2009 Cement Specifications
ASTM C150 AND AASHTO M85 STANDARDS AND HARMONIZATION UPDATE MTC Meeting August 24, 2009
2009 Spec Update
Background
ASTM C150 and AASHTO M85, Standard Specification for Portland Cement
Until recently 5 significant differences
Maximum fineness
C3S content
Processing additions
Limestone
SiO2 content
2009 Spec Update
Background
ASTM C150 and AASHTO M85, Standard Specification for Portland Cement
Until recently 5 significant differences
Maximum fineness
C3S content
Processing additions
Limestone
SiO2 content
2009 Spec Update
DOT Portland Cement Specifications NH
WA
MT
ME
VT
ND
MN
OR MA ID
NY
WI SD WY
MI
RI PA
IA
NE
CT
OH NV UT
CA
IL
DC
IN
CO
WV KS
MO
DE
VA
KY NC
TN AZ
NJ
MD
OK NM
AR
SC GA MS
TX
AL
LA
AK FL
HI
AASHTO M 85, 31 ASTM C 150, 16 Both, 4 PCA Survey August 1999; Amended June 2005
2009 Cement Specs Update
History and Results
Efforts to harmonize requirements in ASTM C150 and AASHTO M85
These changes complete the “harmonization”
July 2009 editions will contain NO significant technical differences
New business
Result of efforts by Joint AASHTO-ASTM Harmonization Task Group
Harmonization Goal: Have Consistent Requirements that Meet Collective Needs 1. Ensure concrete performance 2. Provide means of measuring compliance 3. Provide consistent material 4. Use simple reliable testing and sampling methods 5. Provide flexibility for optimization of available natural resources and manufacturing technology and accommodate various user requirements 6. Ensure understandable communication between buyer and seller
2009 Cement Specs Update
First Harmonization
Fineness (single sample, average of 5)
C3S and SiO2 limits for Type II cements
Heat index (C3S+4.75C3A)
Use of up to 5% limestone
2009 Cement Specs Update
Changes in 2009 Editions
New Type II (MH)
Modify fineness provisions
Modify processing additions requirements
Revise Table 1, Footnote D
2009 Cement Specs Update
Type II(MH)
New Type II(MH) — moderate heat and sulfate resistance 2 Maximum Blaine: 430 m /kg* Heat index: C S + 4.75 C A ≤ 100 3 3 C A: maximum 8% 3
Type II — moderate sulfate resistance No maximum Blaine nor heat index C A: maximum 8% 3
Also a Type II(MH)A, air entraining
*Exemption for low heat index: 4.75C3 A+C3S≤90
Type II and II(MH) Strength
Strength requirements are the same 1450 psi at 3 days 2470 psi at 7 days
Lower minimum strength requirements apply only to Type II(MH) when optional ASTM C186 heat of hydration 1020 psi at 3 day 1740 psi at 7 days
2009 Cement Specs Update
Fineness Requirements
No “average” or “single sample” requirement for maximum or minimum
Minimum Blaine of 260 m2 /kg for Types I, II, II(MH), IV, V
Type II(MH) and Type IV maximum 430 m2 /kg Blaine
2009 Cement Specs Update
Sulfate Content Table 1, Footnote D
The old footnote was ambiguous: Was ASTM C563 required or not? Was ASTM C1038 data?
Now reads: It is permissible to exceed the values in the table for SO3 content, provided it has been demonstrated by Test Method C1038 that the cement with the increased SO 3 will not develop expansion exceeding 0.020% at 14 days. When the manufacturer supplies cement under this provision, supporting data shall be supplied to the purchaser.
Requires reporting of C1038 when table limits exceeded
2009 Cement Specs Update
Sulfate Content
New (non-mandatory) Note 5 provides further explanation: There are cases where performance of a cement is improved with SO3 in excess of the Table 1 limits in this specification. C563 is one of several methods a manufacturer can use to evaluate the effect of sulfate content on cement characteristics. Whenever SO3 content of a cement exceeds Table 1 limits, C1038 results provide evidence that excessive expansion does not occur at this higher sulfate content.
2009 Cement Specs Update
Processing Additions
Previously
AASHTO M85 limited to 1% by mass and required ASTM C465 testing for qualification
ASTM C150 required C465
C465 did not distinguish between organic and inorganic processing additions
NCHRP Research (Report 607)
Changes to
Reporting requirements
Bogue calculations
C465
2009 Cement Specs Update
Processing Additions
ASTM C465 revised to include requirements for Inorganic (IPA) and Organic (OPA) Processing Additions
AASHTO M 327 adopted with identical requirements to C465
ASTM C150 and AASHTO M 85 limits
OPAs: up to 1% by mass and qualify
IPAs: up to 5% by mass and qualify if >1%
No more than one IPA used
Processing Additions
Bogue phase composition
Calculate Bogue using base cement chemistry (clinker and sulfate) and traditional Bogue equations (no limestone correction)
Calculate and report adjusted Bogue composition corrected for use of limestone and inorganic processing additions
2009 Cement Specs Update
Processing Additions
Example adjusted Bogue:
Base cement C3S is 63% by mass
3.5% limestone used
3% IPA
Reported C3S content is:
63% × (1.0 - 0.035 - 0.030) = 59%
Repeat for C2S, C3A, C4AF
2009 Cement Specs Update
Processing Additions
Required reporting
Amount of inorganic processing addition
IPA major oxides
CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, SO3
Recommended reporting
Type of IPA
Base cement Bogue phase composition
Continue to report limestone amount used, CO2 content of limestone, and CaCO3 of limestone
