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A Proposed Low Cost Housing Project
A Proposed Low Cost Housing Project
Paul Henley A. Ayuma College of Architecture and Fine Arts Manuel S. Energa !niersity Foundation Foundation
"ntroduction 1|Page
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A Proposed Low Cost Housing Project
Housing is one of those basic social conditions that determine the quality of life and welfare of people and places !here homes are located" how well designed and built" and how well they are wea#ed into the en#ironmental" social" cultural and economic fabric of communities are factors that" in a #ery real way" in$uence the daily li#es of people" their health" security and wellbeing" and which" gi#en the long life of dwellings as physical structures" a%ect both the present and future generations Housing is therefore central to sustainable de#elopment &apid urbani'ation places remar(able strain on housing and ser#iced land )y 2*+*" about + billion people" or about ,* per cent of the world-s population" will need proper housing and access to basic infrastructure and ser#ices such as water and sanitation systems .his translates into the need to complete /0"1* housing units per day with ser#iced and documented land from now till 2*+* nfortunately" especially in the de#eloping world" supply is often limited by inadequate go#ernance systems and human resource de3ciencies" as well as by institutions and regulations which are either obsolete or lac(ing in capacity" or are poorly informed 4o far" the failure of urban planning and the construction sector in matching demand for homes has resulted in a huge housing bac(log that has led to the de#elopment of slums in a #ariety of conte5ts globally 6ue to constraints in formal housing and land deli#ery systems" more and more people who would otherwise qualify for housing programs are resorting to slum settlements 7n 1/* the urban population in Asia was 22/ million" roughly comparable to all other regions !ithin the space of si5ty years" howe#er" the population had grown se#en8fold to o#er 19 billion in 2*1* Asian cities ha#e consistently been hubs of growth and e5pansion )etween 1/* and 2*** eight out of the world-s ten fastest growing cities were in Asia: .o(yo" ;umbai" 6ehli" 6ha(a"
#er half of the world-s urban population currently li#es in Asian cities
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A Proposed Low Cost Housing Project
.hese urbani'ation trends are set to continue in the coming decades )etween 2*1* and 2** the urban population in Asia is predicted to nearly double to reach +, billion .he rate and scale of urban growth in Asia is distinct to all other regions and such e5tensi#e change will continue to place pressure on the a%ordability of land and housing in the region .he continued growth and e5pansion of cities has placed enormous strain on land and housing supply .he presence and e5pansion of urban slums and informal settlements is a physical manifestation of poorly functioning housing sectors" which do not pro#ide a range of a%ordable housing alternati#es" especially for low8 and middle8income households !hile Asia has e5perienced strong economic growth o#er the last three decades" the bene3ts of this growth ha#e not been shared equally ?conomic growth has increased the cost of (ey inputs to housing" particularly land and construction materials" which has made formal" mar(et8produced housing prohibiti#ely e5pensi#e for a #ast proportion of the population in Asia As in other Asian countries" housing situation in the Philippines is characteri'ed by the emergence of continuing demand for a%ordable housing units in response of the increasing population and household si'e" both in urban and rural areas A%ordability poses a challenge due to such factors as low income le#els" inadequate supply of desired units and limited accessibility to housing 3nance pac(ages Housing need for the period of 2**982*10 is estimated at 9"2",*/ units" which is admittedly huge and far greater than what the go#ernment can respond to by itself .his total consist of +/ million units comprising of future housing needs resulting from population growth@ plus some 1+ million in housing bac(log" consisting of housing needs for the homeless eg li#ing in ca#es" under the bridge" in agriculturalBindustrialB
commercial
buildings"
push
carts"
and streets
dilapidated or condemned housing units
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A Proposed Low Cost Housing Project
#ac$ground of Study .he study focuses on rban 6e#elopment of Lucena City which focuses on low costBa%ordable housing project Low costBa%ordable housing is broadly de3ned as that which is adequate in quality and location and does not cost so much that it prohibits its occupants meeting other basic li#ing costs or threatens their enjoyment of basic human rights .he project will be designed according to the laws and policies of the Philippines in terms of housing with the direct guidelines from HL&) Housing and Land se &egulatory )oard .he project will focus on housing de#elopment project for the low income citi'ens of Lucena .he project will o%er the citi'ens of Lucena City with a%ordable housing which will help the D"D/ household who only rents" the 12"212 household who is rent8free with consent of owners" 1"/09 household who is rent8free without the consent of owners to own a house through this project in which it will help sol#e the Housing needs of the population of Lucena City
Statement of the Pro%lem .he study aims resol#e the housing needs of Lucena City through Low Cost Housing Project .he housing project will gi#e access to low cost housing for the D"D/ household who only rents" the 12"212 household who is rent8 free with consent of owners" 1"/09 household who is rent8free without the consent of owners through low monthly amorti'ation 3nanced by go#ernment agencies li(e PAE87)7E Fund .he houses in this project will be designed in accordance to the G)CP Gational )uilding Code of Philippines and the site will be planned in accordance to the standards of )P 22* ,|Page
A Proposed Low Cost Housing Project
.his project will also set as an e5ample in sustainable design through cost e%ecti#e materials" minimal or less carbon footprint during construction and after construction" rainwater recycling" and solar power system for electrical use in the housing unit
&%jecties 'eneral &%jecties
.he main objecti#e of this project is to pro#ide an a%ordable housing units to the population with low and middle income of Lucena City .he project will pro#ide decent housing that will not sacri3ce any element of safety or ser#iceability of the housing unit o#er its life cycle ?ach housing unit should be sustainable and functional in terms of design Speci(c &%jecties
1 .he housing project site de#elopment plan will be design and planned in accordance to P6 /9 &?74?6 &L?4 AG6 &?ELA.7>G4 7;PL?;?G.7GE .H? 4)67747>G AG6 C>G6>;7G7; )I?&-4 P&>.?C.7? 6?C&?? and other related laws 11 .he housing project will conform minimum design standards of a typical subdi#ision in terms of roads" sidewal(s" alleys" etc 12 .he housing project shall reser#e" de#elop and maintain not less than thirty percent +*J of the total area of the subdi#ision" e5clusi#e of roads" ser#ice streets and alleys" as open space for par(s and recreational areas
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.he housing project will be constructed in a &esidential Kone in
accordance to ;odel Koning >rdinance 2 ?ach housing unit will be architecturally and structurally sustainable and eco8friendly
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A Proposed Low Cost Housing Project
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?ach housing unit that will be designed will use cost e%ecti#e
construction technology and energy ecient materials in terms of lighting" insulation" and other components of the unit 22 ?ach housing unit-s design will be based on .ropical Architecture design style for thermal comfort through the use of passi#e cooling elements li(e sunshades" ca#ity walls" light shel#es" o#erhangs" roof" and wall insulation 2+ ;inimi'e energy dependency on the power grid system through the use of solar power system for household electrical use + .he project de#elopment shall conform to P6 112 PH7L7PP7G? ?G7&>G;?G.AL C>6? for the protection of the en#ironment +1 .he housing project shall ha#e drainage system for $ood control and sewage system for proper waste disposal +2 7mplement 4torm water har#esting and waste water recycling system for water conser#ation ++ Allocation of #egetation and landscape in e#ery saleable lot and the subdi#ision itself for good air quality and #isual ambiance
Methodology .he comple5 process of planning and designing a low cost housing project requires that it be a multidisciplinary endea#or .his being so" the process must be organi'ed and systemati'ed so that all the stages such as: roles" acti#ities" contribution and e5pected results" and their le#els" standards and quality" are clear to e#eryone in#ol#ed in the process "mportant Components for )esign and )eelopment
*. Location >ne of the 3rst most important components of a subdi#ision
de#elopment is choosing the right location" but builders do choose di%erent location for di%erent reasons &egardless" it is essential to 0|Page
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A Proposed Low Cost Housing Project
choose an area with a healthy population or that is growing relati#ely quic( +. Space Aaila%ility !hen de#eloping a subdi#ision 7t is essential to ma(e sure that
there is enough space for the neighborhood to really grow Along with ma(ing sure that there is ample space for the beginning plans and to ma(e sure that each residence has enough space ,. -ypes of housing unit 6etermining what types of homes will be built is one of the
essential components of subdi#ision de#elopment Failing to ha#e a plan in mind can cause you to end up with a neighborhood that doesn-t ha#e a cohesi#e loo( and feel" or the neighborhood could go in the wrong direction 7n designing a unit each should ha#e something in common e#en if they are di%erent in price and si'e Iou might e#en want to opt for homes in a certain style" or you could choose that you want all of the homes to be bric( to ha#e something else in common aesthetically . Amenities 4ince there are a lot of di%erent subdi#isions out there" you ha#e to add enough amenities to ma(e people want to call your neighborhood home For e5ample" you might choose to o%er a swimming pool and a small par( for the (ids to play in >r" you could opt to plant beautiful gardens 7t isn-t needed to ha#e e#erything" but you will want to ha#e a few things to o%er that will ma(e your subdi#ision di%erent from the countless others that are out there !hen planning these amenities" howe#er" ma(e sure that you put them in your budget@ not only do you ha#e to worry about initial costs" but you also ha#e to thin( about maintenance and up(eep as well Principles of /eigh%orhood Planning 9|Page
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A Proposed Low Cost Housing Project
1 4i'e A residential unit de#elopment should pro#ide housing for that population for which one elementary school is ordinarily required 7ts actual area depending upon its population density 2 )oundaries .he unit should be bounded by arterial streets suciently wide to facilitate trac by8passing the neighborhood instead of passing through it + >pen 4paces 4mall Par( and recreation space" planned to meet the needs of the particular neighborhood should be pro#ided , 7nstitution 4ites 4ites for the school and other institutions ha#ing ser#ice spheres coinciding with the limits of the unit should be suitably grouped about a central point or common" and combined with the neighborhood recreation area 7nternal 4treet 4ystem .he unit should be pro#ided with a special street system" each highway being proportioned to its probable trac load" and the street net as a whole being designed to facilitate circulation within the unit with good access to maintain arteries" and to discourage its use by through trac
Principles of neigh%orhood planning Courtesy Urban Land Institute
Project )eelopment )esign Process D|Page
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A Proposed Low Cost Housing Project
.o achie#e the best outcomes in terms of design e%ecti#eness and process eciencies" the applicant and orBtheir ad#isers should consider the process described in 6iagram 6iagram illustrates the best approach to addressing design e%ecti#eness and process eciencies Applicants and their ad#isers should consider this process when considering de#elopment ?ach of the process steps is described below as actions .hese are not intended to be prescripti#e" but are common to best practice subdi#ision design processes
67AE&A; *. 0esearch
M )e familiar with your site of interest and collect as much information as you can N aerial photos" cadastral plans" titles" any historical information about buildings" pre#ious land uses" ha'ards such as $ooding or slips" large trees" underground or o#erhead ser#ices etc M &ead the 6esign Euide to understand what the Council is considering are important in subdi#ision design .his includes all outcomes" guidelines and landscape ad#isory notes M Loo( at the 6istrict Plan to see what the resource consent requirements are for both subdi#ision and land uses M 7n the 6istrict Plan there is a 4tructure Plan map Loo( at this and locate your property of interest and see what the conte5t is Also loo( at any connections that need to be made" slope or open space areas" or bu%ers for e5ample
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A Proposed Low Cost Housing Project
M Consider the professional assistance eg sur#eyor" engineer" and planner you may need N each of these ha#e professional institutes and ha#e lists of people in our area to contact +. Communicate
M ;eet with an ad#isor to discuss your ideas 7t may be that se#eral di%erent professionals eg to help with infrastructure enquiries" or roading will need to assist 7t may also be bene3cial to ha#e an initial meeting and then follow8up meetings as ideas e#ol#e M Consider the neighbors- interests 6o you (now them and what their plans areO .here may be mutual bene3ts to you and your neighbors if there are road connections to be made for e5ample
,. Assess
M .here may be areas of the site that are constrained in some way eg by slope" pro5imity to incompatible uses" $ooding ha'ard Assess the site with a #iew to mapping and addressing these constraints M Assess the site and map for opportunities in the same way .here may be good #iews" $atter land" good connection points for streets or paths and pro5imity to a natural feature li(e a ri#er for e5ample M >#erlay these constraints and opportunities on a map to see where the best locations for de#elopment areas are M 7f you are using a professional li(e a sur#eyor or planner they should do this withBfor you 7t is #ery useful to ha#e this as bac(ground to support your subdi#ision application . )esign &ptions
M .he position of streets and paths will be in$uential to the layout for lots and these will also be the li(ely position for infrastructure An engineer or sur#eyor will usually need to be in#ol#ed in this process M 7t would be ad#isable to see the Council again with a few options and get ocers ad#ice and comments .hey will ha#e some thoughts on 1* | P a g e
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A Proposed Low Cost Housing Project
how well the options satisfy the 6esign Euide intentions and 6istrict Plan rules and 4tructure Plans 1. )ocument
M 7n the documentation parts the information and research are gathered" including photographs
0eferences #&&2S •
.7;? 4A? 4.AG6A&64 F>& )7L67GE .IP?4 )y:
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.7;? 4A?& 4.AG6A&64 F>& A&CH7.?C.&AL 6?47EG 6A.A )y: 6onald !atson" ;ichael < Crosbie"
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?GE7G??&7GE 6?47EG AG6 C>G4.&C.7>G ;AGAL F>& 4)67747>G 7G E&>!.H A&?A4 )y: Erowth Areas Authority" 2*11
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AFF>&6A)L? LAG6 AG6 H>47GE 7G A47A )y: G8HA)7.A." 2*11
LA3S • •
GA.7>GAL )7L67GE C>6? >F .H? PH7L7PP7G?4 &?74?6 &L?4 AG6 &?ELA.7>G4 7;PL?;?G.7GE .H? 4)67747>G AG6 C>G6>;7G7; )I?&-4 P&>.?C.7? 6?C&?? P6 /9 AG6
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>.H?& &?LA.?6 LA!4 &)AG 6??L>P;?G. H>47GE AC. >F 1//2 &A 929/ 11 | P a g e
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A Proposed Low Cost Housing Project
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&?74?6 &L?4 AG6 4.AG6A&64 F>& ?C>G>;7C AG64>C7AL7K?6
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H>47GE P&> 7;PL?;?G.)A.A4 PA;)AG4A )LE 22* PH7L7PP7G? ?G7&>G;?G.AL C>6? P6 112
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DEFINING "OPEN SPACE" IN RESIDENTIAL SUBDIVISIONS AND AMENDING SECTION 31 OF PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 957 REQUIRING SUBDIVISION OWNERS TO PROVIDE ROADS, ALLEYS, SIDEWALKS AND RESERVE OPEN SPACE FOR PARKS OR RECREATIONAL USE PD 1!1#
3E#S"-ES • • • •
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http:BBde#8tipscomB8important8components8subdi#ision8de#elopmentB http:BBwwwlawphilnetB https:BBwwwacademiaeduB19*9D+BL>!QC>4.QH>47GE http:BBphilippinerealestatelawsblogspotcomB2**/B*2Bl8aw8s8go#erning8 subdi#isions8andhtml http:BBwww'ipmatchcomBblogBa%ordable8housing8for83lipinos http:BBindustrygo#phBindustryBhousingB https:BBdjece5plainswordpresscomBtagBsociali'ed8housingB http:BBunhabitatorgBurban8themesBhousing8slum8upgradingB http:BBwwwslidesharenetBjoemsQangel2***Bhousing8in8the8philippines http:BBwwwrhago#rwBuploadsBmediaBA%ordableQHousingQprojectpdf
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