area. Area. Patr Patrio iot' t's s role role in the the clo close se-i -in n batt battle le is to to support support the corps. corps. Patriot Patriot provides provides high high and medium altitude altitude coverage throughout the corps. This coverage forces the enemy to place more reliance on the low altitude approaches. b. Divisi Division on Area Area. . Patrio Patriot's t's role role in in the the closeclose-in in battle battle is also also to provide medium and hig high altitude covera erage over the divi divisi sion. on. The The divisi division on depl deploy oys s its maneu maneuve ver r brigad brigades es to cond conduc uct t offens offensiv ive e or defe defens nsiv ive e operat operatio ions. ns. The The maneuv maneuver er brigad brigades es that that fight fight the closeclose-in in battle battle must must be protec protected ted. . The divisional FAAD battalion provides low level protection to the the brig brigad ades es. . This This prote protect ctio ion n is again against st threa threat t atta attack ck helicopters helicopters and ground ground support support fighters. fighters. Within the close-i close-in n battle, Patriot provides the division with: (1) Medium Medium and high altitu altitude de cove coverage rage. . (2) (2) Attr Attrit itio ion n of deep deep division assets.

atta attack ck

airc aircra raft ft

targ target etin ing g

brig brigad ade e

and and

(3) Radar Radar and missile missile covera coverage ge that forces forces enemy enemy aircraf aircraft t into lower altitude engagement zones. c. Patr Patrio iot's t's Cove Covera rage ge and and Prot Protec ecti tion on. . Patr Patrio iot t is desi designe gned d to to prov provid ide e cove covera rage ge of the the batt battle le area area and and prote protect ctio ion n at all all altitudes over the corps area of operations. (1) (1) Cove Covera rage ge. . Patr Patrio iot t cove covers rs a larg large e area area that that nor norma mall lly y extend extends s over that that port portion ion known known as as the corps corps area. area. This This area normally extends over all portions of the corps rear area. This is the area next to the division's division's area. This overla overlappi pping ng of covera coverage ge also also provide provides s the corp corp comman commander der with rear area protection. The Patriot system is mobile.

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(2) Protection. Patr atriot and divisional FAAD battalion comm comman ande ders rs must must exch exchan ange ge oper operat atio iona nal l info inform rmat atio ion n to optimi optimize ze integ integrat rated ed ADA ADA prote protecti ction. on. This This also also inclu includes des optimizing an individual weapon system's contribution. The same is true for the planning completed by all commanders. Close coordination enhances air defense of critical assets for both the close-in battle and the rear battle. 2.

SUM SUMMARY. This lea learning even event t cov covered Pat Patriot's rol role in th the close-in close-in battle. battle. Patriot Patriot is capable capable of supporting supporting the close-in close-in battle due to its range. range. The Patriot Patriot effort extends many miles miles beyond the unit's unit's location. location. You should recognize recognize that that you you are part of a team effort.

PART C:

THE ROLE OF PATRIOT IN THE CORPS AND THEATER LEVEL BATTLE

LEAR LEARNI NING NG EVENT EVENT: : Desc Descri ribe be Theater Level Battle 1.

the

Role Role

of

Patri Patriot ot

in

the the

Corp Corps s

and and

GENER GENERAL AL. . Patri Patriot ot also also suppo support rts s the the corp corps s area area and and thea theate ter r leve level l batt battle le. . In rear rear area areas, s, enemy enemy force forces s ofte often n will will attem attempt pt to disr disrup upt t and and demo demora rali lize ze our our forc forces es by inte interr rrup upti ting ng supp suppor ort t acti activi viti ties es, , inte interd rdic icti ting ng line lines s of comm commun unic icat atio ions ns, , and/ and/or or dive divert rtin ing g main main batt battle le area area comb combat at forc forces es. . The The foll follow owin ing g para paragr grap aphs hs disc discus uss s this this thre threat at and and the the ADA ADA supp suppor ort t to help help coun counte ter r it. it. Patr Patrio iot' t's s role role is defi define ned d by the the thre threat at, , ADA missions, terrain analysis, and sustainment ability. a. Threat Threat. . The threat threat to the the Army Army battl battle e and and rear rear area area inclu includes des airborne forces, special purpose forces, airmobile forces, and amphib amphibious ious forc forces. es. The size size of thes these e forces forces can can range range from single single indiv individua iduals ls to divisi division-s on-size ize elemen elements. ts. Moreov Moreover, er, an attack attack coul could d be along along sing single le or mult multipl iple e routes routes. . A ground ground attack would be accompanied by a missile and/or air attack. The most important targets in our corps rear area are listed below. For you you to understand understand the ADA's ADA's role, role, some some knowledg knowledge e of delivery systems is also required.

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(1) (1) High High Prio Priori rity ty Targ Target ets. s. The The foll follow owin ing g corp corps s rear rear area area targets are subject to attack since these types of assets are important components of the enemy's concept of battle. •

Nuclear sites.

•

Command and control headquarters.

•

Airfields.

•

Air Defense Artillery units.

•

Radar installations.

•

Logistics installations.

•

Intelligence installations.

•

Key civilian industrial and utility installations.

(2) (2) Deli Delive very ry Sys Syste tems ms. . The The deli delive very ry sys syste tems ms use used d by the the ene enemy my includ include e a wide wide range range of miss missile iles s and airc aircraf raft. t. Specif Specific ic missil missiles es and ammuni ammunitio tion n combin combinati ations ons are used used to destroy destroy specific specific types types of of targets. targets. There are also also various various piloted piloted and and nonnon-pi pilo lote ted d airc aircra raft ft used used to deli delive ver r ordi ordina nanc nce e or troops. troops. Non-piloted Non-piloted and piloted piloted air platfor platforms ms also also can can be used to conduct reconnaissance. Several classifications of delivery systems are listed below. (a) Missiles. Missiles can be classified by range, muni muniti tion ons, s, or both both (Tabl (Table e 1-1). 1-1). This This tabl table e is only only representative. Table 1-1.

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Missile classifications

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(b) Aircraf Aircraft. t. Aircra Aircraft ft can be classif classified ied by type type or or miss mission ion (Table 1-2). The following following is is a representati representative ve list list of aircraft. Table 1-2.

Aircraft classification

b. ADA ADA Missi Mission on. . ADA ADA miss missio ions ns are are stan standa dard rd tact tactic ical al mis missi sion ons s whic which h are are gene genera ral l supp suppor ort, t, gene genera ral l supp suppor ortt-re rein info forc rcin ing, g, reinforcing, reinforcing, and direct direct support support. . ADA mission mission support support for the the Army and theater level battle operation includes air defense prot protec ecti tion on of vita vital l asse assets ts. . Many Many are are deep deep atta attack ck and and sust sustai aini ning ng base base asse assets ts. . Prot Protec ecti tion on of these these asset assets s is import important ant to to the forc force. e. It preser preserves ves comba combat t power power and and the abil abilit ity y to cond conduc uct t and and sust sustai ain n AirLa AirLand nd Batt Battle le oper operat atio ions ns. . Protection or coverage provided by Patriot includes theater, Numbered US Army, corps, and division level. (1) Theater or Army Level. Theater or Army leve evel assets gene genera rall lly y are are defe defend nded ed by both both Unit United ed Stat States es Air Air Forc Force e (USA (USAF) F) inter interce cept ptor ors s and ADA resou resourc rces. es. The The primar primary y air defe defens nse e syste system m is the the USAF USAF inte interc rcep epto tor. r. The The Patri Patriot ot batt battal alio ions ns of the the Army Army air air defe defense nse comm comman and d perfo perform rm this this role as a standard tactical mission. (2) (2) Corp Corps s Leve Level. l. The The corp corps s ADA ADA brig brigad ade e prov provid ides es rea rear r area area protec protectio tion n for a corps corps. . This This is done done in accor accordan dance ce with with the corps corps commander commander's 's concept concept of of operations. operations. The corps corps ADA ADA brigade is composed of Patriot, Hawk, and FAAD organi organizat zation ions. s. In the corp corps s area, area, assets assets are defe defende nded d by the Air Force and by theater level ADA, if designated as prio priori riti ties es by the the thea theate ter r comm comman ande der. r. This This suppo support rt is provided as a standard tactical mission.

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(3) Division Level. In the division area, planned ADA prot protec ecti tion on is norm normal ally ly prov provid ided ed by an orga organi nic c ADA ADA FAAD FAAD battalion as a standard tac tactical missi ssion. This is augm augmen ente ted d by thea theate ter r Patr Patrio iot t and and corp corps s Hawk Hawk reso resour urce ces s through the us e of a standard tactical mission or attachment. c. Terrain Terrain Analysis. Analysis. The Patriot Patriot system can operate operate in all types of terra terrain in. . Howe However ver, , the conto contour ur of the terra terrain in requi require res s special special analysis analysis to to kill kill the threat. Enemy airborne airborne and air assa assaul ult t forc forces es can can pene penetr trat ate e divi divisi sion on, , corp corps, s, Army Army, , and and theater rear areas using very low-altitude avenues of appr approa oach ch. . Thes These e aven avenue ues s of appro approac ach h must must be caref careful ully ly evaluated. evaluated. Extensive Extensive terrain terrain analyses analyses to determine determine very very lowlowaltitude avenues of approach and reductions in radar coverage caus caused ed by terr terrai ain n mask maskin ing g are are esse essent ntia ial l elem elemen ents ts of ADA ADA planning. planning. Coverage Coverage should should be weighted weighted against against these these avenues avenues of approach. d. Sustai Sustainmen nment. t. The Patriot Patriot system system provide provides s for sustain sustainmen ment t of the force. force. An importan important t contributi contribution on that that Patriot Patriot battalions battalions make make to the the main main effo effort rt is the the prot protec ecti tion on of deep deep atta attack ck assets assets. . Patrio Patriot t battalio battalions ns also also contrib contribute ute to the the surviva survival l and sustainme sustainment nt of our fighting fighting forces. They accompli accomplish sh this this by provid providing ing coverag coverage e to combat, combat, combat combat suppor support, t, and combat combat service support units operating in the division area. 2.

SUMM SUMMAR ARY. Y. Patr Patrio iot t has has a maj major or role role in the the ADA ADA miss missio ion n due due to its its rang range. e. This This role role is to kill kill the the air air thre threat at and, and, in turn, turn, support ground forces. forces. Patriot can be be employed employed in all terrain to sustain sustain ground operat operations ions by provid providing ing protec protection tion from the air threat. For success, the system depends on your contribution.

PART PART D: PATRIO PATRIOT'S T'S INTER INTERFACE FACE WITH WITH OTHER OTHER ADA ADA WEAPON WEAPON SYSTEM SYSTEMS S IN THE AIRLAND BATTLE LEARNING EVENT: Describe the Interface with Other ADA Weapon Systems in the AirLand Battle 1.

GENE GENERA RAL. L. We cove covere red d som some e of of the the inte interf rfac ace e iss issue ues s in in pre previ viou ous s learning learning events. events. The ADA ADA assets assets represente represented d in the the battlefie battlefield ld include include many many means means of interf interface ace to accom accompli plish sh the missi mission. on. A few of these interface means are described below.

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a. Joint Joint Operati Operations ons. . Patrio Patriot t will will operate operate in a join joint t oper operati ation. on. As a result, the use of USAF, US Navy, and/or US Army elements are are poss possib ible le. . Dire Direct ctiv ives es such such as Join Joint t Chie Chief f of Staff Staff publications provide pathways for interfacing or inte intero roper perab abil ilit ity. y. Inte Interop roper erab abil ilit ity y is the the capabi capabilit lity y to operat operate e with with other other normal normally ly unrela unrelated ted activi activities ties or closel closely y associated missions. b. Operational Directives. Within the contex t of joint oper operat atio ions ns, , is the the use use of oper operat atio ion n plan plans, s, orde orders rs, , and and tactical tactical standing standing operating operating procedu procedures. res. These documents documents are prepar prepared ed through through coord coordina ination tion activ activiti ities. es. These These activit activities ies can can be perform performed ed by liais liaison on perso personn nnel el. . The The issuan issuance ce and and receipt of plans and orders are also a means of interface or interoperability. c. Organizational Liaison. Within the context of an organization, organization, is the need for for command command and control control (C2). The C2 for ADA will be covered in more detail in later lessons of the subcourse subcourse. . To effective effectively ly provide provide C2, C2, both equipment equipment and and person personnel nel are are provided provided. . The equip equipmen ment t and perso personnel nnel can can be used to provid vide interface with superior, parallel, or subordinate activities. d. Comm Commun unic icat atio ions ns. . The The capab capabil ilit ity y to commu communi nica cate te with with othe other r elem elemen ents ts allo alloca cate ted d to air air defe defens nse e is also also a nece necess ssit ity. y. Comm Commun unic icat atio ions ns are are acco accomp mpli lish shed ed by usin using g comp compat atib ible le C2, C2, communication communications, s, and and intelli intelligence gence systems. systems. Voice and digital comm commun unica icati tion ons s are the the two two key mean means s of inter interfa face ce used used by Patr Patrio iot. t. Patr Patrio iot t must have have commu communi nica catio tions ns to both both the C2 chains. 2.

INTERFACE REQUIREMENT AT VARIOUS TACTICAL ECHELONS. This para paragr grap aph h addr addres esse ses s the the vari variou ous s tact tactic ical al eche echelo lons ns and and the the interface with ADA units. a. EAC Level. Level. Patriot Patriot units units are locate located d at EAC. EAC. This This includ includes es the the Number Numbered ed US Army and/ and/or or theat theater er asset assets. s. Patr Patriot iot will will intera interact ct at this this level. level. These These ADA asse assets ts are cont control rolled led by the ADA Command general officer. b. Corp Corps s Leve Level. l. Patr Patrio iot t ADA ADA unit units s are are foun found d at a corp corps s leve level. l. Patriot will interact at this level with the US Air Force. It will will also also inter interfa face ce with with Hawk Hawk and FAAD FAAD fire unit units. s. These These assets are under control of the ADA brigade organic to the corps.

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c. Divi Divisi sion on Leve Level. l. The ADA ADA uni unit t foun found d at the the div divis isio ion n leve level l is the FAAD FAAD battal battalion ion. . It will will interac interact t with with Patriot Patriot and and Hawk units providing support to the division. It also will respond to the US US Air Force Force. . The FAAD FAAD battal battalion ion is comp compose osed d of the Avenger system and Stinger fire units and teams. d. Small Small Arms Arms Air Defens Defense. e. Small Small arms arms are are empl employed oyed at all levels levels to repel repel air attacks. attacks. A well well designed designed offensiv offensive e or defensi defensive ve posi positi tion on shou should ld incl includ ude e the the abil abilit ity y to enga engage ge atta attack ckin ing g aircraft with small arms. Small arms air defense is best used when when the the inte interf rfac ace e with with an ADA ADA unit unit is achi achiev eved ed. . This This prod produc uces es early early warni warning ng and cuin cuing g info inform rmat atio ion. n. Reli Reliab able le communications is necessary. 3.

SUMMA SUMMARY RY. . The The conc concep ept t of air air defe defens nse e oper operat atio ions ns prov provid ides es for for the the cont contro rol l of all air air defe defens nse e asse assets ts. . Each Each air defe defens nse e asse asset t complem complement ents s the other other assets assets to provid provide e integr integrate ated d protect protection ion. . The interface includes integration of air defense coverage over crit critic ical al asset assets. s. Comm Commun unic icat atio ions ns play play a majo major r role role in the the integration of Patriot with other elements.

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LESSON 1 PRACTICE EXERCISE

The following items will test your knowledge of the material covered in this this lesson lesson. . There There is only only one corr correc ect t answer answer for each each item. item. When you complete the exercise, check your answers with the answer key that that follow follows. s. If you answe answer r any item item incorrec incorrectly tly, , study study again again that part of the lesson which contains the portion involved. 1.

What What is is the the miss mission ion of the the US US Arm Army y Air Air Defe Defens nse e Art Artill iller ery? y? A. B. C. D.

NOTE:

Null Nullif ify y the the effec effecti tive vene ness ss of attac attack k by airc aircra raft ft only only. . Null Nullif ify y the the effec effecti tive vene ness ss of attac attack k by miss missil iles es only only. . Nullify the effectivenes s of attack by aircraft missiles. Support th the co corps ar area.

and

Use the illustration below to answer questions 2 through 5.

2.

Sele Select ct the the area area of oper operat atio ions ns whic which h is prim primar aril ily y proce procedu dura ral l air battle management.

3.

Sele Select ct the the rear rear area area of oper operat atio ions ns. .

4.

Sele Select ct the the the theat ater er of oper operat atio ions ns area area. .

5.

Sel Select th the cl close-in battle ar area.

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6.

Which of the operations? A. B. C. D.

7.

objectives

of

Patriot

To disr disrup upt t and and dest destro roy y ene enemy my air air ope opera rati tion ons. s. To reta retain in comma command nd and and con contr trol ol abil abilit itie ies s for for our our own own forc forces es. . To su support ou our op operations. All of the above.

Prov Provid ide e Prov Provid ide e Prov Provid ide e Prov Provid ide e

com comma mand nd and and con contr trol ol for for the the divi divisi sion on. . med medium ium and and low low alti altitu tude de cov cover erag age e ove over r the the div divis isio ion. n. med medium ium and and hig high h alt altit itude ude cove covera rage ge over over the the divi divisi sion on. . low low and high high alti altitu tude de cove covera rage ge over over the the div divis isio ion. n.

By range. By munitions. By size. Both A and B.

What What typ type e of of ter terrai rain n can can the the Pat Patri riot ot syst system em oper operat ate e in? in? A. B. C. D.

10. 10.

the

How How are are host hostil ile e mis missi sile les s cla class ssif ifie ied? d? A. B. C. D.

9.

describes

What What is Patr Patrio iot' t's s role role in the the clos closee-in in batt battle le at the the divis divisio ion n level? A. B. C. D.

8.

following

All types of terrain. Desert terrain only. Forested te terrain on only. Mountainous te terrain on only.

Your Your Patr Patrio iot t unit unit is assi assign gned ed at the the cor corps ps leve level. l. the Patriot asset? A. B. C. D.

An ADA An ADA The US An ADA

Who Who con contr trols ols

genera l. brigad e. Air Force. battal ion.

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1-14

LESSON 1 PRACTICE EXERCISE ANSWER KEY AND FEEDBACK

Item

Correct Answer and Feedback

1.

C.

Nullify th t he missiles.

ef effectiveness

of of

at a ttack

by by

ai a ircraft

an a nd

Page 1-1, INTRODUCTION. 2.

C. Page 1-2, Figure 1-1.

3.

A. Page 1-2, Figure 1-1.

4.

E. Page 1-2, Figure 1-1.

5.

B. Page 1-2, Figure 1-1.

6.

D.

All of the above.

Page 1-3, para 11b. 7.

C.

Provide medium division.

and

high

al a ltitude

coverag e

ov o ver

the


D.

Both A and B.

Page 1-6, para 1a (2)(a). 9.

A.

All types of terrain.

Page 1-8, para 1c. 10.

B.

An ADA brigade.

Page 1-9, para 2b. 1-15

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1-16

LESSON 2

THE ORGANIZATION OF A PATRIOT BATTALION Critical Task:

441-084-1131

OVERVIEW

LESSON DESCRIPTION In this this less lesson on you you will will lear learn n equipment in a Patriot battalion.

the the

orga organi niza zati tion onal al

elem elemen ents ts

and and

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE: ACTION :

You wi will id identify an and de describe th the or organization of of a Patriot battalion.

CONDIT ION:


STANDA RD:



The The mat mater eria ial l con conta tain ined ed in this this less lesson on was was der deriv ived ed from from the following publications: FM 44-85, FM 44-85-1, and FM 44-100 (HTF).

and

INTRODUCTION

This lesson lesson describes describes the structure structure of a Patriot Patriot battalio battalion. n. It will cover the organizationa organizational l elements elements and equipment within the battalion. The emphasis of this lesson is on the key features of the headqua headquarte rters rs and headqu headquart arters ers batter battery y (HHB) (HHB) and its organi organizat zation ional al functio functions. ns. The batta battalio lion n provide provides s command command and and control control of batte battery ry asse assets, ts, admi admini nist stra rati tive, ve, inte intell llige igenc nce, e, logi logist stic ical al and and opera operati tion onal al support support to accom accompli plish sh the missio mission. n. The action actions s taken taken at battalio battalion n cue cue and prompt prompt the firing firing batt batter erie ies s to acti activa vate te. . The The proces process s of acti activa vati tion on incl includ udes es all all orga organi niza zati tion onal al elem elemen ents ts and and func functi tion ons s associated with each element and brings all equipment to ready status.

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LEARNING EVENT: Battalion 1.

Describe the Organization and Equipment of a Patriot

GENE GENERA RAL. L. The The Patr Patrio iot t bat batta tali lion on (Fig (Figur ure e 2-1 2-1) ) is is org organ aniz ized ed with with an HHB and up to six firing batteries.

Figure 2-1. 2.

Patriot battalion organization

PATR PATRIO IOT T BATT BATTAL ALIO ION N ORGA ORGANI NIZA ZATI TION ON. . a. The The Patr Patrio iot t batt battali alion on HHB is organiz organized ed as and has the following sections.

Figure 2-2.

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illus illustr trat ated ed below below

Patriot battalion organization

2-2

b. The battalion headquarter s section provides command operational support as well as administrative and logistical support for the battalion. (1) The comman command d section section is composed composed of the batt battali alion on command commander, er, exec execut utiv ive e offi office cer, r, and and coor coordi dina nati ting ng and and spec specia ial l staf staff f officers. (2) The S1 section handles all matters concerning human resour resources ces. . The S1 will will monit monitor or and asse assess ss those those elemen elements ts of personnel administration administration and management management which affect the individual individual soldier's soldier's human potential potential and commitment. commitment. The S1 has primar primary y coordin coordinati ating ng staff staff respon responsib sibili ility ty for unit unit strength maintenance, personnel servic e support, discipline, law and order, civilian personnel, admi admini nist stra rati tive ve supp suppor ort t for for othe other r pers person onne nel, l, safe safety ty and and accident prevention, and battalion headquarters management. (3) The S2/S3 section performs stand andard intelligence and operat operation ions s functio functions. ns. In additi addition, on, the the S2/S3 S2/S3 section section is is resp respon onsi sibl ble e for for prov provid idin ing g init initia iali liza zati tion on data data for for the the battal battalion ion. . The S3 S3 also supe supervi rvises ses the the system system evalua evaluatio tion n team. (4) The fire distribution section (FDS) contains the info inform rmat atio ion n and and coor coordi dina nati tion on cent centra ral l (ICC (ICC) ) which which is the the battalion battalion fire fire direction direction center (FDC). It exercises exercises direct cont contro rol l and and supe superv rvis isio ion n of the firin firing g batt batter erie ies. s. The The batt battal alio ion n FDC FDC also also inte interf rface aces s with with brig brigad ade e and and adja adjace cent nt battalion FDCs. (5) The communicat cations platoon is made up of the head headqu quar arte ters rs, , a comm commun unic icat atio ions ns cent center er sect sectio ion, n, communications relay section.

platoon and and a

(a) (a) The The comm commun unic icat atio ions ns cent center er sect sectio ion n is resp respon onsi sibl ble e for for battalion battalion wire communications communications operations, operations, and operation operation and maintenance of the radio teletypewriter set. It also hand handle les s admi admini nist stra rati tion on of comm commun unic icat atio ions ns secu securi rity ty material material and organizationa organizational l maintenance maintenance of headquarters headquarters and headquarters battery communications equipment.

2-3

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(b) Th e communications relay section contains four communication communications s relay relay groups (CRGs). (CRGs). These CRGs provide UHF (voice and data) and VHF communications to units not havi having ng line line-o -off-si sigh ght t with with the the batt battal alio ion n FDC FDC and and to batteries deployed at extended ranges. (6) The medical medical sectio section n provides provides battali battalion on medical medical services services to include emergency medical treatment, operation of the aid station, evacuation of patients, and medics for the firing batteries. (7) (7) The The S4 sectio section n is respon responsi sibl ble e for for miss missil ile e resu resupp pply ly of the the Patr Patrio iot t firin firing g batter batterie ies. s. This This sect sectio ion n has six six guide guided d missil missile e transp transport orters ers for missile missile resuppl resupply y and reload reloading ing. . The The S4 sect sectio ion n also also prov provid ides es orga organi niza zati tion onal al main mainte tena nanc nce e supp suppor ort t for for the the batt battal alio ion' n's s quar quarte term rmas aste ter r and and chem chemic ical al equipment. (8) The survey survey sectio section n is respon responsib sible le for providi providing ng survey survey data to the firing batteries for the emplacement of radar sets (RS) and launching stations (LS). c. The The head headqu quar arte ters rs batt batter ery y prov provid ides es supp suppor ort t to the the batt battal alio ion n head headqu quar arte ters rs. . This This inclu include des s food food servi service ce, , unit unit suppl supply, y, refu refuel elin ing, g, and and orga organi niza zati tion onal al main mainte tena nanc nce e supp suppor ort t for for vehicles, power generators, and engineer missile equipment. (1) The battery headquarters is composed of the command element, element, the unit supply element, and the unit food service element. (2) (2) The The moto motor r main mainte tena nanc nce e sect sectio ion n prov provid ides es orga organi niza zati tion onal al mainte maintenan nance ce for all headqu headquart arters ers and headqu headquart arters ers batter battery y vehicles, power generation equipment, and air conditioners.

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2-4

3.

PATRIOT BATTALION EQUIPMENT. Major end items of Patriot peculiar equipment (Figure 2-3) at the battalion level include the ICC (item 1), the electric power unit (EPU) (item 2), the CRG (item (item 3), and the the antenna antenna mast mast group group (ANG) (ANG) (item (item 4). These end items work together to assist the fire units as they detect, acqui acquire re, , iden identi tify fy, , trac track, k, engag engage, e, and and dest destro roy y the the enem enemy y air air threat.

Figure 2-3.

Patriot battalion equipment

2-5

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a. The The ICC ICC (Fig (Figur ure e 2-4) 2-4) func functi tion ons s as the the oper operat atio iona nal l cont contro rol l center center for for Patriot Patriot battal battalion ion air air defense defense opera operatio tions. ns. Those Those oper operat ation ions s incl includ ude e batt battal alion ion init initia iali liza zatio tion, n, comma command nd and and coor coordi dina nati tion on, , trac track k mana manage geme ment nt, , disp displa lay y and and cont contro rols ls, , comm commun unica icati tion ons s cont contro rol, l, and statu status s moni monito tori ring ng. . Thes These e air air defense functions are performed under the control of computer softwa software re loaded loaded into into the command command and coordi coordinat nation ion compute computer r (CCC).

Figure 2-4.

Information and coordination central (ICC)

b. The The CRG CRG (Figur (Figure e 2-5) exten extends ds the range range of the secure secure multi multirouted UHF network by functioning as a link node relay station between each firing battery engagement control station (ECS) and and the the ICC, ICC, betw betwee een n othe other r adja adjace cent nt batt battal alio ion n ICCs ICCs, , and and between the ICC and higher echelons.

Figure 2-5.

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Communications relay group (CRG)

2-6

c. The The AMG AMG (Fig (Figur ure e 2-6) 2-6) provi provide des s ante antenn nna/ a/am ampl plif ifie ier r syst system ems s for for use with the UHF communications equipment located in the ICC, CRG, CRG, and and ECS. ECS. The The AMG AMG is depl deploy oyed ed to over overco come me terr terrai ain n obst obstac acle les s and and to incr increa ease se the the rang range e of tran transm smis issi sion on and and reception of UHF data and voice communication.

Figure 2-6.

Antenna mast group (AMG)

d. The The EPU (Figure (Figure 2-7) 2-7) is the prima primary ry power power sourc source e for the ICC or CRG alon along g with with its assoc associat iated ed AMG. AMG. The EPU EPU has a singl single e diesel diesel engine engine driven driven genera generator tor which which suppli supplies es 120/20 120/208 8 volts volts alte altern rnat atin ing g curr curren ent t (VAC (VAC) ) at 400 400 hert hertz z (HZ) (HZ), , with with a load load capacity of 30 kilowatts (KW).

Figure 2-7.

Electric power unit (EPU)

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4.

SUMMA SUMMARY RY. . This This less lesson on provi provide ded d the the orga organi niza zati tion on and and equi equipm pmen ent t of the Patriot Patriot battali battalion. on. You learned learned the different different sections sections that that make up an HHB. You also learned the Patriot peculiar equipment located at the battalion level.

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2-8



How How many many comm commun unic icat atio ions ns cente center r sect sectio ions ns does does the the comm commun unic icat atio ions ns platoon have? A. B. C. D.

2.

Which section of the HHB is responsible initialization data for the battalion? A. B. C. D.

3.

providing

of

the

the

provides

for

the

support

that

controls

battalion

Firing batteries. Headquarters ba b attery. S1 section. S2/S3 se section.

Select the section. A. B. C. D.

for

S1. S2/S3. S4. FDC.

Which elemen t headquarters? A. B. C. D.

4.

One. Two. Three. Four.

HHB

element

the

motor

maintenance

Battery he headquarters. Headquarters ba b attery. Headquarters and and hea headquarters. S2/S3.

2-9

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2-10

5.

Whic Which h item item of of equi equipm pmen ent t serv serves es as as a link link nod node e rela relay y stat statio ion n for for higher echelons? A. B. C. D.

6.

ICC. CRG. AMG. EPU.

What What is the the load load capa capaci city ty of the the EPU? EPU? A. B. C. D.

150 KW. 60 KW. 30 KW. 15 KW.

2-11

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2-12


Item


1.

A.

One.

Page 2-3, para 2b (5)(a). 2.

B.

S2/S3.

Page 2-3, para 2b (3). 3.

B.

Headquarters battery.

Page 2-4, para 2c. 4.

B.

Headquarters battery.

Page 2-4, para 2c (2). 5.

B.

CRG.


C.

30 KW.

Page 2-7, para 3d.

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2-14

LESSON 3

THE ORGANIZATION OF A PATRIOT FIRING BATTERY (FB) OVERVIEW

LESSON DESCRIPTION: In this lesson you will learn the organization and equipment of a Patriot firing battery. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE: ACTION :

You wi will id identify an and de describe th the or organization of of a Patriot firing battery.

CONDIT ION:


STANDA RD:



The The mat mater eria ial l con conta tain ined ed in this this less lesson on was was der deriv ived ed from from the following publications: FM 44-85, FM 44-85-1, and FM 44-100 (HTF).

and

INTRODUCTION

This This lesson lesson descri describes bes the organi organizat zation ion and equipm equipment ent of a Patrio Patriot t firi firing ng batte battery ry (FB) (FB). . The The emphas emphasis is of this this lesso lesson n is on the key key feature features s of the FB and its organ organiza izatio tional nal functi functions. ons. Under Under normal normal circumstances, the FB is under the control of the battalion FDC ICC. In this this cent centra rali lize zed d mode mode of oper operat atio ion, n, the the ICC ICC rece receiv ives es targ target et engagem engagement ent assignm assignment ents s from higher echelo echelons ns and sends sends them them to the batt battery ery fire fire cont contro rol l sect sectio ion. n. Addi Additi tion onal ally, ly, the batte battery ry is also also capable of operating operating under under the decentr decentralized alized or or autonomous autonomous mode. mode. The FB operat operates es decent decentral ralized ized when the battal battalion ion ICC has obtain obtained ed the auth authori ority ty to make direc direct t targ target et engag engagem emen ent t assign assignme ment nts. s. In the autonomous mode, the FB has lost all communications and must operate independently.

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LEARNING EVENT: Describe the Organization and Equipment of a Patriot Firing Battery (FB) 1.

GENERAL. The Pat Patriot FB (F (Figure 3-1 3-1) is or organized batte battery ry head headqu quar arte ters rs, , a main mainten tenan ance ce plat platoo oon, n, a fire fire platoon, and a launcher platoon.

Figure 3-1. 2.

wit with a cont control rol

Patriot firing battery organization

PATR PATRIO IOT T FIR FIRIN ING G BAT BATTE TERY RY ORGA ORGANI NIZA ZATI TION ON. . a. The battery battery headquart headquarters ers provides provides command command operatio operational nal support support as well as administrative and logistical support for the FB. It has a command element, a supply element, and a food service element.

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3-2

b. The maintenance platoon is organized headqu headquarte arters, rs, a commun communica ication tions s sectio section, n, a section, and a system maintenance section.

with motor motor

a pl atoon mainte maintenan nance ce

(1) The maintenance platoon headquarter s ensures th e responsive, responsive, coordinated coordinated organizationa organizational l maintenance maintenance support support for all organic equipment within the FB. (2) The communi communicat cation ions s section section is respon responsibl sible e for supportin supporting g FB wire communications and performing o rganizational maintenance on field communications equipment. (3) (3) The The moto motor r main mainte tena nanc nce e sect sectio ion n perf perfor orms ms orga organi niza zati tion onal al maintenance on all vehicles and power generation equipment with within in the the FB. It also also prov provid ides es for for vehic vehicle le reco recove very ry, , refu refuel elin ing g oper operat atio ions ns, , and and upke upkeep ep of the the pres prescr crib ibed ed load load list (PLL) for non-Patriot system repair parts within the FB. (4) The system system maintena maintenance nce section section performs performs all organiza organizatio tional nal maintenance on the major FB items of equipment and intermediate intermediate maintenance maintenance on all special test and diagnostic equipment. c. The fir e control platoon is organized with a platoon headqu headquarte arters rs and a fire fire contr control ol sectio section. n. The fire fire contro control l section contains all of the Patriot peculiar equipment within the fire control platoon. d. The launche launcher r platoon platoon contains contains a platoon platoon headquar headquarter ters s and four launcher launcher sections. sections. Each section section has two two LSs manned by three three crew members members. . An additiona additional l duty duty of the launcher launcher platoon is to man a Stinger team for the self-defense of the FB.

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3.

PATRIOT FIR FIRING BAT BATTERY EQU EQUIPMENT. Major ite items of Pat Patriot peculiar equipment (Figure 3-2) at the FB include the LS (item 1), the ECS (item 2), the AMG (item 3), the EPP (item 4), and the RS (item 5).

Figure 3-2.

Patriot firing battery equipment

a. The The LS (Fig (Figur ure e 3-3) is a mobil mobile e unit used used to tran transp spor ort, t, aim, aim, and and laun launch ch the Patri Patriot ot guide guided d miss missil ile e (GM) (GM). . The The heav heavy y expand expanded ed mobilit mobility y tactic tactical al truck truck (HEMTT (HEMTT) ) is the prime prime mover mover for the the LS. LS. The LS LS is a remote remotely ly operat operated, ed, self self-co -conta ntaine ined d unit. Power is provided by an on-board 15-KW generator. Each LS can rotate in azimuth and elevate to fixed firing angles. It receives, receives, decodes, decodes, and executes executes commands commands from the the ECS. ECS. It also also repo report rts s LS and and miss missil ile e stat status us repo report rts s as well well as the results of recently directed actions to the ECS.

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3-4

Figure 3-3.

Launching station (LS) with HEMTT

b. The The GM (Fig (Figur ure e 3-4, 3-4, item item 1) is a cert certif ifie ied d roun round d cont contai aine ned d with within in a cani canist ster er (ite (item m 2). 2). The The cani canist ster er is used used as a ship shippi ping ng cont contai ainer ner and and a launc launchi hing ng tube tube for for GM aimin aiming g and and firi firing ng. . The The guided guided missi missile le trans transpo port rter er (GMT) (GMT) is used used to transport, load, and unload GMs.

Figure 3-4.

Guided missile canister (GMC)

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c. The The ECS ECS (Fig (Figur ure e 3-5) 3-5) func functi tion ons s as the the oper operat atio iona nal l cont contro rol l center for the the Patriot Patriot FB. It performs performs the basic basic air defense defense tasks either under the direct control of the ICC or independently independently. . The ECS ECS is the the only only piece piece of equipme equipment nt manned manned during the AirLand Battle.

Figure 3-5.

Engagement control station (ECS)

d. The The AMG AMG (Fig (Figur ure e 2-6, 2-6, page page 2-7) 2-7) prov provid ides es ante antenn nna/ a/am ampl plif ifie ier r systems for use with the UHF communications equipment located in the ECS. The AMG is deployed to overcome terrain obstacles and to increase the range of transmission and reception of UHF data and voice communications. e. The The EPP (Figur (Figure e 3-6) is the prime prime power power sourc source e for the ECS, ECS, the the RS, and the the AMG. AMG. It has has two gas gas turbin turbine e engin engine e drive driven n generators. generators. Each generator generator supplies supplies 120/208 120/208 VAC, VAC, at 400 HZ, HZ, three phase (PH), with a load capacity of 150 KW per generator.

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3-6

Figure 3-6.

Electric power plant (EPP)

f. The The RS (Figur (Figure e 3-7) 3-7) is a mult multii-fu func nctio tion n phase phasedd-ar arra ray y rada radar, r, controlled and monitored by the ECS weapons control computer (WCC (WCC) ) thro throug ugh h an arra array y of compu compute ter r proce process ssor ors s in the the rada radar r functional groups. The HEMTT is the prime mover for the RS.

Figure 3-7.

Radar set (RS) with HEMTT

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4.

SUMM SUMMAR ARY. Y. This This less lesson on prov provid ided ed you you wit with h the the orga organi niza zati tion on and and equipment equipment of the the Patriot Patriot FB. FB. You learned learned the the different different sections sections that that make make up a FB. FB. You You also also lear learne ned d the the Patri Patriot ot pecu peculi liar ar equipment which is located at the battery level.

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3-8



Where Where doe does s the the ICC ICC rece receiv ive e targ target et eng engag agem emen ent t assi assign gnmen ments ts fro from? m? A. B. C. D.

2.

When When will will an FB oper operat ate e dec decen entr tral aliz ized ed? ? A. B. C. D.

3.

When the ADA brigade has the autho thority to direct target assignments. When the corps has the authority to direct target assignments. When the battalion has the authority to direct target assignments. When When the the FB FB has has the the aut autho hori rity ty to dire direct ct targ target et assi assign gnme ment nts. s.

Whic Which h elem elemen ent t of an an FB has has the the res resou ourc rces es to to repa repair ir spe speci cial al tes test t equipment? A. B. C. D.

4.

Higher echelons. Adjacent battalions. Fire units. Fire di direction ce center.

The The The The

fire control platoon. maintenance platoon. ba battery he headquarters. launcher platoon.

Which Which elem elemen ent t of of an an FB FB has has the the res resour ource ces s to to rep repai air r a radi radio? o? A. B. C. D.

System maintenance. Motor maintenance. Fire control. Communication s.

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3-10

5.

Whi Which major jor item of equipment is launch the Patriot guided missile? A. B. C. D.

6.

to

transport ort,

aim,

and

Guided missile transporter. Launching station. Pelletized load oading system. Launching stat stati ion tra transporter.

Sele Select ct the the corre correct ct volt voltag age, e, phas phase, e, and and hertz hertz whic which h is supp suppli lied ed by the EPP to the ECS and RS. A. B. C. D.

7.

used

120/208 120/208 120/208 220/440

VAC, VA VAC, VA VAC, VA VAC,

at at at at at at at

60 HZ, 3 PH. 40 400 HZ HZ, 1 PH. 40 400 HZ HZ, 3 PH. 40 400 HZ HZ, 3 PH.

Sele Select ct the the cor corre rect ct des descr crip ipti tion on of the the Pat Patri riot ot RS. RS. A. B. C. D.

Mult Multii-fu func ncti tion on sca scann nned ed-a -arr rray ay rada radar. r. Mult Multii-fu func ncti tion on phas phased ed-a -arr rray ay rada radar. r. Mult Multii-fr freq eque uenc ncy y scan scanne nedd-ar arra ray y rada radar. r. Mult Multii-fr freq eque uenc ncy y pha phase sedd-ar arra ray y rada radar. r.

3-11

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3-12


Item


1.

A.

Higher echelons.


C.

When the battalion has the authority to direct target assignments.


B.

The maintenance platoon.

Page 3-3, para 2b (4). 4.

D.

Communic ations.

Page 3-3, para 2b (2). 5.

B.

Launchin g station.

Page 3-4, para 3a. 6.

C.

120/208 VAC, at 400 HZ, 3 PH.

Page 3-6, para 3e. 7.

B.

Multi-function phased-array radar.

Page 3-7, para 3f.

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3-14

LESSON 4

PATRIOT OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS OVERVIEW

LESSON DESCRIPTION In this this less lesson on Patriot unit.

you you

will will

lear learn n

the the

oper operat atio iona nal l

requ requir irem emen ents ts

of

a

ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVES: ACTION :

You will identify and describe requirements of a Patriot unit.

the

operational

CONDIT ION:


STANDA RD:



The The mat mater eria ial l con conta tain ined ed in this this less lesson on was was der deriv ived ed from from TM 9-1425-600-12.

and

INTRODUCTION

A Patriot unit has a dynamic schedule when deployed in a tactical environment. environment. Many requirements requirements occur during the tactical tactical operation operation of a Patriot unit. A better understanding of these requirements will make make you you a bett better er air defe defens nse e sold soldie ier. r. It will will enab enable le you you to comprehend the operational needs within your unit. LEARNING LEARNING EVENT: EVENT: Unit

Describe Describe the Operational Operational Require Requirements ments of a Patriot Patriot

1.

GENERAL. This lea learning eve event wil will dis discuss two two operations: system mobility and system emplacement.

2.

SYS SYSTEM MOB MOBILITY. Mobility is th the key key fac factor in th the Pat Patr riot system' system's s effectiv effectivene eness ss and survi survivab vabili ility. ty. Change Changes s in threat, threat, tac tactics, or equipment status may may require movement on an unsch unsched edul uled ed basis basis. . Syst System em mobil mobilit ity y perm permit its s redepl redeploy oymen ment t of individ individual ual FBs to fill fill gaps gaps caused caused by equipme equipment nt malfun malfuncti ctions ons, , helps conceal a unit's location, and makes it

4-1

are areas

of

FB FB

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difficult for the enemy to find undefended avenues of attack. To provide the necessary mobility, the Patriot FB must be able to marc march h orde order, r, empl emplac ace, e, and and achi achiev eve e syst system em effe effect ctiv iven enes ess s in a minimum amount of time without disturbing other units remaining in operation. a. Moveme Movement nt of a Patriot Patriot unit must must be coordinat coordinated ed with super superior ior, , subo subord rdina inate te, , and and adjace adjacent nt units units. . Full Full coordi coordina nati tion on among among vehicles accompanying the move will ensure the system can be restor restored ed to oper operati ation on in the the minim minimum um amoun amount t of time. time. This This coordi coordinati nation on entails entails vehicle vehicle placeme placement, nt, by type, type, within within the convoy. convoy. For example, example, place the LSs LSs in the the front front of a convoy so they can enter the new tactical site and travel to the LS emplac emplacemen ement t area area withou without t stoppin stopping g to maneuv maneuver er around around other other vehicles already parked. Use the VHF voice network within the unit for coordination of roadmarch directives, and to control vehicle movement during march order and emplacement. b. Patrio Patriot t unit mobility mobility procedu procedures res occur occur in four phases phases (Figure (Figure 4-1}.

Figure 4-1.

Patriot system mobility phases

(1) The march march order order phase phase begins begins upon upon the the receipt receipt of a comman command d and includes all actions needed to shut down equipment and prepare for travel. (2) (2) The The road roadma marc rch h phas phase e begi begins ns with with the the comm comman and d to move move out. out. This phase includes travel to the new tactical site. AD0415

4-2

(3) (3) The The empla emplace ceme ment nt phase phase acti activit vitie ies s incl include ude posi positi tioni oning ng the the vehi vehicl cles es, , sett settin ing g up mech mechan anic ical al devi device ces s (out (outri rigg gger ers, s, antennas, antennas, cables, etc.), and applying applying electrical electrical power from the EPP to the shelters. (4) The initial initializa izatio tion n phase activi activities ties bring bring the unit unit to full operational status. Typical initialization tasks are: (a) Synchro Synchroniz nizati ation on of data data links. links. (b) Measure Measuremen ment t of vehicle vehicle attitu attitude. de. (c) Develop Developmen ment t of radar maps maps of the horizon horizon and determi determinin ning g continuous wave (CW) clutter and terrain mapping. (d) Loading of assigned assigned data base and tactical tactical software. software. c. The The Patr Patrio iot t batt battle lefi fiel eld d day day oper operat atio iona nal l cycl cycle e (Fig (Figur ure e 4-2) 4-2) consist s of operations, march order, roadmarch, and emplac emplacemen ement t all which which take take place place in a 24-hou 24-hour r period. period. This This series of oper perations require plannin ning, training, and coordination in order to move efficiently to a new location and quickly quickly resume resume operational operational status. For example, example, a highly highly trai traine ned d and and moti motiva vated ted Patr Patrio iot t unit unit can can beco become me oper operat atio iona nal l within 30 minutes after arriving at the new tactical site.

Figure 4-2.

Battlefield day operational cycle

4-3

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(1) To initiate a tactical move of a Patriot unit, the battalion battalion command element will issue a warning order to the unit which which is scheduled scheduled to move. This warning warning order should contain the following information: (a) (a) Prima Primary ry and alter alterna nate te site locati location ons s for for the the next next move move. . These These locatio locations ns are normall normally y chosen chosen by map inspec inspectio tion, n, based based on know knowled ledge ge of tact tactica ical l requ requir irem emen ents ts and and site site selection criteria. (b) Primary Primary and and secondar secondary y target target lines lines for each each FB. (c) Probabl Probable e time time of the impe impendi nding ng march march order order. . (d) (d) Prior Priorit ity y of FB FB movem movemen ent. t. (e) Battali Battalionon-lev level el logistic logistics s support support for the site selectio selection n and and prepa prepara rati tion on. . For For exam exampl ple, e, the the posi positi tion onin ing g and azimuth determining system (PADS) team. (2) Upon Upon receipt receipt of a warning warning order order, , the FB should should organi organize ze its reso resour urce ces s for the impe impendi nding ng move move. . The The reconn reconnai aiss ssan ance, ce, sele select ctio ion, n, and and occup occupat atio ion n of posi positi tion on (RSO (RSOP) P) team team will will gather at the unit command post and receive directions directions from their unit commander. 3.

EMP EMPLACEMENT. When th the FB FB ar arrives at at th the ne new si site, pa park th t he vehicle vehicles s over over their their designa designated ted positio positions, ns, offloa offload d and connect connect cables and start start generat generators ors so prime power can be be applied. applied. To ready the FB for combat, three basic functions are carried out. a. During During mechani mechanical cal setup, setup, vehicle vehicle outrigg outriggers ers (Figure (Figure 4-3, item item 2) are extended, communication antennas (item 1) are erected, and and air flow flow vent vents s are open opened. ed. When When prim prime e power power beco become mes s available after equipment activation, the radar antenna group (item 4) and launching station platform (item 3) are raised and trained to operating position.

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4-4

Figure 4-3.

Patriot system emplacement

b. Star Startu tup p of the EPP EPP (ite (item m 5) is the the key key task task of equi equipm pmen ent t activation. When the EPP is running with prime power applied, the the envi environ ronme ment ntal al cont contro rol l equip equipme ment nt is turn turned ed on, on, and and the the electrical operability of the equipment can be verified. c. Initializatio Initialization n brings brings the FB FB to operatio operational nal status, status, capable capable of performing performing its air defense defense mission. mission. Initializatio Initialization n includes includes the following subfunctions: (1) Determ Determini ining ng vehicle vehicle attitu attitude de and positio positionin ning. g. (2) Checki Checking ng out equipme equipment nt function functional al interfa interfaces ces. . (3) Establ Establish ishing ing commun communica icatio tions. ns. (4) Develo Developin ping g radar radar horizo horizon n maps maps. . (5) Determ Determini ining ng clutte clutter r and terra terrain in maskin masking. g. (6) Loading Loading assigned assigned data base and tactica tactical l software. software.

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4.

EMPLACEMENT PROCEDURES. a. Detailed Detailed emplacemen emplacement t procedures procedures for each each major major end item in in the Patriot system are contained in the basic TM for that item. Table 4-1 is a complete list of Patriot major end items and the applicable TM used for emplacement. Table 4-1.

Major item TM

b. Cable Cable lengths lengths determi determine ne the maximum maximum separat separation ion betwee between n major equipment equipment items items in each each FB. FB. Maximum straight-lin straight-line e distances distances between connectors must be less than cable length to provide slack to lay cables on the ground and to ensure cables can be connected at each end. During roadmarch, all power cables and the signal cable remain attached to their EPP connectors. The radar radar weapons weapons contro control l interf interface ace unit unit (RWCIU (RWCIU) ) cable cable remains remains atta attach ched ed to its ECS ECS conne connect ctor or. . Table Table 4-2 4-2 is a list list of the the syst system em cabl cables es with with the the maxi maximu mum m allow allowab able le dista distanc nce e betw betwee een n vehicles. Table 4-2.

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Maximum distances of cables

4-6

(1) Genera Generator tors, s, test equipm equipment, ent, and and other major major items items should should be located located in lower elevation elevation areas to avoid masking masking the radar by obscuring the radar's line-of-sight (LOS). (2) (2) Wher Wherev ever er poss possib ible le, , equip equipme ment nt shou should ld be conn connec ected ted so that that the equipm equipment ent's 's enviro environme nmenta ntal l contro control l fans, fans, which which produc produce e the highest level of CW clutter, are not facing the radar. Equipment fans which cannot be put out of the LOS of the rada radar r shou should ld be dug dug in or sand sandba bagg gged ed to redu reduce ce the the CW clutter. 5.

INIT INITIA IALI LIZA ZATI TION ON PROC PROCED EDUR URES ES. . To adap adapt t an FB to its its new new tact tactic ical al site, site, and and to enab enable le the the autom automat atic ic proce process sses es requi require red d for the the inten intende ded d FB missi mission on and and prev prevai ailin ling g oper operat atio iona nal l cons constr trai aint nts, s, various initialization actions are performed by ECS operators. Initial Initializa izatio tion n actions actions are are listed listed in Table Table 4-3. 4-3. For detai detailed led information about these procedures, refer to TM 9-1430-600-10-1. Table 4-3.

Initialization actions

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6.

SUMMA SUMMARY RY. . This This less lesson on instr instruc ucte ted d the the opera operati tion onal al requ requir irem emen ents ts of a Patriot Patriot unit. unit. You learn learned ed about about the Patri Patriot ot system system's 's three three phas phases es of mobi mobili lity ty and and why why mobi mobili lity ty of a Patr Patrio iot t unit unit is necessa necessary. ry. You learn learned ed about about the battl battlefi efield eld day day operati operationa onal l cycle and about the emplacement of an FB and the three basic functions that must be carried out to complete an emplacement. Final Finally ly, , you lear learned ned abou about t the the sequ sequen ence ce of event events s whic which h take take place during initialization.

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4-8



What What is is the the key key fact factor or in in the the Patri Patriot ot syst system em's 's eff effec ecti tive vene ness ss and and survivability? A. B. C. D.

2.

What should directives? A. B. C. D.

3.

voice voice voice voice

use

within

a

unit

to

coordinate

roadmarch

net work. net work. net work. net work.

Roadmarch. March order. Convoy. Emplacement.

Who Who is is res respo pons nsib ible le for for init initia iati ting ng a tact tactic ical al move move? ? A. B. C. D.

5.

ULF UHF VLF VHF

you

Which Which phas phase e of of mobi mobili lity ty begi begins ns with with the the com comma mand nd to move move out out? ? A. B. C. D.

4.

Terrain mapping. Emplacement. Mobility. Initializatio n.

Brigade command. Battalion command. Battery command. ECS op operators.

What What acti action on sho shoul uld d an FB per perfo form rm upon upon rece receip ipt t of a warn warnin ing g orde order? r? A. B. C. D.

March or order it its eq equipment. Send out the RSOP team. Organize its resources. De-energize the system. 4-9

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4-10

6.

Which Which basi basic c fun funct ction ion of empl emplac acem emen ent t is is per perfo form rmed ed first first? ? A. B. C. D.

7.

What What is the the key key task task of equi equipm pmen ent t act activ ivat atio ion? n? A. B. C. D.

8.

up up up up

of of of of

the the the the

RS. EPP. ECS. AMG.

Dete Determ rmin inin ing g vehi vehicl cle e att attit itud ude e and and pos posit itio ioni ning ng. . Establishing com communications. Dete Determ rmin inin ing g clut clutte ter r and and terr terrai ain n mask maskin ing. g. Load Loadin ing g assi assign gned ed dat data a base base and and tac tacti tica cal l soft softwa ware re. .

You You must must empl emplac ace e the the EPU. EPU. A. B. C. D.

10.

Start Start Start Start

What What is the the las last t sub subfu func ncti tion on of init initia iali liza zati tion on? ? A. B. C. D.

9.

Radar ma mapping. Initializatio n. Equipment ac activation. Mechanical setup.

TM TM TM TM

Whic Which h TM shou should ld you you use? use?

5-6115-600 -14&P. 5-6115-602 -14&P. 5-6115-247 -14&P. 5-6115-697 -14&P.

To adapt an FB to its new tactical site and to enable the autom automat atic ic proc process esses es requ requir ired ed for for the the inten intende ded d FB missi mission on and and prevailing operational constraints, what various actions should you perform? A. B. C. D.

Emplacement. Initializatio n. Alignment and orientation. Synchronizati on.

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4-12

LESSON 4 PRACTICE EXERCISE ANSWER KEY FEEDBACK

Item


1.

C.

Mobility .

Page 4-1, para 2. 2.

D.

VHF voice network.


A.

Roadmarc h.

Page 4-2, para 2b (2). 4.

B.

Battalio n command.

Page 4-4, para 2c (1). 5.

C.

Organize its resources.

Page 4-4, para 2c (2). 6.

D.

Mechanical setup.


B.

Start up of the EPP.


D.

Loading assigned data base and tactical software.

Page 4-5, para 3c (6). 9.

C.

TM 9-6115-247-14&P.

Page 4-6, para 4a, Table 4-1. 10.

B.

Initiali zation.

Page 4-7, para 5.

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4-14

ad0415a INTRODUCTION TO THE PATRIOT AIR DEFENSE MISSLE SYSTEM

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