Proper Water Proper water must be supplied in regard to quality, volume and pressure due to its influence of cooling and moisture lost in the eggs. Incorrect water affects evenness of the temperatures in the incubator, higher temperature at the top and lower at the bottom. Although the Jamesway Multi Stage Incubation System is by definition air- cooled the spray also contributes. In reality 70% of the cooling is from the air intake and 30% from the proper spray.
Proper Compressed Air Proper compressed air must be supplied in regard to cleanliness and dryness due to each incubator rack turn with its individual air cylinder. Oil and water from the air compressor must be properly handled and eliminated to prevent premature air cylinder failure. ------------------------------------------------------Proper air pressure @ 65 PSI minimum at the buggies must supplied to allow for proper turning. Improper lines can also create problems.
Proper Ventilation The sole purpose and definition of proper ventilation is to replace stale air with fresh air, which is needed by the developing embryos in their varying stages of embryonic development. Multi Stage incubation works on average (average temperature, humidity and damper operating range, O2 – CO2 balance) and is non-specific to any particular stage of embryonic development but maintains a proper average for all. Proper ventilation is a basic input in Multi Stage incubation that must be properly sized, designed, controlled, installed and maintained to allow for correct embryonic development as well as proper machine performance and efficiency.
Factors to Consider: EGGS FROM FARM TO INCUBATOR
• Egg Pack Uniformity • Egg Handling on the Farm • Farm Egg Storage • Hatching Egg Transportation • Hatchery Egg Storage • Egg Storage to the Incubator
EGG PACK UNIFORMITY As Observed Now Commonly Accepted As Normal in Today’s Industry • SIZE - Influences Airflow and Varying Embryonic Heat Based on Chick and Fertility • SHAPE - Same plus Impaired Chick Quality • SHELL QUALITY - Influences Moisture Lost and More Susceptible to Contamination • CLEANLINESS - Garbage in = Garbage Out
In Today’s Industry a Proper Understanding and Application of the Basics Must Be Considered and Applied in Regard to Embryology and the Incubation Equipment in Use - Considering The Four Basic Requirements for Incubation (Inside the Machines)
a. Heat b.Humidity c.Airflow d. Turning
A. Three Controlled Factors in an Incubation System a. Temperature b. Humidity c. Damper
B. One Established Factor a. Airflow
C. One Programmed Factor a. Turning
In General the Four Basic Requirements To Achieve Correct Incubation •
•
•
Heat - Determines Air Temperature That Dictates Speed of Embryonic Development Humidity - Controls Moisture Lost and Afford Some of the Cooling Air Flow - Generated by the Fans Creating the Correct Air Movement Through the Egg Pack (To Obtain, Maintain and Distribute the Correct Air Temperature to Achieve and Control Constant Embryo Temperature)
•
•
Turning - Keep Embryo in the Correct Position in the Early Stages of Embryonic Development to Avoid Sticking to the Sides as it Develops ALSO Very Important is the Damper - Controls O2 and CO2
Four Basic Requirements That Achieve the Correct Averages for Jamesway Multi Stage Incubation •
Heat - Air Temperature That Determines Speed of Embryo Development Damper is the Key - Controlled By The Temperature (Heat) Set Point and Controls O2 and CO2 Balance As Well As Negative and Positive Incubator Pressure Note: Heat Set Point is the Only Controlled Temperature Lowering the Heat Set Point Will Raise the Egg Pack Temperature - Damper Open (70% of the Cooling is Attributed to the Damper - Air Cooled)
•
•
•
Humidity - Supplied by Four Spray Nozzles That Controls Moisture Lost and Afford Approximately One Third of the Cooling in Jamesway Multi Stage (30%Cooling Attributed to Spray) Air Flow - Generated by Six Fans Creating the Correct Air Movement Through the Egg Pack (1. Forced Air - Positive, 2. Laminar - Smooth Steady and 3. Negative - Draws Through Egg Pack) Turning - Compressed Air Supplies Air Pressure to Individual Rack Air Cylinder Turning Egg @ 45 Degree 1. Early Embryonic Development 2. Air Flow Balance
Two Types of Incubation in Today’s Industry 1. Multi Stage Incubation a. Still by far the most common (varying stages of embryonic development in each incubator) = 80% b. One way system to achieve averages for all c. Interdependent (Each group of embryos supports and are dependant on the other) 2. Single Stage Incubation = 15% a. All in - All out b. Flexibility c. Biosecurity STATEMENT: Industry Trend Is Toward Single Stage Jamesway Has Two Good Incubation Concepts
Jamesway Multi Stage Incubator
Jamesway Single Stage Incubator ACI ACILarge LargeIncubator Incubator
This ThisConcept ConceptSince Since Early Lotof of Early1960’s 1960’s-- Lot
This ThisConcept Concept Since SinceLate Late 1980’s 1980’s
Two Door Hatcher
Always AlwaysBeen BeenSingle SingleStage Stage
This ThisRevised Revised Single SingleStage Stage Concept Concept (Technology) (Technology) Introduced Introducedin in October October2003 2003
Platinum PlatinumLarge Largeincubator incubator
Platinum PlatinumMedium MediumHatcher Hatcher
With the Challenges of Today’s Industry and the Embryo From the Genetically High Yield Breeds Single Stage Incubation is Fast Becoming the System of Chose Over Multi Stage Incubation Due Primarily to the Single Stage System Can Be Profiled to Meet the Specific Needs of the Embryos Whereas Multi Stage Incubation Operates on Averages
If You Was Building a New Hatchery Which Incubation Would You Choose??
General Statement of Hatchery Managers with Experience in Both Multi Stage and Single Incubation Systems is: Single Stage Incubation!!! It is Easier!!! WHY???
Multi Stage -vs.- Single Stage Multi Stage Incubation
• Managing the Needs of Each of the Varying Stages of Embryonic Development • Understanding Each Stage Has Its Specific Requirement in Relation to Heat, Humidity,Airflow and Turning
Single Stage Incubation
• Manages the Needs of Each of the Varying Stages of Embryonic Development • With the Understanding Each Stage Has Its Specific Requirement in Relation to Heat, Humidity,Airflow and Turning •
THE PROFILE IS THE KEY!!!
Multi Stage -vs.- Single Stage Multi Stage Incubation
•
•
Managing a Multi - Stage Hatchery in Today’s Industry is a Skill That Requires Attention Be Paid to Each of the Details That Affects Embryonic Development as Well as the Performance and Efficiency of the Machines All Considered as They Influence Our Number One Goal (Good Quality At Least Cost)
Single Stage Incubation
•
Single - Stage Incubation in Today’s Industry Incorporates the Attention to Each of the Details That Affects Embryonic Development as Well as the Quality of the Chick Hatched
THE PROFILE IS THE KEY!!!
A Very Important Difference That Is More and More Coming To The Forefront In Regard to Single Stage verses Multi Stage ----IS---A. Multi Stage Incubation Operates on Averages B. Single Stage Incubation Operates On Specifics
Today’s Embryos Seem to be More Susceptible and Less Viable in Regard to Incubation Simply Will Not Take As Much Temperatures Variations Single Stage Incubation Can Better Meet the Specific Needs
Benefits That Can Be Attributed To Single Stage • Bio Security • Flexibility • Specifics • Quality
BIO-SECURITY • Term that the poultry industry is using more and more frequently. As production of poultry becomes more intensive, and genetic selection produces a chicken that is faster growing but possibly more susceptible to disease, all aspects of the production process have to establish procedures to maximize the levels of sanitation and hygiene.
Bio Security Warm temperatures and high humidity levels required for incubation also provides an ideal climate for bacteria growth. The Single Stage machines can be thoroughly cleaned and sanitized after each cycle of eggs without any disruption to the incubation process. This high level of cleanliness not only improves chick quality but also reduces field mortality. As well any contamination that does occur is contained within the batch of eggs inside the machine and can be addressed during or after the incubator is emptied.
FLEXIBILITY • Eggs can be loaded into the setter upon arrival to the hatchery. (Incubator Can Be Used as Egg Storage and Proper Pre - Warming all as per Profile)
• Not locked into twice per week setting as with multi-stage. • Adjust temperature and humidity according to breed, age of eggs, and/or eggs size to maximize hatch results. • Programmable profiles and alarms
FLEXIBILITY • Variable setting handled with ease • Program machine for specific needs • Separation of eggs • Incubator rack can be transported to farm Incubator (Farm) Rack Locking Pin Mechanism
Specifics With Your Understanding and Knowing the Variables or Factors in Regard to Your Particular Egg Pack You Can Specifically Profile the Single Stage Incubation System to Meet the Specific Needs and Requirements of Each Group of Eggs You Put Into Incubation Example: 1.Young Flocks (Small Eggs- Less Embryonic Heat ) = 20% 2. Old Flocks (Large Eggs - Low Fertility) = 20% 3. Prime Flocks (Average Size Eggs - High Fertility) = 60% 4. Any Problem Flocks
Multi MultiStage Stage
Quality !!!
Single SingleStage Stage
Single Stage vs Multi Stage Grow Out Results on Prime Flocks (The Best - Easiest) Single-Stage vs Multi-Stage Grow Out 7.0 6.0 5.0 s b L
4.0
S-Stage M-Stage
3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
B-4 Kill
Kill
Week
1 S-Stage M-Stage
0.3317 0.3557
2 0.7700 0.7384
3 1.5783 1.4220
4 2.4683 2.2214
5 3.4125 3.1517
6 4.4088 4.3600
7 B-4 Kill 5.6443 6.1720 5.2675 5.8775
Kill 5.8285 5.5929
52 days 53 days
Your Jamesway Hatcheries ----- ARE ----As Of Now All Multi Stage So Lets Now Focus On ------------The Jamesway Multi Stage Incubation System What Can Be Done To Improve !!!
I Observed Some Improvements (Example: Water Pressure) in the Hatcheries From Previous Visit and I Sincerely Thank You All For The Efforts Put Forth ---------------But-----------------As In Any Hatchery There Are Still Opportunities To Improve (Even in Many Areas Previously Discussed and Reported)
Your Results As Observed, Reported and Discussed Still Reveals Many Areas of Opportunities
