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REV_SY13_book.book Page ii Friday, May 28, 1999 11:42 AM

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REV_SY13_book.book Page iv Friday, May 28, 1999 11:42 AM

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REV_SY13_book.book Page v Friday, May 28, 1999 11:42 AM

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REV_SY13_book.book Page vi Friday, May 28, 1999 11:42 AM

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8EFPI

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8]TMGEP69*

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8EFPI

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8SR=IEV

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r

r

,MKLTVIWWYVIIPIGXVMGGIRXVMJYKEPMRGPYHMRKPS[ZSPXEKI WXEVXIV

r

r

7MRKPIIJJIGXWXIEQEFWSVTXMSR

r

r

(SYFPIIJJIGXWXIEQEFWSVTXMSR

r

r

(SYFPIIJJIGXHMVIGXJMVIHEFWSVTXMSRGSSPMRKSRP]

r

r

(SYFPIIJJIGXHMVIGXJMVIHEFWSVTXMSRGSSPMRKERHLIEXMRK

r

r

'SRXVEGXGSWXIWXMQEXIWEVIFEWIHSRE]IEVQEMRXIRERGITPERJSVEXSRGLMPPIV

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&SXLGLMPPIVWVIUYMVIERERRYEPGLIGOSYXSJGSRXVSPW

n

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n

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n

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8EFPI

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8LIVQEP7XSVEKI

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n

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n

%PXLSJ.ERH.1SRJVIl,:%'JSV8SHE] W,SWTMXEPWz,IEXMRK4MTMRK%MV 'SRHMXMSRMRK.YP]TT

n

0EVWSR6SKIVERH'EVP&EYIVWJMIPH.Vl;IMKLMRKXLI&IRIJMXWSJ+EW 'SSPMRKz)RIVK]7EZMRK(MKIWX%QIVMGER+EW%WWSGMEXMSR ;MRXIV TTr

n

2SVHIIR%RH]ERH1MGO7GL[IHPIVl0S[*PS[;SVOWJSV%FWSVFIVW8SSz 'SRXVEGXMRK&YWMRIWW2SZIQFIVTTr

n

4E[IPWOM1MOIERH1MOI&]EVWl+EW4PYW)PIGXVMGMX])UYEPW,:%'7EZMRKWz 4PERX7IVZMGIW.YP]TTr

n

7YR8WIRK=ESl%TTPMGEXMSRWSJ+EWJMVIH%FWSVTXMSR'LMPPIVWz,IEXMRK 4MTMRK%MV'SRHMXMSRMRK1EVGLTTr


'SSPMRK;EXIV ;LIRHIWMKRMRKEREFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIV MRWXEPPEXMSRJSVLMKLIVIPIZEXMSRW GSRWMHIVEXMSRQYWXFIKMZIRXSXLIIJJIGX SJEPXMXYHISRGLMPPIVSTIVEXMSR%XLMKLIV IPIZEXMSRWMX[MPPFIRIGIWWEV]XSMRGVIEWI XLIWXIEQTVIWWYVIXSXLIGLMPPIV'SRWYPX IPIZEXMSRXEFPIWXSHIXIVQMRIXLIWXIEQ TVIWWYVIVIUYMVIHEXEKMZIRIPIZEXMSR

8LIGSSPMRKXS[IVTPE]WEGVMXMGEPVSPIMRXLIWYGGIWWSJEREFWSVTXMSRW]WXIQ MRWXEPPEXMSR8LMWGLETXIVVIZMI[WXLIIJJIGXWSJGSSPMRKXS[IV[EXIV XIQTIVEXYVISREFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIVTIVJSVQERGIERHHMWGYWWIWXLIHIWMKR GSRWMHIVEXMSRWEWWSGMEXIH[MXL n

VITPEGMRKERI\MWXMRKGLMPPIV[MXLEQEGLMRISJIUYEPSVWQEPPIVWMÎ

n

MRWXEPPMRKQYPXMTPIGLMPPIVWMRXLIWEQIGLMPPIVTPERXERH

n

ETTP]MRKEFWSVTXMSRIUYMTQIRX[MXLSXLIVX]TIWSJGLMPPIVWMREGSQFMREXMSR TPERX

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'SSPMRKXS[IV[EXIVXIQTIVEXYVIWMQTEGXXLISTIVEXMSRSJEFWSVTXMSRGSSPMRK IUYMTQIRX;LIRXLIIRXIVMRKGSSPMRK[EXIVXIQTIVEXYVIMRGVIEWIWGLMPPIV GETEGMX]HIGVIEWIW-RTEWXHIWMKRWXLIWIGETEGMX]HIGVIEWIWGSYPHFI WYFWXERXMEPEWQYGLEWJSVIZIV]°*?°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l0S[JPS[ %FWSVTXMSR7]WXIQWzSRTEKI (YVMRKSTIVEXMSRYRMXGSRXVSPWRS[ZEV]WSPYXMSRJPS[XLVSYKLSYXXLIGLMPPIV XLYWEPPS[MRKQYGLQSVIJPI\MFMPMX]MRXLIXS[IV[EXIVXIQTIVEXYVIWXLERGER FIEGGSQQSHEXIH1SVIMRJSVQEXMSRMWEZEMPEFPIMRXLIWIGXMSRl'SRXVSP -QTVSZIQIRXWEXXLI9RMX0IZIPzSRTEKI 6IGIRXEFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIVWEVIHIWMKRIHXSFIEFPIXSSTIVEXI[MXLGSSPMRK [EXIVMRPIXXIQTIVEXYVIWEWPS[EW*?'A1ER]GERWXEVX[MXL XIQTIVEXYVIWEWPS[EW*?'ATVSZMHIHXLMW[EXIV[EVQWYTXS* ?'A[MXLMRXSQMRYXIW-RQER]GEWIWXLMWQIERWXLEXEXS[IVF]TEWWMW RSXVIUYMVIHEPXLSYKLXLMWWLSYPHFIZIVMJMIHF]XLIW]WXIQHIWMKRIV

6ITPEGMRKER)\MWXMRK'LMPPIV[MXLER%FWSVTXMSR'LMPPIV 8SHE]EFWSVTXMSRQEGLMRIWEVIGSRWMHIVIHZMEFPIVITPEGIQIRXWJSVI\MWXMRK GLMPPIVWIWTIGMEPP]MJVITPEGIQIRXGSWXWGERFIQMRMQMÎHF]VIXEMRMRKXLIVIWX SJXLIGLMPPIVTPERXGSSPMRKXS[IVGSRHIRWIVTYQTIXG 3JGSYVWIYWMRKXLI



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%FWSVTXMSRQEGLMRIWEVIUYMXISJXIR WIPIGXIH[MXLIRXIVMRKERHPIEZMRK GSSPMRK[EXIVXIQTIVEXYVIWSJ°* ?°'AERH°*?°'AVIWTIGXMZIP] *SVWMQTPMGMX]XLII\EQTPIWWLS[RLIVI HSRSXEHHVIWWXLIRIKEXMZIIJJIGXSJ MRGVIEWIHIRXIVMRKGSSPMRK[EXIV XIQTIVEXYVIWSRXLIEFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIV W '34;LIRXLIGLMPPIVPIEZMRKGSSPMRK [EXIVXIQTIVEXYVIMRGVIEWIWXLI'34 HIGVIEWIWERHXLIEQSYRXSJLIEXVINIGXIH MRGVIEWIW *SVWSQIGLMPPIVHIWMKRWXLI '34VIHYGXMSRGERFIWMKRMJMGERXERH XLIVIJSVIXLIIWXMQEXMSRTVSGIHYVIW SYXPMRIHLIVIWLSYPHFITIVJSVQIH MXIVEXMZIP]

3YVI\EQTPIW]WXIQMR*MKYVIMRGPYHIWE XSR? O;AIPIGXVMGGLMPPIV WPEXIHJSVVITPEGIQIRXMX[EWHIWMKRIHXSHIPMZIV°*?°'A[EXIVXSXLI GSSPMRKXS[IVEX KTQ? 0TWA8LIGSSPMRKXS[IVMRXYVR[EWHIWMKRIH XSTVSHYGI°*?°'A[EXIVEXEREQFMIRX[IXFYPFXIQTIVEXYVISJ°* ?°'A'SSPMRKXS[IVWMRQIGLERMGEPGSQTVIWWMSRVIJVMKIVEXMSRETTPMGEXMSRW EVIGSQQSRP]HIWMKRIHJSV KTQ? 0TWATIVXSR[MXLERETTVS\MQEXI°* ?°'AXIQTIVEXYVIGLERKI 6INIGXMSRLIEXXLIEQSYRXSJLIEXVINIGXIHXSXLI GSSPMRKXS[IVEXXLIWIGSRHMXMSRW MW 1&L? O;AERHMWGEPGYPEXIH [MXLXLIJSPPS[MRKIUYEXMSR 6INIGXMSR,IEX = KTQ × × ∆8 ( ∆8 = 8S[IV)RX;EXIV8IQT – 8S[IV0ZK;EXIV8IQT ) = KTQ × × ( °* – °* ) = 1&L

6ITPEGMRKXLIIPIGXVMGGLMPPIV[MXLEREFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIVRSXSRP]GLERKIWXLI X]TISJVINIGXMSRLIEXJVSQGSQTVIWWMSRXSJMVMRK FYXEPWSXLIEQSYRXSJLIEX VINIGXIH;LMPIXLIIZETSVEXSVPSEHMWXLIWEQIXLIGSSPMRKXS[IVQYWXRS[ VINIGXQSVIGLMPPIVLIEXMIEFWSVFIVPSEHEW[IPPEWGSRHIRWIVPSEH8S UYERXMJ]XLIGLMPPIVLIEXMRTYXSJEHMVIGXJMVIHEFWSVTXMSRQEGLMRIQYPXMTP]XLI LIEXMRTYXERHFYVRIVIJJMGMIRG]ZEPYIW   (*%6INIGXMSR,IEX = 8SRW ×  + ------------ × &YVRIV)JJMGMIRG]  × 1&L8SR '34  

*MKYVI

)\EQTPI7]WXIQ

System Load

Two-Stage Centrifugal Chiller 95˚ F water at 1,500 gpm 85˚ F water at 78˚ F wb ambient 10˚F ∆Τ Rejection Heat = 7,500 MBh



7EMHERSXLIV[E]MJXLI'34MWIEGLXSRSJGSSPMRKSYXTYXVIUYMVIW SV XSRWSJLIEXMRTYX8LIVIJSVIXLIEQSYRXSJLIEXVINIGXIHXSXLI GSSPMRKXS[IVF]E(*%GLMPPIV[MXLE'34SJERHEFYVRIVIJJMGMIRG]SJ MW (*%6INIGXMSR,IEX = 8SRW × [ + ( × ) ] × 1&L8SR = 8SRW × 1&L8SR

8LIEQSYRXSJLIEXVINIGXIHF]ERMRHMVIGXJMVIHEFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIVMWHITIRHIRX SRXLI'34SRP] -RHMVIGXJMVIH6INIGXMSR,IEX = 8SRW × +  ------------ × 1&L8SR  '34

8LIEQSYRXSJLIEXVINIGXIHF]EGLMPPIV[MXLE'34SJMW -RHMVIGXJMVIH6INIGXMSR,IEX = 8SRW × +  ----------- × 1&L8SR   = 8SRW × 1&L8SR

9WMRKXLI-8()WXMQEXMSR1IXLSH ;LEXGERFIHSRIXSGEPGYPEXIGSSPMRK XS[IVTIVJSVQERGI[LIRRSGSQTYXIV TVSKVEQWSVSXLIVTIVJSVQERGI GEPGYPEXMSRXSSPWEVIEZEMPEFPI#9WIXLI HMJJIVIRGIFIX[IIRXLIEQFMIRX[IXFYPF ERHIRXIVMRKXS[IV[EXIVXIQTIVEXYVIWXS JSVIGEWXXLIPIEZMRKXS[IV[EXIV XIQTIVEXYVI -J[IXVIEXXLIXS[IVEWELIEXI\GLERKIV [IGERIWXMQEXIMXWTIVJSVQERGIF] GEPGYPEXMRKXLI-RMXMEP8IQTIVEXYVI (MJJIVIRGISV-8(*SVI\EQTPIXLI-8(JSV EXS[IV[MXLERIRXIVMRKXS[IV[EXIV XIQTIVEXYVISJ°*?°'AERHER EQFMIRX[IXFYPFXIQTIVEXYVISJ°* ?°'AMW -8(!°*°*!°*?°'°'!°'A

8LIVIJSVIMJXLIXS[IV WHIWMKRVINIGXMSR LIEXJSVETEVXMGYPEVETTPMGEXMSRMW 1&L? O;AMXWTIVJSVQERGIMW 6INIGXMSR,IEX 8S[IV = ----------------------------------------4IVJSVQERGI -8( , 1&L , O; = ------------------------------ --------------------------°* °' = 1&L°* [ O;°' ]

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ÎHJSVXLITVIWIRXPSEH -RWXEPPMRKEWQEPPIVHMVIGXJMVIHEFWSVTXMSRQEGLMRIMRMXWTPEGIMWTSWWMFPI ;IGERYWIXLIMRMXMEPXIQTIVEXYVIHMJJIVIRGI-8( IWXMQEXMSRQIXLSH HIWGVMFIHMRXLIWMHIFEVXSTVIHMGXXLIVIUYMVIHWMÎSJXLIVITPEGIQIRXGLMPPIV-J XLIIRXIVMRKXS[IVPIEZMRKGSRHIRWIV [EXIVXIQTIVEXYVIMW°*?°'AXLI -8(MW°°*SV°*?°°'SV°'A8LIVIJSVIXLIVINIGXMSRLIEX EZEMPEFPIMW 6INIGXMSR,IEX = [ ( 1&L°* ) × -8( ] = ( × ) = 1&L

-J[IEKEMREWWYQIE'34ERHFYVRIVIJJMGMIRG]JSVXLIHMVIGXJMVIH EFWSVTXMSRQEGLMRI[IGERTVIHMGXMXWGETEGMX]YWMRKXLIIWXMQEXIHVINIGXMSR LIEXZEPYI 2SXIXLEXWMRGIXLII\MWXMRKTYQTMWWMÎHJSV KTQ? 0TWAXLIEFWSVFIV YWIW KTQXSR? 0TWO;A;LMPIXLMWJPS[VEXIMWPIWWXLERXLI%6- WXERHEVHVEXMRKYWIWRI[P]HIWMKRIHEFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIVWGERFIWIPIGXIHYWMRK ¨%QIVMGER7XERHEVH-RG%PPVMKLXWVIWIVZIH 7=7%11E]


XLMWJPS[VEXI)RWYVIXLEXXLIEFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIVMWWIPIGXIHEXXLIRI[STIVEXMRK GSRHMXMSRWERHJPS[VEXI       8SRW =  --------------------------------------------------------------------------- = 8SRW     ×  +  ----------- ×        

8LIRGEPGYPEXIXLIGSSPMRKXS[IV∆8 ∆8 = ----------------------------- = °* ×

;LIRXLMW∆8ZEPYIMWIRXIVIHMRXLIXS[IVWIPIGXMSRWSJX[EVIXLITVSKVEQ EVVMZIWEXEPIEZMRKXS[IV[EXIVXIQTIVEXYVISJ °*?°'A+MZIRXLI °*?°'A∆8XLIVIWYPXMRKIRXIVMRKXS[IVPIEZMRKGSRHIRWIV [EXIV XIQTIVEXYVIMW°*?°'AEWWLS[RMR*MKYVI2SXMGIXLEXXLIHMJJIVIRGI FIX[IIRXLISYXGSQIWSJXLI-8(IWXMQEXMSRQIXLSHERHXLIWIPIGXMSRTVSKVEQ MWWPMKLXMI°*ZIVWYW°*?°'ZIVWYW°'A *MKYVI

7QEPPIV(*%'LMPPIV

System Load 441 Ton Absorption Chiller

87˚ F water at 78˚ F wb ambient

100˚ F water at 1,500 gpm 13˚ F ∆Τ Rejection Heat = 9,700 MBh

6ITPEGIQIRX[MXLER%FWSVTXMSR'LMPPIVSJ)UYEP7MÎ 2S[PIX WPSSOEXXLIW]WXIQTIVJSVQERGIMQTEGXSJWIPIGXMRKEGLMPPIVSJIUYEP WMÎ-JXLI XSR? O;AIPIGXVMGGLMPPIVMRSYVI\EQTPIW]WXIQMWVITPEGIH [MXLE XSR? O;AMRHMVIGXJMVIHEFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIV 1&L ? O;A XSRW\ 1&LXSR! 1&L ? O;\ O;VINIGXIH O;VIJVMKIVEXMSR! O;A[MPPFIVINIGXIHXSXLIGSSPMRKXS[IVEWWLS[RMR ¨%QIVMGER7XERHEVH-RG%PPVMKLXWVIWIVZIH 7=7%11E]


*MKYVI6IEVVERKMRKXLIVINIGXMSRLIEXIUYEXMSRXSWSPZIJSV∆8MRHMGEXIWLS[ QYGLXLIXS[IV[EXIVQYWXFIGSSPIHMR°* XSVIQSZIXLMWEQSYRXSJVINIGXMSR LIEX 6INIGXMSR,IEX ∆8 = -------------------------------------------KTQ × = ----------------------------- × = °*

(ITIRHMRKSRXLIRSQMREPXSRREKIW EZEMPEFPIJVSQXLIQERYJEGXYVIVMXQE]FI RIGIWWEV]XSWIPIGXE(*%GLMPPIVXLEX I\GIIHWRSQMREPXSRWXSHIPMZIV EGXYEPGSSPMRKXSRWEXXLIGSRHMXMSRW WLS[R

-XMWXIQTXMRKXSEWWYQIXLEXXLIVIWYPXMRKPIEZMRKXS[IV[EXIVXIQTIVEXYVIMW °*SV°*°*?°'SV°'°'A6IQIQFIVLS[IZIVXLEX XLIEQSYRXSJVINIGXMSRLIEXMRGVIEWIHJVSQ XS 1&L ? XS O;A;LMPIXLIXS[IVGERTVSHYGI°*?°'A[EXIVEXXLI HIWMKRGSRHMXMSRSJ 1&L? O;AXLIPIEZMRKXS[IV[EXIVXIQTIVEXYVI VMWIWEWVINIGXMSRLIEXMRGVIEWIWERHXLIUYIWXMSRMWF]LS[QYGL# 8LIW]WXIQHIWMKRIVLEWQIXLSHWSJHIXIVQMRMRKPIEZMRKXS[IV[EXIV XIQTIVEXYVI 9WIXLIGSSPMRKXS[IVQERYJEGXYVIVkWHEXE[LIREZEMPEFPI 8LIQSWXWXVEMKLXJSV[EVHQIERWSJHIXIVQMRMRKGSSPMRKXS[IVTIVJSVQERGI EVIGSQTYXIVTVSKVEQWERHSXLIVGEPGYPEXMSRXSSPWHIZIPSTIHF]XLIXS[IV QERYJEGXYVIV9WMRKSRIWYGLTVSKVEQ[IJMRHXLEXVINIGXMSRLIEXSJ 1&L? O;A]MIPHWEPIEZMRKXS[IV[EXIVXIQTIVEXYVISJ°* ?°'A%HHMRKXLI°*?°'A∆8XSXLMWZEPYIIWXEFPMWLIWXLIGSVSPPEV] °*?°'AIRXIVMRKXS[IVPIEZMRKGSRHIRWIV [EXIVXIQTIVEXYVI

*MKYVI

)UYMZEPIRX(*%'LMPPIV

System Load 500 Ton Direct-Fired Absorption Chiller

87˚ F water at 78˚ F wb ambient

102˚ F water at 1,500 gpm 15˚ F ∆Τ Rejection Heat = 11,000 MBh



)WXMQEXIGSSPMRKXS[IVTIVJSVQERGI-8(1IXLSH 6IGEPPXLEXXLISVMKMREPHIWMKRVINIGXMSRLIEXJSVSYVI\EQTPIGSSPMRKXS[IV [LIRTEVXRIVIH[MXLXLIIPIGXVMGGLMPPIV[EW 1&L? O;A[MXLER EQFMIRX[IXFYPFXIQTIVEXYVISJ°*?°'AERHERIRXIVMRKXS[IV[EXIV XIQTIVEXYVISJ°*?°'A+MZIRXLIVIWYPXMRK-8(SJ°*?°'A -8(!°*°*?°'°'A ERHEXS[IVTIVJSVQERGISJ 1&L°* ? O;°'AYWMRKXLIQIXLSHWLS[RMRXLI-8()WXMQEXMSR1IXLSHWMHIFEV SRTEKI[IGERRS[GEPGYPEXIER-8(ZEPYIJSVXLIMRHMVIGXJMVIH EFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIV )WXMQEXIH-8( = ------------------ = °*

8LIVIJSVIXLIIWXMQEXIHIRXIVMRKXS[IV[EXIVXIQTIVEXYVIMW°*?°'A °*?°'A!°*?°'AERHKMZIRXLI°*?°'A∆8MQTSWIHF] XLI(*%GLMPPIVXLIIWXMQEXIHPIEZMRKXS[IV[EXIVXIQTIVEXYVIMW°* ?°'A%GSQTEVMWSRSJXLIWIXIQTIVEXYVIW[MXLXLIWIPIGXMSRWSJX[EVI VIWYPXWJSYRHMRQIXLSHPIKMXMQMÎWXLIYWISJIWXMQEXIW[LIRRSSXLIV JSVIGEWXMRKXSSPMWEZEMPEFPI 8EFPIWLS[WEWYQQEV]SJXLIW]WXIQTIVJSVQERGIIJJIGXWI\TPSVIHMRXLMW I\EQTPI

8EFPI

6ITPEGIQIRX'SQTEVMWSR

'LMPPIV'ETEGMX] 6INIGXMSR,IEX 8S[IV;EXIV∆8 8S[IV);80;8

3VMKMREP7]WXIQ

6ITPEGIQIRX[MXLE 7QEPPIV(*%

6ITPEGIQIRX[MXLER %FWSVTXMSR'LMPPIV SJ)UYMZEPIRX'ETEGMX]

XSRW?O;A

XSRW?O;A

XSRW?O;A

1&L?O;A 1&L?O;A 1&L?O;A °*?°'A

°*?°'A

°*?°'A

°*?°'A

°*?°'A

°*?°'A

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ÎWXLMW IJJIGX



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ÊXMSR8LMWGERFIEGGSQTPMWLIHXLVSYKL n

YWISJEGSSPMRKXS[IVF]TEWW

n

TVSZMHMRKIEGLGLMPPIV[MXLMXWS[RGSSPMRKXS[IVERHSV

n

YRIUYEPHMZMWMSRSJGSSPMRKXS[IV[EXIVFIX[IIRGLMPPIVWMRGSQFMREXMSR TPERXW

'SSPMRK8S[IV&]TEWW 'SSPMRKXS[IVF]TEWWMWVIGSQQIRHIHXSVIHYGIXLIGLERGISJPS[IRXIVMRK GSSPMRK[EXIVXIQTIVEXYVIW&]TEWWEPWS[SVOWZIV][IPPHYVMRKPS[EQFMIRX GSRHMXMSRW&]TEWWGSRXVSPMWI\GIPPIRXWMRGIMXQEMRXEMRWGSRWXERX[EXIVJPS[ XLVSYKLXLIEFWSVFIVrGSRHIRWIVXYFIFYRHPI8[SFYXXIVJP]ZEPZIWGSRRIGXIH XSEJPERKIHXIIERHWLEVMRKIMXLIVEGSQQSREGXYEXSVSVE[E]FYXXIVJP] ZEPZIGSQTVMWIXLIF]TEWW*MKYVIWLS[WXLIGSRHIRWIV[EXIVTMTMRK EVVERKIQIRX2SXMGIXLEXXLIZEPZIPMROEKIMWEGXYEXIHF]EXIQTIVEXYVIWIRWSV XSEWWYVIXLEXXLIHIWMVIHQMRMQYQIRXIVMRKGSSPMRK[EXIVXIQTIVEXYVIMW QEMRXEMRIH *MKYVI

Valve Actuator

'SSPMRK8S[IV&]TEWW

2 Butterfly Valves Temperature Sensor

Chiller's Absorber/Condenser Tube Bundle

From Cooling Tower Cooling Water Pump

:EVMEFPIWTIIH'SSPMRK8S[IV*ERW :EVMEFPIWTIIHHVMZIWSRGSSPMRKXS[IVJERWEVIFIGSQMRKQSVITVIZEPIRXHYI MRTEVXXSXLIJEGXXLEXHVMZIGSWXWLEZIHIGVIEWIHHVEQEXMGEPP]3RIFIRIJMXSJ



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°*?°'A'SRWIUYIRXP] QM\MRKXLIGSSPMRK[EXIVJPS[WJVSQFSXLGLMPPIVX]TIWRIGIWWMXEXIWEW]WXIQ HIWMKRXLEXMRGSVTSVEXIWEGSSPMRKXS[IVF]TEWWEWHIWGVMFIHMRl'SSPMRK 8S[IV&]TEWWzSRTEKI SVSXLIV[MWIEWWYVIWXLEXE°*?°'AQMRMQYQ IRXIVMRKGSSPMRK[EXIVXIQTIVEXYVIMWQEMRXEMRIH *VSQEGSRXVSPWXERHTSMRXXLIWMQTPIWXGLMPPIVTPERXGSRJMKYVEXMSRHIHMGEXIWE GSSPMRKXS[IVXSIEGLGLMPPIVIZIRXLSYKLWYGLEGSRJMKYVEXMSRTVIGPYHIWXLI YWIERHIGSRSQ] SJEWMRKPIXS[IV8LIFIRIJMXWSJEWMRKPIXS[IVSVGSQQSR WYQTGSRRIGXIHXS[IVGIPPWMRGPYHIVIHYRHERG]ERHXLIGETEFMPMX]XSYWIPS[IV GSSPMRKXS[IV[EXIVXIQTIVEXYVIWXSIRLERGIW]WXIQSTIVEXMSR;LMPIRI[ EFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIVHIWMKRWGERYWIXLMWGSPHIVXS[IV[EXIVTVIZMSYWGLMPPIV HIWMKRW[IVISJXIRPMQMXIHXSEQMRMQYQSJ°*?°'A-JXLMWMWEPMQMXEXMSR WSQIQIERWSJGSRXVSPERHTMTMRKQYWXFIYWIHXSEZSMHZMSPEXMRKXLI EFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIV WQMRMQYQXIQTIVEXYVIPMQMXJSVIRXIVMRKGSSPMRK[EXIV8LI F]TEWWEVVERKIQIRXTVIZMSYWP]HMWGYWWIHMWSRIWSPYXMSR-XQEMRXEMRWGSRWXERX GSSPMRK[EXIVJPS[MRXLI(*%FYXEPPS[WXLIGSSPMRKXS[IVXSTVSHYGIGSPHIV [EXIVJSVXLIIPIGXVMGGLMPPIVW %RSXLIVTSWWMFPIWSPYXMSRMWEZEMPEFPIJSVVIXVSJMXETTPMGEXMSRWXLEXVIWYPXMR GSQFMREXMSRTPERXW1ER]SJXLIGLMPPIVTPERXWMRXLIWIETTPMGEXMSRW[IVI SVMKMREPP]HIWMKRIH[MXLGLMPPIVWSJIUYEPWMÎERHX]TI-RWYGLMRWXERGIWXLI FIWXVIXVSJMXWSPYXMSRQE]GSYTPIERIPIGXVMGGLMPPIV[MXLEREFWSVTXMSRQEGLMRI -XMWEPWSPMOIP]XLEXXLII\MWXMRKGSSPMRKXS[IVQE]FIVIXEMRIHXSVIHYGI VITPEGIQIRXGSWX;LMPIEQYPXMWXEKIIPIGXVMGGLMPPIVGEREGGSQQSHEXIPIEZMRK GSSPMRK[EXIVXIQTIVEXYVIWEFSZI°*?°'AXLIWEQIXIQTIVEXYVIGSRHMXMSR VIHYGIWGETEGMX]MREREFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIV-RWXIEHSJIUYEPP]WTPMXXMRKGSSPMRK XS[IV[EXIVFIX[IIRXLIGLMPPIVWMXQE]XLIVIJSVIFIEHZERXEKISYWXS TVSZMHIQSVIGSSPMRKXS[IV[EXIVXSXLIEFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIV8LIJSPPS[MRK I\EQTPIWHIQSRWXVEXIXLMWGSRGITX )\EQTPI)UYEPXS[IV[EXIVEPPSGEXMSR 3YVMQEKMREV]GLMPPIVTPERX[EW SVMKMREPP]HIWMKRIHXSWYTTP] XSRW? O;ASJGSSPMRK-XW]IEVSPH GLMPPIVW[MPPFIVITPEGIH[MXLX[S XSR? O;AQEGLMRIWERIPIGXVMG ¨%QIVMGER7XERHEVH-RG%PPVMKLXWVIWIVZIH 7=7%11E]


GIRXVMJYKEPGLMPPIVXLEXGSRWYQIW O;XSR? O;O;AERHEHMVIGXJMVIH EFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIV[MXLE'34SJERHEFYVRIVIJJMGMIRG]SJ8LITPERX W GSSPMRKXS[IV[EWHIWMKRIHXSTVSZMHI KTQ? 0TWAERHVIHYGI°* ?°'A[EXIVXS°*?°'A ,IEX6INIGXMSR%ZEMPEFPI = KTQ × × ( °* – °* ) = 1&L 8SXEP6INIGXMSR,IEX = (*%6INIGXMSR,IEX + )PIGXVMG6INIGXMSR,IEX 7SMJ(*%6INIGXMSR,IEX = 8SRW × = 1&L  O;- ×  ERH)PIGXVMG6INIGXMSR,IEX = 8SRW × +  -------------------- 8SR = 1&L XLIR8SXEP6INIGXMSR,IEX = 1&L(*% + 1&L )0) = 1&L

2S[XLEXXLIVIMWQSVILIEXXSVINIGXXLI[EXIVXIQTIVEXYVIWIRXIVMRKERH PIEZMRKXLIGSSPMRKXS[IVQYWXGLERKIEGGSVHMRKP] 3RISTXMSRMWXSWYTTP]FSXLGLMPPIVW[MXLXLIWEQIXIQTIVEXYVIERHEQSYRXSJ XS[IV[EXIVEWWLS[RMR*MKYVI8LMWLS[IZIVVIUYMVIWEREZIVEKI°* ?°'A∆8_÷ aERHQE]RIGIWWMXEXISZIVWM^MRKXLI(*% *MKYVI

'SQFMREXMSR4PERX)UYEP'LMPPIV*PS[W

3,000 gpm

9.5˚ F ∆Τ 1,500 gpm

Electric Centrifugal Chiller

14.6˚ F ∆Τ 1,500 gpm

500 Ton Direct-Fired Absorption Chiller Bypass Line System Pump(s) System Load



)\EQTPI9RIUYEPXS[IV[EXIVEPPSGEXMSR %RSXLIVSTXMSRMWXSEZSMH (*%SZIVWM^MRKF]PIZIVEKMRKXLIQYPXMWXEKIIPIGXVMGGLMPPIV WEFMPMX]XSSTIVEXI EXIPIZEXIHGSSPMRK[EXIVXIQTIVEXYVIW;IGEREGGSQTPMWLXLMWF]MRGVIEWMRK XLI(*% WWLEVISJXS[IV[EXIVJPS[JVSQXS 1&L (*% ∆8 = -------------------------------------------- = * × KTQ

8LMWPIEZIW KTQ? 0TWAJSVXLIIPIGXVMGGLMPPIV]MIPHMRKEGSSPMRK XIQTIVEXYVIHMJJIVIRGISJ 1&L )PIGXVMG ∆8 = -------------------------------------------- = * × KTQ

;MXLXLMWHIWMKRWXVEXIK]XLI(*%WYJJIVWSRP]EWPMKLXPSWWSJGETEGMX][LMPI XLIIPIGXVMGGLMPPIVMWSRP]EFSYXPIWWIJJMGMIRX%WMRHMGEXIHLIVIERHMR *MKYVIYRHIVWXERHMRKXLISTIVEXMRKGLEVEGXIVMWXMGWSJFSXLGLMPPIVX]TIWERH HIWMKRMRKXSXLIWXVIRKXLWSJIEGLQMRMQMÎWXLITSXIRXMEPP]RIKEXMZIMQTEGXSJ GSSPMRKXS[IV[EXIVSRSZIVEPPW]WXIQGETEGMX]ERHIJJMGMIRG] &SXXSQPMRIHIWMKRIVWQYWXVIGSKRMÎXLEXXLIEQSYRXSJXS[IV[EXIVEPPSGEXIH XSIEGLGLMPPIVMWRSXTVIHIXIVQMRIH-RWXIEHMXMWERSXLIVZEVMEFPIXLEXGERFI YWIHXSSTXMQMÎGLMPPIVTPERXHIWMKR7MRGIIEGLNSFMWHMJJIVIRXSTXMQMÊXMSR *MKYVI

'SQFMREXMSR4PERX9RIUYEP'LMPPIV*PS[W

3,000 gpm

14.2˚ F ∆Τ 1,000 gpm


11˚ F ∆Τ 2,000 gpm

500 Ton Direct-Fired Absorption Chiller Bypass Line System Pump(s) System Load



QE]FISRTIVJSVQERGIGSWXSVSXLIVJEGXSVW8LIHIWMKRIVQYWXFIGSKRMÊRX SJ[LMGLGVMXIVMEEVIQSWXMQTSVXERXXSXLIS[RIVERHWEXMWJ]XLIWI VIUYMVIQIRXWJSVXLIGLMPPIVTPERX WHIWMKRYWMRKXLISTXMSRWEZEMPEFPI

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ÎERHGSWX7]WXIQHIWMKRIVWGERSJXIRTVSZMHI ZEPYIXSXLIFYMPHMRKS[RIVF]GSRWMHIVMRKW]WXIQW[MXLVIHYGIHJPS[ VEXIWEWWLS[RMR8EFPISRTEKI ERH*MKYVISRTEKI



8EFPI

*PS[6EXI'SQTEVMWSR 'SRZIRXMSREP (IWMKR KTQXSR ?0TWO;A

0S[JPS[(IWMKR KTQXSR ?0TWO;A

?A

?A

*YPPPSEHKEWGSRWYQTXMSRXLIVQW ?O;LA

?A

?A

'SRHIRWIVJPS[VEXIKTQ ?0TWA

?A

?A

0IEZMRK';XIQTIVEXYVI* ?'A

?A

?A

?A

?A

?A

?A

%FWSVTXMSR'LMPPIV'SQTSRIRX 'ETEGMX]MRXSRW?O;A '34

'SRHIRWIVLIEHJIIXSJ[EXIV ?O4EA 'SSPMRK8S[IV'SQTSRIRX 7XEXMGLIEHJIIXSJ[EXIV ?O4EA 2YQFIVSJGIPPW *ERLTTIVGIPP?O;TIVGIPPA 8SXEPXS[IVTS[IV?O;A

?A

?A

'SRHIRWIV[EXIV4YQT'SQTSRIRX 4MTMRKZEPZITVIWWYVIHVSTJIIXSJ[EXIV ?O4EA

?A

?A

8SXEPLIEHJIIXSJ[EXIV ?O4EA

?A

?A

?A

?A

O;?O;A 

%RRYEP3TIVEXMRK'SWX9WMRK86%') 'LMPPIV'SSPMRK8S[IV';4YQT



*MKYVI

*PS[6EXIWZIVWYW3TIVEXMRK'SWXW

$30 4.45 gpm/ton $25

3.60 gpm/ton

Operating Cost Per Hour

3.09 gpm/ton $20

$15

$10

$5

$0 25%

50%

75%

Full Load

Percent of Chiller Load



%FWSVTXMSR'LMPPIV7TIGMEP%TTPMGEXMSRW %FWSVTXMSRGLMPPIVWEVIYWIHMRGSQJSVXGSSPMRKTVSGIWWGSSPMRKERHL]FVMH W]WXIQWFEWMGEPP]ER]W]WXIQ[LIVIXLIPMJIG]GPIIGSRSQMGWQEOIWIRWI-R EHHMXMSREFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIVWJMXI\XVIQIP][IPPMRWIZIVEPRMGLIETTPMGEXMSRW ;LMPIXLMWWIGXMSRHIEPW[MXLWSQISJXLIWIETTPMGEXMSRWXLIVIEVISXLIVW[LMGL QE]EPWSJMXZIV][IPP

,IEXMRK-W%ZEMPEFPI %FWSVTXMSRGLMPPIVWXLEXEVIRSXHMVIGXJMVIHVIUYMVIEWSYVGISJLIEX-RQER] MRHYWXVMEPETTPMGEXMSRWWYGLWSYVGIWSJ[EWXILIEXEVIEZEMPEFPI8LIWI GMVGYQWXERGIWEVIMHIEPJSVMRWXEPPEXMSRSJEFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIVW7TIGMJMG ETTPMGEXMSRWMRGPYHIXLSWIMRXLIJSPPS[MRKPMWX n

%L]FVMHW]WXIQ[LIVIXLIIPIGXVMGGLMPPIVMWVYRRMRKMRELIEXVIGSZIV] QSHIEXELMKLIRSYKLXIQTIVEXYVIXLIIPIGXVMGGLMPPIVTVSZMHIWTVILIEXXS XLIEFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIV

n

-RHYWXVMEPTVSGIWWIW[MXL[EWXILIEXWYGLEWWXIEQXYVFMRIWSVWXIEQJVSQ WXIVMPMÊXMSRWMRGIXLIWXIEQQYWXFIGSRHIRWIHFIJSVIFIMRKVIYWIH EFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIVWGERFIYWIHXSGSRHIRWIMXXLYWKVIEXP]VIHYGMRKXLI GSWXSJTVSZMHMRKGSSPMRK

n

4VSGIWWIWXLEXMRGPYHIKEWIRKMRIHVMZIRGLMPPIVWSVKEWIRKMRIWXLEX TVSHYGIIPIGXVMGMX]SJXIRXLIWIIRKMRIWLEZI[EXIVNEGOIXWXSVIQSZILIEX JVSQXLIIRKMRIGEWMRK3RGIEKEMRXLMWLIEXGERFIYWIHXSVIHYGIXLIGSWX SJTVSZMHMRKGSSPMRK

n

4VSGIWWPSEHWXLEXVYRGSRWXERXP]KEWYXMPMX]VEXIWQE]FII\XVIQIP] FIRIJMGMEPXSXLSWI[LSGERTVSZMHIELSYVTIVHE]PSEHXSXLIYXMPMX]

8YVFMRI-RPIX'SSPMRK 9XMPMXMIWSVPEVKIMRHYWXVMEPGYWXSQIVWQE]YWIKEWXYVFMRIWXSTVSHYGI IPIGXVMGMX]8LIWIXYVFMRIWFIGSQIQSVIIJJMGMIRXEWXLIHIRWMX]SJIRXIVMRKEMV MRGVIEWIW&IGEYWIEMVHIRWMX]MRGVIEWIWEWMXWXIQTIVEXYVIMWPS[IVIHMXMW SJXIRFIRIJMGMEPXSGSSPXLIEMV%FWSVTXMSRGLMPPIVWGERFIMHIEPIWTIGMEPP][LIR LIEXMWEZEMPEFPIJVSQXLIXYVFMRIWXSHVMZISVJMVIXLIEFWSVFIV

,SX%MVEWER)RIVK]7SYVGI 8LIVIEVIQER]ETTPMGEXMSRW[LIVIXLIIRIVK]WSYVGIEZEMPEFPIEXEJEGMPMX]MW LSXEMV8LMWEMVMWX]TMGEPP]°* XS °*?°' XS °'A-RXLITEWXWSQI QERYJEGXYVIVWSJHMVIGXJMVIHEFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIVWLEHHIWMKRWXLEXGSYPHFIJMVIH [MXLXLMWEMVWSYVGIHMVIGXP]8SHE][IJMRHXLEXERSXLIVTEXLMWGSQQSRP] GLSWIRSRI[LMGLMRZSPZIWXLIYWISJEWTIGMEPMÎHLIEXI\GLERKIVXSLIEX ¨%QIVMGER7XERHEVH-RG%PPVMKLXWVIWIVZIH 7=7%11E]


[EXIVJSVYWI[MXLEWMRKPIIJJIGXSVHSYFPIIJJIGXEFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIVEWMR *MKYVI8LMWX]TISJLIEXI\GLERKIVGERHIZIPST[EXIVXIQTIVEXYVIWJVSQ °* XS °*?°' XS °'A8LIRSQMREPVIUYMVIQIRXJSVMRPIX[EXIV XIQTIVEXYVIMREX]TMGEPWMRKPIIJJIGXEFWSVFIVMW°*?°'AERHMREHSYFPI IJJIGXEFWSVFIVMXMW°*?°'A *MKYVI

,SX%MVEWER)RIVK]7SYVGI

Absorption Chiller Inlet to Generator

Chilled-Water Loop and Condenser-Water Loop Are Not Shown

Hot Source Air

Heating Coil

Cooler Return Air

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n

YRMXGSRXVSPWXLEXVIKYPEXIGSQTSRIRXSTIVEXMSRERHTVIZIRXIUYMTQIRX HEQEKIERH

n

W]WXIQGSRXVSPWXLEXQEMRXEMRXLIHIWMVIHGSQJSVXGSRHMXMSRW

8LIVIWXSJXLMWWIGXMSRHMWGYWWIWGSRXVSPGSRWMHIVEXMSRWYRMUYIXSGSQJSVX W]WXIQW[MXLEFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIVW



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lSRXLIJP]zXSTVSZMHIEG]GPIXLEXMWQYGLQSVI VIPMEFPIERHIJJMGMIRXEXTEVXPSEH7MRGIXLIYRMXLEWEKVIEXIVEFMPMX]XSGSRXVSP XLIG]GPIMXMWEFPIXSEZSMHSTIVEXMRKEXGSRHMXMSRWXLEXGSYPHGEYWIHEQEKI 8LIQMGVSIPIGXVSRMGGSRXVSPWTVSZMHIQENSVMQTVSZIQIRXWXSWIRWIERHVIEGX UYMGOP]XSGLERKMRKGSRHMXMSRW7IRWSVWEVIJEGXSV]MRWXEPPIHERH GSQQMWWMSRIHMRWXVEXIKMGPSGEXMSRWXSTVSZMHIMRJSVQEXMSRMRTYXXSXLIYRMX PIZIPGSRXVSP8LIYRMXPIZIPGSRXVSPGSQTEVIWERHEREP]Î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ÊXMSRSVMXGV]WXEPPMÎH ;LMPIGV]WXEPPMÊXMSR[EWR XGEXEWXVSTLMGXSXLIQEGLMRIMXGIVXEMRP]OITXXLI GLMPPIVJVSQQEOMRKGLMPPIH[EXIV%Q]VMEHSJGSRHMXMSRWGSYPHGEYWIXLIGLMPPIV XSWLYXHS[R4RIYQEXMGGSRXVSPWGSYPHSJXIRGSRXVSPSRP]XLIVEXIEX[LMGL LIEXIRXIVIHXLIGLMPPIV8STVSXIGXXLIQEGLMRIXLIGSRXVSPWWLYXMXHS[R 8VERI W,SVM^SRGLMPPIVWYWIWSTLMWXMGEXIHQMGVSGSQTYXIVFEWIHGSRXVSPW8VERI VIJIVWXSXLIWIEW%HETXMZI'SRXVSPW¬) XSZEV]XLIWTIIHSJTYQTWMRWMHIXLI GLMPPIV8LMWEPPS[WGPSWIGSRXVSPSJWSPYXMSRGSRGIRXVEXMSRWERHEZSMHW ¨%QIVMGER7XERHEVH-RG%PPVMKLXWVIWIVZIH 7=7%11E]


GV]WXEPPMÊXMSRSJXLEXWSPYXMSR-RVIWTSRWIXSVETMHP]GLERKMRKGSRHMXMSRW 8VERI%HETXMZI'SRXVSPW¬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Î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

'SRXVSPWEXXLI7]WXIQ0IZIP 9RMXGSRXVSPMWRIGIWWEV]XSIRWYVIXLEXIEGLQEGLMRIMWSTIVEXMRK[MXLMRMXW PMQMXWERHMWEFPIXSWEXMWJ]GSSPMRKERHSVLIEXMRKPSEHW;LIREYRMXFIGSQIW TEVXSJEW]WXIQERSXLIVPE]IVSJGSRXVSPMWRIIHIHXSGSSVHMREXIMXWSTIVEXMSR [MXLXLEXSJSXLIVIUYMTQIRXTIVJSVQMRKVIPEXIHVSPIW*YRGXMSRWVIUYMVIHEXXLI W]WXIQPIZIPSJGSRXVSPMRGPYHI



n

IREFPMRKWXEVXMRK ERHHMWEFPMRKWXSTTMRK GLMPPIVWERHEWWSGMEXIHTYQTW

n

VIWIXXMRKGLMPPIH[EXIVWIXTSMRXW

n

PSKKMRKHEXEJVSQXLIW]WXIQERH

n

WIRHMRKHMEKRSWXMGWXSXLIW]WXIQGSRXVSPPIV

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°*?°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ÎSGGYTERXGSQJSVX&]XLIWEQIXSOIRMJETVSGIWWVIUYMVIWE QE\MQYQSJ°*?°'AGLMPPIH[EXIVMXMWRSXEHZMWEFPIXSGSRXVSPSTIVEXMSR XS°*?°'A %REP]WMWTVSKVEQWWYGLEW86%') (3)SV7]WXIQ%REP]ÎV¬GERLIPT W]WXIQHIWMKRIVWHIXIVQMRI[LIXLIVGLMPPIH[EXIVVIWIXMWERETTVSTVMEXI GSRXVSPWGLIQIJSVETEVXMGYPEVETTPMGEXMSR



-RXIVJEGMRK[MXLER%YXSQEXMSR7]WXIQ 1ERYJEGXYVIVWSJGSRXVSPW[LIXLIVJSVIUYMTQIRXSVW]WXIQW[VMXIXLIMV WSJX[EVIMRXLIMVS[RTVSTVMIXEV]PERKYEKIW8LIVIWYPXMWFEFIPIEGLGSRXVSPPIV WTIEOWEHMJJIVIRXPERKYEKIWSXVERWPEXSVWQYWXFIHIZIPSTIHXSIREFPI GSQQYRMGEXMSRFIX[IIRXLIIUYMTQIRXERHFYMPHMRKEYXSQEXMSRW]WXIQ GSRXVSPW%WHMWGYWWIHFIPS[QSWXWYGLXVERWPEXMSRWXSHE]JSPPS[SJ ETTVSEGLIWXLI]IMXLIVEHSTXERSTIRTVSTVMIXEV]TVSXSGSPSVEVIMRXIVJEGIW [VMXXIRXSERSTIRWXERHEVHTVSXSGSP&%'RIX¬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

7]WXIQ3TXMSRW 'LMPPIVWGSSPMRKXS[IVWTYQTWFSMPIVWREXYVEPKEWGSSPMRKLIEXVIGSZIV] XLIVQEPWXSVEKIXLIVIEVIGSYRXPIWW[E]WXSHIWMKREGLMPPIH[EXIVW]WXIQ JVSQXLIWIERHSXLIVGSQTSRIRXW(IXIVQMRMRK[LMGLGSQFMREXMSRMWSTXMQEP JSVETEVXMGYPEVETTPMGEXMSRVIUYMVIWGSRWMHIVEXMSRSJERYQFIVSJJEGXSVW 7]WXIQHIWMKRPSEHERHSTIVEXMRKLSYVWQYWXFI[IMKLIHEKEMRWXXLIGSWXWSJ TVSGYVMRKMRWXEPPMRKSTIVEXMRKERHWIVZMGMRKXLIIUYMTQIRX



%FWSVTXMSRQEGLMRIWTSWWIWWSTIVEXMRKGLEVEGXIVMWXMGWXLEXGERRSXMGIEFP] MQTVSZISZIVEPPW]WXIQIJJMGMIRG]ERHVIHYGIW]WXIQIRIVK]GSWXW n

%FWSVTXMSRGLMPPIVWYWIJSWWMPJYIPWVEXLIVXLERIPIGXVMGMX]0SEHMRKXLIWI GLMPPIVWEXXMQIW[LIRIPIGXVMGIRIVK]ERHSVHIQERHGSWXWEVILMKLVIHYGIW XSXEPW]WXIQYXMPMX]GSWX

n

%REFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIV[SVOWQSVIIJJMGMIRXP]ERHTVSHYGIWQSVIGSSPMRK [MXLMRGVIEWIHPIEZMRKGLMPPIH[EXIVXIQTIVEXYVIW*SVI\EQTPIE RSQMREPXSR? O;AGLMPPIVXLEXSTIVEXIWEX KTQ? 0TWAHIPMZIVW XLITIVJSVQERGIWLS[RMR8EFPI

8EFPI

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;MXLXLEXMRQMRHXLMWWIGXMSRMHIRXMJMIWW]WXIQHIWMKREPXIVREXMZIWXLEX EHZERXEKISYWP]ETTP]EFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIVWXLIGSQFMREXMSRKEWERHIPIGXVMG GLMPPIVTPERXXLIWIVMIWTMTMRKEVVERKIQIRXXLITVIGSSPMRKTMTMRKEVVERKIQIRX LIEXMRKETTPMGEXMSRWERHXLIVQEPWXSVEKI9PXMQEXIP]XLIHIWMKRIVQYWX GSQTEVIXLIEHZERXEKIWSJIEGLSJXLIWIEPXIVREXMZIW[MXLSXLIVW]WXIQ GSRJMKYVEXMSRWYRHIVGSRWMHIVEXMSRXSEVVMZIEXEGSWXIJJIGXMZIW]WXIQXLEXFIWX WEXMWJMIWXLIPSRKXIVQRIIHWSJXLIFYMPHMRKS[RIV%WTVIZMSYWP]RSXIH GSQTYXIVMÎHEREP]WMWTVSKVEQWGEREMHXLIIZEPYEXMSRERHHIGMWMSRQEOMRK TVSGIWW7IIl%REP]WMW8SSPWzSRTEKI

'SQFMREXMSRTPERX4MTMRK%VVERKIQIRXW 'SQFMREXMSRKEWERHIPIGXVMGGLMPPIVTPERXWGERFIIEWMP]NYWXMJMIHMJIPIGXVMG HIQERHERHSRTIEOIRIVK]GLEVKIWEVILMKL-RWYGLMRWXEPPEXMSRWXLI EFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIVSTIVEXIWHYVMRKSRTIEOTIVMSHWXSEZSMHXLILMKLGSWXSJ IPIGXVMGMX]8LIIPIGXVMGGLMPPIVVYRWHYVMRKSJJTIEOTIVMSHWXSXEOIEHZERXEKISJ XLIPS[IVGSWXSJIPIGXVMGMX]



*SVI\EQTPIWSJGSQFMREXMSRTPERXWWIIl7IVMIWERH4EVEPPIPzFIPS[ ERH l'SQQSR(IGSYTPIHzSRTEKI GSSPMRK[EXIVJSVGSQFMREXMSRTPERXWMW HMWGYWWIHEXXLIFIKMRRMRKSJl7]WXIQ(IWMKR'SRWMHIVEXMSRWzSRTEKI 7IVMIWERH4EVEPPIP

*PS[ERHTVIWWYVIHVSTPMQMXEXMSRWQEOIMX HMJJMGYPXXSETTP]QSVIXLERGLMPPIVWMR WIVMIW%WEREPXIVREXMZIYWITEVEPPIP QSHYPIWSJWIVMIWTMTIHGLMPPIVTEMVWXS QMRMQMÎSTIVEXMRKGSWXW4MTMRKGLMPPIVW MRWIVMIWEPWSQIERWXLEXXLIIRXMVI W]WXIQ[EXIVJPS[QYWXTEWWXLVSYKL FSXLGLMPPIVW)\IVGMWIGEVI[LIRWIPIGXMRK GLMPPIVWXSEZSMHI\GIIHMRKXLIMVQE\MQYQ JPS[VEXIW

%TTPMGEXMSRW[MXLGLMPPIVWGERIMXLIVFITMTIHMRWIVMIWSVMRTEVEPPIP*MKYVI FIPS[ ERH*MKYVISRTEKI GSRXVEWXWIVMIWERHTEVEPPIPEVVERKIQIRXWSJ IUYEPXSRREKIGLMPPIVWEXHIWMKRGSRHMXMSRWSJ XSRW? O;A8LSYKL XLIVIEVIEHZERXEKIWEWWSGMEXIH[MXLIEGLEVVERKIQIRXXLIWIVMIW GSRJMKYVEXMSRIJJIGXWERSXMGIEFPIMRGVIEWIMRXLISZIVEPPW]WXIQIJJMGMIRG]SJE GSQFMREXMSRTPERXIWTIGMEPP][MXLXLIEFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIVYTWXVIEQ4PEGMRKXLI EFWSVTXMSRQEGLMRIMRXLMWTSWMXMSRTVSZMHIWMX[MXLXLI[EVQIWXW]WXIQVIXYVR [EXIVXIQTIVEXYVI8LMWRSXSRP]MQTVSZIWXLIEFWSVTXMSRQEGLMRI WIJJMGMIRG] ERHGETEGMX]FYXEPWSVIHYGIWXLIGSSPMRKPSEHERHIPIGXVMGEPGSRWYQTXMSRSJ XLIIPIGXVMGGLMPPIV 2SXMGIXSSXLEXMRWXIEHSJXLIXVEHMXMSREP°*?°'AXIQTIVEXYVIHMJJIVIRXMEP XLIWIVMIWEVVERKIQIRXMR*MKYVIXEOIWEHZERXEKISJE°*?°'A XIQTIVEXYVIHMJJIVIRGIEGVSWWXLIGLMPPIVW8LILMKLIVXIQTIVEXYVIHMJJIVIRXMEP EPPS[WXLIJPS[VEXIXSFIVIHYGIHERHVIWYPXWMRPS[IVTYQTMRKGSWXW3RI HIWMVEFPIGETEFMPMX]MREGSQFMREXMSRTPERXMWXLIEFMPMX]XSTVIJIVIRXMEPP]PSEH XLIKEWFYVRMRKGLMPPIV8LMWEPPS[WYWXSQE\MQMÎXLIYWISJPS[IVGSWXJYIP HYVMRKTIVMSHWSJLMKLIPIGXVMGEPIRIVK]GSWX8LIWIVMIWEVVERKIQIRXEPPS[W XLMW[LIVIEWXLIXVEHMXMSREPTEVEPPIPEVVERKIQIRXWLS[RMR*MKYVIHSIWRSX

*MKYVI

7IVMIW%VVERKIQIRX

58˚ F

50˚ F 42˚ F Electric Centrifugal Chiller

Absorption Chiller

4IVJSVQERGI

*PS[+41 ?0TWA

);8 *?'A

0;8 *?'A

'34

%FWSVTXMSR'LMPPIV

?A

?A

?A

)PIGXVMG'IRXVMJYKEP'LMPPIV

?A

?A

?A


REV_SY13_ch3.fm Page 39 Tuesday, June 1, 1999 10:40 AM

*MKYVI

4EVEPPIP%VVERKIQIRX


55˚ F


45˚ F

Absorption Chiller

4IVJSVQERGI

*PS[+41 ?0TWA

);8 *?'A

0;8 *?'A

'34

%FWSVTXMSR'LMPPIV

?A

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?A

)PIGXVMG'IRXVMJYKEP'LMPPIV

?A

?A

?A


'SQQSR(IGSYTPIH 3JXIRSVQSVIGLMPPIVWYWYEPP]TMTIHMRTEVEPPIPGSQTVMWIEGLMPPIVTPERX 4PEGMRKXLIGLMPPIVWERHEWWSGMEXIHTYQTWMREHIGSYTPIHEVVERKIQIRXEWMR *MKYVISJJIVWWIZIVEPHMWXMRGXEHZERXEKIWSZIVGSRZIRXMSREPTEVEPPIPTMTMRK GSRJMKYVEXMSRW

*SVEHMWGYWWMSRSJHIGSYTPIHW]WXIQ HIWMKRTVMRGMTPIWVIJIVXS'LETXIVSJ XLI%7,6%),:%'7]WXIQWERH )UYMTQIRX,ERHFSSOERHXSXLI8VERI )RKMRIIVIH7]WXIQW'PMRMGIRXMXPIH l'LMPPIH;EXIV7]WXIQ(IWMKR3TXMSRW ERH%TTPMGEXMSRWzSVHIVRS';7'0' %8VERI)RKMRIIVW2I[WPIXXIVl'LMPPIV 4PERX7]WXIQ4IVJSVQERGIz:SP 2S I\EQMRIWXLIFIRIJMXWSJ HIGSYTPMRKGLMPPIVWJVSQXLIGLMPPIH[EXIV HMWXVMFYXMSRPSST

n

,]HVEYPMGEPP]MWSPEXIWSVHIGSYTPIW XLIGLMPPIVTPERXTVSHYGXMSRJPS[ JVSQ XLIW]WXIQPSEHHMWXVMFYXMSRJPS[ IPMQMREXMRKQER]SJXLIJPS[ERH GSRXVSPVIPEXIHTVSFPIQWGSQQSRXSQYPXMTPIGLMPPIVETTPMGEXMSRW

n

4VSZMHIWEVIPMEFPIIRIVK]IJJMGMIRXWYTTP]SJGLMPPIH[EXIV7MRGIXLI MRHMZMHYEPGLMPPIVPSSTWEVIHIGSYTPIHJVSQIEGLSXLIVERHJVSQXLI HMWXVMFYXMSRJPS[XLI]EVIWMQTPIXSGSRXVSP

n

6IEHMP]EGGSQQSHEXIWJYXYVII\TERWMSR[MXLSYXHMWXYVFMRKXLISVMKMREP W]WXIQGSQTSRIRXWERHEHETXWXSEPPGLMPPIH[EXIVW]WXIQZEVMEXMSRWIK XLIVQEPWXSVEKILIEXVIGSZIV]JVIIGSSPMRK

%FEWMGJEGXSJHIGSYTPIHW]WXIQHIWMKRMWXLEXEPPGLMPPIVWQYWXFIWIPIGXIHXS STIVEXI[MXLXLIWEQIPIEZMRK[EXIVXIQTIVEXYVIERHW]WXIQ[EXIV

*MKYVI

'SQQSR(IGSYTPIH%VVERKIQIRX



Absorption Chiller Production Bypass Line

Distribution



XIQTIVEXYVIVMWI∆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

*MKYVI

(IGSYTPIH%VVERKIQIRX[MXL4VIJIVIRXMEP0SEHMRK


Electric Centrifugal Chiller Production Bypass Line

Distribution

Absorption Chiller ¨%QIVMGER7XERHEVH-RG%PPVMKLXWVIWIVZIH 7=7%11E]


GETEFMPMX]8LIFIRIJMXSJTVIJIVIRXMEPP]PSEHMRKXLIEFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIVMWXS VIHYGIXLIW]WXIQ WIPIGXVMGSTIVEXMRKGSWX[LIRIZIV[EVVERXIHF]XLIYXMPMX] VEXIW 7MHIWXVIEQ[MXL4VIJIVIRXMEP0SEHMRK *MKYVIWLS[WEWMQTPIQSHMJMGEXMSRSJXLIXVEHMXMSREPHIGSYTPIH EVVERKIQIRXXLEXKYEVERXIIWXLIEFWSVTXMSRGLMPPIVXLI[EVQIWXIRXIVMRK[EXIV XIQTIVEXYVIERHJYPP]PSEHWMX[LIRIZIVXLIGLMPPIVTPERXSTIVEXIW8LMW GSRJMKYVEXMSREPWSTVIGSSPWXLIW]WXIQVIXYVR[EXIVJSVXLIHIGSYTPIHIPIGXVMG GLMPPIVWHS[RWXVIEQVIHYGMRKXLIMVPSEHWERHIPIGXVMGEPGSRWYQTXMSRERH HIGVIEWMRKXLISZIVEPPSTIVEXMRKGSWXSJXLIQYPXMTPIGLMPPIVTPERX

*MKYVI

7MHIWXVIEQ%VVERKIQIRX[MXL4VIJIVIRXMEP0SEHMRK


Electric Centrifugal Chiller Production Bypass Line

Distribution

Absorption Chiller



7MHIWXVIEQHIGSYTPIHETTPMGEXMSRWEVIYWYEPP]QSWXIGSRSQMGEP[LIRXLI WMHIWXVIEQGLMPPIVMWWQEPPIVXLERXLSWISRXLITVSHYGXMSRWMHISJXLIF]TEWW PMRI7MRGITYQTMRKVIUYMVIQIRXWERHIRIVK]GSRWYQTXMSRWGLERKI[MXL QSHMJMGEXMSRWXSXLIW]WXIQEVVERKIQIRXMXMWFIWXXSYWIEGSQTYXIVMÎH EREP]WMWXSSPXSQSHIPXLIIGSRSQMGIJJIGXW

7]WXIQ3TXMSR%REP]WMW ;MXLWSQER]W]WXIQSTXMSRWEZEMPEFPI[LMGLMWFIWX#%GSQQSRIRKMRIIVMRK ERW[IVMWl-XHITIRHWz)EGLSTXMSR[SVOWZIV][IPPMRZEVMSYWETTPMGEXMSRW 8LIQEKMGMWJMRHMRKSYX[LIRMXETTPMIWXSETEVXMGYPEVWMXYEXMSR ;LMPIWSQIHIWMKRIVW[SVO[MXLEJYPPIRIVK]EREP]WMWTVSKVEQWYGLEW 86%') SV(3)XLIVIEVIXMQIW[LIREJYPPIRIVK]EREP]WMWMWRSX [EVVERXIH7YGLWMXYEXMSRWMRGPYHI


n

MRZIV]TVIPMQMREV]WXEKIW[LIRXLIVIMWEQMRMQYQSJMRJSVQEXMSREFSYX FYMPHMRKHIWMKRERHYWIEZEMPEFPI

n

[LIRXLIFYMPHMRKS[RIVSVHIZIPSTIV[ERXWWSQIEREP]WMWFYXMWRSX [MPPMRKXSTE]JSVEJYPPIRIVK]EREP]WMWERHSV

n

[LIRXLIIRKMRIIVMWWXMPPXV]MRKXSWIGYVIXLINSF[ERXWXSTIVJSVQWSQI EREP]WMWXSLMKLPMKLXLMWSVLIVJMVQ WGETEFMPMXMIWFYXGERSRP]WTIRH QMRYXIWXSLSYVXSTIVJSVQXLIEREP]WMW


8EFPI

8EFPISJ%PXIVREXMZIW )PIGXVMG 4EVEPPIP 4YQTMRK (IGSYTPIH

)PIGXVMG 4EVEPPIP 4YQTMRK

(*% )PIGXVMG 7IVMIW4YQTMRK

'LMPPIV

)PIGXVMG '34

(*%'34

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)PIGXVMG '34

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4EVEPPIP

7IVMIW

4EVEPPIP

2S

2S

=IW

?A

?A

?A

2%

'LMPPIV'LMPPIH[EXIV4YQTO;

2%

7]WXIQ'LMPPIH[EXIV4YQTO;

2%

'SRHIRWIV8IQTIVEXYVI(MJJIVIRGI *?'A

?A

?A

?A

'LMPPIV'SRHIRWIV[EXIV4YQTO;

'LMPPIV'SRHIRWIV[EXIV4YQTO;

4MTMRK%VVERKIQIRX (IGSYTPIH# )ZETSVEXSV8IQTIVEXYVI(MJJIVIRGI *?'A 'LMPPIV'LMPPIH[EXIV4YQTO;

8SXEP%RRYEP3TIVEXMRK'SWXSJ 'LMPPIH[EXIV4PERX

-RXLIWIERHWMQMPEVWMXYEXMSRWYWISJEWGSTMRKXSSPMW[EVVERXIH3RIWYGLXSSP MW7]WXIQ%REP]ÎV¬E;MRHS[WFEWIHXSSPXLEXGERFIYWIHMRERLSYVSV PIWWXSGSQTEVIZEVMSYWEPXIVREXMZIW7]WXIQ%REP]ÎV[EWYWIHXSGSQTEVI EPXIVREXMZIW8LIYXMPMX]VEXIWJSVEPPEPXIVREXMZIWEVI n

SRTIEOIPIGXVMGGSRWYQTXMSRGLEVKIO;L

n

SJJTIEOIPIGXVMGGSRWYQTXMSRGLEVKIO;L

n

SRTIEOHIQERHGLEVKIQSRXLW O;

n

SJJTIEOHIQERHGLEVKIO;ERH

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1,000 Tons

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Hour of the Day



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REV_SY13_ch4.fm Page 53 Tuesday, June 1, 1999 10:41 AM

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Flue Gas Ducting

Flue Gas Intake Motorized FGR Shutoff Valve

FGR Control Valve

Burner A typical flue-gas recirculation (FGR) system includes a stack flue-gas intake and associated piping, as well as a shutoff valve and a control valve. (The latter is modulated via linkages with the burner air/fuel control motor and is therefore usually factory mounted.) As referenced in the illustration, basic installation (if not supplied as part of the DFA equipment) requires that the installer do the following.

Modify the burner stack to accept the flue-gas intake. Position the intake at the center of the stack inside diameter, either 3 to 5 stack diameters from the machine outlet or upstream of an existing stack-outlet damper.

Run piping from the stack outlet to the inlet of the combustion air windbox. Steel tubing with a wall thickness of 0.125" [3.175 mm] is typically suitable. Provide adequate mounting and bracing throughout the run.

Use elbows with a radius-to-diameter (R/D) ratio > 2. Minimize the number of elbows to limit pressure drop. Sectioned elbows, if used, must consist of multiple segments.

Insulate the ducting to minimize surface temperature and to comply with OSHA standards and applicable codes.

Design all FGR piping runs to provide adequate clearance for machine inspection and service.



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W WIVZMGIEFMPMX] WMHIWXVIEQETTPMGEXMSRW7IIGSQFMREXMSRKEWERHIPIGXVMGGLMPPIVTPERXW HIGSYTPIHEVVERKIQIRXWWMHIWXVIEQ[MXLTVIJIVIRXMEPPSEHMRK WSPYXMSR IJJIGXSJRSRGSRHIRWEFPIWSR MRXIVQIHMEXI WXVSRKGSRGIRXVEXIH [IEOHMPYXI WSPYXMSRTYQT7IITYQTW 7SYVGI)RIVK]'SRWYQTXMSR 7IIEPWS6IWSYVGI9XMPMÊXMSR*EGXSV69* WTIGMEPETTPMGEXMSRW r KEWXYVFMRIMRPIXGSSPMRK LSXEMVLIEXI\GLERKIVW [EWXILIEXWSYVGIW WXSMGLMSQIXVMGEMV r 7]WXIQ%REP]ÎV¬ W]WXIQHIWMKREPXIVREXMZIW7IIGSQFMREXMSRKEWERHIPIGXVMGGLMPPIVTPERXW TMTMRKEVVERKIQIRXWLIEXMRKETTPMGEXMSRWXLIVQEPWXSVEKI

X XLIVQEPWXSVEKIr XSSPWEREP]WMW7IIEREP]WMWXSSPW 86%')8VERI%MV'SRHMXMSRMRK)GSRSQMGW 7IIEREP]WMWXSSPW

YZ[ 97(ITEVXQIRXSJ)RIVK] ZEVMEFPIWTIIHHVMZIW7IIGSSPMRKXS[IVZEVMEFPIWTIIHJERW [EXIVXVIEXQIRXr


8LI8VERI'SQTER] ;SVPH[MHI%TTPMIH7]WXIQW+VSYT 4EQQIP'VIIO6SEH 0E'VSWWI;- [[[XVERIGSQ %R%QIVMGER7XERHEVH'SQTER]

0MXIVEXYVI3VHIV2YQFIV

7=7%11E]

*MPI2YQFIV

407=7%1

7YTIVWIHIW

7=7%11EV

7XSGOMRK0SGEXMSR

0E'VSWWI

7MRGI8LI8VERI'SQTER]LEWETSPMG]SJGSRXMRYSYWTVSHYGXMQTVSZIQIRXMXVIWIVZIWXLIVMKLXXS GLERKIHIWMKRERHWTIGMJMGEXMSRW[MXLSYXRSXMGI

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