201 EXERCISES: 2.57, 2.58, 2.63,
Μάθημα: ΔΙΟΙΚΗΤΙΚΗ ΛΟΓΙΣΤΙΚΗ Μεταπτυχιακοί Φοιτητέ: Θεοδωρακόπουλος Παναγιώτης Καλοκάσης Ευάγγελος Κοτρωνιά Ζωή Μπουρούνη Ελένη
Δι!ά"κου"α: κ ! Κοέν
1
Exercise "#$ The following data refer to Fresno Fashions Company for the year 20X2: Sales revenue "or#inpro%ess inventory& 'e%em(er )* "or#inpro%ess inventory& +anuary * Selling and administrative e,penses -n%ome ta, e,pense /ur%hases of raw materials awmaterial inventory& 'e%em(er )* awmaterial inventory& +anuary * 'ire%t la(or 1tilities: plant 'epre%iation: plant and euipment Finishedgoods inventory& 'e%em(er )* Finished goods inventory& +anuary * -ndire%t material -ndire%t la(or ther manufa%turing overhead
$ 94!000 )0!000 40!000 *4!000 .0!000 *.0!000 2!000 40!000 200!000 40!000 30!000 0!000 20!000 **!000 *3!000 53!000
euired: a! /repare Fresno Fashion6s s%hedule of %ost of goods manufa%tured for the year! (! /repare Fresno Fashion6s s%hedule of %ost of goods sold for the year! %! /repare Fresno Fashion6s in%ome statement for the year! d! 7uild and 8,%el spreadsheet to %omplete reuirements a through %! Solution
a. Schedule of cost of goods manufactured for the year Beginning work-in-process inventory, January 1 aw materials inventory, January 1 ! "urchases of raw materials aw materials availa$le for use - aw materials inventory, &ecem$er '1 )otal direct material costs &irect la$or +anufacturing overhead tilities "lant ! &epreciation plant and euipment ! ndirect material ! ndirect la$or ther manufa%turing overhead Total manufa%turing overhead
40.000 40.000 ! 1#0.000 %%0.000 - %(.000 1*(.000 %00.000 40.000 /0.000 11.000 1/.000 5.!000 20!000
"
Total manufa%turing %osts for the year "or#inpro%ess inventory& +anuary * 8nding wor#inpro%ess inventory& 'e%em(er )* Cost of goods manufa%tured for the year
300!000 40!000 )0!000 3*0!000
$. Schedule of cost of goods sold for the year Finished goods inventory& +anuary * Cost of goods manufa%tured during the year Finished goods availa(le for sale Finished goods inventory& 'e%em(er )* Cost of goods sold for the year
20!000 3*0!000 3)0!000 0!000 .0!000
c. resno ashion2s income statement Fresno Fashion -n%ome statement For the year ended 'e%em(er )* Sales revenue Cost of goods sold ross margin Selling and administrative e,penses perating profit
94!000 .0!000 )3!000 *4!000 220!000
;et in%ome (efore ta,es -n%ome ta, e,pense ;et in%ome after ta,es
220!000 .0!000 *40!000
%
Exercise "#& Sa%ramento 8le%troni%s Corporation in%urred the following %osts during 20X*! The %ompany sold all of its produ%ts manufa%tured during the year! 'ire%t material 'ire%t la(or
'epre%iation on plant and euipment -nsuran%e Supervisory salaries /roperty ta,es Selling %osts: ?dvertising Sales %ommissions ?dministrative %osts: Salaries of top management and staff ffi%e supplies 'epre%iation on (uilding and euipment
2!900!000 *!90!000 *40!000 2)0!000 *0!000 )00!000 220!000 *9!000 90!000 )39!000 40!000 5!000
'uring the 20X*& the %ompany operated at a(out half of its %apa%ity due to a slowdown in the e%onomy! /rospe%ts for 20X2 are slightly (etter! The mar#eting manager fore%asts a 20 per%ent growth in sales over 20X* level! euired Categori@e ea%h of the pre%eding %osts as most li#ely varia(le or fi,ed! Fore%ast the 20X2 amount for ea%h %ost item! Solution
&irect material &irect la$or +anufacturing overhead tilities primarily electricity5 &epreciation on plant and euipment nsurance Supervisory salaries "roperty ta6es Selling costs 7dvertising Sales commissions 7dministrative costs Salaries of top management and staff 8ffice supplies &epreciation on $uilding and euipment
/redi%tion
%.*00.000 1.*(0.000
Cost Category 3aria$le 3aria$le
140.000 %'0.000 1(0.000 '00.000 %%0.000
i6ed i6ed i6ed i6ed i6ed
140.000 %'0.000 1(0.000 '00.000 %%0.000
1*(.000 *0.000
i6ed 3aria$le
1*(.000 10#.000
i6ed i6ed i6ed
'/*.000 40.000 9(.000
'/*.000 40.000 9(.000
'.4#0.000 %.'40.000
'
Exercise 2.63 8a%h of the following %olumns is independent and for a different %ompany! 1se the data given& whi%h refers to one year for e,ample& to find the un#nown a%%ount (alan%es! ?%%ount Finishedgoods inventory& +anuary * Finishedgoods inventory& 'e%em(er )* "or#inpro%ess inventory& +anuary * "or#inpro%ess inventory& 'e%em(er )* awmaterial inventory& +anuary * awmaterial inventory& 'e%em(er )* /ur%hases of raw materials Cost of goods manufa%tured during the year Total manufa%turing %osts Cost of goods sold ross margin 'ire%t material used 'ire%t la(or
* :1,*00 '00 %,900 ',#00 a5 ',/00 1/,100 $5
Company 2 d5 :4,400 /,900 ',100 ',(00 %,*00 1%,000 %9,%%0
) :19,%00 %#,400 #%,400 9/,9'0 1/,000 14,100 /4,%00 '1',990
((,((0 (/,0(0 c5 1(,'00 %/,4(0 1',#00 10','00
%',/00 %9,%00 1/,400 e5 ',#00 9,%00 f5
'0#,100 '0%,(90 /41,%#0 //,100 1%4,900 g5 *4',#(0
a5 aw material inventory, January 1 "urchases of raw materials aw material, &ecem$er '1 A &irect material used =a> ! 1/,100 ; ',/00 < 1(,'00 = =a> A 2&.00
$5 >ork in process inventory, January 1 &irect material used ! &irect la$or ! +anufacturing overhead5 >ork in process inventory, &ecem$er '1 A ?ost of goods manufactured during the year %,900 ! 1(,'00 ! %/,4(0 ! 1',#005 ; ',#00 < $5 = =(> A 4&40
c5 #
Sales revenue B ?ost of goods sold A @ross margin 10','00 ; (/,0(0 < c5 = =%> A 45&20
d5 Beginning finished goods inventory, January 1 ?ost of goods manufactured during the year B Anding finished goods inventory, &ecem$er '1 A ?osts of goods sold d5 ! %9,%%0 ; 4,400 < %9,%00 = =d> A 4&).0
e5 Beginning raw material inventory, January 1 "urchases of raw materials Anding raw material inventory, &ecem$er '1 A &irect material used ',(00 ! 1%,000 ; %,*00 < e5 = =e> A *2&300 f5 Sales revenue B ?osts of goods sold A @ross margin f5 ; %9,%00 < 1/,400 = =f> A 4)&300 g5 +anufacturing overhead &irect la$or &irect material used A )otal manufacturing costs '0#,100 < g5 ! 1%4,900 ! //,100 = =g> A **5&)00
Exercise 11%% Fast 8ddies Dimo Servi%e operates a fleet of limousines!
(
Dimousine ;um(er
Costs =$>
* 2 ) 4 3 5 . 9 *0
)00 )400 )200 ).00 )00 4000 )200 )000 4200 )900
*2400 **.00 *0300 **00 **.00 *)200 9.00 9200 **500 *2)00
euired a! 1se the high B low method to estimate the fi,ed and varia(le portions of overhead %osts (ased on miles driven! (! "hat is the estimated total %ost of driving one limousine *0&000 miles %! Fast 8ddie has heard that the high B low method has a maEor limitation %ompared to simple regression! "hat is it
Solution
a. C DEFG HI CKLMNI OIPIHGPCQ RINCQ OT UVI HKN LCUIWXHCPK IPVYLZ LVWQTN1'.%005 HK RZFHK CQNIV :4.000 RIV HTN LVRPZHCPK IPVYLZ LVWQTN*.%005 HK RZFHK CQNIV :'000. [\NCO] LC DEFG HGN INEW\FG ^ILGWKX-\_GWKX YI M^K\LC V =
4000 −3000 13200 − 9200
=
1000 4000
=0,25 $ / mile
C HKN \OKWKUVFLZ HK\ LCHIDWGHKX RZFHK\, LOKPKXLC OWMKN DEFG I\HKX NI \OKWKUQFK\LC RIV HK FHIYCPZ RZFHK DIFV`ZLCNKV FHKN LCUIWXHCPK CQHC LVRPZHCPK IPVYLZ LVWQTN. [\NCO] YI M^K\LC FCma,A4000 ; 0,%(1'%00 < :900 &?min< '000; 0,%(*%00 < :900
$. bK F\NKWVRZ RZFHK OK\ YI COMWYCV IOZ HGN ^PFG LQI WVLK\`QNI UVI 10000 miles, YI CQNIV TCA FC GCHmiles < 900 ! 100000,%( < 900 ! %(00 < :'%00
IJKLMNO PQROLMUOL VWNMY FC INHQYCFG LC HGN OW PILLVR IWVNPZLGFG ^PGFVLKOKVCQ LZNK HGN LMUVFHG RIV CWE^VFHG HVL UVI HKN \OKWKUVFLZ HK\ CHIDWGHKX RIV [HIYCPKX RZFHK\. NHQYCHI, FHGN OW OW PILLVR $
IWVNPZLGFG CCHE`KNHIV ZWC KV HVLM. [\LOCPIFLIHVRE WKVOZN YI MWCUC RINCQ OT FHGN IJKLMNO PQROLMUOL VWNMY CEUK\LC LVRPZHCPG IRPQDCVI OWGPKZPGFG.
Exercise 11%' efer to the data for Fast 8ddies Dimousine Servi%e in 8,er%ise **!)) euired: 7uild your own spreadsheet! 1sing miles as the %ost driver& (uild an 8,%el spreadsheet to derive the simple regression results and estimated total %ost for Fast 8ddies Dimousine Servi%e! Dimousine ;um(er * 2 ) 4 3 5 . 9 *0 total
Costs
'.(00 '.400 '.%00 '.#00 '.(00 4.000 '.%00 '.000 4.%00 '.*00
1%.400 11.#00 10./00 11.(00 11.#00 1'.%00 *.#00 *.%00 11.900 1%.'00 114.'00
OKHCWMFLIHI IOW OIWVNPZLGFG
S1<Z 1T/1T Regression Statistics +ultiple 0,9(49(%4#9 Suare 0,(/*/(1'1/ 7djusted 0,(1(#(99'1
&
Suare Standard Arror 8$servations
%9%,((**99* 10
?;G?
df 1 # *
egression esidual )otal
ntercept 3aria$le 1
ntercept 3aria$le 1
SS 9#//##,4/9( (*4'11,('%( 1'#1000
Coefficients #10,*1990*# 0,%41'#*(%9
Lower 95% -11(4,''%#* 0,090'''19#
MS 9#//##,4/9( 94%##,*41(/
Standard Error #(%,%'%0'#/ 0,09419#/#'
Upper 95% %99/,1/#'1' 0,41%44(#9/
F 10,(#*(9901
t Stat 0,*(1(%%%09 ',%(41/'0%9
Significance F 0,011/%#'*9
P-value 0,'/*1*9*(1 0,011/%#'*9
Lower 95,0% Upper 95,0% -11(4,''%#*4 %99/,1/#'1 0,090'''19# 0,41%44(##
8S-'1?D 1T/1T !servatio n
1 % ' 4 ( / 9 # * 10
Predicted " '#04,149#4 1 '/(*,'141% ( ''/*,/4//* ' '(#/,#*9%/ 9 '/(*,'141% ( '**9,%(*4/ % '19/,('(09 1 '0'1,901'( ( '/'(,19(19 % '9#0,00### #
Residuals
Standard Residuals
-'04,149#40*
-1,1#'(#'('1
-%(*,'141%4*
-1,00*114%94
-1/*,/4//*%#
-0,//019(9(*
%1',10%9''1
0,#%*%#'#%9
-1(*,'141%4*
-0,/1**//#'/
%,940('99'#
0,010//49'%
%',4/4*%#(%
0,0*1'1'1/#
-'1,901'((4/
-0,1%''/(01'
(/4,#%4#%9#
%,1*#001'4#
11*,**1111#
0,4//*4%''#
)
CQFTFG HK\ F\NKWVRKX RZFHK\ )?<?!3?5 CQNIV HG LKP [ A (o (* \ e
ZOK\
cost RIV
miles
OZ HGN OIWVNPZLGFG OPKRXOHCV ZHV $o<#10,*% RIV $1<0,%41 [\NKWVRE LQWVI < 114.'00 miles OKLMNT HK F\NKWVRZ RZFHK )?5 CQNIV [ < #10,*% ! 0,%41 114.'00 < #10,*% ! %9.(4/,' < 2.!)5&22$
# $%&'%()* 1 +',* -'. /).
*
+,-./0-. *
# $%&'%()* 1
12
# $%&'%()* 1 *3'45%) /).
*3'45%)3
# $%&'%()* 1
11