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THE PERCEIVED EFFECTS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PANTAWID PAMILYANG PILIPINO PROGRAM (4Ps) TO THE BENEFICIARIES IN SELECTED BARANGAYS IN CAUAYAN CITY, ISABELA 1
Maria Teresa V. Yu Reinafel R. Tumabat Sheila Joy M. Payawal Calvin Loyd O. Banzuela 2 Vandolph A. Corpuz, MAEd. 3 ______________ _______ _____________ ______
Abstract This study aimed to determine the perceived effects of the implementation of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4P’s) to the beneficiaries in selected barangays of Cauayan City, Isabela. The study was conducted in five selected barangays of Cauayan City namely San Pablo, San Luis, Sta. Maria, Sta. Luciana, and Cabaruan. One hundred (100) beneficiaries of 4P’s was interviewed and guided them is answering the questionnaires to gather sufficient and relevant data needed in formulating conclusions. In determining the perceived effects of implementation, the researchers used the descriptive method using the constructed questionnaires and interviews. The following statistical tools are used by the researchers in treating the data gathered, these are frequency and percentage, and mean. After testing the data gathered through the use of questionnaire, the researchers concluded that there is significant difference before and after the implementation of 4P’s to the beneficiaries of selected baranggays in Cauayan City, Isabela, specifically in their health and education. Keywords: 4P’s, beneficiaries, significant
A Thesis Presented to the Research Council of Our Lady of the Pillar College - Cauayan Bachelor of Science in Accounting Technology Our Lady of the Pillar College- Cauayan Batch 2017 3 Adviser 2
1
I. INTRODUCTION
Pantawid
Pamilya
Pilipino
Program
is
a
poverty
reduction measure of the Philippine government that focuses on
human
capital
household
in
investment
in
country.
The
the
the
poorest
Pantawid
of
the
Pamilya
poor is
a
developmental program that uses conditional cash transfers to
poor
households
based
on
their
compliance
with
verifiable conditions that have been identified and agreed upon by the benefeciaries.
The transfer
Pantawid programs
implemented that
Pamilya
in
(CCTs)
Latin
investment
in
is
modeled
that
America, human
on
have
where
conditional
been
successfully
experience
development,
cash
has
shown
particularly
in
education and health, vastly improve a country’s chances of
reducing poverty. CCTs have also been proven to positively impact effects outcomes such as increase in the enrolment of children in schools in Mexico, Colombia, Bangladesh and Turkey.
They
have
also
been
proven
to
decrease
the
incidence of child labor among children aged 7 to 13 years old in Mexico and Nicaragua, lower the incidence of illness among young children as well as increase the utilization of health services among young girls in Honduras, and improve
2
their
nutritional
status
by
increasing
the
average
consumption rate in food expenditure.
In the Philippines, the Pantawid Pamilya serves as a vehicle
for
combating
the
poverty
cycle
in
Filipino
households. It is the flagship poverty alleviation project of the DSWD, and embodies its vision, mission, and mandate. It
reinforces
the
role
of
the
of
the
DSWD
as
the
lead
agency in championing social welfare and development, and achieving poverty (a)
the
country’s
reduction
Eradicate
Universal (d)
empowerment
Extreme
Primary
Improve
and
Millenium
Poverty
Education,
Maternal
Development
of
and
(c)
Health,
the
poor
Hunger,
Reduce and
namely (b)
Child
(e)
Goals
on
to:
Achieve
Mortality,
Promote
Gender
Equality.
4Ps is anchored on the Social Welfare Reform Agenda of the
DSWD
through
Welfare
and
focuses
on
providing
the
National
Development the
more
faster
and
Sector
Reform
Project
disadvantaged better
Support
Social
(NSS-SWDRP).
sectors
social
on
of
society
protection
by
through
improved and appropriate models and programs (DSWD, p.2).
It
2011,
3
II. Theoretical Background
According to the operations manual of the DSWD (2011), the
Pantawid
Pamilya
Pilipino
Program
(4Ps)
is
a
poverty
reduction strategy that provides cash grants to extremely poor
households
to
allow
their
family
members
to
meet
certain human development goals. The focus is on building human capital in the poorest families (through investments in
their
health/nutrition
schooling,
ill
health
and
and high
education)
because
malnutrition
are
low
strongly
associated with poverty cycle in the Philippines. (p.3)
The Pantawid Pamilya provides social assistance in the forms
of
health
and
education
cash
grants
which
are
conditional upon the compliance of the beneficiaries with specific
verifiable
undergoing
behaviors
preventive
health
such
as
pregnant
check-ups
and
women
receiving
vaccinations, and of children aged three to five years old enrolled
in
day-care
centers,
and
children
aged
6
to
14
being enrolled in school and maintaining at least an 85% attendance.
As one of the various safety net programs that have been
implemented
in
many
developing
countries
aimed
at
breaking the poverty cycle. The Pantawid Pamilya addresses
4
the
issues
of
low
education
achievement,
high
levels
of
maternal and infant mortality rates, high malnutrition rate and high child labor rate.
THE GRANT PACKAGE
Eligible minimum
households
of
shall
receive
Php500.00/month
Php1,400.00/month
(in
anywhere
to
households
a
with
a
from
maximum
maximum
a of
of
three
[3] children eligible for the education grant). The health grant totals Php500.00/month to a household with a pregnant woman
at
the
time
of
registration
and
with
chikdren
0-14
years old. The education grant is Php300.00/month per child to
benefit
a
maximum
of
three
children
at
any
tim
to
be
provided they are aged 6 to 14 years old including the day careand pre-school children. These grants are released on a quarterly household
basis for
the
(every
three
duration
of
months)to
their
beneficiary
participation
in
the
program, subject to their compliance with conditionalities.
1. The Health/Nutrition Grant
This
package
amounts
to
Php500.00/month
per
household for a total of Php 6,000 pesos per year.
This
is
released
every
three
months
to
5
beneficiary
households
for
the
duration
of
their participation in the program, subject to compliance. This grant is to improve the food consumption
of
beneficiary
households,
especially the high protein foods required by small children. It is also to provide a subsidy for the transportation expenses of mothers as they meet the health conditions of the program. This
grant
depend
on
is the
a
fixed
number
amount
of
and
eligible
does
children
not in
the family.
2. The Education Grant
This package is Php300.00/child per month for a total of Php3,000 for ten months. A maximum of three
children
per
household
is
allowed.
Children aged 3-14 years old who are the target beneficiaries priority,
of
this
however,
grant.
will
be
Where
given
to
possible, children
who are in elementary education.
In the event that the child beneficiary of the education
grant
turns
15
during
the
school
6
year,
he
or
she
shall
continue
to
receive
education grants until the end of that school year
upon
which
he
or
she
will
no
longer
be
part of the program. His or her slot will be given
to
any
other
children
in
the
household
who fall between the ages 6-14 years old. The next recipient/s will be the children in high school
but
below
14
years
old,
followed
by
children aged 3-5 years old who are enrolled in a day care program.
1.2 Summary of Grants for Different Types of Households
Types of households
Health Grant per month
0-5 years old only 0-5 years old plus 1 child 6-14 0-5 years plus 2 children 614 0-5 years plus 3 or more ch. 614 1 child 6-14 years old only 2 children 6-14 years old only 3 or more children 614 years old only
500
Education Grant per month
Health Annual Grant Php
Education Annual Grant Php
6,000
Total Annual Grant Php 6,000
500
300
6,000
3,000
9,000
500
600
6,000
6,000
12,000
500
900
6,000
9,000
15,000
500
300
6,000
3,000
9,000
500
600
6,000
6,000
12,000
500
900
6,000
9,000
15,000
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III. Methodology
The
researchers
made
use
of
the
descriptive
method
as
research design and the data gathered were taken from the results
of
the
questionnaires
floated
and
analyzed
using
Frequency Count, Percentage, Mean, and Likert Scale through the use of a tally sheet. The researchers have chosen 100 beneficiaries
in
selected
baranggays
in
Cauayan
City,
Isabela as the center of the study that was conducted. The respondents of the study are the beneficiaries of the 4P’s
program. IV. Results and Discussion
Table 1
Test of Difference Before and After the Implementation of 4P’s
Variable Before 4Ps After 4Ps
Mean
3.41 3.75
Std. Dev.
0.85 0.62
t p Decisio Interpretat df Computed Valu n ion Value e Reject Significant 99 11.05 0.00 Ho
Table 14 shows the difference between before and after the
implementation
of
4P’s.
Before
the
implementation
of
8
the 4P’s the mean is 3.41 and after the implementation the
mean becomes 3.75.
Table 2
Mean and Interpretation of Spending Habits of Beneficiaries
Spending Habits
1
2
3
4
5
Mean
Interpretation
94
0
5
1
0
1.13
Poor
36
0
25
2
37
3.04
Good
55
2
36
0
7
2.02
Fair
90
1
9
0
0
1.19
Poor
0
0
7
1
92
4.85
Excellent
27. They used some part of the grant for business capital.
73
1
21
0
5
1.63
Poor
28. They saved money from the grant for future necessity.
45
1
33
2
19
2.49
Fair
1
0
3
0
96
4.9
22. They solely rely on the cash grant that we receive for our daily consumption. 23. they used the grant for paying my debt. 24. They used a bit of the grant in buying alcoholic beverages for relaxation. 25. they with their my kumares,use to play gambling and they borrow the grant for my bet. 26. They used a budgeting scheme on the grant I receive.
29. They used all the money I receive for the education and health of my children
Excellent
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Table 2 shows the mean and interpretation of spending habits of beneficiaries. Most of the beneficiaries spent it in the education and health of their children.
Table 3
Rank of Spending Habits of Respondents
Spending Habits Food Health Education
1
2
3
4
27 1 72
60 8 23 9
9 32 5 42 12
4 39
Clothes Transportation Utility
37 15 5
Vices
Table
3
beneficiaries.
shows
the
Ranking
is
5
10
7
AVG
Rank 2
1 7 92
190 379 133 359 487 561 691
10
5 48 36 1
ranking from
6
7 24 52 7
4 1 3 5 6 7
of
spending
habits
of
most
priority
(rank1)
to
least priority (rank7). Education is rank 1 which is the first priority of the beneficiaries.
V. Conclusion and Recommendations
Based on the data presented by the researchers on the previous chapter, they found out the following:
1.
Majority of the respondents are females
10
2.
Most of the respondents fall under the following with their corresponding frequency distribution. a. Elementary Undergraduate
49
b. Married
85
c. Housewife
54
d. Number of children 4-5 , 6-above
39
e. Number of children attending school 1-3
81
f. Sanitation - Toilet bowl
77
g. Housing unit - Nipa hut
51
h. House ownership – owner
88
i. Access to water – artesian well
57
j. Years of membership – 5
86
k. Relationship with the dependents
83
3. Given all the resources most of the beneficiaries uses or
spend
much
of
the
cash
grant
they
received
for
education and food for their dependents. 4. Most of the beneficiaries are aware of the rules and regulations of the DSWD regarding the program.
Based the
on
appropriate
the
information
statistical
gathered
tools,
the
and
applying
researchers
concluded that there is significant difference before and after
the
implementation
of
4P’s
to the
beneficiaries
of
11
selected baranggays in Cauayan City, Isabela, specifically in their health and education.
In light of the foregoing findings and conclusion, the researchers formulated the following recommendations:
1. The
Philippine
Government
should
continue
the
implementation of 4Ps. Otherwise, what they’ve started
will be useless. 2. DSWD
should
asses
them
atleast
quarterly
to
monitor
whether there are improvements in their lives. 3. It is our recommendation that Government should also consider
providing
beneficiaries The
DSWD
other must
job than also
opportunities conditional spot
for
cash
the
transfer.
beneficiaries
with
entrepreneurial skills. The agency must find a way of helping them by supporting their Endeavour to earn a living.
The
DSWD
civil
society
funds
for
cooperative
could
tap
organizations
their may
other that
agencies could
small
businesses.
also
be
lend
The
introduced
beneficiaries with entrepreneurial skills.
such
those
idea to
as
of the
12
4. It is our recommendation to have further study in this program to improve and the congress should enact a law that will strengthen the 4Ps.
VI. Literature Cited
A. Book
Department of Social Welfare Development (DSWD),2011. Panatawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program. Operations Manual
